Information

and
Types of Information

Patitapaban Rath
Department of Computer Science

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 What is Data?

• Data can be recognized as unprocessed

facts and figures.
• Plain collected data are raw facts.
• Data cannot help in decision-making process
for any organization.
• Data is defined as ‘groups of non-random
symbols in the form of,images,voice,action
and objects.
• Data does not make any sense of its own.

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 What is Information?

• Meaningful and processed data is called

information.
• Interpreted data is called information.
• Information is used for decision-making
process for any organization.
• Information is a data that has been
processed into a form that is meaningful to
recipient and is of real or perceived value in
the current or the prospective action or
decision of recipient.( Davis and Solomon)
• Information make any sense of its own.
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What is Information?

Data Processing Information

+91-823414568 indicates number only. It is

simply a data.
Tel:+91-823414568 indicates mobile
number. It is a information.
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Types of Information
Strategic
Information

Tactical
Types by Characteristics
Information

Operational
Information

Planning
Information

Control
Information

Knowledge
Types by Information
Information
Application
Organizational
Information

Functional
Information

Database
Information

Low level
Information

Middle level
Information
Types by
Management
Top level
Information
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Types by Characteristics

Strategic Information

It is concerned with long term policy decisions.

It defines the objective of a business and checks how well the

objectives are met.

Example : 1. Acquiring a new plant.

2. Acquiring a new product.
3. Diversification of business etc.

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Types by Characteristics

Tactical Information

It is concerned with the information needed for exercising control over

business resources.

Example : 1. Preparing budget for the organization.

2. Quality control of an organization.
3. Checking the productivity level of an organization etc.

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 Types by Characteristics

Operational Information

• It is concerned with plant or business level information.

• It is used to ensure proper conduction of specific operational tasks

as planned.

Example : 1. Various operator specific jobs, machine specific jobs, shift

specific jobs for quality control checks of an organization.
2.How many employees are present in an organization

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 Types by Application

Planning Information

• This information is needed for establishing norms and specifications in

an organization.

• It is used for strategic, tactic and operation planning of any activity.

Example : Planning time standards and design standards of any

organization.

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 Types by Application

Control Information

• This information is needed for establishing control over all business

activities through business mechanism.

• It is used for utilizing important processes in a system.

Example : Creating process and getting feedback whether to proceed

further or not.

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 Types by Application

Knowledge Information

•It is defined as “information about information”.

• It is achieved through experience and learning.

•It is also acquired through research studies.

Example :OLAP

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 Types by Application

Organizational Information

•This information deals with an organization’s environment and culture.

• It is used by everybody in the organization.

Example : Employee information, payroll information

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 Types by Application

Functional Information

•This information is operation specific.

• It refers to the daily schedules in an organization.

•It is normally internal to the organization.

Example : Roster duty of employee

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 Types by Application

Database Information

•The information which can be stored, retrieved and managed to create

databases is called database information.

•It has multiple usage and application.

Example : product information is stored for multiple users.

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 Types by Management

Low Level Information

•This information is used for low level management.

•It is also called operational level information.

Example :OLTP.

Middle Level Information

•This information is used for middle level management.

•It is also called management level information.

Example :OLAP,Is the business running properly?

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Types by Management

Top Level Information

•This information is used for top level management.

•It is also called strategic level information.

Example :Data Mining, what product should we generate for the next
10 years?

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Thank You

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