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APPLICATION
GRT100 provides the following human interfaces for relay RELAY FUNCTIONS
setting or viewing of stored data.
■ Relay front panel: LCD, LED display and operation keys
■ Local PC ■ Current Differential Protection
■ Remote PC GRT100 provides fast, selective protection for two- and
three winding transformers. It has three phase-segregated
The relay can be accessed from a local PC or a remote PC differential elements, each with a dual-slope percentage
through communication ports. A local PC can be connected differential characteristic as shown in Figure 1.
to the relay via the RS232C port on the front fascia of the
relay and a remote PC can be connected to the relay through
the RS485 port at the rear of the relay.
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▲ Fig. 2 hardware block diagram
When the transformer is overexcited due to a transient The high-set over current element provides an
power system disturbance, the use of a fifth harmonic instantaneous or definite time over current protection.
restraint method blocks the relay operation.
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GRT100
Thermal image:
I2-lp2
Trip: t=τ·In
I2-(klB)2
(l2-lp2)(1-TA/ τ)
Alarm: t= τ·In
l2-(klB)2
where
t: Operating time
τ: Thermal time constant
k: Constant
I: Relay current
IB: Basic current
Ip: Specified load current before the overload occurs
TA:Time for alarm
■ Frequency Protection
GRT100 has two frequency elements, which provide the
▲ Fig. 3 Characteristics of inverse time delayed over current element
following schemes:
■ Under frequency protection
■Over frequency protection
■Thermal Overload Protection (alarming
and/or tripping)
■ Over excitation Protection
The characteristics are exponential functions according to
IEC 60255-8 standards and take into account the 12R A single phase-to-phase connected voltage input is
losses due to the particular operational current and the provided to detect over excitation. Alarms and tripping,
simultaneous cooling due to the coolant. In this way the based on a measurement of the voltage/frequency ratio are
tripping time during an overload condition takes the provided. The voltage/frequency ratio is calculated using
pre-overload into consideration. An alarm can be set to per unit quantities. The alarm is definite time delayed whilst
the characteristic may be selected as either having a
definite time or an inverse time delay, as shown in Figure 5.
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HARDWARE
Figure 7 shows the hardware block diagram of the relay.
The relay has a multiple microprocessor design. The
microprocessors perform software functions such as signal
processing, protection algorithm, scheme logic, output relay
control and handling of the human interface.
Analog inputs include phase current inputs, residual current
inputs and phase voltage inputs. The number of analog inputs
depends on the model of the relay.
The internal auxiliary transformers are used to isolate, step
down and condition the inputs from the VT and CTs. Their
output signals are then converted into digital data for further
processing. The front panel contains a 4 x 40 character, liquid
crystal display (LCD) and 19 pushbutton keys to provide local
access to the relay menu. There are also 8 light emitting
▲Fig. 5 Characteristic of over excitation diodes (LED) for visual indication of the status of the relay.
The relay provides three communication ports: RS232C for
connection of a local PC, RS485 for a remote PC and IRIG-B
■ AC Inputs and Protection Elements for an external clock.
Figure 6 shows the typical relationship between the AC inputs
and protection elements.
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GRT100
Currents, voltages and differential currents can be indicated Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and operation keys.
as primary or secondary values. ■40 characters, 4 line LCD with backlight
The user can monitor the following output and status on the ■8 Light Emitting Diodes (LED) including 4 that are
LCD and at local/remote PCs. configurable
■Relay element output ■Operation keys
■Binary input/output ■RS232C port
■Monitoring jacks
■Event Record
Figure 8 shows the relay front panel.
The most recent 96 time-tagged events are stored with 1
ms resolution. Events recorded are as follows.
-Tripping
-Alarms
-Change of binary input signal
-Change of relay setting
-Relay failure
■Fault Record
A relay trip initiates fault recording. Time-tagged fault data
can be stored for the 8 most recent faults. Fault record
items are as follows.
■Date and time
■Operating phase
■Tripping mode
■Pre-fault and post-fault current data (phase, phase to
phase, symmetrical components)
■Disturbance Record
The relay can record 22 analog and 30 binary signals. The ▲ Fig. 8 Relay front panel.
disturbance recorder is initiated by operation of the over
current element and/or relay tripping. In respect to analog
data, phase currents, neutral current and phase-to-phase The following items can be displayed on the LCD.
voltage are recorded.
- Setting
Pre-fault recording time is fixed at 300ms, and post-fault - Metering
recording time can be set from 100ms to 3s. The maximum - Event records
number of stored records depends on the post-fault - Fault records
recording time. In the case of a post-fault recording time of - The number of disturbance records
500ms, up to 20 disturbance records can be stored. The - Any failure message detected by the automatic supervision
record number of the recorded data is displayed on the
LCD. Password protection can be provided from the setting menu
on the LCD to provide security for relay setting changes.
■Calendar and Time After the password has been set, the password must be
entered to access the setting menu from a local or remote
PC as well as on the LCD.
The calendar and time are provided for time tagging of
recorded data. Synchronization with GPS (Global The contents of metering, fault records, and relay failures
Positioning System) is achieved via the IRIG-B port. can be monitored by pressing the VIEW key. The VIEW key
can be pressed without removing the relay front cover.
■Relay Front Panel Two monitoring jacks are operable when the test mode is
The relay front panel incorporates the following human selected in the LCD window. An oscilloscope can be
interfaces. connected to the relay through these jacks. Selection of
Setting the relay and viewing stored data are possible using output signals on the monitoring jacks can be set from the
the LCD menu.
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■Local PC
The user can communicate with the GRT100 from a local Eight active setting groups are provided. This allows the
PC via the RS232C port on the relay fascia. The following user to set one group for normal operating conditions while
data can be viewed or analyzed on the local PC with other groups may be set to cover alternative operating
RSM100 software. conditions.
- Setting
- Metering ■Configurable Binary Output Contacts
- Event records
- Fault records GRT100 is provided with 13 or 23 user configurable
- Disturbance records normally open output contacts used for indication and
alarm. The number of outputs varies according to the relay
■Remote Setting and Monitoring (RSM) model.
■ Relay Setting
The user can input or change settings using the operation
keys on the relay fascia or via a local or remote PC with the
RSIVI system. Password protection is provided to change
settings.
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GRT100
PC DISPLAY
▲ Event record
▲Metering
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AUTOMATIC MONITORING
■ Alarms
In the unlikely event that a relay failure should occur, this is
detected by automatic monitoring and the LED ALARM on
the relay fascia is illuminated. A binary "RELAY FAILURE"
output is simultaneously operated and the date/time of any
such failure would be stored in the event record.
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TECHNICAL DATA GRT100
■ Ratings ■ Operating time of current differential element
▪AC current (In): 1A or 5A ▪Current differential element: typical 30ms
▪AC voltage: 100V, 110V, 115V, 120V ▪High-set differential over current element: typical 20ms
▪Frequency: 50Hz or 60Hz
▪DC power supply: 110Vdc/125Vdc (Operative range: 88 to 150Vdc)
220Vdc/25OVdc (Operative range: 176 to
■ Accuracy of current differential element
300Vdc) ▪Current differential protection: ±5%
48Vdc/54Vdc/60Vdc (Operative range: 38.4 ▪Reset value: less than 105%
to 72Vdc)
AC ripple on DC supply IEC 60255-11: maximum 12%
DC supply interruption IEC 60255-11
■ Time-over current protection
Permissive duration of DC supply voltage interruption to High-set over current element
maintain normal operation: less than 50ms at 110Vdc ▪ Pick up level (OC): 0.1 to 20.Opu in 0.1pu steps
Restart time: less than 10s ▪Delay time (TOC): 0.00 to 1 0.00s in 0.01s steps
▪Binary input circuit DC voltage: ▪Operating time: typical 30ms
110Vdc/125Vdc (Operative range: 88 to 150Vdc) Inverse time over current element
220Vdc/25OVdc (Operative range: 176 to ▪Pick up level (OCI): 0.10 to 5.OOpu in 0.01pu steps
300Vdc) ▪Time multiplier (TOCI): 0.05 to 1.00 in 0.01 steps
48Vdc/54Vdc/60Vdc (Operative range: 38.4 ▪Characteristic: Three IEC standard 60255-3 (Standard
to 72Vdc) inverse, Very inverse, Extremely inverse),
or a Long-time inverse
*Refer to Figure 3.
■ Overload rating ▪Accuracy of inverse time characteristics:
▪AC current input: 4 times rated continuous Standard, Very and Long-time inverse: EC 60255-3 class 5,
100 times rated for 1 s Extremely inverse: IEC 60255-3 class 7.5
▪AC voltage input: 2 times rated continuous
2.5 times rated for is
■ Accuracy of time over current protection
■ Burden ▪Pickup value: ±5%
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▪Accuracy: ±2% of pickup voltage ■ Vibration test
▪Frequency range: ±2%
The relay withstands vibration in the frequency range of 10 to
150Hz with a sweep rate of 1 octave per minute in accordance with
■ Disturbance record initiation IEC Standard 60255-21-1, Class 1.
▪Over current element: 0.1 to 20.OOpu in 0.01pu steps
▪Earth fault: 0.05 to 20.OOpu in 0.01pu steps ■ Shock and bump test
▪Pre-fault time: 0.3s (fixed)
The relay withstands the shocks and bumps specified in IEC
▪Post-fault time: 0.1 to 3s
Standard 60255-21-2, Class 1.
Durability
▪Loaded contact: 10,000 operations minimum ■ Surge immunity
▪Unloaded contact: 100,000 operations minimum The relay withstands 4kV peak and 1.2/50ms between all groups
and case earth, and 2kV peak and 1.2/50ms between terminals of
■ Mechanical design each group in accordance with IEC Standard 61000-4-5, Level 4.
▪Weight: 12kg
▪Case color: Munsell No.10YR8/0.5 ■ EMC compliance
▪Isolation: IP51 Conformity to 89/336/EEC, generic standards EN50081-2,
▪Installation: Flush mounting or rack mounting EN50082-2
Product safety, conformity to 73/23/EEC, generic safety standards
EN61010-1, EN60950
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■ Protocol converter(Option)
▪Type: G1PR1
▪AC power supply
Voltage: 100/110V
Frequency: 50 or 60Hz
Burden: less than 20W
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ORDERING
Relay Type:
Transformer protection relay GRT100
Relay Model:
-Model 100: 2 three-phase current inputs for 2-winding
transformer
101
13 N/0 configurable output contacts
102
23 N/0 configurable output contacts
-Model 200: 3 three-phase current inputs for 2-winding and
3-winding transformer
201
13 N/0 configurable output contacts
202
23 N/0 configurable output contacts
CT rating:
1A 1
5A 2
Frequency:
50Hz 1
60Hz 2
DC power supply rating:
1OOV/125V 1
220V/250V 2
48V/54V/60V 3
G1PR1
2. Protocol Converter (Option)
Type:
Protocol converter G1PR1
Model:
Not available for external time synchronization 01
Available for external time synchronization (IRIG-B) 02
Available for external time synchronization (IRIG-B and GPS) 03
AC power supply rating:
AC 100/110V 10
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GRT100
MEMO
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MEMO
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TOSHIBA CORPORATION
POWER SYSTEMS & SERVICES COMPANY
UTILITY POWER SYSTEMS ENGINEERING DEPT.
1-1. SHIBAURA 1-CHOUME. MINATO-KU. TOKYO 105-8001. Japan
PHONE: 03-3457-3631
FACSIMILE: 03-5444:9196