Electrical Building Load Calculation Study

CONTENTS:
PAGE NO
S No TOPIC
0 GIVEN CIVIL LAYOUT 1
2
1 TOTAL CONNECTED LOAD
3
a. LIGHTING LOAD
4
b. POWER LOAD
5
c. AC LOAD
10
2 DG SET SIZING CALCULATION
10
3 TRANSFORMER SIZING CALCULATION
11
4 CAPACITOR BANK SIZING CALCULATION
11
5 CABLE SIZING CALCULATION
13
6 VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATION
15
7 SHORT CIRCUIT CALCULATION
16
8 SELECTION OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS
17
9 SHORT CIRCUIT CHECKING CALCULATION
19
10 LOAD BALANCING SHEET
21
11 MAIN SCHEMATIC LAYOUT(SLD)
23
12 LIGHTING LAYOUT
24
13 POWER LAYOUT
26
14 AC LAYOUT
28
15 SLD FOR LOAD SHARING EACH FLATS
29
16 SLD FOR CABLE SIZE
17 SLD FOR CB,%VD,SSC
18 BUS BAR SIZING CALCULATION
19 EARTHING CALCULATION
20 LIGHTING PROTECTION CALAULATION
21 BILL OF QUANTITY
0)G+5 CIVIL LAYOUT:
1)TOTAL CONNECTED LOAD:
Calculation of Total Connected Load for G+5 Residential Building
A formula’s used:
1. Total connected Load=a) Lighting Load +b) Power Load +c) AC Load
a) Lighting load=i) Lighting Fixture load +ii) Ceiling Fan load +iii) Exhaust Fan load
i) Lighting Fixture load:
Formulae are used in calculating Lighting Fixture Load in a given room:
1. Room Index= LxW
(L+W)H
Where,
L = length of the Room (Mtrs)
W = width of the room (Mtrs)
H = height of the lighting fixture from ground (Mtrs)
2. No.of Lighting Fixtures = L x W x Lux Level
CUF X MF x Type of light Fixture x Lumen output of each lamp
Where,
Lux level = as per NBC standards,
Lumen output of lamp can be obtained from manufactures data,
CUF = Coefficient of utilization factor,
Based on the above formulae, calculating lighting load for each and every flat.
ii) Power Load
Power load can be calculated depending upon the room application and the No .of sockets provided based on the
NBC standards.
Iii) AC Load
AC load can be calculated using the thumb rule that for every100 to 120sft of room area, 1Tr AC is required.
Ii) Lighting Load(FLAT1&FLAT2)
By using the above formula lighting fixtures calculations
ROOM LENGTH WIDTH ROOM LUX TYPE CUF MF LUMEN NO OF TOTAL

APPLICATION IN MTS IN MTS INDEX LEVEL OF OUTPUT LIGHTS WATTS
LAMP
HALL 3.2 4.6 0.63 300 36W 0.5 0.95 3350 3 300
KICHEN 3.7 3 0.55 300 36W 0.5 0.95 3350 2 200
BED ROOM 3.2 4.3 0.6 250 36W 0.5 0.95 3350 2 200
MBR 3.7 3.2 0.57 250 36W 0.5 0.95 3350 2 300
DINING 2.3 2.5 0.39 200 36W 0.5 0.95 3350 1 100
BALCONY 3.2 1.2 0.35 100 18W 0.5 0.95 1350 1 100
TOILET1 2.4 1.2 0.32 100 18W 0.5 0.95 1350 1 100
TOILET2 2.4 1.2 0.32 100 18W 0.5 0.95 1350 1 100
TOTAL LIGHTING FIXTURES LOAD = 1300W
Ii) Ceiling Fan Load(FLAT1&FLAT2)
By looking at the layout, we can assume that Master bed room, hall, bedroom and Dining area require
ceiling .Therefore, there are total 5 ceiling fans in flat 1, each having 100W.Total power load can be tabulated as
below:
ROOM NO OF WATTS OF TOTAL

APPLICATION FANS EACH FAN WATTS
HALL 2 100 200
DINING 1 100 100
BED ROOM 1 100 100
MASTER BED ROOM 1 100 100
TOTAL CEILING FAN LOAD=500W
iii) EXHAUST FAN LOAD(FLAT1&FLAT2)
Similarly, we are going for one exhaust fan each in Toilet 1, Toilet 2, Toilet 3 and Kitchen. The wattage of each
exhaust fan is 100W.Therefore.total fan load is tabulated as below:
ROOM NO OF WATTS OF EACH TOTAL

APPLICATION FANS FAN WATTS
KITCHEN 1 100 100
TOILET1 1 100 100
TOILET2 1 100 100
TOTAL EXHAUST FAN LOAD=300W

Therefore, total lighting load of Flat1&Flat2 is =1300W + 500W + 300W= 2100W--------------------------------------------1
b) Power load of Flat1&Flat2
1. Hall --4 Normal sockets –4 x 200W = 800W
--1 power socket –1 x 500W = 500W(for Cooler)
2. Bedroom --3 Normal sockets—3 x 200W = 600W
3. Kitchen --1 Normal socket —1 x 200W = 200W
--1 Power socket –1 x 3000W = 3000W (for Cooker)
--1 Power socket –1x 1000W = 1000W (Micro oven)
--1 Power socket –1 x 750W = 750W (Freezer)
--1 Power socket –1 x 750W =750W (Mixture)
--1 Power socket –1 x 500W = 500W (Dish washer)
4. Dining --1 Power socket –1 x2000W = 2000W (Washing machine)
--1 Normal sockets –1 x200W =200W
--1 power socket –1 x750W =750W(for iron)
5. Toilet 1 --1 Normal socket –1 x200W =200W
--1Power socket –1 x2000W = 2000W (Water heater)
7. Master bedroom --3Normal sockets –3 x200W = 600W
8. Balcony --1Normal sockets --1 x200W = 200W
Therefore, Total Power load: 16250W-------------------------------------------2
iii) AC Load of Flat1&Flat2
1. Master bedroom:
Length = (12+2/12) = 12.16ft
Width= (10+8/12) = 10.65ft
Total Sft = 12.16’ x 10.5’ = 128Sft.

Therefore, bythumb rule:
100Sft to 120Sft --------1 TR AC So 1.06TR AC is required.
Therefore, 1TR AC consumes 1400W
2. Bedroom:
Length = (10+6/12) = 10.5ft
Width= (14+2/12) = 14.16ft
Total Sft = 10.5’ x 14.16’ = 150Sft.
Therefore, by thump rule:
100Sft to 120Sft --------1 TR AC so 1.25 TR AC is required. So 1.5 TR AC is proposed.
Therefore, 1.5TR AC consumes 2100W
Total AC load is 3500W-----------------------------------------------------------3
Total connected load of Flat1&Flat2 = 2100W + 16250W + 3500W =21850W = 21.85 KW
i) Lighting Load(FLAT3&FLAT4)
By using the above formula lighting fixtures calculations
ROOM LENGTH WIDTH ROOM LUX TYPE CUF MF LUMEN NO OF TOTAL

APPLICATION IN MTS IN MTS INDEX LEVEL OF OUTPUT LIGHTS WATTS
LAMP
HALL 3.2 4.9 0.65 300 36W 0.5 0.95 3350 3 300
KICHEN 3.7 2.5 0.53 300 36W 0.5 0.95 3350 2 200
BED ROOM 3.2 4.3 0.61 250 36W 0.5 0.95 3350 2 200
MBR 3.7 4.3 0.66 250 36W 0.5 0.95 3350 3 300
DINING 2.3 2.2 0.3 200 36W 0.5 0.95 3350 1 100
BALCONY 1.8 1.2 0.24 150 18W 0.5 0.95 1350 1 100
TOILET1 2.4 1.2 0.32 150 18W 0.5 0.95 1350 1 100
TOILET2 2.4 1.2 0.32 150 18W 0.5 0.95 1350 1 100
TOILET3 1.2 2.2 0.32 150 18W 0.5 0.95 1350 1 100
TOTAL LIGHTING FIXTURES LOAD = 1500W
ii) Ceiling Fan Load(FLAT3&FLAT4)
By looking at the layout, we can assume that Master bed room, hall,bedroom and Dining area require
ceiling fanS.Therefore, there are total 5 ceiling fans in flat 2, each having 100W.
ROOM APPLICATION NO OF FANS WATTS OF EACH FAN TOTAL WATTS
HALL 2 100 200

DINING 1 100 100
BED ROOM 1 100 100
MASTER BED ROOM 1 100 100
TOTAL CEILING FAN LOAD=500W
iii) Exhaust Fan load(FLAT3&FLAT4)
Similarly, we are going for one exhaust fan each in Toilet 1, Toilet 2,Toilet 3 and Kitchen. The wattage of
each exhaust fan is 100W.Therefore.total fan load is tabulated as below:
ROOM NO OF WATTS OF TOTAL

APPLICATION FANS EACH FAN WATTS
KITCHEN 1 100 100
TOILET1 1 100 100
TOILET2 1 100 100
TOILET3 1 100 100
TOTAL EXHAUST FAN LOAD=400W
Therefore, total lighting load =1500W + 500W + 400W
= 2400W--------------------------------------------1
b) Power load of Flat3&Flat4
1. Hall --4 Normal sockets –4 x 200W = 800W
--1 Power socket –1 x 500W = 500W (for Cooler)
2. Bedroom --3 Normal sockets—3 x 200W = 600W
3. Balcony --1 Norma l socket —1 x 200W = 200W
4. Kitchen --1 Normal socket —1 x 200W = 200W
--1 Power socket –1 x 3000W = 3000W (for Cooker)
--1 Power socket –1x 1000W = 1000W (Micro oven)
--1 Power socket –1 x 750W = 750W (Freezer)

--1 Power socket –1 x 750W =750W (Mixture)
--1 Power socket –1 x 500W = 500W (Dish washer)
5. Dining --1 Power socket –1 x 2000W = 2000W (for washing machine)
--1 Power socket –1 x 750W = 750W (for iron)
--2 Normal sockets –2 x200W =400W
8. Master bedroom --3Normal sockets –3 x200W = 600W
9.Toilet3 --1Normal socket-1x200=200w
--1Power socket-1x2000=2000w
Therefore, Total Power load: 18450W-------------------------------------------2
Iii) AC Load of Flat3&Flat4
1. Master bedroom:
Length = (12+2/12) = 12.16ft
Width= (14+2/12) = 14.16ft
Total Sft = 12.16’ x 14.16’ = 172.2Sft.
Therefore, by thumb rule:
100Sft to 120Sft --------1 TR AC So 1.5TR AC is required.
Therefore, 1.5 TR AC consumes 2100W
2. Bedroom:
Length = (10+6/12) = 10.5ft
Width= (14+2/12) = 14.16ft
Total Sft = 10.5’ x 14.16’ = 149 Sft.
Therefore, by thump rule:

100Sft to 120Sft --------1 TR AC so 1.24 TR AC is required. So 1.5 TR AC is proposed.
Therefore, 1.5 TR AC consumes 2100W
Total AC load is 4200W-----------------------------------------------------------3
Total connected load of Flat3&Flat4 = 2400W + 18450W + 4200W =25050W = 25.05 KW
TOTAL CONNECTED LOAD OF 1 FLOOR = 21850+21850+25050+25050 = 93800W = 93.8 KW
Therefore, in a similar way the connected load on each floor will be 93.8KW.
Total connected load of 5 floors will be 5x 93.8=469 KW
Calculating connected load (TCL) of Services:
TCL of services = Ground Floor (GF) parking light + GF Power load + each floor Corridor Load
.
i) Corridor Lighting
Length = 1.2Mtrs.
Width = 23.7Mtrs.
Room Index = L x W= (1.2x 23.7)/ (1.2+23.7)2.5 = 0.45

(L+W)H
No.of Lighting Fixtures =L x W x Lux Level
CUF xMF x Type light Fixture x Lumen output of each lamp
= (1.2 x 23.7 x 100)/ (0.5 x 0.95 x 1 x 1350) = 4.43 ------5 Lamps
Length =16.15 Mtrs.
Width = 1.5Mtrs.
Room Index = LxW = (16.15 x 1.5)/(16.5+1.5)2.5 =.54

(L+W)H
No.of Lighting Fixtures = L x W x Lux Level
CUF xMF x Type light Fixture x Lumen output of each lamp
= (16.15 x 1.5 x 100)/(0.5 x 0.95 x 1 x 1350) = 3.27 ------3 Lamps
Therefore, total lamps in first floor corridor =5+3= 8 lamps.
Total wattage of first floor = 8x 100 = 800W.
Total wattage for 5 floors = 800 x 5 = 40000W----------------------------------------------1

ii) Ground Floor Power load:
For every 15 Mtrs lengths, one power socket is to be provided.
No.of sockets =2 x (L + W)/15 = 2 x (16.15+23.7) / 15 = 5.31= 6 No. of Socket required.
3 Normal sockets –3 x200W =600W
3 Power sockets –3 x1000W = 3000W
Therefore, Total power load = 3600W ---------------------------------2
iii) Ground floor lighting load:
Length = 16.2Mtrs.
Width = 23.7Mtrs.
Room Index = (16.2×23.7)/(16.2+23.7)3 = 3.21
CUF = 0.67, MF = 0.95
No.of Lighting Fixtures = L x W x Lux Level

CUF xMFType light Fixture x Lumen output of each lamp
= (16.2x23.7 x 100)/(0.67 x 0.95 x 1 x 3350) = 17.95-----------18 Lamps
Therefore, total GF lighting load = 18 x 100 = 1800W--------------------------3
iv) Lift load
we are using for lift =15 KW-----------------------------4
v) Water service
5HP = 5 x 0.746 = 3.73 KW----------------------------------5
vi) Fire Fighting
we are using for fire = 10 KW-------------------------------------6
Therefore, from 1, 2,3,4,5& 6
Tcl of DB services = 1800+3600+4000 = 9400= 9.4 KW
Tcl of SMDB services = TCL of DB – Services + TCLof MCC.
= 9.4 + 28.73 = 38.13 KW
Tcl of SMDB services = 38 KW

TOTAL MDB of G+5 Apartment :
MDB = SMDB-SERVICES + SMDB-1F+SMDB-2F+SMDB-3F+SMDB-4F+SMDB-5F.
= 38+93.8+93.8+93.8+93.8+93.8=507kw
2)DG SET SIZING CALCULATION:
We are giving DG Supply for the Services only. So, we have to calculate the DG size based on the total
connected load of SMDB – Services only i.e., for 38 kW.
* TCL = 38 kW.
*Add 10% extra for future purpose = 41.8 KW
* Maximum Demand based on Diversity Factor of 0.8: 41.8X 0.8 = 33.6 kW.
* Therefore, kVA = 33.6/ 0.8 = 42 kVA.
* Add Derating Factor of 0.8 to improve the DG Set efficiency: 42/0.8=47kVA.
* 50 KVA DG Set is proposed.
Checking:
* Highest Motor Rating = 15 kW.

* Therefore, kVA = 15/0.8 = 18.75 kVA.
* Add Derating factor of 0.9 due to voltage fluctuations: 18.75/0.9 =21 kVA.
* Assume, the motor takes 4 times of rated current at starting: 21 X 4 = 84 kVA.
*KVA of DG less motor kVA during normal operation of motor is:47 – 21 = 26 kVA.
* Required kVA ofDG set during starting is: 26 + 84 = 110 kVA.
* Every DG having some over load factor is 1.5
* Tolerance of proposed DG is:50 X 1.5 = 75 KVA.
Therefore, the proposed DG does not satisfy the starting load of highest motor.
Therefore, 100 kVA DG set is proposed.
3)TRANSFORMER SIZING CALCULATION:
We have to calculate the Transformer size based on the connected load of MDB. The total connected load of
MDB is ......
* TCL = 507 KW
* Add 10% extra for future purpose: 507+50.7=578 kW.
* Maximum Demand based on Diversity Factor: 578x 0.8 =462.4 kW.
* Therefore, kVA = 462.4/0.8 = 578 kVA.
* Add Derating Factor of 0.9 to improve the transformer efficiency: 578/0.9 = 642.2 kVA.
Therefore, 630 KVA Transformer is proposed for the building.
Checking:
* Highest Motor Rating = 15 kW.
* Therefore, KVA = 15/0.8 = 18.75 KVA.
* Add Derating factor of 0.9 due to voltage fluctuations: 18.75/0.9 =21 KVA.
* Assume, the motor takes 4 times of rated current at starting: 21 X 4 = 84 KVA.
*KVA of Transformer less motor KVA during normal operation of motor: 642.2 – 21= 621.2 KVA.
* Required KVA of Transformer during starting of motor: 621.2 + 84= 705 KVA=750 KVA.
* Every Transformer having some over load factor for this make the over load factor is 1.5
* Tolerance of proposed Transformer: 6300 X 1.5 = 945 KVA.
Therefore, the proposed transformer withstands the starting load of highest rated motor.
4)CAPACITOR BANK SIZING CALCULATION:

Capacitor Bank Size is calculated for connected load of MCC i.e., for 28.73 KW to improve the power factor of the
system. Here, we are going for 0.96 from 0.8 power factor.
KVAR = TCL X {Tan Cos -1(0.8) - Tan Cos-1(0.96)}
= 13.22 KVAR.
=15 KVAR
Here, we can go for 5KVAR +5KVAR+5KVAR in Three steps.
Therefore, the proposed Capacitor Bank size is 15 KVAR.
5)CABLE SIZING CALCULATION:

For HT Side:
Feeder1: The HT Side standard for 11 kV supply is: 1R X 3CX 240 Sqmm.(Al)
For LT Side:
Feeder2: Load Current, IL= 630 x 1000 /(1.732 X 415) = 877 amps.
• 500 Sqmm = 877/ (481 X 0.7) = 2.6 = 3 Runs.

• 400 Sqmm = 877/ (426X 0.7) =2.94= 3 Runs.
• 300 Sqmm = 877/(375x0.7) =3.34 =3Runs
• 240 Sqmm = 877/ (333X 0.7) =3.76= 4 Runs.
So, proposed cable is 3RX3.5CX300 Sqmm(Al)
Feeder3: MDB TO SMDB-S: Load Current= 66A.
• So, proposed cable is 1RX3.5CX25Sqmm(Al)
Feeder4: MDB TO SMDB-1: Load Current = 163A

The load current is same for MDB TO SMDB-2,SMDB-3,SMDB-4,SMDB-5,
Therefore for feeder 5,6,7,8. cable size is 1RX3.5CX95Sqmm(Al)
Feeder9: SMDB-S TO DB-S: Load Current = 16A
• So, proposed cable is 1RX4CX1.5 Sqmm(Cu)
Feeder10: SMDB-S TO MCC: Load Current = 50A
• So, proposed cable is 1RX4CX10Sqmm(Cu)
Feeder11: SMDB-1 TO F1: Load Current = 38A
• So, proposed cable is 1RX4CX6 Sqmm(Cu)

• The load current is same for SMDB-1 TO F2,SMDB-2 TO F1&F2,SMDB-3 TO F1&F2,SMDB-4 TO
F1&F2,SMDB-5 TO F1&F2
Therefore for feeder 12,15,16,19,20,23,24,27,28 cable size is 1RX4CX6Sqmm(Cu)
Feeder13: SMDB-1 TO F3: Load Current = 44A

• The load current is same for SMDB-1 TO F4,SMDB-2 TO F3&F4,SMDB-3 TO F3&F4,SMDB-4 TO
F3&F4,SMDB-5 TO F3&F4
Therefore for feeder 14,17,18,21,22,25,26,29,30 cable size is 1RX4CX10 Sqmm(Cu)
Feeder31: MCC TO LIFT: Load Current = 26A
Feeder32: MCC TO FIRE: Load Current = 17.4A
Feeder33: MCC TO WATER SERVICE: Load Current = 7A

Feeder34: SMDB-S TO ATS: Load Current = 66A
• So, proposed cable is 1RX3.5CX25 Sqmm(Al)
Feeder35: ATS TO DG SET: Load Current = 66A
Feeder36: MCC TO CAPACITOR BANK: Load Current = 50A
• So, proposed cable is 1RX4CX10Sqmm(Cu)
6)VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATIONS:

Voltage drop calculations are done based on the load current & size of the cable used. Here, we are calculating
voltage drop for each cable and verifying in the end that the percentage voltage drop for a given loop is always less
than 5%. The steps involved in calculating voltage drop are as follows:
 Voltage Drop = (1.732 x load Current x length of Cable x Impedance of Cable) .

1000 x No. of Runs
 % Voltage Drop = Voltage Drop x 100 .
System voltage
HT SIDE
Feeder (1)
Cable Size = 3Cx240 Sqmm(Al)
Cable Length = 30m
Cable Impedance = 0.160Ω/km
Number of runs=1R
VD = 0.274V
%VD = 0.0025%
LT SIDE
Cable(2)
Cable Size = 3.5Cx300 sqmm(Al)
Cable Length = 25m
Number of runs=3R
VD = 1.65V
%VD = 0.39%
Cable(3)
Cable Length = 3m
Cable Impedance = 1.539Ω/m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 0.527V
%VD = 0.13%
Cable(4)
Cable Length = 3m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 0.347V
%VD = 0.084%
Cable(5)
Size = 3.5Cx95 sqmm(Al)
Cable Length = 3m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 0.347V
%VD = 0.084%
Cable(6)
Cable Length = 3m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 0.347V
%VD = 0.084%
Cable(7)
Cable Length = 3m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 0.347V
%VD = 0.084%
Cable(8)
Cable Length = 3m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 0.347V
%VD = 0.084%
Cable(9)
Cable Size = 4Cx1.5 sqmm(Cu)
Cable Length = 2m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 0.9V
%VD = 0.23%
Cable(10)
Cable Size = 4Cx10 sqmm(Cu)
Cable Length = 2m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 0.41V
%VD = 0.098%
Cable(11)
Cable Length = 3m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 0.779V
%VD = 0.187%
Cable(12)
Cable Length = 4m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 1.04V
%VD = 0.251%
Cable(13)
Cable Length = 3m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 0.54V
%VD = 0.130%
Cable(14)
Cable Length = 4m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 0.72V
%VD = 0.173%
Cable(15)
Cable Length = 6m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 1.56V
%VD = 0.375%
Cable(16)
Cable Length = 8m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 2.1V
%VD = 0.51%
Cable(17)
Cable Length = 6m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 1.074V
%VD = 0.258%
Cable(18)
Cable Length = 8m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 1.433V
%VD = 0.345 %
Cable(19)
Cable Length = 9m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 2.339V
%VD = 0.56%
Cable(20)
Cable Length = 10m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 2.6V
%VD = 0.63 %
Cable(21)
Cable Length = 9m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 1.612V
%VD = 0.4%
Cable(22)
Cable Length = 10m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 1.8V
%VD = 0.433%
Cable(23)
Cable Length = 12m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 3.12V
%VD = 0.752%
Cable(24)
Cable Length = 13m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 3.4V
%VD = 0.82%
Cable(25)
Cable Length = 12m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 2.15V
%VD = 0.52%
Cable(26)
Cable Length = 13m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 2.339V
%VD = 0.56%
Cable(27)
Cable Length = 15m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 3.9V
%VD = 0.94%
Cable(28,)
Cable Length = 16m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 4.12V
%VD = 1.012%
Cable(29)
Cable Length = 15m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 2.7V
%VD= 0.65%
Cable(30)
Cable Length = 16m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 2.86V
%VD= 0.69%
Cable(31)
Cable Length = 25m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 6.68V
%VD = 1.61%
Cable(32)
Cable Length = 20m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 9.34V
%VD = 2.25 %
Cable(33)
Cable Length = 5m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 0.94V
%VD = 0.23%
Cable(34)
Cable Length = 1m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 0.2V
%VD = 0.05%
Cable(35)
Cable Length = 2m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 0.352V
%VD = 0.09%
Cable(36)
Cable Length = 2m
Number of runs=1R
VD = 0.41V
%VD = 0.1%
Voltage Drop is satisfied for every loop.
7)SHORT CIRCUIT CALCULATION:
1. Impedance of the cable for ___Meters = Length of the cable x Cable Impedance
No of Runs x 1000
2. Impedance of the cable under system voltage (P.U)
= Impedance of the cable for ___Meters x Base MVA
(System Voltage)^2
3. Total P.U = Previous P.U + Present P.U

4. Max Fault Level up to CB = Base MVA
Total P.U
5. Max Fault Current = Max Fault Level

√3 x System Voltage
SHORT CIRCUIT CALCULATIONS

Impedanc
Maximum
Length Impedan e of Cable Maximu
Total PU fault
of ce of based on m fault
Sno Feeder Type of Cable Impedanc current
Feeder Cable (Ω system up to C.B
e (Ω) (KILO
(Mtrs) ) voltage (MVA)
Amps)
(Ω)
1 Feeder1 1RX3CX240Sqmm (Al) 30 0.00576 0.0024 0.15 333 17.5
2 Feeder2 3RX3.5CX300Sqmm(Al) 25 0.0154 0.1 2.75 18.2 25.3
9 Feeder9 1Rx4cx1.5Sqmm(Cu) 2 0.03 8.7 12.75 4 5.6
10 Feeder10 1RX4CX10Sqmm(Cu) 2 0.004 1.2 5.25 9.5 13.2
11 Feeder11 1RX4CX6Sqmm (Cu) 3 0.01 2.9 6 8.33 11.6
13 Feeder13 1RX4CX10Sqmm(Cu) 3 0.006 1.88 5 10 13.9
17 Feeder17 1RX4CX10Sqmm(Cu) 6 0.013 3.77 6.9 7.2 10
20 Feeder20 1RX4CX6Sqmm(Al) 10 0.04 11.6 14.7 3.4 4.7
27 Feeder27 1RX4CX6Sqmm(Cu) 15 0.055 15.9 19 2.6 3.6
30 Feeder30 1RX4CX10Sqmm(cu) 16 0.035 10.2 13.3 3.8 5.3
32 Feeder32 1RX4CX1.5Sqmm(Cu) 20 0.29 84.2 89.5 0.55 0.8
34 Feeder34 1RX3.5CX25Sqmm(Al) 1 0.00144 0.0004 4.1 12.2 17
35 Feeder35 1RX3.5CX25Sqmm(Al) 2 0.003 0.9 5 10 14
36 Feeder36 1RX4CX10 sqmm(Cu) 2 0.004 0.9 5 7.7 14
8)SELECTION OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS:
The selection of circuit breaker is done based on load current & a safety factor of 1.25 i.e., IL X 1.25. The
circuit breaker sizes are tabulated as below for each & every feeder:
LOAD LOAD CURRENT AFTER SAFETY CIRCUIT BREAKER AVAILABLE IN

FEEDER NO
CURRENT(IL) FACTOR (IL X 1.25) THE MARKET (AMPS)
Feeder1 33 41 50
Feeder2 877 1096 1500
Feeder3 66 83 100
Feeder4 163 204 225
Feeder5 163 204 225
Feeder6 163 204 225
Feeder7 163 204 225
Feeder8 163 204 225
Feeder9 16 20 20
Feeder10 50 62.5 63
Feeder11 38 48 50
Feeder12 38 48 50
Feeder13 44 50 63
Feeder14 44 50 63
Feeder15 38 48 50
Feeder16 38 48 50
Feeder17 44 50 63
Feeder18 44 50 63
Feeder19 38 48 50
Feeder20 38 48 50
Feeder21 44 50 63
Feeder22 44 50 63
Feeder23 38 48 50
Feeder24 38 48 50
Feeder25 44 50 63
Feeder26 44 50 63
Feeder27 38 48 50
Feeder28 38 48 50
Feeder29 44 50 63
Feeder30 44 50 63
Feeder31 26.1 33 40
Feeder32 17.4 22 25
Feeder33 7 9 10
Feeder34 66 83 100
Feeder35 66 83 100
Feeder36 50 62.5 63
9)SHORT CIRCUIT CHECKING CALCULATION:
1. HT Side: The cable with stand capacity is checked for 3seconds & it is given by:
Cable with stand capacity for 3 sec = KA / √t.
Where, K = Constant for Al (0.143),
A = Cross sectional area of cable,
t = time (3sec).
Therefore, the cable with stand capacity = (0.143 x 240) / 1.732 = 19.8 KA.
Here the short circuit current is 17.5 KA only.
Therefore, the cable withstands this capacity.
2. LT Side: The cable withstand capacity is checked for 1 sec or less than 1 sec only & it is given by:
Cable withstand capacity for 1 sec = Isc x No. of Runs /√t.
Where, Isc = Short circuit current,
T = Time.
The result can be tabulated as below.
Note: If the cable doesn’t satisfy for 1 sec time, we can go for 09 sec ,0.8 sec, etc.,
Short Circuit Cable with stand

Sno Feeder No Feeder Size Time(Sec)
Current (KA) capacity (KA)
1 Feeder1 1RX3.5CX240Sqmm(Al) 17.5 3 19.8

2 Feeder2 3RX3.5CX300Sqmm(Al) 25.3 1 68.2
3 Feeder3 1RX3.5CX25Sqmm(Al) 17.3 0.01 18.9
0.1 22.4
6 Feeder6 22.4
1RX3.5CX95Sqmm(Al)
0.1 22.4
7 Feeder7 22.4
1RX3.5CX95Sqmm(Al)
0.1 22.4
8 Feeder8 22.4
1RX3.5CX95Sqmm(Cu)
0.001 5.6
9 Feeder9 5.5
1Rx4cx1.5Sqmm(Cu)
10 Feeder10 1RX4CX10Sqmm(Cu) 13.2 0.005 16.3
11 Feeder11 1RX4CX6Sqmm (Cu) 11.6 0.003 12.6
17 Feeder17 1RX4CX10Sqmm(Cu) 10 0.009 12.1
25 Feeder25 1RX3.5CX10Sqmm(Cu) 6.3 0.009 12.1
30 Feeder30 1RX3.5CX10Sqmm(Cu) 5.3 0.009 12.1
32 Feeder32 1RX4CX1.5Sqmm(Cu) 0.8 0.01 1.7
33 Feeder33 1RX4CX1.5Sqmm(Cu) 2.6 0.003 3.1
34 Feeder34 1RX3.5CX25Sqmm(Al) 14 0.03 16.6
35 Feeder35 1RX3.5CX25Sqmm(Al) 17 0.02 20.2
36 Feeder36 1RX4C10Sqmm(Cu) 10.7 0.01 11.5
10)LOAD BALANCING SHEET:
LOAD BALANCING SHEET FOR FLAT 1&2:
8-WAY DISTRIBUTION BOARD
PHASE CABLE MCB R Y B

SIZE RATING
(sqmm) (Amps)
R1 2.5 10 LIGHTING LOAD 700
KITCHEN,BALCONY,BEDROOM
Y1 2.5 10 HALL,M.B.R(2LIGHTS) 700
B1 2.5 10 DINING,TOILET-1,TOILET-2,M.B.R(1L) 700
R2 4 20 POWER LOAD 3000
KITCHEN(RICE COOKER)
Y2 4 20 T-1(WATER HEATER) 2000
B2 4 20 T-2(WATER HEATER) 2000
R3 4 20 KITCHEN(MICRO WANE) 1000
Y3 4 20 DINING(WASHING MACHINE) 2000
B3 4 20 KITCHEN(FRIZ+MIXER+DBH WASHER) 2000
R4 4 20 DINING(IRON+1N/S),M.B.R(3N/S) 1550
Y4 4 20 BALCONY,T-1,T-2,KITCHEN,B.R(7N/S) 1400
B4 4 20 HALL(COOLER+4N/S) 1300
R5 6 32 AC 660
M.B.R
Y5 6 32 M.B.R 660
B5 6 32 M.B.R 780
R6 6 32 B.R 400
Y6 6 32 B.R 500
B6 6 32 B.R 500
R7 SPARE
Y7 SPARE
B7 SPARE
R8 SPARE
Y8 SPARE
B8 SPARE
Total load 7310 7260 7280
TOTAL CONNECTED LOAD=21850W=21.85KW
LOAD BALANCING SHEET FOR FLAT3&4:
8-WAY DISTRIBUTION BOARD
PHASE CABLE MCB LOAD & LOCATION R Y B

SIZE RATING
(sqmm) (Amps)
R1 2.5 10 LIGHTING LOAD 800
HALL, BEDROOM(5+3)
Y1 2.5 10 M.B.R, T-1,T-2,BALCONY(1+2+2+3) 800
B1 2.5 10 M.B.R,T-3,DINING,KITCHEN(1+2+2+3) 800
R2 4 20 POWER LOAD 3000
KITCHEN(FOR COOKER)
Y2 4 20 TOILET-1(WATER HEATER) 2000
B2 4 20 TOILET-2 (WATER HEATER) 2000
R3 4 20 TOILET-3(WATER HEATER) 2000
Y3 4 20 DINING(WASHING MACHINE) 2000
B3 4 20 KITCHEN(FRIZ+MIXER+DBH WASHER) 2000
R4 4 20 HALL(COOLER+4N/S) 1300
Y4 4 20 DINING(IRON+1N/),KITCHEN(1M.W+1N/S) 2150
B4 4 20 B.R,M.B.R,BALCONY,T-1,T-2,T-3(10N/S) 2000
R5 6 32 AC 660
M.B.R
Y5 6 32 M.B.R 660
B5 6 32 M.B.R 780
R6 6 32 B.R 660
Y6 6 32 B.R 660
B6 6 32 B.R 780
R7 SPARE
Y7 SPARE
B7 SPARE
R8 SPARE
Y8 SPARE
B8 SPARE
Total load 8420 8270 8360
TOTAL CONNECTED LOAD=25050W=25.05KW

11)MAIN SCHEMATIC LAYOUT(SLD):
12)LIGHTING LAYOUT:
LIGHTING LOAD FOR G+5 TYPICAL FLOAR :
13)POWER LAYOUT:
POWER LOAD FOR G+5 TYPICAL FLOAR:

14)AC LOAD :
AC LOAD FOR G+5 TYPICAL FLOAR:

15)SINGLE LINE DIAGRAMS:
SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM OF LOAD DISTRIBUTION FOR FLAT 1&2:

SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM OF LOAD DISTRIBUTION FOR FLAT 3&4:
16)SLD FOR CABLE SIZING:
17)SLD FOR CB,%VD&SSC:
18)BUS BAR SIZING CALCULATION:
Size of the Bus Bar = Full load current/Current Carrying Capacity of the material
CCC OF Al =0.8A/SQMM
Cu=1.6A/SQMM
Here,
Material:-Copper
Full Load current =1233A
Current Carrying Capacity of Copper = 1.6A/sqmm
Therefore, Size of the bus bar = 807.5sqmm
Propose 6X150sqmm Copper Bus bar
19)EARTHING CALCULATIONS:
Here, we have to find the Earth Strip Size, Earth Pit Resistance, Earth Strip Resistance & over all resistance.
1. Earth Strip Size: The formulae for finding earth strip size are:
Earth strip size in Sqmm = (I sc x √t) / K.
Where, Maximum Fault current = 25.3 kA.

Maximum Fault Duration = 1Sec.
Constant value for Cu. = 118.
Therefore, Earth Strip Size = (25.3 x 1000x √1)/ 118 = 214Sqmm.
Here, we can go for 75 x3 earth strips.
2. Earth Pit Resistance: The formulae for calculating Earth Pit resistance is:
Earth pit Resistance, R rod= 100r Log (4L/d).

2∏ L
Where, r = Resistivity of Soil ( Assume = 0.2 Ω m),
L = length of the Rod (3Mtrs).
d = Diameter of the rod (65mm).
Therefore, R rod= 100 x 0.2log{(4 x 3)/0.065} = 2.4 Ω.
2 x 3.14 x 3
Here, we are going for 4 earth pits. (2.4/4 = 0.6 Ω.)
R rod=0.6Ω
3. Earth Strip Resistance: It is given by:

R cond = 100 r Log {2(L)2 /w x s} .
2∏ L
Where, L = length of the strip (30Mtrs),

W = depth level of the strip (2Feets),
S = Size of the strip (75mm).
Therefore, R cond = 0.48Ω. For each rod it is 0.48/4 = 0.12Ω/pit

R conductor=0.12Ω
4. Overall Resistance:
Overall resistance = (R rod x R cond) / (R rod + R cond).
= (0.6 x 0.12) / (0.6 + 0.12) = 0.1 Ω. i.e., < 1 Ω.
Therefore, our earthing is safe.
20)LIGHTING PROTECTION CALCULATION:
Height of the Building, H = 18m

Width of the Building, W= 16.15m
Length of the Building, L= 23.7m
Location of the Building – Hyderabad, India
Flashes per year, Ng=0.7 (Taken from IS 2309 Code)
Effective Collection Area, Ac=(WxL)+2(WxH)+2(LxH)+(π x 100)

Here, Ac= 2131.51sqm
So, 2131.51sqm of the building will get affected.
Probability of Strike, P = Ac X Ng X 10ˉ⁶
Here, P=1.49 X 10ˉ³
Overall Weighting Factor, W = a x b x c x d x e

Where, a is the Use of structure = 1.7
b is the Type of Construction = 0.8
c is the contents effect = 1.2
d is the degree of isolation =2
e is the Type of Country = 0.3
Here, W = 1.3872
Overall Risk Factor = W x P
Here, overall risk factor = 2.0697 X 10ˉ³

Since it is greater than 10ˉ⁵, Lighting Protection is required for the Building
No of Rods= Total Affected Area/360⁰
Here, No of Rods = 5.92 ie 6 Rods
Therefore, 6 Rods are required on the top of the buildings,

Propose 6Rx75x3sqmm, Copper Strips for Lightning Protection.
21)BILL OF QUANTITY:
ITEM GROU 1ST FLOOR 2 3 4 5 TOTAL

ND FLAT FLAT FLAT FLAT CORRI TOTA FLOO FLOO FLOO FLOO
FLOOR 1 2 3 4 DOR L R R R R
36WLAMP 18 10 10 11 11 - 42 42 42 42 42 228
18WLAMP - 3 3 4 4 8 22 22 22 22 22 110
CEILINGFAN - 5 5 5 5 - 20 20 20 20 20 100
EXHAUSTFAN - 3 3 4 4 - 14 14 14 14 14 70
5A SOCKETS 3 15 15 16 16 - 62 62 62 62 62 313
13ASOCKETS - 5 5 5 5 - 20 20 20 20 20 100
20A SOCKETS 5 5 5 5 - 20 20 20 20 20 100
1.5TR AC - 2 2 2 2 - 8 8 8 8 8 40
TRANSFORM - - - - - - - - - - - 1NO
ER 630KVA
DG 100KVA - - - - - - - - - - - 1NO
CBANK - - - - - - - - - - - 3NO
5KVAR
1RX3CX240 - - - - - - - - - - - 30M
SQMM(Al)
3RX3.5CX300 - - - - - - - - - - - 25M
SQMM(AL)
1RX3.5CX95 - - - - - - - - - - - 15M
SQMM(AL)
1RX4CX10SQ - - - - - - - - - - - 100M
MM(CU)
1RX3.5CX25 - - - - - - - - - - - 6M
SQMM(AL)
1RX4CX6 - - - - - - - - - - - 96M
SQMM(CU)
1RX4CX4 - - - - - - - - - - - 25M
SQMM(CU)
1RX4CX1.5 - - - - - - - - - - - 27M
SQMM(CU)
32A SOCCKET 2 2 2 2 8 8 8 8 8 40NO
1550A ACB - - - - - - - - - - - 1NO
225A MCCB - - - - - - - - - - - 5NO
100A MCCB - - - - - - - - - - - 3NO
63A MCB - - - - - - - - - - - 12NO
50A MCB - - - - - - - - - - - 11NO
40A MCB - - - - - - - - - - - 1NO
25A MCB - - - - - - - - - - - 1NO
20A MCB - - - - - - - - - - - 1NO
10A MCB - - - - - - - - - - 1NO
------------------ - - - - - - - - - - - -
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Electrical Building Load Calculation Study

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Electrical Building Load Calculation Study

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CONTENTS:

18 BUS BAR SIZING CALCULATION

20 LIGHTING PROTECTION CALAULATION

i) Lighting Fixture load:

Formulae are used in calculating Lighting Fixture Load in a given room:

1. Room Index= LxW

L = length of the Room (Mtrs)

W = width of the room (Mtrs)

H = height of the lighting fixture from ground (Mtrs)

2. No.of Lighting Fixtures = L x W x Lux Level

CUF X MF x Type of light Fixture x Lumen output of each lamp

Lux level = as per NBC standards,

Lumen output of lamp can be obtained from manufactures data,

CUF = Coefficient of utilization factor,

ii) Power Load

By using the above formula lighting fixtures calculations

ROOM LENGTH WIDTH ROOM LUX TYPE CUF MF LUMEN NO OF TOTAL

Ii) Ceiling Fan Load(FLAT1&FLAT2)

ROOM NO OF WATTS OF TOTAL

TOTAL CEILING FAN LOAD=500W

iii) EXHAUST FAN LOAD(FLAT1&FLAT2)

ROOM NO OF WATTS OF EACH TOTAL

TOTAL EXHAUST FAN LOAD=300W

b) Power load of Flat1&Flat2

1. Hall --4 Normal sockets –4 x 200W = 800W

--1 power socket –1 x 500W = 500W(for Cooler)

2. Bedroom --3 Normal sockets—3 x 200W = 600W

3. Kitchen --1 Normal socket —1 x 200W = 200W

--1 Power socket –1 x 3000W = 3000W (for Cooker)

--1 Power socket –1x 1000W = 1000W (Micro oven)

--1 Power socket –1 x 750W = 750W (Freezer)

--1 Power socket –1 x 750W =750W (Mixture)

--1 Power socket –1 x 500W = 500W (Dish washer)

4. Dining --1 Power socket –1 x2000W = 2000W (Washing machine)

--1 Normal sockets –1 x200W =200W

--1 power socket –1 x750W =750W(for iron)

5. Toilet 1 --1 Normal socket –1 x200W =200W

--1Power socket –1 x2000W = 2000W (Water heater)

6. Toilet 2 --1 Normal socket –1 x200W =200W

--1Power socket –1 x2000W = 2000W (Water heater)

7. Master bedroom --3Normal sockets –3 x200W = 600W

8. Balcony --1Normal sockets --1 x200W = 200W

Therefore, Total Power load: 16250W-------------------------------------------2

iii) AC Load of Flat1&Flat2

Length = (12+2/12) = 12.16ft

Width= (10+8/12) = 10.65ft

Total Sft = 12.16’ x 10.5’ = 128Sft.

100Sft to 120Sft --------1 TR AC So 1.06TR AC is required.

Therefore, 1TR AC consumes 1400W

Length = (10+6/12) = 10.5ft

Width= (14+2/12) = 14.16ft

Total Sft = 10.5’ x 14.16’ = 150Sft.

Therefore, by thump rule:

100Sft to 120Sft --------1 TR AC so 1.25 TR AC is required. So 1.5 TR AC is proposed.

Therefore, 1.5TR AC consumes 2100W

Total AC load is 3500W-----------------------------------------------------------3

Total connected load of Flat1&Flat2 = 2100W + 16250W + 3500W =21850W = 21.85 KW

By using the above formula lighting fixtures calculations

ROOM LENGTH WIDTH ROOM LUX TYPE CUF MF LUMEN NO OF TOTAL

ii) Ceiling Fan Load(FLAT3&FLAT4)

ROOM APPLICATION NO OF FANS WATTS OF EACH FAN TOTAL WATTS

HALL 2 100 200