Assignment Vibration et Onds

Nom: Phyrun Thanaksith

ID: e20180798
Group: I2:GCI2

I2-TD-2-Exercise-5

A 4 𝑘𝑔 block 𝐴 is dropped from a height of 800 𝑚𝑚 onto a 9 𝑘𝑔 block 𝐵 which is at rest. Block 𝐵 is
supported by a spring of constant 𝑘 = 1500𝑁 ∕ 𝑚 and is attached to a dashpot of the damping coefficient
𝑐 = 230 𝑁 ⋅ 𝑠 ∕ 𝑚. Knowing that there is no rebound, determine the maximum distance the blocks will
move after the impact.

Phyrun Thanaksith
 Solution 5

Determine the maximum distance the blocks will move after the impact.

A
800mm
A d
B
B

k c k c

• Speed of 𝐴 before impact: 𝑉𝐴

𝑉𝐴 = √2𝑔ℎ = √2 × 9.81 × 0.8 = 3.96 𝑚 ∕ 𝑠

• Speed of 𝐴 and 𝐵 after impact: 𝑉

𝑚𝐴 𝑉𝐴 + 𝑚𝐵 𝑉𝐵 = (𝑚𝐴 + 𝑚𝐵 )𝑉
4 × 3.96 + 9 × 0 = (4 + 9)𝑉
4 × 3.96
𝑉 = 𝑥̇ 𝑜 = = 1.21𝑚⁄𝑠
13
• Static deflection (Block 𝐴):
𝑚𝐴 𝑔 4 × 9.81
𝑥𝑜 = − =− = −0.02619𝑚
𝑘 1500
• Let 𝑥 = 0 be the equivalent position of both blocks:
• Lagrange equation (𝑞 = 𝑥)
𝑑 𝜕𝐿 𝜕𝐿 𝜕𝐷
( )−( )=( )
𝑑𝑡 𝜕𝑞̇ 𝜕𝑞 𝜕𝑞̇
1 1
𝐿 = 𝑇 − 𝑈 = 𝑀𝑥̇ 2 − 𝑘𝑥 2
2 2
1
𝐷 = 𝑐𝑥̇ 2
2
𝑑 𝜕𝐿 𝜕𝐿 𝜕𝐷
( )−( )=( )
𝑑𝑡 𝜕𝑥̇ 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥
𝑐 𝑘
⟺ 𝑀𝑥̈ + 𝑐𝑥̇ + 𝑘𝑥 = 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑥̈ + 𝑥̇ + 𝑥 = 0
𝑀 𝑀
Phyrun Thanaksith
 𝑥̈ + 2𝜆𝑥̇ + 𝜔𝑂2 𝑥 = 0
• With
𝑘 1500
𝜔𝑂2 = = = 115.30 𝑟𝑎𝑑 ⁄𝑠
𝑀 13
𝑐 230
𝜆= = = 8.846 𝑟𝑎𝑑 ⁄𝑠
2𝑀 2 × 13
• Characteristic equation:
𝑟 2 + 2𝜆𝑟 + 𝜔𝑂2 = 0
△′ = 𝜆2 − 𝜔𝑂2 = −37.13 = (𝜔𝑗)2
• Then
𝑟 = −𝜆 ± 𝜔𝑗 = −8.846 ± 6.094𝑗
• Solution

𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝜆𝑡 (𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜔𝑡 + 𝐵𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜔𝑡)

• Condition
𝑡 = 0, 𝑥𝑜 = −0.02619𝑚, 𝑥̇ 𝑜 = 1.21𝑚⁄𝑠
𝐴 = −0.02619 𝐴 = −0.02619
⟹{ ⟹{
𝐵𝜔 = 1.21 𝐵 = 0.16202
• Solution
𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 −8.846𝑡 (−0.02619𝑐𝑜𝑠6.094𝑡 + 0.16202𝑠𝑖𝑛6.094𝑡)
• Maximum deflection occurs when 𝑥̇ = 0
𝑥̇ = −𝜆𝑒 −𝜆𝑡 (𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜔𝑡 + 𝐵𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜔𝑡) + 𝑒 −𝜆𝑡 (−𝐴𝜔𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜔𝑡 + 𝐵𝜔𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜔𝑡) = 0
⟺ (𝐵𝜔 − 𝜆𝐴)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜔𝑡 − (𝐴𝜔 + 𝜆𝐵)𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜔𝑡 = 0
𝐵𝜔 − 𝜆𝐴
⟹ 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜔𝑡 =
𝐴𝜔 + 𝜆𝐵
0.16202 × 6.094 + 0.02619 × 8.846
𝑡𝑎𝑛6.094𝑡 = = 0.957
(−0.02619) × 6.094 + 0.16202 × 8.846
𝑡𝑎𝑛6.094𝑡 = 0.957
6.094𝑡 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 0.957
𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 0.957
𝑡= = 0.1252𝑠
6.094
• When 𝑡 = 0.1252𝑠
𝑥(0.1252) = 𝑒 −8.846𝑡 [−0.02619cos (6.094 × 0.1252) + 0.16202sin (6.094 × 0.1252)]
𝑥 = 0.0307𝑚
The maximum distance the blocks will move after the impact
𝑑 = 0.0307 + 0.02619 = 0.057𝑚

Therefore: The maximum distance the blocks will move after the impact
𝒅 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟓𝟕𝒎

Phyrun Thanaksith