~~ ~(1Jj UWrEJffilJl.OrT6N eorTGil· ~~GiJ UW6l.I6ID<£,WrT6N ttl(1Jjffirliieoffi ... u!D6ID-.vs,siT 6l..JrTti;J!I;g)! 6l.Ii'B;:l56N. ~rlii@i @JrT~i'B;:l5 llJrT6ID6Nd;8m..LLrliieoW LBC6~L.

O UWL.O GUrT®i'B~~. ~6l,.IdJ!DrTGiJ LDl)'rEJeo6ID61T ~uut.q.CEw L.5l(]rliilfl 6Tp5lUJ (Itlt.q.ll1LfJ. ~6&r!DrTeoa' CEl:frTi'Bg)! ~6l..JdJ6ID!D 6T~rTd;®ill L.ti®eorliiC661D61T 6lSlI)Lt.q. ~t.q.4i~ 6l5l(blill. I:fITdi&® &tbGU61JflGUJrT6Or(9J ~i'B;:l54 ffirTLt.q.@,IiW61T ~® UJrT6!:D6N6lDUJU l.5h.q.ffieo ~LLLaLLg)!. ~® .sl!eo6\)l.OrT6'OT ®bCi G6lJLLUULL~.. t5l!D@.i @j~ G;:l5rfiUJrT;:l56l..JrTQ;)J @6!:D6\)Ili61TrTGiJ 1.06!:D !D4&UUL.L§J.

~® lBrTffi ~i'B;:l5 6l.Jl,;B<]w 6l.li'B;:l5 UJrT6!:D6N ®bCiu.5l<]w 6l5lC!:P!I>§J 6l5lL.L~. ~~ uUJrfJ&l)l.OrT&ffi &4i~UJ§I. L.D6cirr6tD6mlT 4i ;:l56Or ffiITGiJ&61TrT@,IiLil, ~tbL.5ldi6ID&UJrT§lILD @t.q.~;:l5~. ~6m rT6\.), G6l..JWl<]UJQ;)Jtb 6l.lrTW uyffi 1fl6IDLffieo6l5lGiJ6IDw.

llJ rT6ID6'OT G ;:l5rTL IT i'Bg)! ;:l56Or (lpUJ dJJi6!:DUJd; 6!:D& 6))l LrTl.OGiJ .@®i'B;:l5§J. !!L 600T 6mlT !!L 6mlT 6l.j, @iii!- eses ~®tb .@GiJWrTl.OGiJ lLJ rr 6tD 6m ~6iJ6l.l u(]u rr g)! CElfrTIT!lg)! uGil~§I@51(b1L1. L.5l!D@ dJ ~ G IJ 6m ~ 6mlT IT 6l.j 6lJ ® tb (] U IT §I 11I6OOT (] ill , 1.O 60bT 6ID 6OOT' @t.q. di & ~fJL1L.5l~g)!6'lSlGiltb.~uut.q.<]l.l.J U6\) lIirTL&@!jdi@ju t.51!D@. llJrT6!:D6m u"l1li6l.jL.O (],frTIT6l.I6IDLi'B\'iJ§J. 6lJ@)l6l5\bD!b§l <]umi..rU u(]~@J 6lSlL.L@I.

~!b;:l5& 1.f1.OUJW urrrT~@J &rr&&nro ~L..&6h l.l.JrT6ID6N6IDUJ, GurfiUJ 1f1'liJ1flrs6l6IDUJdi GffirT6OOr(] &LIij-U(]Urn.:.-L6lJTrT. <!!ll~6liT 6rT6\:)eo6Q)6Tf, (]6l.leol.OrTeo ~6IDI:fd;& .@UJ6DrT;:l56l..JITrpl ffiLlq.6'OTrT. t.51!D@i UJrT6ID6OT6IDUJdi ®~6IDlU6l5lL.(] G6l.JWlUJrTdittl ~1'liJ&61T§I &LLfTl):5:$ldJ@ Gamcilr{3 GIf6lir!D6mrT.

c8}f rliJ @) 6T GiJ W rr Ii: If iJlJ 1fl6l5l eo @9 L1 .sl! & !D !D U u L 0 I UJ rr 6tD .6N u.5liSN ~ IJ 600r CB eorTrueo@!jffi@5 LDLGlill ~(9J~UJrr6'OT GurfiUJ Ifrliittlrs6lffiW Gurr®:5~uuL(] $D6!:DI,Ju.J1ru uS~:$l®!l~ ~® GllirTdi4lu.5lGiJ ~6ttl6®T~~6'OTrf. ~,di~d; GffirT85ttl UrTrf85eo ~®illLi 6l.I6(S)61TUJL.O (]urrGiJ Il'l,Q5lUJ~rTeo.®®,di;:l5rT§)JL.O ~@J 1.06OOT@lldi@.i ~1ij-u516i.:J GurfiUJ ~®L.OY4i@'6OOT ffi(]6TfrT(b\ cEll6IDIf85& (lpl!).l.UrT ~ ~61T6l.jd;® .sl!6IDl.085&UULIij-®!l$D@J.

~6lJfrC!)ffi UJIJaD6OTcE@j ffi!DI~ ~61T6lj !1L6OOf6lj GJc!)IJ(bI~~lJrr&cir. !1L6'ffill'61J !1L6OUrL ITrDlPJ CBjIil)¢J<$]ru UJIJaD6tlT U6Dl..OIJffiU L5l6Tfl(D ~l)l[ll..51~~@I.. ~@I~lHIDr6tlTITru QPlIj-JiJ'#5 ~. '§folL 6T~~6Oil~@J. GidiITffi4laDLU ,@ILq.~~@I. a=1iJ4l00aDLU .®@~~, L06tlOr6ro6OOr .as @<$]~~~. ~6OTIJru 6l5I(BUL c!:plIj-UJ6l5Iru6ID6U. CllCl'IJrrti>@I CEuIJuJu u(B~~ i5)5lLL~.

LOJ!)J!liIJcir L1I6cilr (BiLb UJ IT &D6'OT as@) 4lp5t:;!561T 6lj !1L6OOf 6l.j (]UlJb UUL_L~. UJIT aD 60T cE® Gi~LbLj 6lJ,rt~§ll.b L!J6llirr(blLb o:9i.§)l ~6llT.§)I C8UIJI)ITLL~6ID~$!i §J6lJrliJeflLU§l. o:9i~rD@ 6l5I(bI~6l:D6U efl6IDLffiffi6l5lru6ID6U. <]CffTrrJii@l <]urrWu u(bI$!i@l 6l5lLL~ .

.@uulitC2UJ U6\) jIifTLffiAA @lit6OT. UJfT6(l)6OT cgUrTl)lT(]6lJ~LD (ga=fTrr(B@I (]UIT6lJ~LOfTdi @Q;1j):b~@J. LUfT6ID6N C2cFITrT(B@I .@Q;1jffi@jLiJ (g!lilJrliJffi61i16b .£II~66T a=nl.J5l0060LU (]6lJjpJ dl IT 6bC!)~&@j LOIJ!b!DI 6l5I(bl6lJ IJiT ffim . f,BITL ffisiT ~& ~ ffi UJ rr 6ID6OTu.5166T ~ CB6lJITc!:pLiJ ® 6ID (D (B@I (] U rr 6N:@I. L5l fD@i ,gJ 6l.I iT ffi 6fr ~ ~ 66r di fT·6\) ffi@6'1T <fI !D1 u:J B' rliJ 4l6'151 UJ IT 6\) dlLtq.6lrrfTrrffisiT. UJfT6ID6N &lfo:"!ilf B'Dil<.:El6\SI6tDLU[®@~~.@l. ~£9l !1LQ;ll<$]llJfTdl b§:l®d5~~fTru 6l5lL(bl6l5lLL~. ~Em'ITQ) UJfT6m6OT QP66rY<]UfT6i;J ~CB6lJCfLOrr C!) @@~~®!iJ~fT6i) B'rliJruoo ~W.@l (]urru5I@ffi(§LD.

UJrr6ID6OT 6Tu(]urrG~ru6UITlb ,@I6IDl.O~UJrrCE .®@.ffi4lfD(R~fT, 8!uGUfT@§ 8!~rD@i !1L6ffilTt<5ljLD, ~61JbT6O'Of®Lb GffirT(bJ&ffiUULL6OT.

,® u G U rr @ G ~ so 6U rr Lb 81 ~~ UJ rr6lD 60T 60) lU Gi 6lJ f9J LiJ a; u.51 ,!b (D IT eo ~ rr 66T diL(B4l(DfTrrffi6'iT. 8I)iJ~ffi ffillSl6J6ID!!J iJj6G.l[Ju.S100iJ ~66r.ooUULL ~® Ii'lu51LU @jo'fli'lC2UJrrG LDfTLI£l. 6l5lf]6lJfTrTffi6'iT. UJfT6ID6llT IDfTOO0) ffiLLlJWLL... ffiu.51,!b6ID,CDlLjtb, @io'flf16IDUJILjLD UfTrr~~6l5lLQ1 ,£)JL.JUlIj-(]UJ ~6IDLO~lUfTic€lrul@LD. 8I~ 8I6IDlD~lUfT®LD (]UfTGi~W6UITlb I'L. 600r~LD ~6OOr6OOf ®LD Jku L tb~§l .. 8<

8If"B~ LUIT6l:tl6OT j)uCBurr~ tFrr&a;Gi\) lUfT6ID60TUJrr4l6l5lLL§. !1L6OOTGl1Lo, $D600riiOU!'(]IJfT(], 6l.IfT6ID!,pU UIPLD QffifT(B~_~fT6b .§i.§)l 6lJ6OOfffiCELD C2UfT(Bw, 1.0600n.q. u.Sl(bJw, .@IJ 600r (bi ffifTW ffi6TflW ,[BIrD(§w.

l

~LBbbQLOfTb6Iu.5J66r Q~fTW6tDLD 6TWWJ ~~66r 6l.IIJ6\)fTrD6IDrn(gpsfTdi@)1.I~L~@I psmb Is§)IJ6llirr(b1 6l.I6mcou5\iD\) lSlrtldico6Dmn.

~6ti)6lJ: 1 ) 2)

~u5lbii ffiJ61TrT,rr,~ esrrsoio ~u5lkb~6fTfi:,rr,~ $fTfiJ\)LO

®LOrfi lJifTLt.q.6D Q:~:irT66T~lU!2iLJ51kbQLOfT~ o$l, (loP, 10;000 (IoP!2i60 100 6lJ6<D1J CDl8'LoiiIDLO llJ rr di 6lJ 61TrT ffi$uU L L@, QIflU llj ~Lil !lL",iIDIJ jJ)6IDL llj LOfT 6llT ~lUrbrnLfl(8bD fTffi ,@6ID8'ffi$6ll)6U6IDlUIl.jLD j:5fTLdiffi $6ID€06IDlUILjLB ilLL60r <8<'frTlii.®J ~Ltl6mbO (IoP1ii!"JLi'JbDITm 6lJ61TrT:;t~ 6l.I,rr,.®J6f'r61TW rT ~ill~uLjIJ 6l.lGUrT, .@6lD8'li..jLo j:5fTL $QPw CDlLDIT!ti6IDlUffi CE!DL.SlUU~@)fw, QLDITbtlu.5J6fu- CDl,8'ill6tDLD6tDlUl!i; arTuu$§2Iib !2i.6ID6UWITW u!liJ® 6lJffiI:»!25ITGb !2i ill bO U Lj 6\) 6l.I rT co 6iT al6lJ.JD 6tD rn § 6ID 8' ii !25 Lflbb 6T 6iIT [)l Li:J ps ITL a; ~ !2i u5I bb 6T6Or g)J tb ~p:lulSl;2i!2i6l)TrT. ~wrb!DuSI\p $!Dp:l6IJrTffi@ ilLrtlll.l!25ITffi6ljLo r:oITLffi~!"JL61\p LD$[9JlD @6tD8'4J;'DLllbb ffi6D6'0IT;'D UITLDIJ LDffiffi@!idi@ ~rAlU60H:ilJiTffi6l.Jlo GUfT!D!DUULL6OT,

c®6IDCFd;ffi@6'06IDlU 6lJ61TrT~;'D UIT61lUf®liJ, PSITL$8;ffi®606ID1U 6lJ6I1Tr~w 8ilL~;'D@lo wrTI.b u rfi&rr ffiU Qu JD,!D 1LJ rr6lD6llTffi6f'r , <]!2irTdi6f'r Lll<]!2i!D1 u 6U &6D Q;'DIT6lD6\)~@,lI6fr61T ~L61bb @l'rT$@5ffiQa;iu611rrLilGi8'6fu[pJ !2iuSl6IDl,Ou (gu6tilil 6lJ61TrT~!2i6'OTrT.

{bli9Ij.> @tfd;!b t'bIHUU..

@jLDrt1 (IoP!25eJ afT6fuLBrT 6lI6tDIJ if®lb #lr:oULjLD Qurbw ubO(5~r;rIT6l5IL QLDrr~lUrr ffi0l.(lD ~C]IJ GlLOITb61lUfTdi6l_jLD ~dilPrt~ ~L6lbbQLDfT~ 1fl,rr,,@J Q6ll6'ff\u5\66"r (]LDJDU®~u.5J6b (]6lJ!2iffiIT'G\) ~rt1lLJQlmr\tl ~6ID6\)ffifTLt.q.lLJ C]UfT&9l ,§iuLj~lLJ QLDITbtlll.jLW Q;'DfTLrTLj GJki;fT6!trq~J. t.516fu61:lTrT §JIJIT6OilfllUrT, LOrliJ(]ffilTwhurT ffi60U[JIT6b(]LD~ib uru - LDIT!biDLb QUrD!D§J 6T 66"r o$l66"rUJ WrT !2Ju5Ibb ~w 6lJIT61TrT ffi6f'r ,

~JiJ~UJfT <!:p(W6lJ,@JLD ~® ffiIT611~!2i~6b ;'DuSlbb ~66T(]UJ C]util 6lJITtb,C5!25 ;'DL61bCl6m1b QF6IDUJuulrf' ~u5I6ID),D 6lJ61TrT&CEfT;'D;'DITGD ~rt1Lj ,§i6lDL,C5§J 6l5lLL,@J 6T6IiT&66rUJ6OTrT 6lJIJrufTftJ[pJ ~W6i5l6OTrT, aI<iiiJrTffiW 8ilL!Pl@j~lTl3l.iw:·

- 3 ,500~6OOrG&@9ffi@i Q:P66:r 1¥l,!'5§;1 Q6lJ6IflWffiffi6Tr (gucf1UJ ~LBbb (g6lJ~ffirT6D a:LD6iDIfl@~ 9)6\)UU'TGi) 6IDua:rT a: L5llJrT 4l®~LDfT Ifl6l5lLL§l.

- 3000 ~6ObTCBffi@!iffi@i Q:P6Or 6lJLj]ifTGI (Yl@6lJ~L.O (gUIHJULL ~u51bb LDrlil(gffirr6151lU §llJfT6t1fllu ~rr ffi@j~6\)rrGi) L.51r:rlTcfl®~ UIT6'6l QLDfT~ffiWfTffi $lrAP,§;I 6l5lLL§;I (sr.esrr) 61.11:5.1 ffi lT6ITlD, '8>rf1a:rr.

- 1500 ~6ObrCBffi@!iffi@j Q:P6bT a:l.06iDcfl®~(Yltb L5llJlTcfl®~(YlLD (g8'n-!t@J ~rTffidJUJ:1irr6\) :1iu5lbbQLDfT~ Gl~§2IrliJ@i, LDlJfT~~, @i2:£lJrr~$l 6T6OTuL5lrA!t§l 6l5lLL§l.

- 800 ~6ObTG;1ffi@!iffi@ (Yl6Or~6l5l1J B'l.04ifudJ®:1i ~fT.$@i:1i0l)rr6\) ~LB~GllDfTt,Cl L06(D6DUJfT6ITLDIT& 6l5lLL@J 6T6OT 6lJ6IDIJu.51L(biffi 8in.{9lIfl66T.Q)6OTrf.

_@UUl>j.lUlTffi$1; ~t.abbGwfT~ 1fI@I~:1icg~ITG;lLDLGwGi)6I)fTlnGi) :1iill!,p6OT(YlL.O 1fI@I~§l6l5lLL§l 6T6OT 81.o51~yTffi6'1TlTGi) <Bll.o51UJuuGcf:liJ)§l·

~u5l60GlLOrr~u.5l66T 6liJ)uy 6T@JL.O (gUfT~ !.9LD~ B'r!t6ID~ffi@ 6lJ@6lJ§l ~60ci;ffi6ffilT IDfT 60fT 60T Q:1i1T 6\) ffi IT U L5l UJ (] LD ~ @iLD. _@~~u'i~ !§iT 6\) ~ rr 66T ~ 6\) cf:l (g 60 (g UJ Q:P ~6\) _@6Dffiffi6O"OT @T60fTffiU (]UfT(biJ)UULG~ ~t1l@ffi@,* cfl.Q)uyli' (gB'n-ffi41.Q)~.

~u5lbb GiLDfT~u.5161iT 6l5l6ID6OT &GllffTWffi6Tr eyJw@I ffi fT6'O~6ID:1i IDITLG;16lJ.@I (]UfT S0 (]6lJf!)J 6Tp,~ QLDITbl'lffi61fl§2lLD 81~j'Zi6tD&UJ cFliJ)uy cfl6IDLWfT§I 6T6ITr!!)J GWfT\p ~uJ6lJfT61TrTffi6iT 8in.IDJ 1fl6Or.Q)6aTTf.

2

~L.6IbbGiLDIT~u5l6UT Gimrco\.) 6lJ61TLo ~61TUU(l511lJ GiIf@6IDLD QUrD!I)~. ~iliJctl6D~~6i:l RUN 6T@lLo Gi8'lTco\.) 90 Qurr®6IT5>6!flco\.) ~61TuU(bi6lJ6ID~ILjLo IfLD6fuctl®~ COlLDfTb61u..Jlco\.) "(gUfT" 6T@JLo 6ll16ID6OTuCOlufT®6IT 126 COl8'fT.!bdisrftGD GiUfT@jLffi6IT 5>ITL(i;l6l.J6ID~ILjLh 6T(i;l~~& &L.Q;)ILo ~tiJ6lJlT61TrT5>m ~LB~ru "~l1j." 6l@lLo GlffTru 140 GUIT®6ira;6!ft6i) ~6lTUU(bi6lJ6ID~ILjLo "c9IIrA" 6T@JLo COl8'ITW 180 QUrT(1Ji6ITffi6lfl@lLo ~61TuU(bi6lJ6ID~ILjLD 6T(bi::1i@lffi CIill.p5I QU(l]6IDLDU(biLD COlufT@.§J ~$!i6UT GilffTru 6lJ6lTLD LjrA&!D~co\.)6\l6lJfT!

(6T.mIT.) CEu®(D~ - Bus.

Q~fT6ID~CEul1l - Telephone.

$!i6Of1~$!iL.61 b6l so 6lJ61Trt)ii@l 6lJ®LD c9II~6TIl1lJ6\) ffi6ID rWtf COI8'fT.!bffi6lD61T COl6lJ@ 6T 6!ft ~fT ffi u u6lDLffiffi (I:fll.q.ctl!D~'

~ 60T IT so $!i rD,HDIlJ io ~p516ll11lJ W, COl $!iff 1P 6I5I1lJ 6D ~6lD!D u..Jl6D ~LB bb tf COl If IT .!b ffiGIT @6lDDJ6l.1d;@i::1i $!iu51bbCOlLDITb6lu.5l6Ur 41p)uLjffi @i6ro!D&J ffiITI)6OOTLDco\.)6\l, LDIT!DfTffi ~rD!D~$!lLBbb ~Lj6ll\lTrTffi6IT @6ID!I)C26lJ diITI)6OOTLo 6T6UTuf9J COl$!i6IT61T~ COl~6Ifl6lJIT6OT @_6OOr6lDLD.

@~)lj6lD5>1lJ u6D ~!Duydi6lD61T~ ~L.6IkbCOlLOIT~ COla;fT6OOrG;lm61T$!iITW )ljrr(]6OTrrl 6T6UT6NC261.JrT! urrl)~llJrrrt, um)~~IT8'6UT CEu1T6UrCE!DrrrT )ljuSlbbCOlLOITIJ.'l CEUffGD ~6tJf11lJ Gl.OITbB c€l6ro L UJ IT Q )lj 6UT /pJlD , u ~ LB @& @ ~ (Yl COl ~ 6UT [pJ C2 U IT II 6T 6fu IPl Lo (Yl6lD !D cg UJ U rrl!).1Lj 6ITSlTTrIT dim.

6lJL QLOrr~ u.5lco\.) LO ):ii~1) LD COlCF IT 60T 6NIT so c£)i~ .(§6ro!I) 6lJ 6ro6OT ff. CE 8' ® io. )ljuSl ~w 6lJbOUrTLrT.!bp5l6OTrTro c9II~ §6ID!D6lJ6ro6N p;LouSlLLo Q5>rT6OOTIT):ii~CBlfrtffi@iLo 6T6lITjpl QlflTrDGiUrT~ 6lJ rT61TIT ~®6lJ rr If ffiL0600fl CIill.p511l..j 6IT 61TlTrT.

6T6OT(g6lJ 2....~ffi GiLOfTkCl5>6lfl6D $!itllbbQLDrrbL'l u6DCE6lJ.Q;)I 1fI!I)ULjdi6ro61TU GiU!DIDJ::1i ~5>bb6lJ~ ffimG P;IT(l:PLo QUQJi6roLD Giam6IT61T6DITLo. ~6tJf1)ljL.6lbDGIPim-[pJ Gi1fIT6D6lJ~@JLD ~6lD6\) @i.llrt(D~ @.!bCBUITLD ~@di!

3

@65;$1IlJ~ ~61D6OOrci;856D'iJrL~~tb@Lb, @WgJJ w(260.#1llJrr 6TW!D61DlPci;85UU(j)Jt:b w60rrllJrr6lJlJD®tb !E6D'iJrL 851T6\) 6l..J1T61JI5flU!bQ~rrLrf @®65~~IT85 QtDt»f)6l..JIT6lJT 6l..JlJ6DlTtDgJJff 8'1T611rgJJ856ir L61T. [®~G~ITLr'n.-/ @61DLu.5J6D 6l5ICElUL(bJU(2UIT66T~. <$u.5J@1w 19<$w t;9JTtDjDlT61YJr146D ~rEuO(26\)llJrfi$t»f)6i:; 6l.J@61Ddi<!5@jU t..5I611r6Nrf @~G~rrLrtLj u56lJtr(bJtb (26l.JiJ)J ~@ (2di1T6OOr ~~6D G~ITL ffiJ$lIlJ~. ( c:$6D'iJrLrr66T ITtU 6l..J65~6l.J611r ~tq. 6IDWllJlTtU ~61D~di@J 6l.IlJUULLIr6l5r)

~u5lbbci856D6l5J 1816 c:$w ~6OOrCEld;@j (YJ6l5r(2u Q~ITLri.J$l6l5iLL~tD85lT6()T e:rr6N[J)J ~u5liP (gf95615fiW G8'tiJ~llJrr 0$ Q6l..J61f)(JjlL UUL (£;6ir61T§I. (YJw.#I ~U~606Drr (1 796 -1854) ~u5I!pffiffi6i:;6l5J61D1lJ W6OOr6D !lJ§I 6T@{B u(,DfflUJ~rr85 ~6lJ(21J @a5JuL5I(EJc€lwlDrrrt.

"Ayah saya menghanlar kepada Quru Tamil untuk be/ajar Bahasa yang diketahui sebagai Tamil Nenek moyang kami di Me/aka menghantClr anak berkasla linggi untuk be/ajar. Bahasa inj berguna untuk urusan Perniagaan dalam hal menambah dan menolak wang dan perkiraan am. Oahu/u di Me/aka terdapat ramai pedagang Tamil. Kesemua mereka menghantar anak mereka untuk be/ajar Tami/"

(YJW IfI atu§l6i:;6D1T 6lJl6lir @ffi8isLJD[J)J ¢l6lJbr 6ID6llUT U u6ir 6ffJBi6ir 1 8 0 0 e:;6lf)6i) (2~1T wJJ5i 6l5lLL~!bdilT6OT 8'rr61ir!Drr@l.O.

G~rrGil6lJfTli.J8; ®l.q..C2UJJDlDu u®{Bu5Iw (Starits Settlement) wrr[9ruwrr6OT i..5Imrrrf-.6J$l6i) 1816· §;)6i:; Dlrfiffil8OL.6i:; (Free School) 6TW{Il QUllJrfi6D jiWLlflffiJoo urr¢lrfillJlTlJrr6i:; (Rev. R. Hutchings) <$ri.J.$I6Duu6ir6ffJ JtlgJJ6l..JUULL~. _(26)) f9ITLLq-66r 0P~6i) ~uSl1Puu6ir6lflIlJrr85ffi di@~uu(j)J.$I66r{Il§l, Q~rrLrf65§1 (2~ITLL (YJ~61Xr6ffJLDlTrfdi61TlT@tb, ~Lfl!p $l¢l6iu§l6l.l IT6lDU, 6l5i(g6l.JdilT6!lT[i;~1T ~lfIiJwl.O (gUIT6OT{Il 8'WIlJ ITlTrfl-J @lU8;85lliJCJ361TIT@W ~ffiJdilTffiJCBdi ~u5)!,Drfdj6ir 6l..J1T@W U®~dj6ff)6\) ~t.6IiPUU6ir6fflCIi6ir [9[J)J6l.JUULU;?Jr.

Q~ITLrt65§1, (YJ@61DI.OLUIT6!lT ~u5l!puu6ir6fflCIi6ir L516NrrrE@ o·oLilrfl u6ir6fflu516i:; (Penang Free School) cEJblJwL5I!b@ at65~ c:$ooNilj. (g6D(21lJ (YJilj.6l.JJD!D§I' 1975-1976 @6i) (2~ITLLUl...jfD (!,D~6i:; ~Lfl!puu6ir6lf) "Lj@JITGL6iuuNC' (Protesstant). .$Ia516iu§l6l.lrt CIi6lTIT6i:; "Province Wel/esly" 6T&ID @L~:$I6i:; at6IDW$o:$UULL~. ~~6ID6N!b G~ITLrttiJ§I CBw§2Iw y¢/1lJ ~tB!puu6irt»f)dj6ir Jffi!!)J6l.JUULLmr. CBw@liw 1895·1896 @GiJ GI.D~Uf.6iu ~6OOrdj6ir <$i:6Jetlru ~u5lbbuu6ir6ffJ "rflG6l.IGilJ& ~UlJpuDITW" ~6lJrtdi6fTfT6\) ~lJwl.5IffidluULLg,J. @di~61DdiLU U6ir6ffJ856'ff)6i:; ~ffiJ4I6\)W ~LCIil.DlTdj6l.JW . ~u51!p GWfTi,8 ~® UITLl.DlTdi6l.JW CBurr {BdiCIiUUL.L.§l. 1870 (!j1~6i) (2~rrLLU Y{IlrEdit»f)6i), .#IWJ .#I[!)J ~tf)!puu6ir6ffldj6ir ~~(8 ~ITL L ~§I (YJl2i6\)1T 6ffJWlTrt dj mlTGiJ /ffiJl)J6lJUUL U/Jr.

4

1900 .@6D )Vtfly;ffi tffiw6l5lffi@ WfTJ960 ~(J1fr WfT6?Jf/UJw ctJ61DUECEUGiU{bWtl)J· /&]J1)V <$6Dim:q. CB60cgUJ 3 ~ffiJctJ60 ~tflhbuu6fr6'ff1tffi@!jw, Gi{DctJrfltJ.5J6D 1 ~tfl!puu6fr6ifl!1..Jw, ff)60fTr88i5J...rfIW 1 <$ffiJctJ60 - ~tflhbuu6fr6ifl!1..Jw c@l6IDwffiCEUUkL6IJT'. ~J1~ !i96i.JGi6l..JfT® u6!r6IT1lLjw IfrlDmT 200 WrT6lJN6l..JrTCE6ID61Td; Gi$fT6OiJrl!J.@J1~tl)J. G~fTLn-0@J 1912/&]6D c@I!15l(!ptffiuu(ijii~uUL_L "G~fT~60fT6fTrT II'L':"LW" (Kod 8uruh) @ruGi6l..JfT® cg~rrL_Liidft@Jw usinlffluu®6l..J(!p&DLUJ 10ffi®w CBW{bULL WrT6OOI'611rTtffiW .@®UUrTrTCfi6fTfT6ZlTfTW ~@ ~ff)rflUJ@w, UfTL l¥f6DCfi@!jW fs@,d;&UJfT, /&]60r86IDtffi <$.$UJ !DfT(ij$6IT16D @®0@1 6l.J(T6lJ6IDbDt"5CEUULL§J.

1905 ~6OOrL6lTroru 13 ~(JCfrrffiJCEii ~u5Jy;uuw6Tfltffi@!jw 4 ~6?Jf/UJfTn- u6fr6TflCfi@2w, W60fTUJfT 8m_LCb't WfT;§I60r:S.JC£61f}ru (Negeri-negeri Bersekutu) CfirT6OOI'uGiU{bW6lJT'· Gi;:5fTLrfr]§J 1920~w ~6OOrL6iT6l5l6D w(260ff)UJfT6l5l6D IJUUrf (2t5rTLLlEJCE6fr CBwwurr(bl ~&DLtt@J 6l..J®tD (26l..J6ID6'fTu..5l6D, o§I~{btffifT6IJT' @JbdftUJ Gi~rr!p6\)fT6fTrt CE6ITJ6fT' t"5 tffi611®W Giurr®L(j) (2~rrLL (!p~60rr6fflwrrn-0556fr JP)6IDWUJ ~u5lbbuu6fr61f}tffi6W6fT J9[J)J6l5l6lJT'n-.

1 9 1 4 <$ W ~ 60iJr (ij , §J,d; ~ Cf ffiJ 055 W, ~ 6?Jf/ u.J mt C!:P UJ {b .fI a; €iT ~,$) UJ 611 {b n51 6&r c£!p t.5lrflt"5!JWL ff)w 6l5l(26lJ055rr6lJT'Jb~fT ~ u5Jbbuu6'ir6Tf) ;§I1J)I6lJUULL§J. CB)llfTLLljyJDr8 a;6W61T t"5 CfifTLt.q.~W !Da;rTuywu u6fr6ffla;6fr f9W60 ~Lq.UU6IDL 611Cf~$@JL@Jill, @@ffil® (!P6IDjIl055@2L@Jw QCfUJWULG;l 6lJJb~6IJT'. Gi~rTLrTJi;@J 1936fs@6D ~u5ihbuuw6Tfl ~ff)rfIu.JrtCfi@]t"5® uu5J{btFI ULL61DjD0556fr ~!TillL5l$C£UUL_L6IJT'. f9rrG;l 8'r~Jb&lJtb GU!DW L5ljIl@j QCfUJ6DfT&C£W Giu{bw a;6\)ro (!fl61D(D fYJ6&r'1J)I .@6IJT' w$tffiGrfl6ciT ®JDlcil2tffirr@TfTffid; Gia;rr61JiJr Irj:(!9r]~§J.

§l6Cir@COIlJ 0l61D6Uu5Jru (2~lfJlLJU u6'ir6'ff)a;w, C8~ff)l1.J ·<~.wwuu U6'irGrfJCfi6fr, (2~IfJUJ WfT&rfI Q~fTL $tffi #6lJf' w{b[J)Jw ~u5IlPuu6fr GrfItffi6fr ~61D6IJT' iittJ§l/ ill !Dill @[1&UJ WfT6Wr 611rf a;6fr uu..5lroD$l6&rCOfTn- a;6fr. 1980 GJ~rrL$$~&6\) (2~5iUJ w{b[J)Jw CBtD5I1lJ ~!TLbuu u6fr6'ff1u..5l6b 52 % .@J1&IlJ8> ®!PJb61D>lla;6IT G$lifTL8>a;t"5 Cfiru6l5l61DUJi> G$lifTLffilctJ6IJT'rT. $LtB~ u~~rr61JiJrGa;6'lfl6b ,@~Gi$lirr6!Dc£ u14uuI!j-UJrr$c$ @6!D{1JtB§J, wiflbbi> G1WfTLt"5CfiU uw6Tf!tffi@!jt"5®& GiCfroD.@)JW U16Tr6O)@TCE6Tf)6&r G~fT6ID$ c@I~$rfI~~@I. 1994~w ~6OOr14ru y6Tr6rflroU(JuuLq. 55% ro@d;Cfirr(jjl ,@Jb&UJd; ®!P)]6roWC66fr ~tflbbuu6'ir6fflffi@1i= GiCfructJ6&rjD6ZlTrT .

5

B'rTi51ITfl)J$6Tr ;

1) Danapaul Saveri Dass 'Tamil Education in West M'sia and Singapore 1860-1970" Tesis Sarjana Pendidikan (M.ED)." U,M, 1972,

mrriBrulliJllldr udrrsrFIa;6ir @51P1ii6ID)\'ja;6ir <$&lrflUJrt a;6ir 6JJ@5L1lja;6ir
<2UlJffc6 140 19,590 1,334 916
IfirorrlliJa;,.rt 98 27,857 1.598 954
UIliITIiJ 36 4,403 306 218
cfl6lTliitDrr6i1r 1 41 5 6
<2~fTa;;,_1t 70 11,382 796 571
Gia;Lrr 58 10,447 619 429
LD6lJIT a,a;rr 21 2,901 225 144
GI,re, Q8'tbJirofT60 61 10,279 667 440
Ulwrrlli.J@j 28 S,Q70 334 197
Gurt~6)\) 1 76 B 6
~1J1li.Ja;fT@/
e;,,_. U)V&~8'tb 15 2,861 190 109
8'Uff
IfIJ6JJrrffi
GimlT~~tb 530 94,907 6,092 3,990
:J;&-. ¢/ " 6

; fo ~ 6).g-~\.l@J';~ lOfT!) ~~I@.

SDuSllPu6IT 6fftffi6IT LD!D!PlLb ~6U)6l.l a:rnh-j6IDL UJ ~ tiJ 611 .s61fl1Oi:l 416'0

1972

1943

a;1T6IJ6llfJIf,fl)J6lJ (2f1jITLLUyfDU uw6ffia;w OTLa;rrrr ~"fTlb8'dr Americ~n Joumal of SocioloQY

1947

1968

1969

1970

1970

LDwmurr6ll1.tl a;w6ll1 Qa;rrwowa;a;w 1Jj..!lI-. rJ8'6D"'!l6"rJ.Jrr·

1964

!i5u'lJi;Juu6!r6lf)a;6If)00 .@6OJ6IJ6IDtD - Q~ITL!t1E ~1iJ6lj "'_LLIJ",,,,6iJ6ll1~~l!;ffrfl

1973

1967

LD6IJ1T1U1T6liI.tl o$.tl.,)) 6lJlTuJuy!to$6If)oiJ UlTo6I6OTU Urr®UITGIE6!r

""'Sl100 QI"rrri" Lrr~<illlToi>

iOtflbi> Qwrrt,B C!ioiJ.6liIuSi.m- 6lJ61TIT tid) (1900-1941) ~1J"lPfflJJtflLDrrOll1lflffi"w

worllf!)orlI Li>rilro L-IUil'/iif!) Iftb{1imwlb IbIllliJJ@rJI~i>!fIJ .!)fmlb rumil'uul3f!) IbroOlfiaJl6U aJljIJ tblhWIJ@Wo

1969

W6IJITIUJT~ .®fii¢lI11rT a;w <B". ereo. ".wr(iJ

tD6IJrrlUlT

.@fii~IUITa;6If)6!ir

1f@1E 8IlJdlUJro

!1l6ID6IJ 1920-1941 8IwU6\J611ff_rr. [JITCl!Ji!.ro611rfl

1970

LDOUITlU1T6liIru GiillITLLffiJlDorfJ00 Q!i56Ur601lfiiIf,lUJIT 1D6ir

~. <Bffi. G!Ji!i!.ll6lir

1970

tD(861J1IluJ1T. 8lulut.ul,hr&i> L6Tr61T @Jt¢lUJri-a;Gir 1980

~1J8'V,ii>'i!6OTW. IIIwOJI'uulT

I,htfly$O"/T 8ioiJoulT!i56lJrtJ6lir IEru6l5l (8~IT,,1il d)6OJ00

(IJlffilDL ffi~IJITW ~~ ~ug;Jro 8'rurrW 1981

{jitflll;JfTIDGTfl&h" @5lPfii61Jl!i514!i.l - u6IJQtDrr!,Bd;

a;.u6l5lu.jw 1 9 B 1

6T~. 6TLb. Qun-6W6ro6IJnUfT

1970

lD6IJITUJ1T6l5IoiJ @,!i;If,IUJIT<E6If).m- ®1Jj.(8lLJibwlb 1981

1786-1957

UJQlrulll1JJ If@o;",-~ro "'lWmUlilll "IPffitD

1970

U"I-$If> Q,I1iIT/,Iloum;rfiIE6If)w t51W61Jl61T<E6ir - 1984

(8,:vITLLULjiD Wd><561f)6Ur o$.tl6ll1u.l1(8O\l

LjlJL#l6llJ1U LmLITd;<5@1tb

1lI. ",uelllJtD61lOfILUtfl 1986

1971

C8::liITLU~Y!DIb., o$w6ll1. tf@8j 6lJorrri",,1fl -

urtJIf6IJ61D61)T 1]!U01:D6lJ 1987

GwtlJJ6iJ GUW!lI-GiLffi"rr6lir. Vol 2.

7

@6UrlDlTtD 1fL_6IJa; QI;'liITLLUY!D GUIT([li6ffIT::01T[T 6lJ6rrrTUIil (§&ir,IDoiJ :

Gli1iITLIT ti#lllJrrOOT 6lJJPl6<Dl1l <8U&G'lurrri"L ~ . .,.Gil.

1972

(8wib® l1l(8<i\J1fI1lJ1T - o'lnl"bUl,brfloiJ ,:vtfllPd;a;ro6lil 1860-1970

~Il"OO "t. 6TOO,

U6irWlOOJUJ6ll1LG "))6IJIilILJ6lJIT<E6ir urbiDlLJ 8I~Iii61Jlo$ (@""" @<8(Tm,J ~IiljL GiI~<8U~ITL 6T611rUrrrr.sGir.

(!jllJrrL ell";' (IJlffitDL QI)OITIT 156iJ6llI ~6llll!l"'"

1975

w(8roo'lllJlT.,))oiJ WIDIS<EUuLL m601l¢<E6ir_ Q!i56Ur601lj]~1LI G8,:vrrLL~ Gi1ifT!P61lIT61T1T Qll$rrQl6llLL~ oroOr. G8I.

1975 t51r1l6>J!l!LDIDIT61)T .,))6lil!i5I36IT 7 W6IlITIlJ1T6liIror IEw6ll1<i; Qa;rrw6IDII> 1879-1950 Qlrurr. 1lI6T11u \,1," Gu';'.

1975 ~tfI!p @OWOlT@jITID6If)6Ur

15 6U 6liI 6T 600r 600f 6lJ61TITuo'lUJlToiJ nflLG !®!P.@61Doro<56lfl.m- !i51Td;a;tb wrrrfl(!p§;ilJi !li'

1978

GIIJITl_-_Ld; Q;'lirr!P6IJlTorfJi.6ffi.m-

u600rurrGtb u.''''rL/a;~w """ru, §)6ID!iTT(!l]jrr o&ilD<!nLJrrL@4; §T""lD ~""1D1i1Fc

1979

a;wO>5i14tD ~ITLG Qlffirr#8lu.itb - uro @6Of !i'@l:l\rTlU.di¢lw "miJ, (1I!ilJ)Ir61ir 8'rrlilr

IlU<EwU LD(8rolflllJrr6'3oiJ <5.u6ll1 L([li6lJITd;<E(l,DtD ~6IDtbuL/ (I!l6IDlDlLjtb .5>/."""d>ilJi6OO> "f!i'ffi6ll1tuoi> ®IJJM IDrrg;lT(iJ. G'luriloo.

(8!i5ITLLUYID @j]~ILJIT<EGTfl6IDL&1LJ ~@ o$ro6l5i ~tLJ6lj. <BuolllJJro,G'l2J3 Vtfl~~(T1T

pitflIPuuw6lf)a;6lfl66r t51VIfIf6ID6llfa;6ir 1IJ6trl'lIUW GJi"D(TIT6ilQ) 61 • .,.""'" 271

QI:l\ITLLLD4 ... Gir - 1f@<E GUIT@61TITi1irrrr ~tLJ"1If@1D GUfT®6TI'rr~rr(T ~riJQj ~"'''''lJJtfl UllJiOl1lIT .@rumbrr

u.rr6rl1di@5 Q8'W6llfl)J ~@ (l,DL(!)dia;L6IDL 6ID8'R 1L<88''';' ~~

WIE<EW 6lJ6ITlTud1lLjw a;w6l5l CEwlbulTQlIb IPrrL"f'"' ~tU",! - 1ll1ii1iltu J!jIf(i)ffi6IT./t'l,l@lJJmfffi

$litflbbuuw6ffilD6/r : t51[Jlilf6ID6<ITIE~W 6lJlTuJuy<E®tb

wrrrfl(!pfilM - !lI-.

l..Cl (] GIl 5llLlrr 6lil Gil ~ uSI!:p CDl ~ tt L rT.ffi~ QI rr!:p GlJ tD,tiJ@j C!Jl8; $IlLll..Cl1T ~ Q; tt (T GWIliJ e; W tt e; 6l.llii1TIliJ@GlJ~ ftjuSl!;buuGir6'lfla;wlT@jw. 1816~w ~~r.q..Gil Ulmmlil@j "urfl" uGir6'lflu5lGiJ CDl,§)rrLIliJ.$llLl@ $uSliPuuli'irWl GlJ(TGIlrr.i!JJ. CDl$rrGTrWrruJ)!J"8;a;GW8;.$lGil fil®.ffi$ $uSl/puuGfr<iilfle;GTr \ilw.I!)J 529 uWW!Q;WITQ; ilLWIl/IT~. !il$,m~ILJITGlJ~ a;lTuurr,tiJ.rorr@lLLrrGil }1>m.b ,S!iuSlmIP !iIP.ffi~ ..u1(6j(]GlJrrw.

~JDfJ~ mJ§ti;{bj GWJ®W

,Sb!.&/puuGTr6'lfla;w ~Gil6llfT~LLrrGiJ ,Sbu51/p CDlLDIT/pmlU UIUW u®,§,SbaG'UlTrflm GT~~8;mQ; @m,ID,dJ~ Ga;fT~(]L (]UfT(§w. y~lLl ,SbmGllC!Jlm.rou5)~rT ~.ffi$ j!iITLllj-Gil ,Sbu5l/pCDlwrr!;6l GTw.ro ~W,(!lI ~®,dJ,§~ GTffl.i!JJ 8'rf1tt~[T ~GilIli<iilflGil G'Urru5lGllrra;(]QI ~,dJ@ CDla;rrww (]GlJ~llj-GlJ®ili. iIL$rr!T~ili CDlwlTfi"#lILJGU.

If'JDUJW 6lf .!UffJl UJ IIDLUJW

,Sbu5l!:l> ullj-uu.~~rrGil WL@Gw ~u5l/pGiJ ilLWIl/IT 8'LDlLl JWGildimwu ur.q..,st~~!T C!Jlll/-lL/ili. ~®C!Jlm.roffiw. 8'l..Cl1U .J;WGUQ;W UGllQjw $uSl1JIGil ilLW6lT~. t!)u5l/p !iGiJGIlIT@l~Lrr..u }1>tb 8'WUl.§~m IILGi5rmLD,st $.§@GlJr5Je;mll/lT • .ffi~ CDlffimiTTw (!::Illl/-lUfTWGU GumuGill(j;lili. @,§)rnrrGiJ ,f!iw8'wUJJi>~fio ~®.ffi~ LD,!D,iD5" 8'LDlLJfofoJID® ®ll/-y®(JGlJrrrf),ffi GT~mf)8;rDIDa; u6Ilwrra; Qlll/ITrT805lUJmLll..jw.

U6WUfT([)!, &lIDro, 8)rofTcf(ffT1JW, WIIDJDIlJW

$u5lfPrT 8'C!Jl$fTIL1W u~urr®, ffirDIDGIl, e;GlJIT 5"8'rr(Tlil urrrrwurf/1lJIl, G<$rr~L G'id'tbmwlUrrlffi d'(!pt!)rrUJl.DIT@w. ,Sbu5i!:puuw'iiTfla;Gir,Sbrrm ~.ffi,f!ifTLll/-6lJ u~urr®, e;rDIDGIJ, a;'il.Jrr5"8'rr[Tw (Jurr,ffi,IDGlJ,IDrDID,ID IIL,tiJU,stti) G'i8'uJll..jili CDl,§rr/p,ID8'lTrDIDGIlUlfTe; ilLGTrW@. /DuSI/puuGir<iilf!e;Gir @GU6IlrrGillLLITGU ~.ffi$lUJu u~urrLmL GILJ ,f!iw u~urr(6i GTIffi ®mwUJ tDmGlJ(!pm.ro;;o;Gir ,f!iW~d;Gli);;o; G;;o;/T!.m(6i~~vJv R'@u(6iG'U/Dw eyJGlJW }1>w u~urrLmLu L{ID8;S;mf)UUrT •

~.u9.w [bJJGro([;a:.m-, rufJ[1/WfT{b 8'~JI~O)thm- rumffiliJ!J}tbibJ GUfT®W.

,[Iiw /lirr.LLlj-fio tDu5J/p ,f!irrG6lT(hlIliGTr, 8'r.§.#lmllia;Gir w,liJg)Jw G'UITGIffiIT@) (Jufftm,rorDIDGlJ /Du5IiP LDGW/bmtDu u!J"uU!4 Ga;rr~llj-®8;$lw.IDrn. Vl® Gl..ClITt6luJ)6lJ /lj1T(J6lT@ GlJ[JITGillLLITGU d/,dJ/D ,f!irrLll/-w ~.ffi$ G'iwrr!;6l d/~Ih UIUWUITl.":'Llj-Gil \ilGilml@l GTmuGt!) GUfT®6lTrr@jw.

8

.,JPf~,§} 6lImcnu5l~ W(]~J)IU ,!DmrrUW, ,§}W!J:I(],!Dd'W, 6lI1TD'" LOfT,§} (i),§bbcnroir ~niJ@i GGlJrorf)Qj~t51 G'!cnlTmrrLll-®ai.$lw,IDGlSf. ~6lIjbm,ID 6lIrrniJ.$Iu uLll-uu6llrTd>roir ,§t..61/pu uw6rl1uS!~ ~®Ib~ lJll~tI> wrrGmGlJrTa;(]GTT.

@iruftdjUJ m!Rlf#

J),[lld>m,§ GftjfT@)uLj, !Drr6ll~ (]urrw,IDm6ll wa;ai @m,lDIb,§jGTTGl5)(]GIJ !Df.D~ !!iITLLlI-IOiJ COl6llG'ffluS!LUUL@ 1Jll®.$lW,lDW. ,§u5!iPuuG'ir6rl1o$roir ri®ai@jw(]urr(]tli @.ffi.ffilmGIJ 1OT,wj~ tliw/puulOir6rl1o$roir (i)~GlJfTi!iUlLLIT~ •••.•. 7

611 IT Q 6lIJ If 619 mfJJff tP

Ilirrjb)D1W6lI1Pl ,s1)wiP LOGmLo U(JWLjLo umflmIU ul]GIJ.{)IU 6lIlTGrnrri15l ~ 24 lDmf) a!!i~Lo COl 8' 1iJ~6lI ® .$ljD@I. ,§ u5)bb 6lIrrG'! rnrr Iiil5Im IUd; (] a; L@jW (]!!i IUrT a; GYf)w lOT mrr mfl ai m 8i ~,$lo$Loffirrw. ,s1)WJiPuuwGYf)a;G'ir [i~tli !!iITLLlI-~ ri~m~GlL1w,IDfT~ ,s1)u5!IP 6lI1TCOlrn1T6I5ld; (]o$LU6llrT o$GYf)w 6Tmrmilaima; Gl'i!p <f.{)lUmL ILJln.

fLUJrf&rolililib lJiaLlM&5JiI.ru ~WW iIJrJSM

til W u @I ~ .fJ rfllUrT u uS/Ji>.fJ Ii; a; ~ ~T rflo$ GYf) ~ ffi uS)!p u Ul rfl Gl.j .L G'ir GTT .§I. w GIJ rr IU IT ulOiJllim~.$o$IPo$,siJ,$l1OiJ (]cnrr. 8'lTlTniJo$urrmflu5lm- (!JlfLJ,!iJJ!u.S1wrrlOiJ ~fhUJf.DfTrn ,§}w!p,siJ~m,ID .$GlJr5Jd>mlT ~w4o$fTlli$ Jio$iPw~ COl8irrmr~®44J,lD@I. ffiuS'i/:puuw6rl18iW rilOiJlrnGIJlUrru5lmli)m6lllLJw o$rrGIJu(]urr 4.$l6i,) ~b6l!i>~(]urruJruJ(ElLo.

If@&ib~~ rD&1R1l1&m rD~6l)@·~SMIh

6TGltb~4o$fTl_:_LfTlli fhtbaUfT~ {DLO@J 8'(!JltlifTlU,siJj;1rdr @9 C!:P®cnm COlCFWLrT (]UfTm-a,IDfTrT UllT ,siJ,#]fLJ8i ,§}uS'iiP 6lI@jULj$diGir ,§jwIPuuwG'ffl QJGTTfT diliJa;~ !!imL COlu,d:lroJ QJ®.$lm,IDGlSf. ,§juSlbbuuwGYf)a;G'ir [i~GlJIT~L.Lrr~ li)ffiw(yl~ln ,!DfTW J1mLlLflo ulUmrn riIP!i>@i aUfTuJ ruJ(bl(]6lIfTw.

If@& Qlfrribtf» Jij!iflJID

ffi u5! IPuuGir 6ffIo$ w !D us ~ 8'e!jl.g;.# G8'1T ,§.§IT@iw. riffi.IDo$ rr a; 8'e!jl.g;w u~ su L. 8' Lo COl6llG'irG'fflllimGTT ,ffim-Ga;rrmLlUfTd> 6lIIPn.ir.$lILJWGTTt5I. [imILJLo 6lI!;pniJ.g;Gl.jLo LWGTT@J. 200 uS'i~@)lUm G6lIGirG'ffl ursirGrfl IilmGmd; diLLLliJo$GTTrr.g;,.(W~ ,ffilmGIJILJIliId>GTTrra;, ftjGTTlJllfTLU COlUfT®LIliGTTlTcn, cnrmflmlliGTTfT8i W.ID.lPJLo UrflCFr8ilOfTfTffi )DLo ,§juS'iiPuuwGYf)o$G'ffl6i,) Ljm,s1)~@ .$lL$.$lm/DGlSf. ffiuSi,;uuGlrGYf)diW rilOiJmlOllGlLJm~ [iuULll-GlLJfT® f.DfTmlLJr5Jo$@jLo, til@.$.;rn.@ffi@jLo ri~~rrf.D6i,) (JUITIiJi!iUl@Lo.

9

8'@{b!bfB~ ~~Ji6lf .!JIJiUJID

tDJ..6i IP ~ 6m rT Qj, tD ~ /:pIT 8' e!P,ffi ~!il~ ~ omr IT(Q)Jdi <@!Ij.$ @) ~ IOiu ~ GllfTiJ Chn ,!!i~IPUUm-Wl8n.LlliJ,ffi6fr ffifTLD. ~Gll)bp5J~ tDfTm- ffi~!pGL1lfT!Pl ,!!i~IP8;8l~..wUJfT4J @,w.Q)l GllmiJ ~J..6JW LDGrn"LD UiJUU! ..w@4JJD~. L.6mITmGll WL@W .fLomrITQj8;,ffiQ9..wmUl ~!Pl~tDU!~ filtB/:P~ GT~W tD~LDfT61!TSLmrri-Qj tDmlP.$,ffi t]UfT(:~W t]QJOJI ~Llo !il®8;,ffit]1iilJ (IJlllj-l11fT~. t]Gll~®tofT61!TfT~ ~n.itG$fT~.Q)lLDfTuJ ~n.itGa;fT(rn.Q)lLDfTuJ filu51j:PrTa;6fr GT~W tD~uurr~ ,!!itBW.$$~..wmUJ ~~uyGiJt]UfTlOiJ (]wUJiOtlrTw. tDtB!;i:lGLDrt!PlmUl (IJlUl)bG$rTW4 aUrT~ ~QjGlJUaUrT~ (]a;Lo$~fTW. ~~fil nl1rn~8;@i Go$fT~(Ei GlJ{6~

~L@ mIlLt]LrTGLD~GiJ tliwtBlOiJ GTGlJ®W ~u5I!P~G\JmlOl). - 7' J£)- 6)S-~lJ~ j;~.

§oH!ll filii!! "rrnM jlwU.J

dt)l1fTU iP6lJG\) 6rr~ !ltit&PGwrr~ 1..JU..MIlTu(3i,~Uu..rrU>Q) CBuriJe'l@D. wrrl>~~. (;11)5~~. <Burr.~ §~ Qwrr~ Q~ QJ]rr§.

~~au.:y

!bt&.P Qar~ ~id.mltl~ <BUT~QoaI.ro dfaiI "lTrr~ ~rr~~ ~ &lTW~ ~Q)iIlIT!D6\> <BunlJfiII@b, ~II\tlJD§'I!I!D ilIPuy f;rJDL..J@b. L...Ii!TU~rr5 !b~ Jfl®ui. u6>~ I QJTQama'J ~ <B~. 1Cl!biill..o Lj.~ ~1.UTrf1U..j ~ LDIT.u~ <1UT@ith.

~ulijiJL.lfiIi!i&m 5f1l;T1iIIUlIT5 JIilTGl §i(!9filltu ~ 6000 - ~tb <8tojbUL..L... §iLfij) ~iriiI6YJ lOjbplil ~ ~ 4~~ ~u <Burr@tb.

~tfijULJ6'kriu16rrfr~ L.u.ir ~&m ~lh ~.mrr& §i~ tlil&.j MMrrGiJurrMr'r, lClfT&J.L..L... ~rfIIl,Q1. UTLJ.J LiflQ,f ~, <&f1T~"" ~ ~ filUuq.ll.IT5 c!WSDI'Ir.~ ~tdIP tJlrir~ 4~&6; ~ lClfTtUMr <Burr®:th.

"'~rfta.~pO ~~6lipb ~lBIP ~1LIf6l'lira.si'r. ~t.BWu <Bu;rrnOOu'r~ ~uq. n{)~~w .ld5rr~§ <BUT6UTfr5&i.

6"IIII'<B&I jBlaij> <BflIlIIiIuTlb ~ ~ulJlillfiayLb &ilL.. !bu%P l:l@uL.JI.rrfk. (rJD~ fillTu:..~ u:lI':"~ WTthlffr~~ urrirw <B_@.h.

*

*

*

!ilGllfili ~IfiiJE~ (]urn;U66l~ (]QJlij-8:;66la>U UfTrTUu.§J ~m-fo~,ffieF d'fTrTt!;(]~fT®.9;(§ oml:P@!jom~GU!

*

*

,ffiuSJlPrT $W Ul6IJrT .9;a>fT Gl8'LUj-djW (]urrGil om~!T@.im.ID ,ffiu5J!:p[TfT dj rufTl:R r§lmm- titb6iJ ~l:PdjrT®LDrT •••

ru®r!iJIbJT6IJ £!)Lo d'tiltbt5lu.l16l1TrT-, Ul,JD 8'e!P8; 1O$a>66lrn LDfMI"JE.§J GldjfT~ffii IiiTUUlJf-ILjID (]LDrn66lLDIUJTa> rufTiPt!;tblTGil d'rflliiT'"*rg)!IiiT..w~ iOlJITIP1'fIOW !il®d;a> £!)rTlo iOlJ~·a; cnrTlimT (]GliGiGrL-fTlOrT •••••

*

@ril".!lJI £!)r..D cn,.m cnW ufTfhju~ (]UrTGU !iltilt5l1U1T - ,§iWlIJlri- 6e!Pdj~:$/m-rt LD~mU.9;lhfT[Tri-djmW LDIimTJE~ Gla>rr..w@ ~GfuGUITI1DrTa; 1O,§ilOrr,ID,!DW Gl<ruJ~ Gl6'irr~@ .§/IDcnmGlT GlWGUfT!Y, 1iiT6Mg)! en.p)l4 Gla>I:H;iTGlJ~GU ,§it.61lfiirow rurT!:p (!PUj-ILJWrT .....

.§Irirg)llo ~[T .!iUJGil GlJfT;ilcn6IT .§u5JiP GlJWrT8.;di6l5lGilmGlJ, ~rng)!lo

wWrT4cn1iil1lGU66lGU GlIU~Gil, !il~ILJt1 ruwif4a:;uQurrru:$/GilmGlJ 'DTrn,fDfT6U 'DTrirlffirriOlJ~ ........ ? (]u®4djrTcn §)rn,rrS)[TffilirrmL ltliT,ffilGtl rf:$/UJrrcn <1'lJ,wrrriefl miOlJii~ 6UJLLfTGiJ (]UfT~UlrT ... ! 8'~e; (]8'66liOlJIUfTGl1TTC5iOlf16lT ~LLmfu ,§it6lwu UGirIiirflCli@!lid;@ ai~aUJ !i)ibml>l.lU..JfT .... ,ffiw/,1UU6Tr6lfldilOmiillT ~WfT 441lUGUJtCliW .§t.61bQrT 8'tyJai w<9iaii]:w, i&)6lIf)' ~ffimlffi U[TrrwrfluUtiilJfrdjr;;rrrrQJ~, UfT.§Ja;rrUU6l.lITai®TTTQf$j ~!T41IUGU6lJfT tblcnw~8iLffiilo •. ,ffiniJaiGlTfTib @!UGUrr~ 6TrnUtli,mairT a; 52£ UWGTflffilOm6TT 200/S00 ~4@jGU.§J wtb,mJ!l..:jto, ffiu5166lYJ Vl® ffiLLrTUJU ufTL-L.DfT4@jQJ.§J u.iJ¢llLflo, ~lfiiuu~ u,m,IDllLflo C]UJfT#I,ti;.§Ju (]udTQJm.§ ,ffilg)!;:&:$/4 Qa;fTwGlT (]iOlJ~(~·l!l. ,§u5JiPwu<OirIiirfla;<mGlT ~Ifii,{b~ GUlLLITGU ~Glllt cnW (~[T 4llUGUQlfT t5lcn6fr) (]wmGtluu@ I]GU...wffiiLDfTlffifTGU @jm.ID1U6IJrn1. L.51o- J<rmw aiW I]GU...wG1LDfTlffifTrii\) ~[TGllm1. !!i;bcnTT~u.I1GiJ @'.5@ "iJ,Lb,rrS)4G!cnfT..w@ a;.aiLOrr a; 6lJTTIPGllfTW. ~lffifTGiJ ombP1UJuaUrT'SlJ.§J <re!JJ8ilo. ,§iWlIPri- d'tyJlht1.

11

J]LD~ a=ey:)(£~~6N LDrrQu®ll J1Vffa=6O)W d56'ffiru @®~~ L5/fJ ci= a=6W6?Jf d5 6OJ6fT ct CE6OJ6fTCB 6UlTll,

U6OOrurn- UiT® QIf~E5ITGil <5(8= 1F@l1f.@ 6lJUJ~ 1 O. <8/(tld;@jLDrnq. e;,LIlj.L~~d;@jct, ~r]!,fJ !L W6!T ~® #WrT 1561DLuSlr]ru L5i6!TITOOIltd; IFITLDIT&irco61D6!TaO lfr~fliuu(tl~~OlJ~<8/6lJW~ .9IW!DITL (86lJ6lllru. ~w(ljJib RM10-00 a\l61DLd;@jW. ~(2UfTd;r]1E1T (2~fTLL~~ IFlIDllfliITfil.jd;@ 11 6lJUJ§. fDw~ flillil61Dl5o$61D6TTa\ 1£6lJ6lJflif,§I1f. Q<5fT6tIirr(ij ~L6(!)LU U[JITlDrflUU~ .9IOlJ6rf§ QUIT(9Iulj.

15r]6Wf1F6lli'l6lir QudJGiDfTrT150tb, 8'lliIct;;lifT6l5I6lir QuiDr]!DfTrtdi0tb ~WiDITL Iftbu6!T~tffiiDl'6rr15 ~6lJ6IDru Gld'uJU6lJrtdi6'ir, <8/6lJrTco6rf§J IfWU6!TtD IF_fTUUIT(tl, IL6IDL, (8urrlf.@5OlJ!T~~ §,)uulJj. ~Ilj.UU6IDL~ G;lj61D6lJIli@9a\@jd; &.L GUIT~lDrr611T'fliIT15 .@®UU~6IDru.

1I/3=/f.;$r', 8'lliIct~rr6O)6lJu (8UfTru(86lJ w(2rulflUJ !ID)]~UJrTlli61flGil IfrIOITrT utffi6O)w,[iiflifTu..S1lltb (15,000) @!PLiJ6IDflilli61T u6'ir6Yfl1f.@5 (ilO'GilOlJtffioll6IDru.

<8/LL6lJ6ID6OOT 1 eS@!B@, ~lltbuuu61T61fI.$@5# Qd'oll@lJtb 6lJUJ§6IDLUJ @!ii:5/UJd; @j!PIB6lllflilb61ft61ir 6T6Oi:rr6OOflci.6IDo$6lDUJ a;6tIIli'I$;l5rr.u, 7 OlJUJ~ (!,Dfli6U 12 6lJUJ~di@j .ILLULL @i!P!i;6lDflicoorf)61ir 6T6OOr6tllli'llf.6llla; 1,99,140 ~@jtb.

§,);l56lirUIlj" 6TGilrurr ~tffillJd; @ilPLiJ61.!J_giffi0tb ~[Jtbuu uoir61flffie-...LalJa;6I'f)6\l ul4$;95rrGil, ~61irrnrrib 6lJ@julj (!,Dflioll ~!DfTtb 6lJ@juLj 6lJ6ID[J UIlj,d;@jtb .@LiJtBlUdi @[,O~6lllfli156'1ft&ir QIDIT;2;~ 6'T6OOr6OOf)d;6lll1b 1,99,140~di @®d;1b <26lJ6Oi:rr(bltb.

1998~tb 6lJ®L~~6il u6'irorflu5l6il uuSl§lJtb QlOrrii,lli @,[ii~lUii; @5!P!ii61D{li($61fl61ir 6T6Oi:rr6Wfi156lD1E 1,84,397 ~@itb. §Jfli.;$r' 6l5)ulllIDlli6IDW .9ILL6lJ6ID6OOT 2 15ITL(B<B!D§!.

19 9 8 - <$Lb ~m0d;a;rr6Uf w(]6I)a9UJ ~!ltbuu u6ir6li11!o61'flro u~ljIlIlb §l~~llJlE ®1P~6ID$ffi6ir
~)i;~lUrT di6Tfldr LllffidiGiT Gi>t>rr6lDdi Lll~UL.!l(bl U6ir61'flffi6ir 1998~tb ~6OirrQl
6)JW~ sr 600r@1jft4,6lDdi UlfT<OOf6lJrTffi6ir 6T6IlUr15<lllflli;6lllI);
~~
0 - 4 1,63,500
5 • 9 1,67,100 fl>ffirTuLjiD1i ~iPu U6ir61ftffiW 27,248
.$1(TrTlj)uLJJll~ ~u'lIPWU6ir61ftffiW 67,659
10 -14 1,64,BOO Ul.Dl1D Uofr6ift&6ir }
15 ·19 1,5B,000 !]~$lllJU u6ir61ft !l6tfTU uw61'fI 89,490
2Q -24 1,44,300 6lSlC&IT.fT6tfTu6ir6ift
25 -29 1,28,300
30 -34 1,26,500 GlUlfT1i~tb 1,84,397
("'<J,ilifT\Ttb : ¢ILL ~liJ6>jU OIrfl6>j, ffiro6lSl I§rufTsrr)
35 -39 1,25,500 ww<Ti1 ..... L-rOJI><Ti1io @@&/is ~"""'"'I4W rrw"" ®bDJii""l'"o1I66r
40 -44 1.08,900 IITmfittCf14QJJCEu5Iiu @l®!ii~ uWGr1hd,*, UujiilU&Jrtdj6ff1~
45 -49 85,200 I)fdor~iCCi)<SflDlIJ~ di~~UUmTj~60, 14,743 @bO~~51W ~;;i)~
7.4 % ®1.D!l"""".rr u.rr<tfl"'®u ~L..JIT""~""'" 6i";'-u,:;J y,"uu(j)Iilf!W'
50 -54 56,600 @l~~~ o:5'lL.L...6lJ6ID6l!l;5f' 3 dirrL@dl~.
55 -59 41,100 ~LL6l_j6OJ6OOT 3
60 -64 34,700 199B<\) ~IJ",LJU u.;,GTfta.®,; Q"oOOlfTili 1til!ii¢!iLJ<5 ®1P~"'w
65 -69 25,700
70 -74 16,400 6T6OOr~ffi6'IDffi %
~ -
75t 16,200 OlJUJi!\! - 12 "'lU~ 6>J6lD1J "--W6IT }
GUlrT~~ §l~UJ8; ®1Pji;6miO'"W 1,99,140 100%
........... ~ .. ~ ~ ~ ~ -- -_ ...... -- -~ ................... --.-- ...... -- _ ... -_ .. -_ .. - ___ .... uWGTftffi@j" Q""'§lJ"' 1~6lD""~~u }
QLDrr;i.~Li:J 15,62,300 u.;,GTft .. GTft66T GlUl~Iio::; 6Tm6!lOfiffi"" .. 1 ,84.397 92.6%
(dUlrr~§i Itil~UJffi ®lPm6lDI!) .. 6ir }
.... ____ •• .._ ...... __ .. _______ • _____ .'_io .... ____ ...... ____ ... _____ ~ ____ ........ LJw6lfIffi®o' Q"",rurr::; @)1P6;6lD§j,,6ir " 14,743 7.41%
( rrmo : .8I[fCfrTIliJdi GiT6TfI6llIU[f ,@6I)fTllirr) 12

<$lfWUU UW6lf/ci;@j1f GiIf~®l1W 12 @jiP06ID~&(§ci;@j 1 @j!P06IDf!; UW6ff)ci;@j1f Gi8'~6lJ~~6ID6\.l 6T6OrU6IDf!; ~§J &ITL~r11{IJ~. ~6ID~~ CBf!;ifllLJ 6Torisr6lJlJflci;6ID&CBllJfT~ ~ut..5)~6ID&u.5l6D, ~Jb~ 6T6OOr6OOf/ci;6ID& Lflffi6l.jW ~$IffiLDrt@jW. ~J1~ §pU[j(i;l&6O)61T cPJ!LUill6ID6OOT 4 ffiITL~r11fIJ&?I· LDtDlD @6OTriJ&fiIfI6IDLC81lJ ~lfWUU UWfilflcE@j5= Q8'~®l1W 29 ®!P,di6IDf!;&(§cE@j 1 @iP,di6IDf!; uwsrll Giir6D 6lJ¢lOO6ID6\.l.

§1rflf!; 6lJ6TffT5=4l &6Wr~6lJ@W lDCB6\.lcAUJfT;;U)~, ~uullt (§!P rbi6roGD @@UU@ lfl&6l.jw 6lJ@,dif!;~~ci;&f!;fT@tb. ~~tD&IT6rif &ITIJ6?JI5TriJffi6Tr fIJfTW ~!DIllJfTf!;lP1 ~~GD. @~rbo$fT615f' y¢lllJ ~uJ6ljo$~ill CB~6ro6lJllJtDfIJ6I:D6lJ.

@,di~ LDrrGiu@w t.5ilflfcA6IDfN6ID1lJ @uC8ufTCBf!; ~rTcEo$fT;;U)LLfT6i:l JPW61l)LD JPfTC8LD ~bJ.'i~~ci;Q&fT6frt§tb ytDIDJ C2JPfTlLJfT& ~1P1 i1L(!96lJfTtf1 6riJ(i;lw. 6lJ6llr(!,06IDtDGiILJ6I5rIDJw, 6lJbJ.'i~6lJ [15J1LJ6lJrhs W 6T WrIDJr.D, eYJ Lit o$w 6T 6llrIDJ ill, (YJL L IT W ffiW 6T dr {i)lw 6T ¢IrT 0$ IT 6U::i;~ ru 6T05o$rr61TW~6lJ~tD@u U$lGDfTffi, @6dr(81D ~6lJrb6I:DtD 6T~rTGi&rTW61T~ ~@J1~ fIJL6lJIltci;6roffiffi6lD61T 6T(i,}ci;dl C86lJ6OOrQ;lill.

@,di~ t.S/IJ8=8'6I:D6W6IDIlJ, Gi6lJ{i)lill f!;6OfIUuLL (Ijl6ID,rou.5l60 QUtDCBtDrrrTffisrll6dr C£6l.J6W05@6lD{IJ6lj 6T@r{i)l C2W(grurTLUDrrffiU urrrT:i;lP1u t.5ilf8=ifl6I:D61Jf6ID1LJ (Ijl1lt6l./ C£LLrTlDru, ~di C86lJ600Ti~ILJ61l)~U UrTrTULigu ~fT6N WlLJrTllJWfTtm' ffiL61l)WlLJfT@W.

6lJ glJ 61l) lD ILJ tD {IJ 8' c!p f!; rr UJ ~ 61l) ~ a., 600r L tt ci; @ 6lJ f!; 6llr 6l.J !ti u...; ill , ~ If W u .$ d) 6iJ 6riJ 6ID ILJ ci; dlLLfTILJLDfT.$@j6lJ,§.i6N 6lJ~!l..jw @,dif!; LDrrQu®ill t.5ilJlicA6lD6N6IDILJff, $6uimq_UUrTffi::i; ~rT05ffi (Ijl11}!l..jw. @f!;tDc£rr6lJT t.5ilf5=lfrrlJ~61l)f!; ~L615Tl.ll-lLJrrffi¢B ~6lJ.$@6lJ@I J]LD@ ~6I:D6W6l.Jlfgu ffiL61l)LDlLJrT@W.

LDC8611ifllLJrr;;U)6N Wc6C£W Q~fT6IDo$u.5l60, wC8611iflllJfT 6lJrTfi,l @J1$1llJrTffi6IT ~{IJc6@j6IDtDlLJ 16,00,000 (u¢l615f'rr{i)l Gl)L IfW) , cAI!)IUfT6N6IDlD Cfe!PffiiDrrr11 6251L C8uTlb.

@wfl ~1J8'rrriJffi)i5¢16N ~$IaJfTlfU bhrT6lJ <8/[15J0561:Da5ffifilfl~, ~[15J6riJuyc£6ffJ6\) 6T6\)6\.)rTW LD6\.)mDc6ffirTlfrT ffiW, bhwy)i5;'BlJrrff,ffiW, #WrTffiW LDrbIDJw L5itDrf 6TdrglJ @[15JUt.5iLU CBufT6lJ~ WlflflLJLDfT <'fJ 6l5iLL ~6Nl!)J.

~LBlPrTdi6Tr "dan lain-lain" lJ'eyJcoLDfT<'fJ ;;U)LLfT60 ~6lJrTco@!ic6@ ~(JCf)lLJro u6\.lC8w <'fJ6IDLlLJfTgu. ~6lJrTaJ6ffJ6N C2tlirT,§.i6iJ @LCbl ~6lJrfa5@9ffi@* Gi8'ruG0rrci; ffifTlfr. jJLQ)lc6@5 UILJ6iiT, {!;@j$l @ru6lD6\.lQlLJwfl60 ~f!;fT6lJ@ f!;LBiPtTd)6IT wpL~ ~&JtTffi@?05@)i5 C2f!;6ID6lJ .@ru6I:D6\.lQIlJ6Nl~ f!;u5ljprt 1l56ffJ6iiT C8f!;6I:D6lJ6OJUJ rbi61!J{DC86lJrblJ)lw C8f!;61l)6lJffit§w, ~IJ IffTriJ$)i5~dJ@ (B f!;61l)6lJ .@606IDGD.

13

:L ~rrr,r 600f iorr a; tDm':' I!j- 6D t.5IrJif 8' 6ro 6IJf 9T W{D rr 6D, di5U6l..Ir,rW 6TW {Drr 6\) 5t 6l5lr,r 6l..Jrr >Jj W 6TIiUJ"{DrrW ~u5J!,DrTcr,6ro6TT ~L~ GiLDrr~~illrr8:i diUUi]vutbtDl tDrrL6roL 6l5lL~ Gi6l..l61fiUJrrrisdi @1r,r6OOr(j) LDrr~ 8:irr6DW C8urr,§Jw, 1 0,00,000 (u~@ 6\)L8'tb) ~tt$!UJ Gi~rriP6\)rr6fTrT8J61fi6iJ 7 J]J/606\:l~ 8 6\)L8'W C8urT di6fT rr 6<Jr ,@;i C2>Jjrr ~4hLJrT di6ro6fT lLjtb, urliJ di6f1TrC8>Jj cf}di6ro6ITlLJW diIWr6OOfl6roLDris@WC8J9r,r~~tb@w ~~rr6l..J,§J 2 lJ)rr~~~tb@6Tr Gi6lJ61fiUJrrd;cEl tWlLL wC86Vcf}UJrr6l5)w 8'rrw6ro6lJf ,@wrr6\)UJ 6"rr>Jj6ro6lJf .gj6\)6\)6l..Irr""""" u~,§J 6\)L8'W ~,di~UJ Gi~rrW6\)rr6fT@$® ,@0>Jj di~ 6T6NIDrrru U¢6IJfrrfPJ 6\)L8'W ,@,di¢UJrf ill{bfPJtb >Jju51bDrT 6Ttbillrr~~r,rtb,

8'f!jXJj LDd;a;w cr,6iJ6UI GidirrW6ll)diuJ]60 6Tfii~ wC861Jrrrurr6lJ~6ll)~4 tddirr6OOr1!j-@4cEl.wrrrTdi6Tr 6T WU~6ll)6ZJT Gi>Jj6ir 6fT ~ Gi>Jj6lf)6lJrr d;(5!)'4J{D~, .®Ji¢UJrT, B'e'jldi LDd;di6lf)60 8 g, 4 9 0 (2urfiw @GtburliJ8:iW, Giutb C8IDrrrT di6Tr ~u5JiPUU6TrorFJdi6ro6'fT'U LjIDd;a;6OOfId;,4J(DrrrT diW,

ULL600fULjID 6lJrr!,b ~u5IbDrTffi6Tr, @]i¢UJrTdi6Tr 27,248 <Burt WLQ;J<BW ~u5I!puu6ir61fluJ)6iJ UI!j-d;.4l(DrrrTdi6Tr, ,@¢615l@Ji,§J ~u5J!prT di6Tr ~u5JtpiJrrffi 6lJf11,Orr>Jj ~6l..IrT 8:iorFJ66r LD6IJrUUrrW6roLD LJrfJ,di~ 6l5ILL,§J,

cfJr)Trl.DLj!D~ ~u5I!pUU6TrorFJdi<B6'fT' LDrr6OOf6lJrTdi6'fT'rr6D Jt1IJUUUULG LW6TT6IJf, .gjrliJ(ga;lLjw J9~W di rr so Gi w rriP60 ~L UQP tb 6UI@i@i IT 6IJf (i,Ptb W 6ID 6\) LJ @~¢ 615l(j) LD rru516liT >Jjtfl!,buu6fr61fldiW ~d;ffiUUL0 615l(j)lw.

t.5IJD UWsiflffi6tSJ6'fT'8= 8'rrrTri5~ 89,490 6lJ®rliJdilT6\) B'ri5~1) ;(tiu5JiP C8uB' Gi6l..lLdiuu(bI6lJrrrTffi6Tr, wrrrliJdi6Tr wu5J!,DlJrrdi .@@rt~ITru ~tflbDrf 9TWfPJ GiB'IT606\)6ljtD Gi6lJLdiuu(j)l6lJrT. ~u5I!prT 6TWIPl Gia=rr6D6lJ,§J .gj6lJrTdi@04@ 6JC8~1T C8~6IJ)6lJuJ]6I5r diITiJ600fwrrdi ,@®4di6\lrrW""", ~6l..Jcf}LU~¢66r 8:i1T(T6OOfLDrrffi @@!£di6\lrrw".... :L6OOfrT6l5lW ffiIT(T6OOfLDlTdi @@d;ffiC86lJ QPI4UJrr,§J. @,§J Q6lJ!!)IW ~@lWrr6<JrLDrrffi LDL(9C8LD @@d;d5 c!:p14UJrr~ ",,! a;1Wrll).ULJlTffi a;1Wr&L(9 ~di6\)rrw.

14

6Trururr @61lrrrue;@l9tb i]8'IT!'o§l

.@p;¢!lUo& ®1Pp;1SlII~e;6IT LnL(i:ltb

7 6lJlU§I (yl~ru 12 6lJlU§l6IT6IT ®1Pp;1SlII~e;6ir u6ir61f1ffi®<i' G8'~§lItb ®1P~6Ol~a;6ir u6ir61f1o&®& (Ol<fw<&)rr~ ®1Pp;lSlIIjlia;6ir

29,85,600 28,72,000 1,13,600

1,99,140 1,84,397 14,743

u6ir61f1ffi®1i' Glfw§lItb GU)rr,:1i~<io @i1PJ16l!l~IIi61f1~ @!l;~lUci; ®!pJi;61lIjliC661f161ir 6T6Ulrr6tl!lfl<io61ll11i

6.8%

u6ir61f1<io®& Glfliiloorr~ GL.Orr~jl:i& ®1P!ii6!?~IIi61f1EIiT

6T6Ulrr6Ol!fiffilSlIlffillllru @!ii~UJ& ®1P!ii1Sll)~1Ii6IT 6T6llbr6li1fl<io6l!l1li 13%

~LL6lJ6O)6OUf 3 & 4@5LO 6lJ@aiJe;rr6\) ~u5I!prt 8'Jt~:iI UrTl.Q(J6UTrre; ,ile;!pui]urr6lJ6(f))!l3 0Jcf8'u.5J4.$16&rfD~· 6T,W::rJU i]urr6Q)~4@5 6lJ8'uULCbl 6lJrrbi;lc66lDe; .@!,04e;u C8urr .$IfDrrrt dji]@Trr... . G~rf)lJ.jrr tPJ·

6f,W::rJU umJmi.J85~,iI wtb[pJw @561lNUT @5t.OU6\.ldjI®l4® ~6IJ)6\)6lJ6OUfrbJ.41 ~6IJ)SU61.1rtdj6TTrrU Gurrc61rnrrrtdj(26TTrr G;:brflturr~. @'wWu uwsrfi4®# G8'6\.lsurrW @fb~turt CfeyJdj ®!PJ56ID;:bdj6ffl6D dj6DNI!j.uurr dj 1 00% ~LaiJ$ .@®4dju Gurr6lJtPJ Wu51!prt @ji,OJ56ID~di6ir WL G(2w 6T 6NU@J G8' rr6D615l~ Gi;:brf)tu G 6lJ61lN I!j. tu~6\.l6(f)iOU.

£@t:iJ¢lturte;srfici.l ~Lli.J@jt.O, u@wrrt.5/e;l®lt.O, W6lDSUlLJrrsrfiffil®lrb, G;:b~li.JcEl6N~~6lJ@rb, 6lJrrucorr6ffl, .@t:iJ,iI @uul!j. U6\)6lJ6tDco .@615T" 8' @co~~6"DT (!!jib @illwG6\)cfllLJ JlirrL lfJ. 6N t.5/1J #8'6(f)615T" @rf)tu6l.Jrt <£6Tr ~6D6\), c:Bl/6lJrt <£6Tr Jli6\.liOU 6lJrrIPcE6Wdi C8lLJ 6lJrriPcElfDrrrt co6Tr. !!LlLJrt~!J Gurr®6ffllLJ6\) 6lJrriP46O)co .a6lJrtcoI®l4@j @®4.$}flJ~· w@,w~ Lf~~8'rr68co@Trrffi 6lJrr@LO c:Bl/6lJrt,q;6Tr~tD @!PJ561D~e;6fr C56ll~lTl.q.uurre; UW6ffl4@jcf G8'60iOUrrLD6U £2J®cidiG6lJ wrrLLrrrtco6Tr.

6T61Jr(26lJ (YJlfJ.6lJrr615T" (YJ1!j.6l..!,.u6Trsrfi4@cf G8'6\)6\)fT~ @!1::rJ c:Bl/6W6"DT~@J4 @!P!16lD;:bcol®ltD

C561JiJr lfJ. uurr 85 ~w!Prt ;:btD @5!J.l,W6IJ)~ ffi Gw ! L.5/tJ 8=8'6lD6N 6.; ®rfIiLJ ;:bwi,Ort 8' eyJdi~~6N

t.5/1J 8=8'6O)6I5T C5 (R6fT ..... 1 W i]wcfilLJ 6lJrriP .®;ii~lLJrt co6rFi6O)L GlU L5J1J ffCf6O)615T" ,@6iJ6tDsu ..... ~w!Prt Cfe!fJdi~~6\) ;:brreY L5J1J cf8'6ID6I5T @®tf,c6IfDgll,

15

~tfi1rf)UJrT - urr 60N 6lJrT GJu0(g fDrrrT QP~~O"ulj opJDW1@85u.5/60 ~u5J~UU6iT 6TfJ

n 6TrliJa,Glr ;;DLBhbuu6iT6If1 ... 6TrliJa,Gfr ~LflbbuuGfr61fl 6TWQ!!lWg)Jt.O ~UU!!t4;,$bfTEiNfT?" ~LflbbuuGfr6'ffla,61flw ~6IDGOa,6llilT(bi LDEiNLO @j6tDLDtB~ §l@61.IrT .@uut.q.u UfTt.q.6UTrnt. LO(]6I)1fl11J4;, ~@lDfTCB ~t.q.6IDLD4;,;:Ii6ID6lT ~g)J~;9I 4 3 ~6OOr(bldi6ir @Lq.6lllLLEiN. ~EiNfT60 $l.i u51 bD rT a, 6ffl61iT U 6llilT U rr L (bl 6(l) LD I1J rliJ a, 61TrT a, 6lj LD Q LD rr ~ , .@ 6N 6lj 600T rr @5161iT UfTCf6UlDJa,WfTffi6l.jLD 6>5ImrliJ®LO ~Iflbbu u6iT61fIffi6fA6lir (]ufTci;~§lILD (]!JifTci;~~LD LDrr(b!Dr:5Ja;W QLO~61.IfTffi4;,~fTG6T 6lJtB~ QffifTmt.q.@ci;<if:l6lir!D6N. !Jjffi6l.J60 Q~fTb6I60 @LU~6ID;:Ii (]!J)fTffi41 !JiLD ~'JcmrliJa;LD Gl5l6IDIJ6lj @LLlh 1frf1;:1ifT6NfT? 9'6OT? LDfTIDIDJ 6lJ1,61 Qw 61iT 6N? 6T 61iTu6N CEufT w!!l (] ffi6iT Gl5lffiGfr lfepffiUU!b!!lfT mIT ffi6ffl66r @;:Ii 11J~6ID;:li 6l.JmLfTffici; ®6IDL(5,§.1 Qa,fTm(]L @®ci;dl61iT!!l6N. ;:liuSlbbuu6iT61fIffi6ffl66r 'lLu5lIT!JifTt.q.ffi61TfTffi ~lflrfllLJIT - LDfT6OOT6lJIT - Gu(bCEDJfTrt ~cfllLJ e!:P6OTIDJ $l.i'JuU16tITIT Qfl (b g)J® ffi u5l6\) 4lci; dlci; G ffi rr 600r t.q. ® d;® LO $b t.B IP u uGfr 61ft ffiGfr 1fl6\) If IT $b 6ID 6llT ffi 6ID 6fT ~ ffibb4;,~d; difTLL C86l.16llN@GLDW(D fT6\) ~ 6ID6llT ~~4J $l.i1J' uU16llT rfl6O"r 'lL 6iT 61T fTIT 4;,~LDfT 6UT FF(j)iurrG Ltlffi ~61.IIfllLJLOfTffi4;, C8~6lil6l.luuG~(D~. 6lilffi;:liLt.q. ~~rlil41 $I6OTg)J CE6l.Jt.q.d;6IDCli UfTrt&@)tD (]UfTd;@j ~Lq.(]6l.IC8lJ'fTCB ~uYPJuUG~$!iUULL C86lJ6OOr@LD. Cfe!:PCliLD ~LDU6'OOf1 e., 600J[J C86lJ6OOr GLD.

$l.iu51 bP uuGfr 6fACli6lf)6\) u 6'OOf1lLJrr(bWLD ~cflrfllLJrT Cli6fA66r CliL 6(l)LDlLj6ONIT 6(l)6lJ WIT ® LD @j6IDrD~~ lD~UL5lL Qflt.q.lLJfT~. LDfT[!5I6l.J@LD ClifT6I)cF~1P§lIci;® 6JrDu .@61.IrTffiC§Lo $l.iLD ffd;~ci;@j (]LD6DfTdi 'lL6IDbD~~ 6l..J®4l6~qD6llTrT . .@66rIDJ QUfT~61.IfTffi 6T606'0fT4;, >!'t.BbbUUGfr61f1ffi6lf1@,21LD UPSR ffirnuy 6l.J@juY>iBm 6l.JfTlJ' !JjfTLffi61f1@,21LD 6l.IfTIJ' ,@lPl~ !JifTLffi61fl~Lo ,Qi6tDLGUrDIDJ 6l.J®~66r(D6llT. @®(5~Lil U6'06liT @6(l)rn6l.JfTffi §®ci;41(DC8;:li 6J66r? 830~ ~6llilTCblffisrfl~tb lfl(Duyd; di6l.J6llTLil Qa=@,2I~~fTLDW 6·~Lil ~6OOrG 6l.Jr!l)'l) U1(D@J, lfl(Duy 61.I@jUYdiGfr 6T6l5rglJ LDfT6OOTGlJrTdi6m61T~ C8;:lilh;l.jcF 4l(5!li®wu5lw 4l6IDrDu uG~§,IGlJ;:DfT60 @(5$16ID6I) 0rDUL6DfTLil. rb600rL ffifT6D~ ~LL,t~6N o§it.q.UU6IDLu.JlW Qfl$!iGOfTLo ~6llNCEL o§i$l.irDClifT6lIT ~W~$!iUU6OOflffi6'fflW FF(b1UL(]GlJ6OOrG)1Lil.

16

€Q 60T!D rr ib ~ 60bT Gl c!:p $2j (] 60 , LD sorr uJ , ~ rliJ til6\) Gi LD rr to UJ p5!6lIJ &l

(]LDt.buGl¢~6i.J(]$2jfT0, 6l.IfT~uyu wllSlrDffiu51§liLo MfDuLjIf,a;&l6Nl.D Q8'@,)J~@J61J $16NfTro LDfT 600f &lrT a;w uGiT 6'ff1~ (] $2jrT 611 ffi6o:l 6IT )!ILo L.5lct,6UJdiC] UJ fT@ 6T ~rT (] )!IfTd; ® &lrT . eyJ66"r!D rno ~6llN(8t6lJ6ID1) eMT6\) ~LL&l6o:l6OOfu.SlW ~!iJ4160U UfTLl.D ~60@6\)~fT6fu. ~6llTfT6\), ~6ID606IDLDUJfTif1rf1UJrT· ~41rf1UJrTffiGiT ~@6tIT~~fT60 ~di~ff. 4lffiffi6l5lW @llj-ff.ffiffi6lIJGITff. ffiWULDfT ffi 816l5\bP~@J 6l5IL (!PllJ-LYLD.

!l5t.tlbbuuGiT61fI ~tf\rflUJrt&@9d;® diL6UJLDU-j6OOfrT6:Y @6l1l(D&lfTffi &§®ffi41!D~' ~6NfTiu GLDfTIPU-j6OOfrT6l.j ~fTiiliT (]fficir6l51ffi@jp5!lUfTffi @,®If,41(D~. §l® GiUfT®6IDffi 6J5l[bU6)J(]1) ,§Idi~u G\UfT®6UJffiuY!llffiffi6UQ.A~~fTiu L5\(D® UUJWLLfTGIT6tD1J 6Tuullj-ffi ffi6l..l1l (glllj-lL1Lo? G1 u ® t.D U rr 60 rr 6N ~ 41 rfI UJ IT & GiT %5 t.D L5\ GiT 6tD GIT co 6ID 61T ii ~ uSI \P U U 6fT 61fI ffi@5 ,§J®JuLJ6l.I¢JW6o:l6\'l. ,§J~(b&fT6N a;fTIJ6OOTIll.Jffi6W61Tffi (gffiLLfTW Ifirfluu~fT. 81@61.J~fT 6TW(](D )!Il.Ocf,@~ G\~rflUJfT~. ~uSlbOuu6frWlffi61fl66T 11}~ 6J(]~fT .§I6lJ)!ILot.5l&@&6IDUJ @6l..I;:t~([l5cf,@5 t.b &§61..HT a;61fIiiliT ~ttl\p UU 6iT 61fI FfG)UfT(biLD (]ffiOO 6lSIffi@(6lUJrr41 @51(1i61..6ID%5;;5 ~6l5\rT.$ffi (l,Pllj-UJfTffIl. (]6l..I6i5I(]UJ uu5I6tD1J (]LDuJdi~ di6ID~UJfT41!D§I.

~if1rf1UJri:ffi61fl6liT Lfl~ tFe!:Pffi~$166"r 6T~rTUfTrTUY 811)diLDfT& @®ffi41!D~' C66b6l5\~ (] gJ IT If. 41 ~ 6ID 6'0 u..51 @,)Jtil U GiT 61fI u.516liT e.g ~ rqb !D $i3:$1 @#I Lo LDfT rD rD lliJ ffi 6iT Gi C6 fT600T CB 6lJ IJ ~cFlrflUJrTffiGiT Qu(b(]!DfTCEl)fT(B1 (]1fITJi5@J u600fllUfTrDID (]6l..I6dbT(9t.D. u~6l5\ i'uJ~ QLJ©JU:l )!IfTLdi6tD61T 6T6OOr6ilmM;COldifT6cilT@ U6'0 ~6tD6'06IDLOUJfT#irflUJrtdi6i'r, )!IfTLffi6o:l61TciJ ffiL~$1 6lJ®6l..I6ID~LYLo LD©Juu~rD41w6l))ru. @.~.6tlTfT.6i:J 4~llJ (spUJrbcFI, y~UJ GitFUJ6D ~LLl.b 6T6'6TuG~6\)6\)fTlb GL.JfTuJlUfTuJ, U!,Dlll.Jffi6lIJ~UJfTWU \]urnu 6l51(bl41iiliT[D6il1.

~uSlbDuuGiT61f1 6lJ61TrTff.if1u51ro, ~cFlrflllJr'rdi6lIJ61TU (]UfT6'0(]·6l..I GU~i:l:g!DfTrtffi@!98i(§tb GiU®Lo uliJ@j .i1®UU6G)~ LDQ;lld;a; (Yltq.lLIfTffIl' ffifT6IDGU m.__'1OOT6lj, @,6i:J61JfTLD€u, .§I@cf,8ifT6tIT, 41~(5~ #®6IDL C&UJfTCSJ uffi61f1u..Sliu lfifT6OOf6lJiiliT 6l..,di~ p3lw(DfTiu QUrD(]!DfTIT~fT(]6lJT QUfTIDJuLj? ~di;:v 81lrf-uU6IDL~ (]~6lD@J6o:lUJ .§I6G)L-,6l..I(]~ U6lJ LDfT6llllT6l..IIT83@.9IE@jU (gUrTlJfTLLLDfTffi @,®<'i,$IjDfP.!. [!iffirTUY!DU uGiT61flffi6:lfl60 @,di~ L5lIJIfCf6ID6UTffiffi @6o:l!D61:JfTffi §®4ffiGUfTLo.~6(lTrr6i:J (]~fTLLUY!DU u6iT61fIffi6lfl60 kOrT6OOT6:l.lrTa;61fl66T ffi~@5l 6l516be:cF!ffi@ ,\®6ID6lJlL1 Lo GPcf,iflllJ ffifTIJ600TiliJ ffiGITfTtil66T(D6Uf .

17

:!D ill!p U U cir Wl ffi6rl"l66T t!i ~ rr 60T Gi u !b <] !D rr rT ffi 6!fl6liT LD 60T U cg U rr d; @ ~l.D d;@ 6fr 6l.J®~~~~ 6'!Sl6ID~UUlDfTfficg6l.J .~®d;cEl!D~ ..

LDtT6OOf6lJrTffi@!jd;@j G~tTLrTLJ Ue.)LDfTffi ~®d;ffi (Il6lJ6o'OTl£f.llJ QU!b(]!DfTrT ~41rflLunIf r:5Jdi iJlJ a.6IT U6\) ucir 61f1 ffi6lfl6\) c.fI!DUUrr ffia'- G)\CFllJ6\)UC] @j~~6tD6'0 6T 66T!D i1L_ 600r 6tDLD6IDW )lifTLO 5JU48; GLffifTW6lT~~fT6liT (]6lJ6OOr(bjLb. 1fr:5J(!jU u~6'!Slffi@l&ffirrffi @GJlu51u Ullrj(f·6OilTaDUEm .#lw um61"flffi6fflru 6T6liTlDITW, U6\l Gu!b(]!DinTffi6fr ~6IDWLD6tD!D@jfTffil 6l5Ii]lb If ci! a.c5 &>._ L L r:5J ffi roir rti6ID 6\) lLj lb j:J ® d; cG!J) ~ .. @{5 ~ rti6tD 6'0 uJl6\) G U!b cg (lJ rr rT ffiGiT :5tflljJuu6iT6lfIu.5166T ffiru615l 6l..I6lTrT80614@) 6TUUtq:. #rflllJ Ur:5JffiIT!D!D (lj)lq.lLjlb?

• rW1I, _. . •

Ulh®,f'IJ8l IbL!tilbrrro

~fflrAlLJrT GU!D(](lJfTrT ~JiJ~ ®® ~lJUL..5l6OTrf16IDL(]LU IfrQJJffiLDfT6llT !Jj6\)~!D6lj rti6'06lJ

G'&! 6M ~lo. f9® 6)J 60)1) f9@6l..IIT ® 6ID iD am.,u)l

C!::P!DiDfTffi ~&ffiUUL

Gi U !b cg iD IT IT ffi 6ID 6lT @6liTQ,P.ffi:l5 cg ~ rr (]

@!Dm,s<D~IbOf)IiJ1 ®6ID[D bllt IT ru '@ 5:11 rr m r,r 6lJl L MOlfBIb@jIf.@j 0l.I !Bth II L (if a 0l.I ITa r,r .m{885IDIfWib (g~Of)ru.

(§r9!J)til iffTL 1]L1 (]UfT d;@ (i~Glltb, U6iT6'fftd;@j 6lJ®LD

~ 6irr Lj L 66-r c9I WI dl

:;; @j 6trfh:i5 @) to (] U rr ffi 6ITl ffi

i:i EiGl u:'Jl.51 lq. c:&CS (] 6lJ6ON(B Lb. ~6Ucll&(§ 6)JQ9i:tl_[DfTrTffi6IT

E""&:fu6OOr~ <]~fTGiI GWd:lCll!J)fTrTffi6ID6IT ~Wdi&&>'_LfT@l.

~.#lrALUrTffi6fr @j6ID!J) GilffTGDI@.)~~1T61iT

LiTtbLO: 15TIDli ffOO. ,~wtIPii'ib~

<:91~ <]UfTGi) ~c.fIrfliLJrTC&6ID6lT 6T@~:§i!DI6'!Slffi®lo ffil6ID!J)6lJ6OTITdi LD~~~, ~t.q.~i'J) a.-rr~~ffi6rl"lru 6lJCF6ljUfTLfTLDru u6cirr(]urrCB, u6Ollf]ru6liT(gUfTl] <]uc.fI £§66rc!:pffi~cg~rr(b1 ::-~.§I Gl:OfT6Tr6lT <]6lJ6cirr(]Lb. ~tJUlIt ®@6lJ6ID1)' ~®6lJrT 1.O~4@SLb u6ci:rr(]u .. T milT 6lJrT 1:06lfI6liT ffi6\:J6l5l6IDW 5 #rflllJ 6lJ 6lTrrcioc.flu.51ru Gll:OfT 6lJbr Gil QCF6\)6\) ~;!!i6lj Lb. .@JiJ~ .-5GJ~IJLJl.j]6OTrfl6IDL <]UJ ,[l)6P6D i1L_r:D6lj ~t.q.&a; l.Orr6OOT6l..Irtffi@]W Il§LO UrliJ4I6Ul6llT ~!D!D ~4b. u6fr6ltlc:&@ u£j.&1:0 6l.J®W LOrr6OOl6l.Jrta;cir ;:ljfTr:5JC!l6iT t]ffiLU6Ul;:ljtyLO UITrTUU6ID~lLjw ..... ~d;®61!J_[D~@J ;:ljLD ~Llq.ru Glu!b(]!DrrrflLw Q(frrl;\)6lJ~fTlOD b§)~~6' ffie!;Pffi \!L_~6l.j --~6IDLW 6lJITlUUl..j6lltrGl.

U 6U U 6iT srfilD 6ffl6iJ Cd u ib CB (D rrrr ~tFIrflLU rt If r:5J ffi rliJ co 6iT ffi [OU u rr ffi ~ Q If LU GiJ u (G1 cij 66r JD 6bT . .@l ~ IDJ Lb LJ 6J.) u Gfr 61fl ffi srfiGB Q u . ~ . If olJ ffi rliJ ffi rn U rn 61fl u.5l6fu !J)L6l..It.q.ffi6IDcoffir@24(§ .0~ ~1;n.:--1i)-4QlDrT(G14®ib @u.5liblflffifilll6\5 ~Lb' @(Y,l <$d}(D6lD6'0 uLU66ru(b1$~cEl66T(D6N. @~6<lTrT6\) WfT6OOT611rTlD6TfIiSN 1D6\l6lSl 6l..I6lTn-~ffi$ ~LLlliJ&srfi6\) C]lDrTL6lDL6lSlL(bI6l5lU5&Lt.q.UJ <®b06D U6\J urnGlflffi61flGb W6\)6ljcEl(D~. Gu. ~. CFolJdiLb 6T 66rJ] rr so .0!Dl cg CFrT 4 @jill ~ 6Q)Lm~Lj 6T ®rJ] 4lPl~6lJ)6iJT 4@j6lT U6\l Giu d} CBJ] rrrr ffi@JLD ~41rAUJITffir@2Lb ~®ci;$i6liT[D6OTIT. U60 UGfrsifJlD@ §J66r@lh 6lJrT601JfUI"Mffr a;rT6OOTrrLD®.:! ~@4ffirT6IDL ~61:IIlf1~~ GffifT6tfuT(Bl 1iJ~6lJ)LDao cgffifT60$~ro ffirTLIfl ~(I])4166r[D6OT. Gu. ~ .,g:lli.Ja:. rlil C86lT (IJl@ elP~ cg IfrT (bI Gd'LU 6\5h;b ~WrliJ ffi6bTrT so ut.q. ffi®tb urn GlfI Ul cq.$~ ~ UOIT.$ ill rr[J5l.. ... ~u5ti,b U urn crf1u.5l6'dT ~6lD606IDLU e., LU rt $>15 (Ifl~ lI..j to,

~lfImUJrT -- LD[T®r6lJrT -- Gud}G[DrrrT ~cf.lLU QP$~lJuLi @rDWJ6IDffiu.5iGiJ ~L6I~uu6iT6lftu.5l61iT 6T~ITa;rT6'0@tb ~LfllPtFlfe1Pffi$~6liT ~L(bi GiLDrT$~ '6T~rTUrrITULILb 6l..IC!]ffi6liTm IDIT!DWrT6tfuT@ffi@jrn GU]6IDU6fT6OOf @l!jJUrT 6lJ6OOr601JfW _cg6lliJT(bi GffifT6lliJT(]L cg UrT 4l66:rW 6bT.

~6OOr6IDLDUJfT6<lT CFetF<!D ~rT6lJl1\0tf.$~tb, Gl£lfT~ ~6llTUU.!D!DrT6'\TrTffi@:9tb ~6J51IJLDfTffiff ffi,di~'!ii~ y;'tJLU 6l5llb,SffirliJdMmm 6lJ®&a; (g6lJ6OOrt.q.LU ffirTIo0diffiLL$¢Iru .@(I])cii4lQ;!DfTlD.

;:DuSikJ:l.$(l;606i51 6lJ6lTiDfT6N 6lJ1Ti,bffi611lC5ffi® 6lJb;6l ;§I611lLD4®Lb 6T66rro llLL68TJ._JfTCbI { Pos it iva) 6H300r 600f(gLD !J) lD.$@j lBffi ~6OOr 6O'OT l.OfTa; (]6lJ 6lliJT@Lb.

orj{h&1j)(h'UJ tB&b.ffi1 !Jjro5U 9@&(h~li1fJfb L@jrurr&®(8.wrr, ,omrus6'Ii1fJIOIi1fJUJ oumJi'&(hff bluwUJ(8wlJ OlPrfibfb .!HJJJli1fJru;' {h<!!)(8mrr, @®ouowm iJTlIJ

W mt9li1fJ IOIi1fJUJ.i, bl (hiT oW (1)1 tDW(htf ~ uw tl.J{g 10 [J

bf~{hIi1fJ(h1lJ mro~{h.rr5M IhW&®i>

(8SbIi1fJW!

.19

~ u51 bPuu 6fT 6'ff1 L5lfJ ~CF6a)6OT Cii@9c5@~ ~ 6(DG)\) ®LD LU rr cflrAUJ IT ffi cg 61T ffi rr fJ 600T tb.

§l® .IllnbP<f If)llJfT6llT ®(blLoUlb, ~kuJibp51diI)LOfT6llT _rbjIDJ &J6llTLo, '29QJ) If rliJcoLo, ~I) If)llJ6\) coL If) , C8difTu5lw, ,§i r:r IffTiliJ di Ib ~ &Jib,!DI6fu QP6lirC86llT ibrD~6ID::Jj1l.j lb Gl6lJ.rb ,!DI6IDllJll..jLo _rbjiT 600T UJ Ib QlfW6Ll§l ~@)~llJfT6'OT ~6IDW6IDLO~§J6lJLO 6T6lir[DfTW ~~ Ltl6O)ffillJfT6'OT§J &lW6\.'l!

Q u rr §J 6lJfT IE ~QJ) ~6ID 61) 6lJ ® cE@j C86lJ 600r l>t llJ §6I)d;ffi6OOT JliJ ffi6ID61T §rliJ ® 6lSl6lJrflffidi t] 6lJ6cirr l>t UJ¢16i:J 6ID1@J. ( 6lSlu r:r to C8 ~6ID 6lJuuG)it] &JfT IT cE ® L.5l6lir ~ 6ID 6lltlf U Lj e., 600r (b1. ) QUfT@J6l5lill ~6IDtO\)6IDLO$1;@J6lJLo urb~llJ .@(P~ffi 8iJLrbglJffi@j j'liLtlbPUUGfr6lflffiGfr 6l5l~6l5l6l)ffiffi6i:JtO\)!

n '8!QJ) j'liLtl bP uuffi 61'fI u.5l00'r iW~~ ~uuGi'r GTflu5166r ~6ID6\)6IDLOllJ rr ffirflllJ6ID1J d; QffifT 6O'or G iV IT 6rnlT llJ LO GO' uJ i? a; IT Gt- srr so rr LO " 6T 00r glJ '8! QJ) LO 6\) rr W ffi IE ru 6151 ,§i !bLs fT rf Qa'fT6i,)6\Slu5l@~.9! .@}-" ® r:86ID6<lT6l.j QffifTGfr61T~~ffiffi~.

·1ii.tlIPJ :.uri" m6iID;;r,- u :r[9l~~6lJ6ID1J ' ,§i6lJ rT di61T ~ L.5lr,rfflf6ID6<lT IE 6ID 61T 816l.DL UJfT61TLo ffi6OOr(i)l <SlI~ii ffi6mEf"~§l GlJITWULjLO 6lJ1f~ILjLO ~ibu{]~~~ ~rt~fTru 6T6IDj'liIl.jLO cfi[DUUfTdi<f Qtfu'_;tu3:tt... @.!6\)ro6ffi!.i) QqD!D6lJiT&Gfr 6T6liru~6\) 6T6OTd;@j 6Tu<2ufT@C8LO ,§i6IDlfffi& QPll\-UJfT::Jj !:5Lbt5J&EIDa. LmG· G6lJglJLOC86OT ::JjLBlPfTlflrflUJrT&6ID61TU udJp51ffi @)6ID[DIE6ID61Tff QlffTru68 ~L"f.<f, QffifT@r~®uu¢1w 6T6OTffi@ LL6lirUfTll\-6i:J6tD6U. I @) 6ID [D & 6ID ar 6l5l LD rT If seno u 600r 6Il'cll i; Go; rr 6il~nq. ® U U $D rr 6i:J llJ IT QJ) ffi@) J1i 6lir 6ID LD ? @J6ID[D&6ID61T ,§i6ID L llJ rrsmo ffi 600r (i)l ~Jt$Dffi ®6IDrDo;@!jffiffifT6<lT difT IJ 600T iliJ di 60) W ~ Cll ~Lq. ffidi 60) smu C86lJ 600r (] Lb. ~ If) rflUJ IT di6lf166r L.5l r,r &616ID6llT ffi6ID W ~ @J>!i fTU ~ C8 ~IT0 urntffidi t]6lJ6OOr(bllb. ,§i6lJrTdiGTfl66r ~6tlflf,PuiT (gl66r(]6OT,rD[Drlilffi@!jffi@ ~::Jj6l51UJfTuJ @®ffiffi C86lJ6Ohr(blIb. ):5fT66r 'Lwf,PfTLLq,@Ji1b Gl6lJ61f1f,PfTLLq.@JiLO U6\) uGfrGTfl&@!jcE@u GurruJu L..;.-'- ~cE41C8!D6lir. 6TP'>::Jj &J6IDffiu5l~LO ::JjLtlIPfTcfiUJrT dim L.5l[D6ID1J 6l5lLcE diL6IDLDll..j6OOTrT6l5lru O'tiID6'IT $5~6lJiT &61'fI6i:J 6ID6\.'l 6T 66T glJ 'LJDl~llJ fTW Qlf rrso (]6lJ@r. ::JjLtli,D rr IfIrflUJ rflL Lo ~iT 6lJLo .@®cE® . C8ufT~6ID6'OT~~!D66r ~QJ)ffi@ 9L~C86lJffiLO .@QJ)ffi@j - 8IrTuu6OOfluy ~6lJOTrTG'lj ,®QJ)ffi@. LDfT6OOT6l.JiTdi@!jci;&fTffi;:5 ~llJfTffiLb QCfWUJ~ ::JjUJfTlJfTdi @QJ)d;ffifTllliffi. CfrflUJfT6'OT 6l.Ib6IffifTLutdiGfr §@(p::JjfTGD <9i61.IrT ffiGfr LjLLo C8UfTLL ::JjrlilffiLOfT ffi LB6T!1rT6lJ~ r]l<fCfllJlb"

~® UIT6\)<f8'J1~I)6ll1l66r ~.:i;8i5:Lib6IDpJ ~l)fTtUcti~rTru~lflhbUU6'fr6ff1$@i.:i;®~ ;'2i@Ji;.~ 6:i:J \;tltE fTL_l.q. ffi6'fr u6ir 6ff1~ ~6ID6\)6IDlJ]llJ rr ffirflllJIT <neg 61T 6T 66Tu@] Lj6\)U uGtb.

asL,di~ recti@] ~6OOr(b1ffi@!!lci;® Qfl6li<6OTrT ffiW6l5l ~6ti)WlfCfr egWrilCOlffifT6O'otL ~tU6l5I66rUt.q. ~6lD6\)6lDlJ]llJ rr ~rflllJrA66T ~IJWfT6OT ~6ID6\)6IDW:ii@J6lJ(lfltb ~W \pUL.::I6fr 6ff1 (Ifl6"6TCB6l.lT .!b!Ili>~rD@S §i® (Ifl.:i;tilllJ ffifTlJ"6UtlfLOrTffi& ffi®~uu(b1cflWrpJ§J.

~6OTUU6iT6If1ffi6lf16b c!:p66TCB6N!bpJ:ii¢l!D@1i' .frAllJ ~pJi;!l)WllJrT6OT ~6ti)6\)i;!l) LD:ii~6lJCBLO (Y'lfficflllJ ffifTl) 6lWQWW If ~6OT .:i; ffici) 6UlUJrT 61TIT a;6iTas@@lffiWrpJwrT.

~Wr6IDrollJ ~WbbUU6'fr61flffi61fl66T ~6m6\)6Ci)LDLUrTl:flrflll..Jrfl66T ®6UtlfIT~B'lUllliffi6q)6fT eyJ6&qpl i).lJ6IDffilLJrTffiU L51rfi4ffi60fTtb.

21

(<91) G;'2ifTbCl6b ,§IrTuu6OOfluLj, ~ffirfllLJrt • WrT6UOT6lJrT ~6\)66r $(l]);'2i6D. @T1J<BJDrTffi®u UrnT6TI'l6l..l GffifTmCbl !iL6TI'l~:ii~6b.

(~) ~rTWr 2._6lfur(]. ~66r C26l..16ID6\) 'll:.._iiOOr@ 6T6!ITQjl o®(IJi:$~0J. bIDi).lJrTffi6IT 8'LiJu 61T ~~ID esrr ffi LD L (b1 LiJ u6Udf1 Ljrf1lLj LiJ ;;!)6ID6\)6lDLDlLJrT ffirfllLJrT ffi6fT .

(!®)G~ITb61ro ,§IrTuu6OOf1uLj ~rbpJ, §fT1J(gJ1irT&tErD!D ~l:fIrAllJn- . LDrT6Cl1lT6lJIT ~6&r ffi®~ITLDW u6OOf1Ljrfi\Ljtb ~6O)6\)6ti)LD ~61rf1llJrtffi6fT. ;'2iL61bJ.1rT 8'e.!:Pffi L51lJffIT6I:il6OTffi6IJlTro (!fI@6TI'll.OllJrTffiUL51¢r6l:lTUULL .@6OT, GLDrTbDl, lTlJ]llJ @j(]6:lJ6'tb GtErT6O'ciTL ~@.)6\)@l uIDIDJ ~ rOw I:Fr lLJp)<3'U LiJ G ffirToobrL ;'2i6lD6\)6IDLDIl..J rr ffi rflll..Jrt ffi 6fT. .®!'o;'2i 6lJ6ID ffiu5ifim(g1J ,®ti'iiWJ (] U IJ 6fT 6l5lw ;'ijwbD uu6iT 61ft ffi6ff1ro (!fIIDID] 6IDtEu5iL (]6fr61T6UT IT .

.@6Ofl6lJ ® ib as fT6\).1lli as 6If16'0 IT I5l.I §J I ;'2i 6&r 6lJT 6'0 iliJ ffi ® ;'2i rr ~ ~fD 6lD 1.D lfl ffi ffi ii)11l],b U u ciT 6If1 iJj@6\)6O)WllJrT&1rfiUJrT a; siT ~ LU LOW ~$l51ro tEl)\) 615l ~ 6lD LDIf Ifr cO ,,@6\)ITffirT6tjill GO 61J 6dT io GffiJTGIT 6fT6\) (]6l.I6OOr G;i LD,

~u5l\pUU6IT6If1ffi6ti)61TU U!bp51U CBUCfrtb@UrT@j, UPSR G5~rTff~ (!fIt.q.6TI'lI5l.ld; ffiLLrTllJtb ffTLt.q.ffi a;fTLL:ii~fT66T G56lJ600Tl.q.u5I[!)fficflpJ@. .@uG5UfT6ID9iffi@ .@@I~rT66T €9@ ~r,r ~rtrulTll.ltb Q6'tU\LjLD ~61T@.j (]asm0rTa; .@@ffia; (!fIl!j.lLjtb. ~illbPuusir6rt1a;6Ifl6OT (giJjl:flll..J cg~rtffffl 6l5i~~Lo 30 'Yo, LD6'0rTlUUU6fT6lf! a; 6lf!66r (]iJjrTffffi 6l5l4l~tb 60%.

cPJb6llTfT6i\) uffirrlliJ LOfTt5I6\.l~~6\) o9I6mLO,di~®ffi@ilb B5fTlJlTffi ~!1iI\iDuurn61fJlLjlb, QLD,di~ffiITU :§) til bb U u cir 61fhLjll 9" 6ID 60T UJ ~ t1lW U u cir 6tfl III (€IJ) dl ® ty:lGlIT @J ~ rr IJ 61lN LD IT 1& 6l5\61TrEJ@icFJ GlITrD i]~! 6J 66T?

~uu6i:r 6lfi1&61fJ66T UPS R cg~rT&<f1 6J5lcfl ~ LDffi- LOfTtT 7 0 %. GLO,di ~ ffi fTU ~LJ5lbCll:JU 6fT 61fIu.5lGlIT ~6Q)6D6ll)LDUJfTcfirilLUlJrrlIl @®,di~ ~u'J6lj lOJUrDrn ~® LDco[TOOIr:EJIIlLiJ (gffi1TU1T60 ~6m6D6ll)LDwlT§lrALUm6liT ty:l66T@6OTrrlij.~ ~6ID06Q)1.O~§J6l..Iili uibrDl .@uuLq.ffi llilLQ;1Jffl6Ur!J)fTrr.

"(ijl@ urn6lflffi® wffi6ljili ty:lffidilLULDrr6OT61.JrT o9IuusiT6lfIu..Sl&iT ~6l!D6\)6ml.Owrr§lrfllUrr. ®® urn srt'iu..Sl66T ty:l66r i] 60T rDrntb d91~6D§J t.Jlfbi]u rr ffi@ :;lJ6ll)6D6IDLOUJlTcfimlU6m1) C2LU G urfl~ili cmrT,di$l3l®d;cFJ!D~. "

" urn 6lfI u5l &iT ::tI!D 6ID ill lU rr 60T Iii rb!D 6\:J ffi!b L.51 ~ ~6\5I60 ~ 6ll) 6\) 6ID LO UJ IT 1l'I rfuu rfl66r cti Lq. 60T !lL6ll)\pu(gu G6l.I!bp5!6IDUJ (g)J:\fTffi&l 6TCb1~§J 6ID6l..Iffi®tb QP:;lJ60 ulft,lLjili'1Lg)J$l3IlUfT6OT u Lq.lLjLDfT@ilb" 6T &iT 41 rn rrrt

)!oLD )!o fTL tq.6N .@6irrQ6OTrr19 (!p6irr i] 60T rr Lq. ~ f> u5l iJ;I UU cir 61fJ lU IT ffi:ii ~ I&@LiJ cti rr IJ rr d; ~L.6l hPuu 6fr 61t1 uJl66T ::D6ID6\)6IDLOLUIT cfirfllU rr~19 ~ IT. fflJ6lD1J1J rr ~. ~~ C26l.J !lL ooUr 6ID1.O.

:@uu61TGmu5l&iT 1997 ~tb ~6'dbTUj.&iT UPSA. cg~ri'6lj (!pLq.6ljo$6Tr.

1) ffi6OOfl~Lo 90.6%

2) ~L.tl \iD Gil.OfTb6l &19~.@J61lNtT ~6\) 1 00%

3 ) ~t1lblJ G1l.OlTb151 coL (B\6Q)1J 1 00%

4) ~p5I0l5lLU60 100%

5)cg~1l'IUJQl.OfT~ ffl®~fflJ61lNrT~ro 100%

6) cg~41LUQl.OfT~ ctiL(b16IDJj 77.4%

7) ~rEJcFJ6\)tb 88.7%

~W~U uffi61fJffi® UPSRcg~IT6J5l6\) iJlG06'O (g~rT8:cfi~6Q)L(l5~~.0ctilTffi "SHEEL MERIT AWARD" 1977 ~tb ~6O'm'Ctil 6l.JbOr:5JffiUUL.L@j. 41!Ddi~ ::D6m6\)6illl.OwfTcflrAl1J®ffiffilT6tIT GlSl@~lb ~® .@J600r,rlJfT~ d916l..IrTa,(€IJ)d;@) EWRF 6l..I!'plll:ilf:lw.@J.

22

3 ) torr 600f 6l.JrT en6ir 7 u rTU5.Jdi61fl@,2llb A lO~ U G1 u60N GiurDl!)J lO<] ruIflUJrr6lS16D IfIJD.rt~

~u51bbLJucir61flUJrr enffi esrrnrr ffi ~u51bbuu6ir6lfl ~en~4liD~'

/1<f!) jliJ&1l)I.T!JJTm ,mwrTlbm gi&1l)ro&1l)ID~~WW utbiJJ 61W6lIl (fia!W<ilIDJTrT?

"~® ucirclll.l5l66T Gl6l.J!DJDlffi@5lb <]~rT6D6lSldi@jlb ~6(j)ru6mLDUJrrlflrAUJ<]1) QP&4lUJ Giu rT{PJ U u rr 6fT rt . ~6(j)6\) 6ID LDUJIT #I rAUJ rr en 60N esrr 6llUfI U u ¢I @,2Ilb LD~ U L!j G Gilf uj 6l.JstJ@,2Jlb QP ~ 6liT 6tD ill UJ rr 6llT Iil.IIJ rr di I&j io QP ffi 4l UJ LD rr 6UT Iil.IIJ rr di 6lj io 6l5l6lT nil ® 4l6liT iD rr iT . .@ ¢IGi:> 6l5lL(]&QenrTGil~f9JLJCgUrT@5lb <]u&lfrdiCEdi _@LL.til®&enrTf9J . .@®ffidici>~LrT.@.

~41rf1UJrTen6'iT, l..OrT6OlJr6l.JrTen6'iT l..O!DlPllb Qurj)<]jDrTrTdicllLlb CEpilJlrJ,UJrTdi C&l..O!DGdirTOOL ~uj6l5l66ruLq. §i® ~6ID6\)6rol..OLUrTlflrAl!..JrALL.b .;t'bbffidi6ciJrL· JDrj)u6ciJrLidi6'iT Lfldi&JLD 6T ~rTUrTrT &diLJ uGl4l66TJD6UT.

1) LDrT6OOT6l.JrT, GUrj)CEiDrTrt. ~&lrAlLJrTdi61flLlb pi6liT® <]u4luUl,Pdi <]61.J6OOrGlb.

<§I6l.JrT di6(j)6fT pi6N ® LD~ c$ di CE6l.JooGllb.

3) t.5\1Jff.&i6ro6UTen6ID6lTU GurA.@ UG~~rTLD6D ~LLnildi6ID6tT~ ~LLq., GlflLJ6DrT&dilb Glfuj~ u6'iT6lflu5lw $D1J;'t6ID~ <]l..Olbu(!;l~$D !l1.....6IDbD;'t~6D G61.JwGillb.

5) !jJ® LDrT6OOT6l.J@lffi@5 !jJ® ~r'56ro$DUJrTdi6ljt.b, $DrTlLJrTdiI&jLD, ~&irflLUlJrTdi6ljlb .@®d'if9J u6tlOftUJrT,ril iD <] 6l..I6Oisr(!;lLD.

6 ) usir 6'IfIu5l6liT CE ~rt &61 ®6tD (D6lJ rr di <] 6l.JrT -9lW6DtPJ ~IJLD @6tDJD6lJrrdiCE6l.Jrr .@® .rt~rT 6D o§I;:lirj)® "pirr66T~rT6liT" QUrT(!)JuLi 6T66T4lwiD diL6IDLDI.l..j6OOTrT6lj @®ffienC&6l..I6ON(!;ltb.

~rTUUrT6OflUJrTdi6ir, $DrilCflcll6Ur 6lJrt~$DCfl $llPl6l.J6lrrlD u(!;l !D~LLD -9l6IDL.rt$DrTCErurT, <§I6Dru~ ~rildi6iT ~6IDru6(j)LD~f9J6l.J;'t~6N If:bb (EIDrTlJ 6l5lu~~ci>diG6fTrr. -9llflDUrT6l5l~iliJdi(E6fTrr PiL.rt)ljrT6D ARA KIRI 6T6UrQ)! )lj!DGidirT6ID6D G1IfW~ GdirT6ir6lJf9J LDIJLj·

23

e!:P66T(]!D e!:Po5N:WI LDIT6llllT&lrTd36TI uu51@,}ltb SRJK (T) Ladang Tupah, Kedah uffi6Tflu.5l6&r ~!D rnb 6lJ@juL516i:J U PS R uri' L 6m1f li5l6\) ~CI9 LDIT600T 6lJ6lIT IfoJ._Li; C2~rT a: If) GU!D6l5lGiJ 6<1)® 6T6lITrnrTOO .§iuw6h"61fIu.SI6lIT ~6U)6\)6GJL.O ~cfI[fhlJrt ARA KIRI CbllftU~ Ga;rT6h"€lT C26lJ6Obr(bltb 6T6NU~6i:J6\), LOrT!DrTffi 0M 129@ LDrT&mr6lJM IfoJ._L4i C2$1lrTa:.#I GU!D CSPll:}LUITLOGD C2UrTw6lSlLL.§9J 6T6&rU6GJ~ffi ffiLLrTUW (]WrT41.$C6 (g6lJW(8ILD. aI(bl4i~C]i;~ ['5I6lJrTi;@ GIfWW UrTt]U(]f!i6D (]61J6dor(]w.

"lfjroro (glbtTicP ~&IJ6WL umliJili.@ib fi)!D6IIHDUJ!DID ~6IJ)rurrolDUJlJdllflUJtT 6)lIJIl.1l1UiBroonro. (glb,jwd! @oMJ6IUJ umliJillb@ibdiWOIfJwUJlJm 1b0000romwwIJJlfwrf &'l'ulJ.!D.uirJIro ~®iIudiru6lJ)ru •. " elm @1M"wlr!D.

,:5~~~

Q a-D>U 6 ~G?

24

~uSlwuuwrorfl U}/J cftfmm dl@981@ji; ~~60mlllUJfT IIrflUJrT lllL ffi'1WG\)'i\) 4J, 51rflUJrT di@9Lo dlfT/J ~Lo.

,{!) 1m fill) ImLD ILJ IT 41 rfl UJ IT LD L ffii W a; IT!T iffiT LD GiJ GIl <t!, 4l rf) UJ rt LD IT IT (Of ci.J errr glI ~®8;.$l.m-;lDliiUTrT IQT.m-JPI ~~fill)omLDILJIT41rflUJrt ~®lOlJrt 5'ri.glIffia;IT~(]ultio.

~IT6lT ItLD GiJ Ufill) (]QlIiM6lT a; 6Ifl~ ,ffi ItffiJ.s;W ~!h It 61J tljJ !hom fill) ~ LDILJIT 41 rfllLJrt .s; W .!ll1iilSisr~rt <m.L GlliL!l!-®ffiil(],!Dltw. IQTf"iUEW1.m- ~~(]urrm-;lD ®~;lDa;mm:5

#Ifill) <t!,41rflILJIT a;G1fi.m- ® ~,ffifill)~.s;w ~ci.JGl.Irrg}l ~®.$a; (]LD~W 4lGIJrflG&" !h4l@~'§!h:5 !h1iiUT(]LDrr GiCTrr~~b LDrrmrr.@l.

I!)liIIrumIDUJiJdlrffLIti a6iJ6Jf1lflloiJ @®~l!)lJoU 81m .!If,fflrffLI!T!&m -.m.w.r.iUlJn'il>m, .mUilOlJW 1b(fjIiIlIDWIJIh ._mmUwrrrffim • .mmrruoU ,ffiJT1Tri1mWlIffi. "ruwaUJ "IUMmImLLIJI8OUIJ umOJilci.urnLIb ruL@!i:i .d}@rmow IZulJoU .!&dl6lJl@m.

1!I~mQld; Gia;rr~@ QI®W ~41rflUJrta;6fr illt5,i1u5r6D Il>6DGIJ Ufill) ~41rflUJrta;w ~ ® 8; a; (] Q/ Gi 1fuJ.$l,l!)rr IT a; 6Tr • ~ GlJrt ffi iliID W !l> rr ffiJ 8H;IT LD,fD . .ffitlj] GlliL 6tlJ 6lJ 6lIlfill) 6TrnU,SliiliIDIiiUTILjW ,SlilliJa;m .s;GlJ~iJ.J5l.ID®4 G1a;rr~(bl 1QlJ®.$lQ,fDrrw. 4J,liiUTrrGiJ ~~,Sli

25

9@i m6DrT @®ffi4l,mITrTa;w. 6Trir~ Gid"ITrir~IT.®llLD Um-GTfJd;@j~ thITLOtDLOrra;~tDIT~ @:j@i6l.JrTrTa;~. ~rDlJL._#lUJLOrra;~tDITW GlIC!!i6l.Jrrrra;G'ir. d"rrffi@ju(]uftffi@j Qd"rr~6l.J;tl~ d"LOrl-ffiftirTa;Gir. ~~moiJ uwrorf/ QP41Ljw QPwGlu a;tDGlf, d"rir~~ 6T~GlJrrW d"rrj}tJWlL._$I "G'lLTlQ-II.lJTa;" $l,[JurriTa;Gir. Lj!!)uu(B\GlI;5,ID@j.

@.m@1G'lLOrr® Gllld"UJQPLD tfjuSllPuuifrrorf/ ~J)rflUJrtLOlTrr LO~.@U£~fLmr(B\. ~$J .ffirrmGl~r.iJ@j, WlmGlJUJITIDffl, u~CFftUl,UJrrlPulT!Om"W 6T.mU.@J aUlTrir,m @m- GlLOlTfI/ W,LiJg)Jw Wtfj .lUimrTGlf .@JaGlld"r-b ~@jLb.@.ffim GlIlma; J).ffitDlmWlUlTwrta;w CV(]m-1T t!i1T(]rnlT 6TWWtDlTm a;)i:J,miib a;)i:JUl$tD~:'!lL.j$J~lTrta;Iiir.,

@6l.JrTa;Gir Ulliirmwa;w ;i:!it1.l1PUuGfrIDfflu5liib tDm~(Qlji>~ uITrtuu~Lb !jiOUmGlJ, u@uu~Lb li~lm61J.

IiGlJrTa;1Oir ;i:!itRww..TI-GTfJuJ16\J ufiJ-j~.$ Qa;iT(£iuUlTrTffi,;IT. d"LouwLb GluWGlJITrTa;G'ir • .ffiIT.@2J Glrumm ,$Iiik;u Gd"lTgHd"lTuUl(B\6l.JITn-a;Gir. :L~ffiJ(]lUiTa;U QUC!!imLO(]ILJrT(£i tDmGlJpfiu5JrTm.@J GlJrT~,ll)l'l'1i a;~. Qa;1T(8 d"LD :LjDGlJrTtq,..$ (]a;LLIT6iJ tDtEilP uifrrorf/did».Lf1iIa;w 6T tD,ID@j ? @ W.§ i> tD ,u9 /pu U,;IT 'i>IfIi; an..L. r5J1j; Gir (] .§ 1m GlJ tD rr 61IT IT ? @,dit5 .ffi Iii'1I m- 0$ rr 61J ffi,stl (] Gtl tDwl,buUITLj,m,S1)§l® UITL.l1lITa; mQl8;8Tdi.tiL(£i "LiTrorulT~mtbI.llID WliUlTuJ 6iuaaro ~&'.:Bd~ruoo,~rufMtblT(8®Jn 6TG'OrUrrrTt&Iiir. lil,ditD WrT;tlrfJu (]U8>md"GlUJ5\.JGtllTLD aa;L._@U:i tDuQwf d"~a; l£l ffia;G'ir tfjmGtlILJITL@QJIT/TB;G'ir. ,§}uS!!:p[JlTa;U ,U)jDmtD tDu5i!:pIT #/rflILJrT a;@9LD ft1mGOO.JirL@GlJrr!to$W. ~f1iIa;GTfJL.ll ~uufiJ- GludllLJrurr IUrTrT r.iTm.!J)J Gla;ITc§5Lb dn.L r§l P, rT ~.i <T> LD rT LL lTfya; G'ir . tfj uS!!:p rt CF e!P a; U:i tfjrr rir "2!,L.® LD t5 1m ~ 6T m JDIT 6\J tDuSI!jllT JJdlCLllT a;@9Lil~LQjl l.l)rj)lmtfja;Gir GUrrGtlrr .tJGlllLL.JTn- B;W.

26

~L6JbbuuGir6JfJ4 Bill..Lffilt5.6'rfi6iJ Jf)6/;f)!D1lJ lF6l.JfT60ctiW [@®ci5@' Ullpi:8'61D6OTcti@r, @6l.JfTfJrB;cti6Tr, @I61fJf/lTCfi6Tr l§1!!5,$@! JBj®j1)1lJ r:gurrlJfTI~_LfliJcti6fr @®ci5@! @6lJJD6IDfDGtuGDrurrw 8'wfT6JfJ4~ Jf)6ro6/5T" $!JlU (Surr£Trr(j)UaJrfcti6W6lT <£?iuul4 (8UJ gurci5C§ ru/@rB;!1L (Ju@tf8'rrOOcti@!JW, (YJ.§i6ID6Dt6@!JtD i@®di@.

~&~ (2 6lJ 6ITJ fill" .§iu5J!prf 8' f!Yl<!£U Lf/fJ tf 8' 6ID 6NctisTr ~u5J!pUU6Tr 0085 f,ir/'J.ru .§i rr 60br L 6l.JtD ~LJTw6b ,@®ffi@w 6l.J6ID85uJ).ru Jli6b60 U6\) ~cflrflturft6@Jjtb! GJli[!5JULL .§iaJ4#rurTd5@JtD £@@dic1JwwrrrT85W. ~J:5;2iU #/6lJ []6i)6lJfT#lrflturt836f[rr6'0~rrdr! 61tuITcti >L6OOfrT6l..j /flci585 ~ til rflllJ rfa; 6ff rr 6D .§i rrWr ~ u51!p U u 6ir 6'IfIcti 6Tr ,@Wtp1 6lJ 6ID IT tiD tt ci5@t.5i t.q- ~f9J 6ir 6lT 6Cfr . .§i1J ~.§ifT@JtD Fl'GlQctirrCEldicfJ613r)D6N.

~ u51~uu 6fT 61fJ as 6fT L.5lv- tf8'6ro6ITr as@0r!E @ ~~ 6ID 6\J6WLD llJ rT !JrfilLJrr ffi 6fT, ~!JrfllLJrt as 6fT LDL (£Jill C5rTlJ 600rW6D6\J; GludJ C8fDrTrt as@!)LD ffirTlJ 6WrW.

~ u5l!p U U m 6TfJ u.5i6i) ffi 6U &JI es eD ® Lb LD tr 600f 6l.J IT t£ 6TfJ oar Q u eD CB {D rr IT @® CB 611 [!)l (® b06Udi6if)6U 611rrtDU611rT dim. <B)I61D611: J9diITY{DLb & cf:liJrrwYfDLb. J9dirt Li{Dd; ®b0061D~Ciim 27, 242 C8u®Lb, ctIiJrrLDLifD @i!P061D~t£6Tr 67, 659 (2u®tb ~u9!puum6TfJt£6TfJru ulij- ci;ctIfDrrrt dim.

~)rsiJ6lSI® ®!p60t£6TfJ60 @®0/tl1 ~u9~uum6TfJci;@i 6lJ®Lb LDrr£OOr611rtt£w 611{!)16tDW U L L @i(J)Lb u~ ¢leD@ @_rfltU611rt ffi m 6T 66rgu UIJ 6l.J6\) rr di u6l)iJ fT60 CB UCF UU (£l611~ ~@)Ju611ubhrt6lJLDrr6UT COlumu ~@Lb. U6\) ~1JUULL 6lJrtci;di~¢l6UTrt @ilP06W~dim ~ WI bbuum 6TfJ ffi6ff)6U ul!). d;ciJ{D fTrT t£ m . 6l5ILU rrurrrfldi m , 8T tUQ~ rrltl6i) (Ijl6tD 60T 611tT di m, tPJLj6OOT$§/6lJ §/61D{D, L.~$l(gtUfT$Lb (fITtTrE~611tT, U6OOTd;difTfJ, J9(J)~~1J 6lJtTd;di~::tJ6OTtT, .aiJ 8'rrffiJdi !L~;;tJ(2UJIT <556iD¢l6OTrt, Gi~IT~6l)rrwtT<55m @UUl!).UJITdi U6D 6116IDffiu.5i6OTrT @j!P061D~ffi6fr i'lJt.6J~uuw6TfJdi6TfJ6U ul!j.¢i'lJfT§lJLb .a$ldiLDrrdi @@UU6lJtT<$w .a6i)6\)~ ulij-uu6l.JrTt£m @iJw6l..J 611{gJ61DWd;@iff Cftbu0i'lJuULL6l.IrT <$6fr 6T6UrQ)/ 8iJ:LQ)/i'lJCB6D <'HFItUIT@Lb.

611{gJ61DW, tjJ"!p6IDW 6Bt:Qil L.5I6ir61DWffim 6T6UrUi'lJfT6U di60&J1u.51ru .a6lJIT856Tr 8T6OOfc6ffiLb ffiITL(£lctl{DITtTdi6fr 6f150T{!)I 8in.£PIi'lJ~tb 6T6cirr@lJ~@lJtb Giu@0i'lJ6l.J[!)l· i'lJLI!j.GiIL/@UUJ6OTfT6U .,E)/6l.JITffi6TfJ6dr a;60@j]l1.JIT£D{DGO 8T6OOrLd; <$mi.JfftilUJ UfTro61ir 8T61D6lJ (2urr6D ,@61Jfi61DW Ul1.JUU~IT<55, 8T6ID6lJ UUJUU~ITffi ~@d;c€l61irfD6OT. 6T6lJT(86lJ L.5IIJffCf6ID6Nd;@rflUJ Gi U £D (2 fD fT tT as 6fT rr 60 ~ IT tb .,E)/ ~ IT 6lJ§/ ~ u5l./p IT ~ Lb 8' e!P 85 U L.5IIJ 8= CF 61D 60T <55 C8 W rr (£i Q~ITLrtLj61D L l1.J6lJrT ffiWIT6\Ji'lJITW ~u5lbbuudn;mffiGir urrg5iuLj c6@i6frWIT$iwfD615T· .,E)/ 611 tT a; W rr 60 e., ® 6lJ rr@ ill L.5I iJ ff Cf 6ID 6N ffi 6ir CB J9IJ l!). <Ell GO 6D §/ W 61D !D (Ijl <55 8'ITrtLj61DLUJ6OT 6lJIT ffi ~(I]j 4,ctIWJD6lJT.

Jbrrr] ~@&JIl1.J J516ID60u.5i6i.l ~0¢lUJrta;6TfJ6\J, ~u5l!ptT 8'epCii @!P06ID~coW ;;Vrrw

C8 U IJ W 6lSI ru <B)I ;'5 rr 6lJ §/ @ c6 co IT 6i) 6l.I rr til 6T ru 6D rr 6lJ 61D a; U 6ir 6TfJ ffi 6TfJ @lJ CB LD

L.5IIJ ff8'6ID6OT c6@irflUJ6lJtTdiWfT<$ §)@t£cf:lJDfTtTdi6ir.

W6lJrtffi6TfJ60 Giu(l]jLbu®¢lu.5i6UTtT (1flQP61DwUJfTa; c$tilrflUJtT<556t06fT wL(J)CBw J9udJ ;'5ffiJ CfJ 6ir Di6ir 61D6TT Cii6TfJ6cir e;6i)6llJ C8wLbufTLllJ-!D@ flLrflUJ 6T ;;tJtTUITtTU61DU 6tD6lJt£ciJfDfTtT t£6ir. L.5IIJ iJ&(2 UJffiWrr ffi ~tiJffi6fr UJ6fr 61DW e;6ir e;6i.J 6l5J J96D61Jfiru .at£e;6IDfD G<55mm- 6lJ¢lru 6t06\). &;60615) J960ill CBU@li6lJ¢lru61D6D, Cii@§/6l1§iW .@6i.J6ID60,

27

L_6Ol5f6lJ 6lJ6lDClidi6'ffJ~ d'~@6OOr6l.j 6lJ6ttJdiu.5Jci) iJj6JJ6tJflo G1tF§lJ~;BfTW~ 6lJ6lTrf<i@ilo UJW61DS!TiJjr]6lT .@f5l..JrrdiW L.5i6fr6lD6fTdi6fr. g?jflj6OTrr~ !l!_L6D 6lJ6fTrr8:'cfI, e!P6W6lT ~JbJD6b ,g.;JbJD L.5IW6W6lT·86fr WW !I!_@6lJfTa; WfTL-LfTrfr5i6fr?

G1U@loUfT60fTwr GuJb(8JDmrr5i6'ffJw t51w6W6fTa;W J]wGl6UrWl ULL6;Urra;6JTfTr5i @@UU~6\)6lD6U. a;fT(T6"OOTW ~60nlldi .#I{1iflj6lD61JTu.;tb J]WQ6OTJI5l iJj6D6J5IlLpll ~6lJrfdi@i~®u UJiDULj 0P;B60 6TLL@5IW61l)6\),

6l5J6lJfTa;(T~@I, UJrfI{1i@ 6lJfT@lo ®(bJtbud5@1 UJW6OJ61Tdi61TfTa; u6fr6TfJ4@ 6lI@LD WfT6Ol5f6lJrrdi6IT U6\)rr i!?2ll:~CD~~JT6D, ~4iJj~;BfT6i.l 6OJiJj6J5lLUULL WfT6OOr6lirfiJjS!TfTc& ~C26iITrr, fBfT(8WfT 6TWfPJ u6fr6'ffJ4@ 6lJ®6l.1~tb §l® 6l.I6lDiJj t51118:1F6lD6OT .

.§I;:D 6DT rr 6\) ® (bl tb u GI JB:d5l1lJ tb !D ' t516fT 6l.f U L L @i Gl Lb u ~ ~ t51roir 61l) 6fT iJj 6iT fT a; iJjfTL cflUJ6ffki;41wJD 61JTrf.

@tS}iJjfTlJ G1urb (8!DfT®~® .§I~fT6lJtPJ fljiJjUUfT6OT@ ~@i :?Lrf)1lJ t51w6lfJ6lTa;6Tr ;;Billl,buu6fr6'ffJ86ffi6i:J 60% .@®dic&wWGJrrT 6T6NU§Jf5l/W QUfT®£B@lw. @tS} (8ufT61Dtl34@j <EJb6JTfT $I @i(bltbud56ID;;B §;Jtbcfl4@tb 6lJ6lDG5 Glum (8JDfTffa;6Tr QdifT!iOOr L @(blwutb 1 0 % 6T61lT6'I)rrtb . .@6lirT a;6Tr ®(blwU~61Dtl3 WL_(bltb {@tbcflUU6lJrTdi6fr a/6\)6\). <EtI{1ifB G6lJn§I(8llJrr(b) uw6ffl4® 6lJ~g;J di6\lfTLLfT 6lJltl3mLfT6lJfT~tb GIFIiJU6lJrf8i@9W ~6lJrf. ULL6tmTW LJiDrliir5!srfiw& @61l)!D6l.J.~(2tl3 a'6lJ6lD61T ;BlliJdi6IT @jy.J,6J61D~a;6)fI6N fl56U61IThoiJ ~4$61D!D GdifTI;OOr(j;l ur,Tnill14® &I@1ff5@)1w @j6lDID6lj· 6'l5JlFfTrfI~:t!5WiLb @6l!DJD6l..J.

(]ulf#lG\) $lfll,DrTd'i6IDG1l uSlr@J8' QPtq.llJfT~ 6T6NUrT. ~,di~ .6lJfTuJu(]uffar, 6lJLDLjU (]Uff& (]UB' GluW(]QJfTrTd'i61TfT6'OT ~6lJrTc&ciT §l6OOfl,di§i 6lJ®Lo §;Iub ~Ul\puuciT61fIffiW ~®tb. ~(];'t) Glu!b(8QJfTrT ;:ljLD WfT6'OUT6lJrTffiW L..51QJ GlLDfTb6ldi6lfiru uLq.~~fT6\) 6TLI!j. (]lLJ r.§!b UfTrT ffi6IT. di rrrr 6'00fLD, GlLOfTbDlu L..511J If IF60)6\lT. Gd'i6'IT1J 6lJ u L..511J 1f8'61D6Ol1Ljw,;:li6N LDfT61lT U L..511J If IF 6ID 6N lLf W ~ rlir (§ <@[6lJrT d'i@5$ ® ~ ~ 6N 6t\) 6tlT ~ u5I UJfT LD (] 60 cg UJ 'iT !b U L CbI 6l5lCbl416iir[D6OT .

diL6t\)lJ') L6'OOfrT6l.1.rDm, Giu!D[D6l..IrT 6T@lltD Qwrr(9Juy~ ~o6-r6tDLD ,@j!DID LD{Btl3 Lj::ii~, C81ffTLD(] U u51i'ii$61lTW u5idim6l..lIT ffi@itD .@J,di ~ u G udiB PJ rrrr d'i6lflru .,§iLJE (§ 6l..IrT. esrr 6ID6'0u51ciJ 6T@~~ L..51WW6TTffi@9c5@iu ucFIlLJfT)JJ 0r.DUfTG GilftiJ$ciJ, $6Q)6\)6lJrnfi .,§i1,D@ uG~$ ffiffiJl'6fTrf1il~.;\), ~JTliJ6O)LD u@::iJ¢1 ~@.IuLj~GD C8UIt6Or[D .,§i~UU6tDL 6lSlIfUJIliJ&€iflru oo.L ®6UJ[DufTffii @_6ITJL,1LJ U6'0 QUr.D(E[DfTrTdi6Tr §)®dicf,j6Or~6OTrT.

28

.@~~6IDffiUJ COIu(b(]!DITrTffi6Tfl60 lfl6\)rT COIu~C&OJITrt ~lflrflUJr'r CFrliJffi~~60 2LIDJU[j6(ITITa;61TITffi ~Lln GU~IDJ @5lLLITITffiW 6T6UfI60 G8'IT606\)6l.jLb <]6lJ6ObrGlLDIT ... ,@6l.JITa;(]61TITG) [j1)4'8'6ID6(ITffi®rflUJ ~6ll)6\)6IDLDUJITlflrflUJr'ra;@0Lb , LD60@J ffiL(blLb 1fl6\) ~ffirflu_JfT di®Lo 8'LbuJI;:;'Du L LIT diGiT 6T 6OfI60 @(bJu'l t...5lLq. [j IJ 1f8'6ll)6(IT ~IT6Or.

UJITrflLln (]pjrT6IDLD ,@®ffidl6lIT!D~ 6T6lIT!Pl UJIT®ffi@)(]LD yrflUJITLD60 6T60WIT®Lb C&PiIT6IDL06O:lUJLl..jLb, 5lirTLD~6ID;:VlLjLD, ~@ffidi~6ll)$ljlLjLb ~6\)LDITdi 6ID6lJ~~ <]ulflffi COIdiIT6OOrt.q:.®UUITrTdiW; 6l.JLDLJffi@i dilTl)6llllT diIT~~lTffidi6Tr ~6lJr'r. @irD!D@jCFfTLGlJ6l.J.§JLD @)6O:lOJ Bill.. IDl6l.J ~ LD .@6lJITdiW @5l8'UJLb . ~ UJ IT Pi IT 6()T IT 6T &IT U (g U IT IJ IT GlJ 6lJ ~ LD §@JITa;C& 61T ~ ITLD. ~u'l~uuw €If] 6:8bbcfffiffi@) diITI) 600T LDIT6lJ~LD ,@6lJITdiC&61T$ljITLD .

.@;I,§JC&UIT&iTfD [j1J 4'1f6ID6lIT C66Tr or G\) 6\)ITLD PiLDffiCOI a;~~ @) 6T 66r IDJ ~u5lbb U u ciT 6Tfla;6tl)61T QPrDfDITa; LJ!Dd;a;6OOf1uu@JrTa;w .@®UU6ID~ 61llL 6T6lJ6lJ61T6l.j L.51l)cf8'6ID6(ITa;6iT ,@®JI;;:VIT§2ILD .§!6ID@JGUJ606\)ITLb C66OOrt.q:.UUITC6 a;6ID61TUJW~G1 61llGLD, 6T6lITIDJ PiLbL.51 ~u5IhPQLDITta <]LD60

~u'lbDrT 6T6Or!D 2L6llllTrT6l.J1T60 2LGiT61T U(b!D1T60 ~u'lbbUU6iT6Tflffi@9ffi@)~ ;:vffiJa;GiT

® bDr'D6ID ~di 6O:l 6lT cSII@lUYLD LDIT60N y®rfl lU I LDrflUJ IT 6ID5liffi@)rflUJ QUID C&!D 1Tr'ra;sfr U6\)rT §®ffia;(g6l.J GlfLudljDfTrTffiGiT.

PiID U60N yffi Bill..IDJ a;6Tfl6lIT ,§! 6OOf1 <'Ii 6\)6lIT ffi61T1T 6()T cS116l.JIT ffiW :;'D6ID6\) 6IDLDllJ IT 1fl rfiUJIT ffisfr !Ji 60 6\) IT 1fl rfl UJ rt ffi 6iT U 6\) ® L 6liT @ 6O:l 600T ~ ,§J COl IT UJ so u L GlJ cf, G di IT 600r CB 5li IT 6lIT §®ffidl jDITIT C6sfr. ~ ~5li6O:la; UJ !J)ru6\) G U ID C& jDITr'r di6lfl6lir ~ 66ryill .§II) 6lJ6O:l6llllT U Lj ill !2)IT6lIT 6T~$li6O:l6UTC&UJrr ~u'lbbUUW6lfldi6ID61T~ ~ffidi 6ID6l.J~g.Jci; G)difTIiiT®ill, ~6ID6\) ~IDl~~LD (]UIDJcf,@j @L._(Ylf G8'60dl6llT!D6OT I UW6lfIdi6Tfl6llT 2Lu.S\rt e_I:fllf6ID8' ~L.t.q:.cf,dicf G8'tUdl6llT!D6OT.

6T6lJ@J61TC&@JIT [jl)cf8'6{l)6UTdiGIT .@®r'D,§JlD .... cS116lJrD6al,lD 6T~rtGdiIT6OOrG)l6T~IT ~1f8'60 ,§/t.q:.cf,@)LD U6\) 8'@JIT60 Lilffidi <]8'6ID6lJ G!J)~416UTrT di61TIT6UT C&LDIDdi6OOrL .m60G!J)~8'U G U dJ cg OJ IT IT di6ID 61T LY LD $li 6ID6\) 6ID LDUJ IT ffirfllU r'r di 6ID61T LY to I Pi 60 6\) IT IflrfllLJ IT di 6ID 61TLY Lb 61ll L ®6lITIDJ 6lJ6ID1) ~u'l~UUW6Tfld56ll)61T 6lJIT~6l1Iffi@)ill U6OOf1diorfl6i:J [j!D 6T6lJ®Lb u51@jffiL QPt.q:. UJIT ~.. .. .. .@6lJIT&6Tfl6lIT @uJ 61.1 ~6lfI cflT6\) rD jD 2L 6O:lI,PU Y cf,@)U L.516llT 60fIT so ~IT 6lIT all) ffiUJ606lJIT ~d56fr ,§!6lJ6lJUC8 UIT ~ ~6ll)6\) .§IT ffidl "PiITrliJ di@Dill G8'tU (] $liITLD" or &(pJ (]UrT @JrraiJdl GdiITWdl!DITr'rffi6iT; Bill..L LOITL !1L!2)@5l GlfuJdl!DITITffi6IT; <gl;:!J!2)1T6O:l1T Ljrflc€l!DITrTffiGfr.

J1i<OD G J1i@)CfrliJcnGlr _@6i:>6Drnn6Drr LD6IDtp G urrbB ~ p)~ .

29

•

o u9!U if u mw u\r ff wrom IJi @Jib ®ib !!J 6W 6\hlD WIU IT iP tf u.i Ii: , 8.b J.'IIf IU Ii: IJim, blu!bC3[f:)iJli&m WL(11Wro6U; Ji)j!ilJa&ill WJJIid;~ !!Ju9!1}a w~lhrj

U'iJ Ii- (f 611) m IJi G IiJJ •• •• • &IT 17 ®1JW.. !!Ju9.wri W@& £1117 J. (f 5lD OM & ill

1U1T6iD6lI .,

~ a;OO6D LOr:D.rn>5 6l.JrTbi;!6lJ

~ a;6DrTlfB'ITI)LD LOr:D.rn~ 6l.IrT~6lJ

!

:><: B'LOW io a1p5iWrT::D. 6l.IITbP6lj

~ L06'OTLD & .$61lN (]urTdi@)$cga;(DW 6l.IrT~6lJ

~. rP(Du6OiJrydi,5m..W a1rD.co 6l.JITbP6lJ

~ cgUfT@~@) 6l..l8'uu(b1Lb 6l.IrTbP6lJ

~ a;!by QrP.o5lwrD.co 6l.IIT\P6lJ

~~ ~rn.uQ.lDrrb6l6IDUJu I ~LBbbuu!D6ID.cow y.codiC66lJOf]ffi®Lb 6l.IrTbD6lJ

1t Q UrT ®6TT IT :$fTl) (gl.OOOr6mLDllJdlro 6lJITbD 6l.t

~ a11)41wGD @irTwtb ,§I.cD!D 6lJfTI,P6LJ

~ GLOrr~~\'iiitlGD ~66r6m6'OTw[!5\WrT~ 6l.IIThP6lJ

~ (ohDrr\'ii~\'iiitl<;0 pj6\)60 (Y.l66TL.DfT~rf1 ,§I.cD.co 6lJlThP6lJ

cgLO(DC6 61lN L ~LB!prt tFebPdiU L.5l1) B= tF 6ID6OT C6m ~ u5l!p rt a;6lf16ID L cg W ~6\)61) rrL06DrT ~tf.lbbuucin'''fllE6lf16\) a;fT6OllTUULU C8urT4l!D@j, B'~a;\'ii6ID~& 8'rTrtrb~ a1JE.!!l ,§IC2';:v LOd;<'EciT ~rTC8LO ~L.tl:1Puu6fr6lf1a;6lfI<5b £~1c~])d;41!Drrrt <'EciT, ~tflkJ;luu6fr6lfla>6lf16\.) LOL(b1LO<;06D iosornu u6fr6lf1uJl6i:l Ut.q.d;@)tD ~u5lbDrt 5(Ylffi L.Qd;ffi@jLb 8'rA; #6N, L51JD L5l1)~~a;lUa; uGi'n,rf)a;6'ff16iJ U llJ- d;® th !:!i ib LO rr 600f 6lJ IT di!g!j th 8' rfl, Q ill rr ~~¢16\) C8LO (D a; 61lN L 6l..I IT\,b d; 6ID <$, ~ rr ih 6lJ IT bb4lJD rrrr C6 Gil " . . 129 CEil . . . @5 L 6CD L a; 61fI66T LD L 6!l) L ffi 6lT IT C6 . a16l.1 rt.$ 6'ff16\) 6lSl~6l5Iwd;a;rT6N6l..Jrt&@9d;@j j!lrTtD ~6tD6\) 6l.I6OOfiliJ®C86.l.JITtD,

30

8 ,§II) 61lUiu &lIT ~C66iT u600filLJ IT? 8 I:FLDlU6l..IIT ~a;6iT U601lfllUlT?

8 8' e_l,PC6 Q;1:F6lll6l..llU lT61TrT a;m u rurtlUJ IT?

~ ~uSl bOrT Cf'e!j}diU L.5l1J 8= s 6tD 6'OT di 60) 611 ffi6O)611lli tb 6lJ 6tD di I errrr 6OOf1, 6lJ~ LUrT§l?

~ ~uSl!:p rT Cfe!j} di U L.5l1J 6: Cf 6tD6lIT &60)611 ct di600f U Gu rr @ ~6\) C66tDW lLJ

(YJ t.q.lli UJ rr ?

r;;;. • rm\ • r-. ..f1 • ?

'01 d'l6OOf (;Z)I6tDLDU 'DIUrT@~IW &6O)61TlLJ (YJ~lliLDrr .......

(!P t.q. u..j ill ..

(!Pt.q.u..jLh ""'" .,

31

:$L.6i b08= 8'e!:Pdi Lmi;dicir .!Ilr dirflLDrmrr CB U8= 6CilB'd;, di6Uft6lJ rr 6ZlT CBu8= IStD 8'U GU@LDUIT@lllb LD!D!1i~ 6J\l,LITrTdi6ir. (gUiCh miTU{hJ 9<!b li/DibffJ IJ>6!I>5t). ~!1i!Du CBU8=6'rd; di6IDe.'l6CillU ~L LDiD!1i~ 6J\LLrrn-&cir. ffi6ID6U LD!D!1i~, 6lJIT\p6lj.s® CBu8=&ffi&6ID6'J LD!D.di!D 6lJITbbCB6l..l (lfl!Dru Ul!!-LLJIT@LD ..

UiP Co CB U rrw.oo di6Uft!1i::v Cd8'rrrb& cir ~@ffi®ti:/;g urr t9l, diITLU CB UIT 6N!D diGl6CilLDLLJ rr 6ZlT dilfffi®LD, Uffi®6l.lLD!D!D8= Q8'ITrb&6Cil6'1T 8= Q8'rrru@ll!D!@JLD C8u6'r$!i@,1ll.D $!iu51!,DIT B'e!P&4;~ru r@. n . ft). 1

~6ZlT!PI \DIU@LD \"o!9ITLLJ .

C8U8=&ffidi6lD6D 6TUUl!!- ~®ffi85 C86lJ6OOrCblCo 6TWU$lirb® ~@ffi@p:lcir Q8'IT6D@Co

~ 6lJ6CilLD6ID LLJ l.l.1 Co \ll.._ 6lJLDrr 60T ~61l) $!i l.l.1 Co 6J\L C86'l..J!PI 6lJ ~l.l.1(ljl6'O'orC8 LrT ! 6lJ6ID&

LD.oo!1i$li611rT &W ,@61J1llLJ G8'rr~6I5l6OT 1 a .§I~5>rrr:rrliJdi6ID6'fTl.l.1LD LD6ZlT6ZlTCo Q8'uJ~ ~$!i6ID6UT 6lJITbb ffi 6IDdi UJ IT ffidi C80.lJ6'O'or 0!D6i:J ~6lJ 8'lLLJLo.

C8 B' 6ID 6lJ ~ 6OOfl6lJ 6ID $!i l.l.1 LD , U IT 6'l..J IT 6ID L !D IT 0.lJ 600fl ~ 6OOfl6lJ 6Cil $li l.l.1 Co Cd 6lJ!PI~.§J 6lSl L L CB 6lJ 6ID 61T u51 ®J cg 6lJL l!!- ~ 6OOfl6lJ~ 66r di 6ID 604;!Dw 6ID LD LD p:l rB.§J 6151 L L CB 0.lJ6ID 6lT u51eu di6DIT8=8'fTIJCo 6TUUl!!- 6l.lIT@t:D? ~LLD, GUIT®6ir, 6J6l.lru ~p5l.di$!iIT6l.l§l di6'0ITli:8'ITIJ \ll.._ 6ID L 5>6iT ~6OOfl!Dro cg $!i6m6lJLLJru 606lJIT ..... !

®
.
•
®
";iI
® C8 B'6IDe.'l & L@Co 6lSl!D(Yl Co, ~wcil Glfrr ® @jill 6l5l!DCYlLb WiD rB~ uciD 6J p:l diLq. 6\lTLb, ~~6ZlTrr6\) C88'6lD6'J diLG6l.l~ru6ID6\) 6T6Ncflp:lrnt&w.

~6\)®611IT di ~6OOfllLJC8 6lJ6b'br l!!-UJ IJ 6l51d;6mdi®lJ.J !!.L L so L.51~rliJ 5> c91600fl rB.§J Gdirr6cirrG &~LLDrr& @®fficfl!D~; .§i$li6<iTITru C88'6ID6\) &LL6l5lru6ID6U ....... . .@I6OOflLLJ6l51~61l)6\) 6T 66T cflp:lITrT&6iT.

32

® 1f~~6NLb, @r:5J@il1)Lb, $16'00$, $1®~IDJ i]UffW(D6lD6lJ Gip:irD!DlU GiUrTLllj-~Lb, GlJ]Wu51UUL6lDLu.Sl@l2lL1 IJ,ffUUGL1 ffirTlj6tlllT".,ii6[)$1i l1)(D~~ 6l5lLLrTrTffi6fr_ 1f1.OWW ~!DlW rr $1i 6lJ fT1P6l.j

® 6lD1f6lJ IL6tlllT"6l.j, ~6lDIf6lJ 9L6OOf6lj 6T6NU~ 6l.5l61Tffi@Lb Glurr®6fr 1.O!D~~ 6[)1f6lJ ffiff~6\) ~6lDIf6lJ ffiIT$1i6\) 6T6NIDJ IlIlLIDJLb ~61T6ljo$@ l1)ITmLj GffiLG 6lSlLLITrTffi6fr.

@UU~ @ffiJDruru gjl(1MLroru, jJjJrrliJTw ••••••••••••• 6J(JfJmw •••••••••••••••••

~mflL.orr6lSl6\) ~G6l.I@JcgUIT6\) 6lJrrlbffi6lDco 6T6NIDJ !l9lifJmfl,1bJ IDmW / lhOO urrlifl,_!!iru'wOO)J!) .mUUlf-Sw rurr!ba:.mlhUJffa:.1ii 6lJrrwa:.m&!UljUJw ~L~ "lbfJLllirlfjruLLfffi&oir. ~~6NIT6\) 'uuL.5l~Lb u*,Lbi JliLb ~6N$ii$1i6lJrTffi6fr GlffiITmLrTL$ii6lD$1io$ ffiIT600f ClPllj-cfj!D~' U6fr61fl l1)IT 6ll1lT 6l5lffi6fr Ii U 6\) ~6llT l.OrT6tlllT" 6lJrT ffi6fr (YlW 11 i]ffiUIJ rr" l.OrDIDJLb ~@<i;@i J]L6Nlo ,(ifCRf @@d;@ J]k6llTlo ~llj- ~6Uf1l.OrrC26l.1 6l.IIT~i:i;6lDffi ... 6lJrf\p&6lDffiCZW ~6Uf1l..Orr 6T6NIDJ ~d;.:tl 6l5lLLrTfT ffi6fr .

- ;;!irru.SldJ~!D!Ii$1i C2ffirTu.Sl~lb ~6D6ID<00 - LjrfllU6l.5l6D6lD6'0

- $1i(56lD$1i Georr6\) ~o$ffi LD(5$1I)t.D ~6i:>6lD6'0 - LjrflllJ6lSl6i:>6lD6'0.

- ~}ii$1iC2il5ITrT GI:H(6\) 6lJITrt~6IDil5 ~u5lrt$1iLb - ~~6l.jlo LjIT1lU6'lS1®J6lD6'0

- J]W!Dl&ffiL6N, ffiL6lDl.O, U'iLL.5l66T i]l.06N6IDlD, ffi6i:>6l5lu.SlW ~!DULji ~UU'4 lUIT6ljlo

Ljrf'lllJ6l.5l606ID'i)\.).

~WLb GlUmOr@1llo erf )]lffirt 6T6NU~ 1Jj6\)6l51u.Sl@,illo, Gurr®6TTITil5rflJ~sb1@,ilLb 6lJITbP&6lDffi .......

(YlwC26()fdJ!D~$I@)ILb, 8'(Yl$1irTllJ i]l.OLbUITLllj-~Lb 6TWU6IDil5 lD[l~~ i]UIT6lD;;!i 1.O~ urr60nb

@If.iJUfiro /J'fDlDrr~ "q"lTmr~<[!;a:.IRJ!)lJritMiT. 6lSl6iu&, L.5llJrr~$I, !.Sri- i]UIT6lIT!D6lJWWrr6i:J

"61l(bl ~® i]dirru.Sl6i:J" 6T&ITW ~6\)6'0ITLD6\) 6iiG ~® 61w6m' "umr" IJrTffi l.Orr!Dl GdiIT6OOr(bl

6lJ®$W~'

33

tliWLJ GlliJtl;2iIiilJ!DIT~liilJrra;6IT lliLo QU6cirrd;6IT. a;WL.5IW@ LD.:;6iULJ Ga;IT(jiluu.!9i ,[fiLo ~ ~6Oflfro §)Wf!1ll

- ffiiDy 6T6UrWT 6l5I0ID6\l 6T6Urg)J Gu6llilr d;(]ro CRd;l...$IjDITrra;w_

- a;!Dy 6T6:l1'!DITru miir6U1'? 6T6Urg)J ~6I:li:lra;6iT <B1fi6iT6l5I CRa;La;

cP!>(J'tbL.5l::ii.!9i 6l5ILLITrr a;GiT.

- l!i!Dy 6T6UrU@I ~Wffi®u Glum dJITLGLo 6iS1Ifr'liilJffd'LB 6TmirIDI 6)'LOIDL CRUJ 6T(Ig:;6i Ga;Gffi.:ll6Ur!DIT6Ur Ulltuurr6ffl.

III fhulhblwrr!l tJIDwdlw ruu~OIJ III

;2ita~j:!l.Ju!D!PJffi@1f IftbUrl>~u'JW sorr ~liilJrr a;m ~ITtb !:!i11l61D\,DU LI!IlIi;a;6l!IJflIi;ffip)ITrra;w 6TdJ'!DITro Ibu'l@&rf!j Lrfwsmi8>@jw !l>u9@1I}u ll!I9U,1J>6Im'iiJruIDrriru,m.

!I>(jil~~r,r IiilJrrli;a>Q,l}UJ. acgrHfrfl 6lJrrc5ffif!jllb, 0I6!DjD(]6lJUJITsp ~6!D&ffi(]6'1TIT(bi GUIT@6'1TIT~rriJ &UJ~6i5)lD c$I!Dg;u IiilJITbblfl!DrTlTffiGiT. (]LD6Ur6l!lLO GiU!DW6lJrraiCZ6'1TIT (!:p6Ur dJ6tii:1rL®lbDmru aim ~1T6I:IT CZuITffilfJ(]ml, LD60Tib (]UIT6OT (gurrffi.:ll(]ml 6T6UrIDJ QLDW LD!D~ &! ,~SJjlili"ffi6fr.

1.F@d> LDff,ai@!1ffi@j u'l66T L.5I!;j.>iJ@I~, GlaiITGUU61D~ GJ5lL ilI6fu L5l1rf.1i;a; ffi!DIDlffi QaiIT(biffia; C21iilJ6Obr(Btb 6T 6liTu@I o§Ir,r IiIUJOO ([5IT6l1nb, • CRurr6liTlD ~e1uJro (§IT6tlTtD cSlI!Dl!)J L.5l1f6ID1f (]UITL(tl GiaifT6llbr~@jffi®tb <£lIr,rcflUJG'u j]L)ii4l1i; G,sITiiW1'Lq.@jUU@ .§I(J'liIlUW IiilJIThPd;6IDdilUfTc€I 6lSlL L@I.

j!ilClwrr @~~6IDaiUJ .@bCl0J6ID6'O IiilJITkfiffi6GJdi IiilJfT@tb .sIT1)6OOTtD Gi1J'IT60cil G~IfIUJ

1]6lJ6OOr{F)tD'T ?

'" g,1Iila;@mg; fhll"lIiIa;·~ro 8Iruli:a;oir .!)jJJJibiM "e>rrmmQjw ni'<f!iwlJni'romou. '" 8iouir&ffilcw .9fruiJ&m WITir orm,wltwwwlJ{jIljW ~(I'uroro~roOll)OV.

'* ~ruj]a.@ro. ~rurrlllrorrff,{fj .9f!1lPwoUrurrdl&@.iw @IUroni'oUlIDro ••• u.

1-.I003,~ili ..... ~@I.f LDITp5l uUJ6OOl'lb G<9'u'JffiWITfr&~r .. ".. ':;6i@a' ~1iilJ01 UlU61JOTlo Goi'fiJ.:§w mTlD6ir .. ... . :;6i6ID1f@UJ <elI01UJrrLDGD UUJ6OOl'Lo Gla'u'J&toITr'r a;~r. 6T 6\lmllT6ID(J'lLjlD 6T6\lmlIT@ilo GffiG~@1 6l5IL..LITr'rdiW.

cBJi6UrIDltD, ~66rIDJLo ,®6Oft 6T6liTIDlLo L.DCR\iDcflUJrr6lSloo 6liIT~, ~Lfl~r'ra;6iT GP®6IDwffi@

6l.IIT(J'ITLDCRoO\lG:UJ CUITuJ. 6lSl06lJITfi'a;l>1Trr , ? j]L6lirr@l. dirrr;r6OOfLD ~~.®.!h:;:!i

Lb61Jb:rmlfl6Ur 6lifT@ cBJiOOml ! ,@$\2'> LD61Jb:r6l!lJflOO UL..L Wr,rQPLo ~61f1rfff,®ib.

III

III

IIlrDLj GjJip51 ~6l..I!Drr~6l.Jrrlll6iT ,rr;lD GUwhrffi61T. ffirDUlW® Ul:$lULj G<ffirr@k.JU~ jJilD OflYlffitb. o8lb61lTrrw ~rorl9l

ffi!DL! 6T6N6N 6ll'l6lD6\) 6TrorIDl GUGOOrffia:1>tT CBaiL<'€lp:lrrJIffi61T .

• ffirDY 6TWrorrro 6Tror6l5l'? 6Trorl!).l ~6Dbrffi6iT Gldi6iT6J5I CBffiLai oElbIJLDUl~~6l5lL Lrrrr 1Il6iT .

• 8irDLj 6T6UrU~ oElb@)l4@iu GU600r ffirrLGLD G1lI~6l.JrrOfio 6TrorlPJ ijJL6IDLCBIlJ 6T@~ G<f>Gffi&wrorrror ulrI-uurr€lfl.

::DLll i,bUUrD@a;@:jff ITLDu!'D~Lll.rolOUrr~6l.Jrrffi6iT ~rrLb ~Lll6lDlPu l...j/Dffidi6lll:lf]1i:;1fJ jDrrn-lIl6ir 6T6Ur!J)rfci;l ~u'JrJ.Rq,@ 2....1f~rulia,@Jw fbu'JOIfJ!JIll 1JIJU.&~ti>rJJ!Dllli&oiJ .•

OJ (bl$~1) 6lJ rr ffi III c!:pLO; Of IJ'rf Of rfI 6l.Jrra;a; Qj?LO, (tl6lD !DCE6l.J!J)fT $Ii oElb 6ID<Fe;<] I>tT rrG QUrf®l>tTrr~rrlJ' CEW6Ur6tllLD ~!Dg).J 6l.Jrri,bdlp:mrrdi61T. G8l.06lIT6IDLD GU!D!lJ6l.JrrffiG861TfT C!Jl6Ur

di6'ObrL @bPe5i@:J ffi600r CBurf6N GlUfTffidlGlIOU, l.D6Nt.b GlUfT6N Glurr6;t!lGlw 6T6iiT!!)J GilIlW 34

LD!)J)!,~ 6l..IfTi,bdl!Drrn- IIlW.

III

III

<F(Yldi l.06;ffi@9.i@l LJ5.mr L.J1lr1-~~~' QffifTGUU6tll~ ~L t.Il66r L.51lr1-d;ffi ffi.0!!)Jffi GffiITG_ffilll CE6l.J6'ObrGt.b 6T6bTU~ .§Ii) <RllJro @jfToort.b. ~ C8urrffiqD .§IlJffillJru f§rr6Nt.b ~!D[9I L.5lU-6IDOf GurrLG Ga;fT6Ohr~@4@jrn ~1J&l1lJci;l J]L$d)di Qa;rr6OOrlrl-@uut§J.alJ'ffilLJ6tJ 6l..IfTi,bffi6tllffillJrrffl ~LL@I.

;i!iLllWrT ~~;i!i6IDIDUJ .@btlte6roW 6l..Irr~.$6IDffi6lJrr@Lil a>rt1)6OOTLD Q<Frr6i:JSiSl Gi~rfiUJ CE6l..I6OOr(blLDrr ...... ?

* fbr,;su,mmjb fbJmira,(gm omruif&oiJ <9IJi!ilfM Q&lIliiUJl4ljw ru\I!IWUn!1ru~I'lii\J. * .g)fruli&6IfILW ~ruii"&m Willi 61m-iDI ttfDWrullIBl1Jw blltf!ruruoUlromro.

* ,mruJi"&oum, ,mrud"&flllI';'lQ .miJ;:IlUJOi>rulJ~&@Jth @UJrooUlro~ru ......

)..Jtl\J(i5\b ....... ~6ID8' LDfTp51 UllJroJrLD Glfo'JlfljDfTrrffiw...... ~6(DOf ~6l.J!J5l UUJ=LD QlflUfflfDITn- ffiW ...... ~6(D8'<XUJ ~r6IUJfTLDro UlLJ6OOftO QlfwlfJrorrrr dim. 6T6"8WIT6tllI)'\l.jLD 6TWlOUfT@LD Giffi&~~ 6l5iLLrTIT<f>6iT:

.a6liT!!)Jib, @.6NWib §:l6llfl 6T ffir!!)Jill UlCB wffiUJfT6l5lro 6l.JfTiP, iliLtlbDrr ffi6Tr c!:p@6tDlDffi@

6iJITl)'fTui2roCEIlJ Gu[niJ 6l5li]6lJmTffil>tTrr ? J:DL6lJrr~. <f>fTl)'6llNW §:l~ b§:idl;i!i

w6&rr6OOflffir 6l.JIT@ ~ru6l) ! @2l$$1i LD6OOr~ro ULL LOI)'(ylLO @J¢1rrffi@t.O.

35

@mr6tD[!Ja..J <®jp<5'6J6iJ @w$llLJ I.1lfT6OOT6l.Jrfd>@T ~tfll,buu6fr6rl1a;61fl@,2ltD (]f~81lLJ Gl.1lrt!PU u6fr6rl1a;6rl1@2itD I.1lrDfPJtD U<i0rr #6t1rC.JuwGTfIC'66rl1@2itD uu5/6iJ5J!DfTrra;6fr. ~tfll,buuw6rl1a;GTfI6iJ uu5/@2itD JDi.b I.1lfT6OOT6J.JrfC'66lD6lT 6riLu UI[!JGl.1lfTl,l5Iuu6fr6lflC'66rl16D uu.5J@,2ItD .@W~lLJ I.1lfT6llN6l.Jrro$61fl6&r C8(JJrrli'#I .ai6tDLlUJi£l6lD<i0 (]fWfTffLDfTa; @(!!jd;5J!D~ 6f6UrU~ ~(]f615T'fT W6tD{IJd;C'6UU(i)e€I[!J~.

GU(!!jtDUfT<i0fT615T' (]fWfIIl.JGLDfT!,O I.1lrDgutD #615T'U U6frGTflffi61fleir C8~rr8'#1 6l5I5J~fT&ffmJ,:E$lrb@U ulilC'6tb 6l5I6IDw6l5luu6l.Jrfa;w .,<!!{~fT6l.J~ C8(JJrr&<f1 6l5Ie€I~~6!D~d; d!I,bJfJ6tD<I1Jd;®d; Ga;fT6Oilr(i) 6l.J(!!ju6l.Jrr<6(86'fT .@~(JJ .@~~lLJrr<6w (JJfTi.b . .@~(JJ .@y:'lJffl6!l)<I1J6lD!L1~ ¢l6ID(TWlL.Cbl LD6tDJDUU$l6&r a;fT(T6Otfl" GWW615T'?

"C8%Jj#llLJuu6fr6lflWl6D Ul'J-d;@tD @w$l1LJ & ~LfJI,iJ WfT6l»r·6l.Jrrffi6fr, fffYJ<6d; di6lJf~ffi6tD6'fT JD6OT6l.JfT.$®e€I{!JfTfTa;Wrr? _a;6iJGU .,g}/6Dru~ tTfTfijfTfJ600T -d4jJ(]fl,UfTro~$l6D!lifTmr .aiwrti€lJDfTrrc£6fTfT? @l'J-6rilru 'j'G5.fJ @5L.6!DLd;@56fr 1llfiL!fiIILJ LDL.6lDt- 6fmrug.J &Ufnru (JJLfJj.j:tuuw61fl WfT6OOT6lJrrffi6tll6lTU &urt,w%JjfTC86lJf ~ (!!j6l.JfT@55J[!JrrrTffiW. .@6l.JrTffi6lfl6tiT @.i 6lD{IJ.s6l!l6"fTct ®t-~$I6iJ .@L.L 6l5I6TT d;@U G5um;1) l.1l6lDfD~@. %Jjtfll,buu6fr61fl LDfT6OOT6lJrTdi6ffl6tiT @j6ID{IJffi6!DWct @jIXlr)l5l61.l .@L._t- 6l5I6lT.$@jU (2UfT61.l tS/fJdifT81ci;o$# Glirw@ ~fJ!fiIW WL.t-i.b (JJL.UJ. >'l'tbuL.ub ~t.q.uu$l6iJ ~6ir6lT @;!p&<f1 6T6l1r6UT? .@W>'l'& <®1,b&<f10$~d;@j ffifTfJ6Wr CErTlf,!lirrci;.sw urrrrt ? (JJLflI,bUU6iH;ri10$6ID6lT @v5i&juuCbl~;5! .@glJ¢lu51.ro (!pt.q.6l.j 6l5IjpfT o$fT6OOT& GfftU,§;lI 6riL (26lJ6l5brCbli.b 6fw[J)J ~jpl1)Juy& Gl8'tUlLjlb 8':i)$fT!JrTffi6lD61T~ flitill,LlrT <Fe!:fio$tD "<!!{6tDt-UJfT6TTi.b $rr6Otfl" (26l.J6WrQlb. o$rr~LDrr? .@W(JJ i1L.6OOr6lDLDo$6tD6fT Gl6lJLL Gl6l.J61flcitTl.1lrr.$$u G5urr@.itD 81WFfJU y6OOr=flW6l..Irr6&r UJrrCBfJrr?

(JJLtll,iJuu6fr6ffl. G>'l'81wu6Ir6lfi, #tru #6l:fTuu6fr61flWl6iJ uUJ..$@5tD @w$lUJ LDfT6l»r6l.JrT di6fr @ IIj- U Y til ct $ G u rD (8 !D rr rT rn 6Tfl6&r Ul6Ir 6tD 6lT 0$ 6rrrrWl mr 816lJ rr <6 W (8 ~ rt & <f1 G u rb (8 fD difT6Otfl"Uu(F)e€I{!JrrrrrnW. 6f6l:fT(86l.J, tS/{!J u6fr6iflrnl!i0d;@5~ ~lilrn6fr ®jp,d;6ID(JJC56lD6fT 8/@luytD 8/tDLDfT6OOT 6lJrr rn6rl166r Quib C8(!)fTrT <66fr (lJail8iW !li 6lJ!D 6ID(!) ~ 600T (!9tD 6lJ6t1br 6Wr tD 1..J6iJ c26lJ(pl U=flLD6lD6UTo$6fr, uu.5Jib#l (!p8irrtD<66fr, JDt-;!ii(lJuut- a'6lJ6OOrG!lb .,g}/6lJrta;6fr ;5!6tD8'$I®UUUUL(i)I .@®d;cf1(!)rrrre;6fr sr mrug.J ~6OOfrr r:l>(lJuut- G3' 6lJ6Oilr(i)l tD. (JJtfllftuuw 6ff)$ 6rl1ro uUJ. ,:E(lJrr@,lltD .ai6lJrt$W tS/w6tD6lTa;w (8!lirrli'#I QUrDW 6l5I(j;l6lJrrrta;w 6T6OTU6lD$:!i .aif!5JUJof G8'lLJ§j6D .6lD6lJ.$a; C86l.J6OOr"(i;ltD.

%JjLfJl,iJuu6fr61flu GUiba'f!JfTrTa;@!id;@jU uu51JiJ<f1 / 6l5Ilti/uy6mrrrt&81 6l.J6lD.;5 U~I.1l6lD6OT<EW 6lD6lJUU6lD$:!i 6rilL (lJLtlI,iJUuw6rl1I£6tD6lTU YfIJd;o$6WfId;@jtD GluibC8{!JrrrTC56lD6fT~ Q(JJ6Tfl6lJ Gu(!)& Gl/TtU'J-jlb ~cta;fJ uu.5J,riJ#I, $ru,[B.@6lDfJQ..JfTL6iJ ,[DL6lJtq.d;6lD$a;W (8I.1lWG<6rr6fr6lTUUL (86l.J6l:RJr(i;llb.

~LfJiPuuw61fl ~#lrflwrTC'6w .@fi6r, (lJmrl.1lfT6lYr iIl.._6mrrrt(86l.Jrr(i;l (8urr$DutfifiiJ FFCbl .@6lD6OOTILJWiD6l.Jrt 6T6OTU:;:l56lD6UT iIl.._6OOTfJ <86l.J6OOr(i;ltb. <'!)Lrr Cin.LLDrrC5, .@(!9UU6lJrT dlGU(TfTo$ .@(!!jd;C'6<i0fTtD. "iJ1Pld;@jLDrr{!Jrtdi .!JlLUU6lJrT #t<l1JfJfTa; .@®d;llirurrtb. ~6l:lTrrfiiJ tJjrlliPuu6fr61fl ~dln9lLJrrI£6fr Gwrr¢>'l'¢;€i6iJ $lLJrrl€l~(J;6fI'!

cFJru ~tfl!pwu6ir6ffi ~6lDruiX:D/.[jLUrrcFJrfllJ.JrTa;6ir, ~cFJrfllJ.JW GJu®,d;~iX:Da;a;oiir Jffi6IDru ~(£I!DrriJ5l, #ri" @jiX:DpJtiig,J [@®&d}pJrrrra;6ir 6TWpJrrru .,g)I~W@j& a;rT1J6OOTW <8Ji6l.JrTa;6ITruro, c!lII6l.Jri"a;6lD6IT {b6l5l&JJ!)ff GiITtiJ~ 6l5JLL [@tii>t> 8't:!PI'6C8LD ,£)/fiiW@j& I'6rrIJ6OOTLb ~@w.

fiiu'l!,bwu6ir6ffia;6ir ITrrrr{b~ruri"cs6ir C8I'6LUrTIJWf!)1& cilL&cflpJrrrTl'66fr. urr~l'6rrWUWf!)1, 6lJIT¢,lUW(9J, GJ{bfTtii~ cflL&d}J!)fTrta;Qir. {bfTGi6ITrurofTW OlL6IDl,D~§1Lb ~6(5fJ 6lJrr1,il6l5Jru !E6'5II5l..jW(9J,1i; .:iJLcSd}fDrrrTa;6ir. .,g)I6l.Jrta;6ffi,ror ~>t>tilC5I'66ID6ITW LJrfltii@J G1.sfT6Tr6IT ,[li6Uro GJITrururTC66ir C8 ru 6Iirrr G Lb. ,{D6U eo '£)/'7 cJlu.J ru 6l.J rr rJll'66fr C8 6l.J 6lliJrQtb. ,{D ru ru 8' til 1'6 til a; eir, LD6Ur JIl uiJ a;6fr , [@u.Jd;a;tilC66fr C86lJ6lliJr(j)JLb. C8;Drr6ir G1l'6rr(£i&@Lb (8)'1jfTl,a6IDLDu.5lroriJ5l, .,g)If)'6l.JiX:D6OOrLJl51rorJl5l~ ~6l.J6llirr(£i $ILcf,@W .,g)I6l.Jrtl'66ID6JTW LJrfI,d;.§J G1l'6fT6ir61Trr:!Vrurtl'66IT [@(!]jwu)'ljrorrrOi'iJ~fTW ,,£;116l.JrTa;6'ir cFJ60C86l.J6lD6'fT Ul'lcFIT6tI)ror& @jrflLU6l.Jrta;6TTrra; [@(!]j&$IJIliTrTl'66ir. <EJI~1'6 c!p~UJrr:!V6lJrttl56TTfTa; [@(!]j&lfJfDrrrTa;6fr. :iL6llirr6IDLDu.S/Oi'iJ ~tfl!pwu6'irWl ~81rf1llJrta;6'ir ~eT + [@rflu.Jrt .,g)I~rT6l.J$ @WfDw + o$t$l!)6lTU6l.JrT 6Tw@1w G1ufT®@>&C8I'6W!D6l.JrTa;6'ir. (§rfILUror, ::z,6llirrtf/ru6l..f <Ilurr6l3T'fJJ c!lIIJl5I&J<E@j ~UUfT61fT'rurta;6ir.

~6rJTcS<IlCD @6&r"ULDfTror ........ " UlCD®d;@Lb @rorULDfTror cJlru ~81rf1LUrtCD6ir !Ii !.flIP W W;/r 6ffJ CD srf GO LD L G ill fJj tt ror @ (!!i d; $I pJ rr rT 85 6TT rr ? Ul CD Q LD rr !PI W U 6'ir 6ffi co 6ffJ 6U [@(!!i&a;6ll1G06lD60LUrr? u 6lJ.6> <II ~ITW C8urrC8 ser ITW" 61'611r (9J W " ftf CE eerrr ~ rrCE ror IT" 6TW (9JW C8Urr&@j6llJLW ~cJl,rfIlU 6lJ6lDa;u.S/6llTrt 6Tru61JrrW uQir6ffJI'66ft)~Lb .@61fr~rJI~tb [@(!]j&a;CE6lJ QlFtiJ<tJpJrrrTa;6'ir. 'lTW .@;D6tI)6llT JJjtb OFeYJ<SW C8llJrrcJl&I'6&e;"..LfTg,J. ~.#Irflll.Jrta;6ir ITfT)'IjITf)'6OOr LD&rfI~rta;6fr tDfTCE6llT, 6llJ®wLj GJ6l.J{J)luLjcS@jtb, [@611rU g,Jwu~rJlW@jLb :iLLULL6lJrrcs6irti5rrC86llT.

6l.Jrr6IDl,DuulPw C5ufTOi'iJ C8~fT6lDru <JLrfI~~ L-LW OlL.roiJT(bl 8T6llJ6l.J <S1T~6lJfJj_di@j ~~~ .@,d;¢'LU LDfT6OOT6lJrta;6'ir C8~cJl,u.J u6'irWl<E@j<F GIITWiJ)J 6l5J(£ie§!J)ITrT<E6'!r. c!p@,$a; e;6(5fJLUfTfJj (jjlrflLUrnsur UlP~6IDfJ5W CBurrru ULrr:!V UfT(j;I uc.(j;I L6IDL~.§J* eT6!D6l.JWU~W@j WWflJ Ud;@j6lJ~ttlGO L 6fr 6TT W tt 6001' 6lJ rt e; 6'!r ~ !.fl!,b U U 6ir 6ft) <S @!i & @j 6lJ (!!i cfl !J) rr rt <E sit . .@ U Ulq. LU rr <S U U L L WfT6OOI'6l.Jrt<E@!iLW JijJ$~tb ~® C8UfTf)'fTLLW Ji)(fi!jJ$'fi/ UfTLW ,[liL!'iJ@JW ~u'l!,bUU6IT6ft) ~81rf1LUrta;6ir {b615fl CEUrrWpJWuL CE6lJ6llirrI1j.UJ6l.Jrra;6ir. GJJJj@jdl..-D 6!D6l.J~§1 ~f)'rrrJId;a;UUL C86lJ6lliJr~ u.J6lJrT <$6ir. ffij6!Dflj ltiJJil'filLUU GJu_diC8J!)rTrr <$@ljw, lTeYJ<S(lpw L.. 600T(T CB6l.J6OOr(jjlW.

6lJIT6!DIPUUJ,PW CEurr6UrJIl LDfT6OOI'6l.Jn-a;@lj,$@j fiLrflLU {bOi'iJru GJuw<liflJrrrtC56fr ~uiJ<'D6!D6TT L..6OOT'7 C86lJ6lirrrQw. ¢l!J)6IDLDILj6lDLlLJ ::vuiJ.s6ir @i1Pa;6lD,Q'iI'66ir C8{lJdlUJ u6irWl<'D61'fI6i:l C8~rt<FcFJ GiU,[lJfTLD6i:l CEufT6l.J6lD{lJtyLb 8161JrT L..6!lOTf)' CEru6cilT'(b)Lb. §;)6t!TLb, QLDrr¢l, ,:vtile;6ir' @jlPtiJ6lD~<'D6'ir :iL1lJ(T ~ffiJ<E6fr a;LiX:DLD lUfT@.! 6T6N dWiJ5Iu.J C86lJeWrGlLil. ti5u'llPrt 6T@JW ,Q'i615fl~tDw6lDLDCBlJ.JrrGl 6l.JfTlP tf}6lD6?IT&<E C86lJ6t!i:Jr(£iLb. {lJtfl!,bwu6fr6ffJ.;56lD6TTlLjLil flju'l1J:l G1LDrrySlW UfT§1C5rrW6IDulLjtb c$@~rJlo;\) Qa;rr6ir'6TT C86lJ6WrQW.

Bi@6l5J61JT' t1I6(5fJru JJj@6ll16N t1IWd>6TTrrC5 .@®,d;!Ii@.! C8ufT@.!tb. :!VW6ID6MlJ.JiJ5IC86l.Jrrib, !litfl!,b G1LDrrjp CBu~C86lJrrw, {lJtfl!,bwu6ir'6ffJ C8u~CB6l.JfTLb. G1LDfT!IlWUrDfDfT(SlTfTrTID6TTfTffi fia;j,bC86l..JrrLb,.

36

t..Sl1) Iflf6ID6OT 85@rflUJ .§II) .9'1UJ§2I ffi@) LrfilLJ 6l .. HT ffi61T Glfrrdi$!iffiffi rrrr rT ffiffi rres §(1J).co@lLD, LSlI)8:Cf6IDwffi@rflUJ 8'e.!:PffiLD GCfrrdi~ffiffirrl)rTffiffirTffi ~®.!:5,§Jlo, ~6l..IrTffi61Trr<6\) UrT~uy85@61Twrrci.11l.J ~u5lbOuuffi6'!flt'D6fr GCfrrdi~l..Orrffi §®.!:5@1LD, L.5lIJIfCf6ID6llTffi(]ffirrG 6.l.Jrrbb6l..l6ID~C8UJ ~iliJffi6fr 6lJrrbb46IDffillJrrllJ GIlJIT6OOTt.q..®.co,§Jlo U6\)~6ID6\l6IDI..OUJrTc.fIrflUJr;- & ~u5IbO rr IflrflUJrT ffi61T ~llilllJ6fr u6<mfl6IDUJ Ifll) ~6ID$!iC8llJrTG G8'uJ51!DrrIT ffiffi 6T 6liTUe»~ Cff:I,PffiLD L 6UllJ ® LD !lirT sir 6l..I1)(]6lJ6OOr (j)h.b.

6T 6\) 6\)rT 6lJe' ~ffi 6IDffi lLjLD L 6ID L Il.J 6lJrT essn rr sor ! ~ ~ I) 6lJ IT 61T IT ffi 6fT Y 6ID L @!JIJ.) ~®UU6l..IrTffiffirr6UT ~I)Lbu G~4111J uffi6'!flffiffi 1..O!DIPlLD iJfN uffi6'!flffiffi(]\2irTcf#i .§I®L6l.j ~6ID6\)lLjLD I ~~I)6lJ!b1Pl ci.1Ut@LD ~u5lbbuuffi6'!flffi6'!fl6liT <:§l6IDL6lj ~6ID6\)lJ...1LD fu..Lt.q..ffi ffi~~~LJ Umr~~rT6\) .... " 6T6\)6\)rTLD ~6liTC8!D'

~~~®ffiUJ ~(1] GU(1J)®LDC8l1JrT(j)I $!iu51!J;>uuffi6ITla;6IDffi ~6liT1Pl 6lJ6ID1) urr~a;rTsii~ 6ID6lJ~¢I®UU~ !li6\)6\) c.fI6I) ~tflrflUJrTffi6'!fl6liT L6(l)iPut..Slio \iL6fTw ~UJrTa; L6UllJITC86lJ ~@l.b.

• .@.l6liTCB!D IT !li <6\) 61) IT IfI rA UJrT If eYJ ffi l.b !li 6ID L LS160lJf LD rr ffi G ffi rT6lmr t.q.. ® ffici.1!D gJ . $!ifliJ ffi ffi 5l5u51~~~rTlLjLD $!iu51@6OlJfrT6l4LD, 5l5rTllilffi@lLD ~!lirr6l:D~ffiffi 6T6OT1Pl !lirTGWWGllrTLD L6OlJfrT.!:5~LD, ~@lu6l51~,§Jw ~6ID~ $l6IDW~§J (] 6lJ ~6ID W lLjIDI:!)J LD @I6liT u~¢Iru 6l..IrTt.q..lLj to U rfl ~6l514 cfj 6liT!D U 6\) ~ .flrAUJ IT & 5l5W6\)6IDI..OILI rr.fl ILl rT $!iLb \'2i u5l@6UllJrT6l.j G!li@;lfllilffi6IDffi ~(D~ ~I)IflUJ6i:I t'DLlflffiffi L6OlJf®LD !lirrffi 6lJ1J" G6lJ6OOT(j)ILb.

• ~6l.JrT ffiW 5l5rTLD L 600T ®W !lirrffi 6l.J1) rTLD(]6\) (]umU 6l5lLLrT@)JLD .@.ldi~UJrT 8'rTrTLj6IDLUJ 1..06liT(DJiJffi@JLo, ,@l1Jffiffillilffi@JLi:J, Cfllilffillilffi@JLb, ~lJcflUJ6\) 8'rTrTUrD!D u6i)G6lJfDI G~rT6llN(]b6lUJ 61D1..Ol1JlliJffi@9LD ~riJffiffi ffi6lJ6llT~6ID;'D ~u5I\puu6fr6'!fla;6fT (]LD~ G8'@)J~~ ~u5lbOrT CfeYJffi~~ID®LD, GLDrr~4®LD, 8'I..OUJ~~!b@)Lb (]8'6lD6lJ GlflDlLjLo a;rT60LD a;6Ofl(D§J 6lJ1) cg 6l..Im G Lb.

37

• ~IJ cflllJ ~tb (gLOJD ffim L uru(g 6lJ!!,lJ &LL L 6ll"6flu51err ® to pJITJD esrr 661ffi@iu (gUiTIJrr(j)ltb (gUrrlJrrLL~~ro LD(D!!,lJtb L5liD ffirrlJ6llUfffi.Jffi61Trrru ~u51kbuuffi6'fflffi6O:l61TU u!b(!5l ibl6ID6bT~~u umTffiffi 6n..L (gpJlJL.dru6ID6D 6T6lIT(9J ~6bTrr~tb ~ffiLCb1Lb. ~6bTrrru, @~~~ ~u51lPtf lFe!::Pffi~6O:I~ e:rrrTJi.~ )Jj6UflUULL JliWG!9@)e:ffi.Jffi@!jtb, $!j6J..ItflfrorTffi@!jtb, Ifrr6fu<]!DrrrTffi@9tb ~6\)LDIJLDrTW @®ffiffi <]6J..I6cirrLq-lLJ Glfru6lJrTCD~tb, IF e!:P ffi CE 8' 6ID 6J..IllJ rr 6TT rT ffi@9LOrr 6lJ ~ ~ ffi ffi 6ID!D G CD rr 6dbr G $!i ill bb u u €iT 6'ffl ffi sir U IT W G!9@1lftb ffi6UflJi.~ 6i.I@tb ffirr6Dtb 6J..I1J(g6J..I6OOr(lltb.

• <]~rrffi GffirTGffi@tb ~6lJ[Tffi61T§J <]$l5rT61f)ru 1f!b(giD $!i6ID6D IfrTW$ii@J ffi600rffiffi e!::Pll} &6lD61TUUrr!!,lJtb I'fTffiUJ ..... ". ~Ji.$l5 !9ro6DrT51rf1llJrTLDrTrTffiW ~@Ju6lSlffiffi CE6J..Im(bltb . .@J1~ ~Gir!llffi UJi.$!iLo LD<]6D51llJ LD6ciJr 600flGir 5Du51bbuuw6'fflffiW(g$!iIT!!,lJtb oorG®6lJ <]6J..I6ObrGlLb. UIJ6J..I <]6J..I6ObTCbttb.

• GJli<§cfl66r 1'fT6O:ILDffi6O:l61T @.!Dd;41 6ill6lJd;ffi llJrT®CELD .@Llb $l5lJrTLD6D <]UrT6lJ;'DrTru c9!6lJrTffiffi .®$1ilLlLo c91@IflU)@I . .®§1 ~U)LDrrffifT@I. @i@ ;'DrTLDLDfT&ff§J.

38

~lBbOrt ITe!j)1£ U11) ffIT6tl)6Nffi6iT ~rn.iJ U6\) ~L.tlbP.UU 6iT Gm1£61fI@,2IlD ffirr600TUU (b1cf:l66r,O)6N . ffi ITI) 600T lD! ~ u5I bD rt IT e!j)di LO a:.di cg w ~ rr 66r ~ u51 ~ UU 6iT Gm di 61fI@,2Ilb @®ffiffiliDrrrT es 6iT . ~uSlbbuu6iT 6'l'ftffi6"fflro LOL(blLOro6\), ~LBbDrT6TffiJGdi6\)G\)mb @®ffi41(DITfTffi(]Wrr ..... 81IliJGffi6\)Wrrlb L.5l1) c.fIT6tl)6N 1f>6IT @®&cf:l66r,O)6N.

L ~ rr I) 600f LO rr ffi, ~ uSll,D rt If> 6Tr .@II) Ifhu so (DL ~~6N IT6\) 6T 6iiT G6N 6Ur@T dill.. ~~ (DLffi416liTiDcg~rr, ~uSllPrTa;ffi ~6lD6\)6lDLO~§l61.Jl1) $lrt6lJITdilb, 81~ffiITD'lb GIf@)J~~lb §l6lDiDffi61fl0.:J 6T0.:J 6D mb 6T 6'6TG6N 60r 6N U 6\)~61IT rliJ ffiGir zsrr 600TUU(b1 cf:l6liT iDG5~IT ~®6l.JG5l1J ~u5J~ U u 6iT6lf1di6tf1@,21lb ffi IT 6WrUU(b1 cf:l66riD6OT . 6T 6OTC86lJ ~u5IbPuu6iT 6lfI di6lfl6iJ L.5l1) c.fIT®@ 6T6liTU~6lD6OTtylb 6l5lL 8'l(D!t~Q~IT® b.J,UJsq @If.sq fljf/9!JJfr ff@lhCW liIu®w 011}' lhJOlIlBT H.@rflUJl!)fJl1> @®u.lRm!D!bJ 6JmU!bJ~ruUJfJ @W.

6TIliJGa; 6\)6DITlb 6l5l~615l6l) ffi® _@®&cf:l66r(DC8~IT ~[B.Jlda;6\)6DITt.D ~L.tlbDrTdiGir 6l(DUUIT6NQ~IT® (Ifl6OrLOIT ~rAUJrr a; 6lJITbbc€l,O)ITrT di6iT. aI~cguIT6DC86l.J 6TrlilGdiGD6\)ITt.D (D6\)6\) ~LBbb LOa:.di6ID6!T ff IfITrT!t~ ~6IDru6IDLOl1J IT 8'lrAUJrT di@9t.D, ~8'lrflUJrT di@!!it.D, G UrbG5 (DITrf ffi@9t.D _@®fficf:l6liT!DrTrta; G56'rm ~ IliJ Gdieu 6DITt.D ~ u51 ~ uu6iT 6lfIa;6iT c!:p 6iiT @l ~ITI) 600T LOIT &sli~IT6iiT ~®ffi4l6liT(D61IT .

6l5l~ 6l5l6\)&ffiITffi U6\) ~L.tllPrta;Gir @®(D~lb ~6l.Jrtffi6ID6!TU UITrT~g.J~ ~®!'5~IT;2) "~rr6Or" 6T@Jt.D ")JiIT6liT" 6T@lt.D ~6OOT6l.J(Ifltb .,§Ia;(D6tD~tyt.D Qa;IT6OOrL lfe!:Pffi LOci;ffiGir ,@®UU§j C8uITrucg6lJ ;2)tBbbuu6iT6'If1ffi61fl~Li:i, ~u5il,DrT e'ITrT$~ L.5liD u6fr61fJa;61fI@,2ILD, ~u5lbbQLOIT~ L6\)a;~~@,2It.D ~6liTe!j)UUIT@T, ~a;!liJa;ITl)lb L.tla:.a; ~Lrr6lJlij.a;Gir §)®&c€liDrrn- ffiW. .,§I6lJrt a;w ~~d;a;UUL (]6lJ6lfur(blt.D, ~6lJrt a;m 8{~1) Lq. (DL 6lJ t.q. &6tDdia;6'ir 6l.J~ ~®i\~UUL (]6lJ6ON(bltb.

39

• UPSR cg~IT6l.j QPlrj-6l.jffiW ~LB~UU6iT6!f1CE6CD6TT!Ljt.D FF(blGlCErT(b)~,@J ~dlCE 6CD6l.J~@6iT6TT6!l)~ .@6iJ6lJLL6lJ61D6OOT Lj6\)Uu(bl~~&l!D~'

ill CE 61) cfol lLJ IT 6lSl 6\) .@®ffi@jt.D ~lJilluu u 6fT 6'ffICE6!f16i) (lJ'l6l)rrW,

I¥ 6UT' , ~ L61 bb )

CE tiOOfI ~ (bP ib

81 !Dl 6lSl lLJ ~ io lJ'lLGLo~IT66T ~CEIJ UITL~~LLLo. CE ~IT @.jill ~ CE IJ illIT~rfl$l2IT66r ~6IDL QU(pJLo.

1994~ill ~6cirrlrj-6i) .@@(D~ 1997 ~Lo ~6OOr(b) 6lJ6ID1J a;6OOfl~ cg ~rhf 1fj 6lSl ~~ t.D ~@~~lLJffild;@jLo r]l6ID6U u5!w L GiT 6TT @:I. 81 !Dl6lSllLJ 6'516\)~ LB ~ U u 6iT 6Tf1 a; 6Tf166r r]}6ITl G\) €l'6Ci)6UT'lLJ u6fTffila;61"f16fu ~ 61D G\) d; ® cf <F lJ'lLO rr CE LGh-6TT~ .

1994 1997 UPSR RESULTS

.
Subject Type 1994 1995 1996 1997
I
Bahasa Malaysia SKlSRJK 83.1% 81.1% 85.9% 87.0%
Comprehension SRJK (C) 54.3% 56.3% 59.7% 63.9%
SRJK (T) 44.8% 41.4% 47.2% 46.5%
Writing SKlSRJK 79.2% 78.7% 80.4% 81.6%
SRJK (C) 39.7% 40.2% 41.7% 43.5%
SRJK (T) 26.9% 20.6% 24.3% 31.1%
Mathematics SKlSRJK 64.0% 67.9% 74.5% 75.0%
SRJK (C) 86.3% 87.6% 90.0% 90.2%
SRJK IT) 58.1% 59.0% 65.29% 65.8%
English SKlSRJK 54.5% 52.4% 53.6% 540%
SRJK {C} 64.4% 61.27% 66.9% 70.3%
SRJK IT) 54.8% 46.0% 51.8% 46.8%
Chinese Language SRJK(C) 81.0% 82.0% 84.4% 85.5%
Comprehensive
Writing SRJK (Cl 73.9% 81.4% 83.0% 83.3%
Tamil Language
Comprehension SRJK (T) 76.3% 81.2% 80.3% 82.8%
Writing SRJK(T) 54.6% 63.1% 63.6% 64.1%
Science SKlSRJK - 74.9%
• new SRJK tC) - 82.4%
SRJK (T) . 69.2% .@ ~ 6Ur ~ Lq. U U 6CD L l1516iJ ~ IJ rr lU ~ ~ U rr rr ~ ~ rr ro ~ u5I bb u u Gh- 61"f1l151 so u u5I @lJln LD rr 6bilT 6lJ rr a:;€!f166r ~,rr5I6lj ~~!D6&r IjJ 6CD6"OHU uGh- 6lf1CE€!f16&r u u5I ~tb torr 6Wr 6lJrT a:;6!f16fu 81 rDl6lj~$51ro@lffi@ FFLfT a;(g 6lJ ~ 6fT 61T6CD~ffi CErT6Wr C26l.J 60tr (bI ill.

6T6UT'(g6l.J ~LtlbbUU6fTl;rfla;6IT ~6ID6UT'llJ uGfr6!f1a;Gro6'l'J 6l5IL~ ~rrbblB~6ID6lJ ~W6\) 6T6NU6CD%!l ;BfTLo <L 600T IJ cg 6lJ6Oi5r GLb.

40

L5l1) 1f1f6ID6ID" .li;®rflUJ~rr ffi ffi®~LIU0w ~IflIPUU6iT6!flffi61fl6OT ~6IDL 61j~6ID6\)

2.__ 6I:fur 6IDLDu..5lWL.5l1) B'1f6ID6ID" ffi(§ rfuu ~rr ffi ~®ffiffi6l51W6ID 6\). L.5l(T <fIT 60) 6ID" lfe!:Pffi~~66r 6T6OOr6OOf~~6\),Qurr[plUurbf!l (]U&&l@,2lLD~rr66r ~®ffi$fD~' (!pOOr Q8'rrOOr6ID"~ (]urr 6\) &..L t.q. d; a:,b6l~~ u UrTlt ~~rr 0;\) ffiW 6l51lU6O)L.OcfB'rLD ffiW 6l5l ~6\)rr ffi rr 61jLD, (]mr~6ID6ID"ffi ffi!:pdiQPLD ~ I!IT~®~~rliJffi6iT QIfll.J~6\) (]6lJ6llN0lil 6TOOrU~ #6ID" LD(D IDl LD ~LtllPuu6iT 61fI ffi6iT L 6l5N IT.r:t~ 6l5ILL ~6tir[Drr (§ LD. ~~6ID6ID" lfe!:PffiQPLD

2.__ 600TIT ~6\) (] 6lJ6tfur0lil.

. ,,- • ; I
l
un'L..w u.rr.WJ , ~ 1998% 1999% . (J,>5 rr .; tf/ I
~ .
l1J(iJ)ITIi/ Glum Ifi UJOIJrrtU 87.3 87.5 +. o ? I
<Ii (!!;%AiJmrrtOl/ #~W 61.4 64"ii, '.+ 2.9
,ffjt.8f) . 45.3 44.5 0.8
&L(]jJ01JlCT UJ fOIln'liJ 78.8 78.9 + 0.1
#..,w 42.9 44.2 ~ 1.3
,fDt.8j) 31.5 24.9 - 6.6
<fjdraf/IiVW UJfOIlrrJU 55.5 56 ... 9 + 1.4
'#..,liJ 63.9 62.8 - 1. J
::;t.8j) 45.1 47.7 .+ 2.6
I·~~m I
UJ~fTtiJ 77,5 I 76.2 - 1.3
#mth 91.2 90.0 - 1.2
::;dlf) 68.6 70.9 + 2 .. 1
I
.uJr9rBlT~rw UJ OVITJU 76.0 74.3 - 1.7
#ouw 80.0 82.6 + 2.6
,ffjwiJ.> 67.2 66.7 - 0.5
---
#.;>;lQ'orrlfi 86.2
I "'(f!;J~,j;;omrt.¥ #ouw 86.7 - 0.5
DiL@..,CT .hww 83.,0 8".7 - 0,2
15~Ji; Ql1Jfrtf! -
(J;(iJ),05$51rimrt"'! /lit.8j) 83.1 80.2 - 2.9
. "
a;L@"'>CT /liLt9t) 64.'8 65.3 :1 + O.S ,I
f
- - "<Fi.t1JffW -fl mi@ wrrrimrurta; @d;a;IT~ !!J,.J..J.m;iv • .fI,rt. G,ffjITtiJ5!iiJ /D u9lP,uu6frorf! ,?,T tiO.rntff a;@Jj;hg .$_ @/puuJ.i! ,iV@J.o '1:i1.;;lJmiJGlUJrrtfldi o!!'iL.(/)m[T G'I,ffjrrLtfLi.,:. ~difi'(juGfr

l/)rrr;mruffmOOQr ~,",JlT.tiJ.j '$L -

(Jjo"'[T,.$ G,fDlh:J)ro .'FrfI.V Jij.N;" • .,,)f!.J

. • Glt/D Gfr':";:f5 cy; triI~u/T;; IL '''''(rliVfTw. ~")fTtu.4. 11i_C.@.m[tIJ/oir G,!2;rt,ht/ "';9$J,!2;UJ fi)p;_o; <6 ffir@ 6.6 <>fI(/J'd; • (/;ff@ nflOlf_ Ii <irir(]jJGirorr $,ji.

ua«

~cJ"4.$ ("), '"[C02'u':; ;'tiwf!jI <fJ L (J/FLJ;ififJ%% (;J,-i>rfl6J9,i;,d)([fJffi~rrrT J.D~rf afI¢

@mr,f'<ilJ<M. .

WiJOIlJ/1U j§uJiPuudrurfN /limov ""'I.JJIUITdJrflturf UJwjD,i;::;OIfJINIilJri" /!pr:g,. mlilJiTliJloOr, /!d,. u. ~ohJ. "lJ,rT.

UJ ovmilG'lUJlTyJ.i a;L~ @m/TlI5/fiJ

U){r=rEllff<IiW .t:;mL/5/5 .irfi"'l /pmovu;D;Ifl '105a;w f>!..,/F' GUL.,"' :r 115/';; afJ"l/rfI~/jj!TrT.

o$L%/5 ;S oW@ u'}a;# "''/oJUUff6 6L@""fTu5J.v Gpjff##lGJu;D/D fJiw l.L'rrrmr.,lfT(/;W @i>,Jl'i <£oW@ u(]) GUJlTo!FWfTW ",rfi"'l pflliOJ IiV a; oWL (iiI'/f)@ lI"wrrtiJdi&L.@m[T (1Q5w.,f/j; ,Jl'iITW UL.i(§bPUUW 6rr[T""w .,<M )1J".v u9 ffi a; uf}oiJ ffi IOl'.

Gjljrt"'liia;J,O$ Jltff/<Iirrrfl'aiw IJ5fLlrr rfti;/'3 !!J.d. <TGiv.4,tT. l1J<lJrrtiJ G;iwlT{jJd; .$L@iiO>[T UL&@j,!!UUUJ fow UJIT..",.lilJif<Ii@i<5@ u.WtlJ ... .$uf) ,$Hw LfJ=cf"'@<¥b!Jj;m/5tl/w, @/pu U~fiOOfo'4L;' foP;tjJdrm-i!iI'

.$Lfolli .[j6b>r@ LOGl)rriJ GlL9rrJfid; o!EL@i;'rtI[TII5/GiJ d}a;'; dJ/Du urrw qr;srf.##)li..JrnLtilli fJjW LiJrT~ iNld",ofr !wffi,Jl'i ~ ""'""@ u(]) 'qUJrr<F wrrw "rfl.uJm .. ,.!i; a;a;c(]jJwurrm/5 fPuLJ@u,()urr,~ arL@ffitr LJL d; @'!lPuuw. Clpt;.1~"'Jfr"'~ G~;$rfi"'{JiJ&o/.

I ~

I

-.

6 0 ~ @r (biBS rr 6\) ~ u5i bb u u 6fT 6ffIas 6TfI6ir ill rr 6?5ITT" 6lJrT 6Tm6015flffi6O)BS UJb[6lUJ ~tJ5I6li bhrT6l.Jl..Dfr6OT ~1iJ6lJ ffij6CD6t)

~6ll'6rCSl ~tB!buu6in;rfl<$6!fIdr 6r6OOr6OOl1ffi6IDC6 UJrr6Wr6llrr <$6!fIdr 6r6OOr6OOl14,6ID<5
~!Jii'rrlli'illi.u u6fr6ffl :&J6llfjl.J.JffiT u6ir6!fl .s!1Jii'rrffiuliu u6fr6!fl ~ocrfll1JrrrT LJ6ir6fll
1938 547 22,820 3,451
1947 741 33,~45 1,432
1956 877 47,407 805
1957 888 050,766 604-
1958 874 53,098 738
1959 840 56,2,97 633
1960 815 60,726 495
1961 784 63,917 438
196.2 745 66,504 361
1963 720 67,649 336
1904 704 69,362 306
1965 700 72,828 487
19li6 695 76,350 341
1967 686 79,203 3.64
1968 666 9 B 1,428 444
19.69 662 80,750 342
1970 657 4 79,278 171
1971 647 5 77,192 207
1972 635 4 78,758 156
1973
1974 61B 4 79,674 140
1975 612 5 BOAOil 138
1976 606 80,103
191'7 606 78,841
i 978 600 77,527
19.79 596 77,013
1980 589 73,958
19~ 1 583 73,513
1982 579 73,897
1983 515 74,255
1984 571 75,028
1985 566 76,653
198f) 5>55 81,051
1987 553 83,228
1988 548 87,837
1989 548 92,243
1990 547' 96,120
1991 544 99,876
1992 543 102,493
1993 541 104,638
j 994 539 103,963
19.95 5.38 102,776
1996 53! 99,525
1997 530 98,072
1998 ~~r;. ~9?L,.,
;)Ddl) , 920 (Ijl~'" , 937 '"""~ ®!IlU!-l al""LMuQUiD""""""'" Data ~orn(!)l"'" Perangkaan Pendidikan di Malaysia Penerottan Kernenterlan Pendidkan Malaysia disediakan oleh :

Sahagian Perancangan Penyelidikan F'endidikan Kementerian pendidi.k an Malaysia.. • c;;

42 15~f!;- 618--Lo U ®1§ ?

<8i6OTIDJ (gulT6'0C86l:J .@6OTIDJLb $Dtni,buu6fr61fiu5i6liT L01T6OOf6l.lITdi6fr 6T6OOr6OOfld:.6IDdiu5i6i) qdl(D _@IDd:.di~~L6OT diIT6OOfUU(]C§IDmTdi6fr. ~6OTIT6\.) $DtBbbuU6fr61fidi6fr e_yJLuu(b1Lb <8i6'IT6l.1ffi® 6T6liT6OT UIT~ULj tiJdlULLq-@jd;C§(D~. e.!;PLuuGLb ~6ID6'0d;® 6l.I,ITi~ 6:lSILL.~ 6T6UrIDJ <]UCfUUG6l.I~6\) ~IT;:ii~Lb .@®ci;Ifl6Ur(D~IT ... _@6\.)6ID6'0<]w..... L.51(D@ q6Ur e_yJLUULU (gulTC§ID~ 6T6tYqp.l U!DU6\,) e_yJ6ID6\,)di61fiGiJ ®@j6i~ u6\,)@jLb Lj6'0wylfl6liTID6OTIT . .@IIfCf~6ID~ L.@j6l.l1T4@1fl6liT(D6OTIT .... ?

~J1$DJ1$D dilT6'0d;diLL~~~ LOd;di6fr G~IT6IDdi 6DI1fl~ITIfCfITIJ~~dl® qrbu ~tnbPUU6fr61fidi6ff1~ >!)u51i,b ~6OOfIT6l.j' GdiIT6OOr<]LITIT L5lW6ID@Tdi6fr uut~~4 Gdi1T6OOr(bl ~ IT (g 60T 6l.I ® ~ iD ITrT di 6fr . ~ di LO IT 600f 6l.I IT 6T 600r 600ft d; 6ID di di 61fi W @5 6ID iD 6l5l6i) 6ID 6\,) 6T6liTiDlT~Lb di6llN QP6liT6OTIT(g6\,)(gW 888 ~di .@®J1~ ~t.61i,buuffi61fi&6fr 5 is' ~di ~~ 6l5lLL<]:!!i,,,,, y6'0tbU~::!)d;di$DlTa. ~C§ rnLL§I. 6l.I®di:2i~~d;di$DlT~ 6l5lLL~. ~IfCf~6ID:!!i 2._®6l.I1T d;@ c€l(D~. .@~<]6l.I ~ 600r 6IDLO.

6 a ~6lJbr (B a.1T6\)~ ffiffilw ~ uw61fia.6fr e.YJLU U L G 6l5l L L6OT. ~6OOTGL 1T6lITQ;JIi,@j cHTIJCfrfl 5 ~W6'0~ 6 u6fr6ff1a.6fr e.!PkUULG)1 6lSlLL6Ur. .@§lC86l.1 1Frfl~~IJLb. .@J1$!J CfrA~~1J ~6ID:2i (g6l.llij.1i,6IDa.u UITIT ~§ld; GffiIT6OOrut®J1:2i ~!Dl6l5l6liT6IDu} WIT6ID1J If CfITIJ <] 6l.I6OOTlij. w~ 6T 6li"rQ;J Go9'lT GiJ 6'6IL <]$D6m 6l..I u5ici:l6O)6\).

ffiL6i:2i u~:2i1T6OOrCBa.61fiGiJ ~$D1T6l.I~ 1 989 G$!JITLlliIctl ~~ 6lJ61TIT li'ctl a.6OOrL LOIT6OOfGlJrT 6T6llbr6OOfld;61Da. 1996 G~ITL(B .@6liT1PJ 6l.I6ID1J uG)1 ~i,b&cfl6IDlLJffi a.6OOTG;i 6l.J®c€l.!D§].

1995 G::!)ITLlilctl .@6lirQ;J GlJ6ID1J :2itBi,buuffi61fidiOOci:l CfrbQ;JLb 6T~ITuulTrT4ffilT:2i ~rT ~~ GGlJ(D1~:2i66r6Q)LO ,e6l6\)6l.jffillD;§J. ~:2i6ID6OT j1jLb ::!)u51hPrT 8'e!fla.Lb .£tIr6ldi~ Ga.lTffi6'IT (]6l.I6OOT lij.1LJ~ ~6l.JcflwLb.

L.06m6'0 IJ .. JIT6'lTLo, G::!)@,IIiliJ® C8uertb L.516fr 6lD@T a.ffi j1jtni,b UU sin;:lfldi@!!jffi@

GlJ®GlJ~ 4l6IDLWIT§l .... /~.

ffiI r6l6fD ~6.l..IIT a. 6fr G6JJ@j $6l5lIJLDIT ffi :2i u51 IPuu6iT 61fl6m lULl LjID cEI:!S6OOFiffiffi di!DL.51ffiffiUUG)1~(DlTrT ffiGIT .

.@J1~UJ IT 6l5l6i) G~IT LrT Y 2._ 6ID L W Qfl6iD6I5ILb .§j6lITUrT ffiGIT L.516fr 6ro6'IT ffi6tl)@T ~ ~6l5l1J L.O(]6D8'11LJrT 6l.IITi,b Qfl6N6I5ILb L.5l6fr6ID6'lTffiGIT ~tBi,bLlU6iT61f1&6!fIGiJ Ulij.LlU~ @56IDID6l..j·

U~CfITL5Ia;6iT, 6JJrliJ8;IT61fia.6fr, 5lJ1~. LDITIJITLlij.. ~®~ GLD~ Cf(]ffilT$1lrJ fm6OTLo udlp51IfG8'ITci:l6l51~ Qj1jrflw <26.l..16llbrlij.UJ~ci:l6ID6\).

43

1 993 G~rrLriJA;I 1998 6lJ6ID1J 6J;D:ld;@6IDp)U-J 1 0,000 CbP~6i:l 14,000 LOIT6OOT6lJITd36Tr ;:llLfl~uu6Trsrflll56ITlw Yp:ld;1l56OUf1~~ 6lS1l_L rrrr ffi6fr. Ljp:l41l56OOf1 ffill5 6ITl6LJ ffill5uu L G 6"l5iLLrrn-ffi6Tr . .@!I>~u u~~rru.SllJLi:J CZUn-a>@9LO 'iJ"fDffi@)6ID!!)lu ll'<]ffirr~1IJ ~6OTtb LO.!D!PJLi:J t.Jlp:l Li:l~~6ID~tf a=rrn-!B~6l.JITa;6fr 6T6bru§J ~~:,.rrllJu\,bn-6l.JLOIT6OT \3)6OrlPl. ~u5l!p<]L06\) ~J)rr~ u!D!PJ G\ffirr61lilrL ~® 1f)6U@U:J, 6lJd';@ ffirrl)6OOTLBrrffi @® 1f)6U®tb, 1.06lJTll'rrL1fl4@)u UlLJ_di@j ~® cfl6'0Q9Lo 6T6OT ~uut.q. Glll5rrr§Il'Lo (]Ult~fT6N

<]LOlD ffi6ObTGUrrfl6'0 ~Wbb UUotHSm ll.S]<i\) ut.q.4t£lpjITrr ffiofT.

~lii~LJ Ljp:l4ffi6OOfluLj&ffi6ID6IT ~6OOTri"(5~ urrrr~~1T6l.J~ ~u5l!,prA6WLo 6lSl~ULj6OOTrtcF1fl Gffirr6TrW (]6LJ600nq:lLJ@j c§l6l.J1fhwtB ~®ib.

~WbP UU6fr 61flffi6Tfl<i\) l.OIT 6lRlT 6l.JrT 6T 60bT 6tlN146l:Do$ ffi6tlN1a=LOIT e; ~@jrt;2iC]u rr $1~tb t..5lp)GiLOITbI5l U6Tr6il'1ffi61fl6i:l ut.q.$@Li:J .@lii~lLJrT, ~W!,pIT If(!Pffi @kO_di6ITl~ffi6Tr (!:p6ITlp)C2lLJ c45~% CYJ~6i:l 48% 6TW .@®UU;2iIT6D .c5l~rn;ll'f1ffiffi C26l.J6OOrt.q.lLJ ffiIT6\)ffiffiLL;'t~roO ll'(!Pffi l.O$ffiGfr ~®&41p)rrri"<!Ii6fr. ~@j .@uut.q.C]lLJ 6l5lLuu(]l.Orr6OTIT<i\) L.51p)@.i Lj6ITlIJC2lLJ rr'46lSlG Li:J. <£)I~IT 6l.J~ $rT d;t5 (bPt.q.l1JIT ~ t..5l[J B=1l'6al6OTlLJIT ctl6l5lGCo.

§)';D6N ~~fTIJLb UffiffiLo 126frr c§lLL6l.I6ID6OOT ~1J6'dbrt.q.6\)!;9I~ffiffil.OIT ffi ~lJITlLJUU L (] Gfr 6IT6ID~ o:§I iJ)1lLJ6'0ITlb. ~u5l bbuu 6'iT61fIffi6ITl6Tn~ LjP)ffl&6OOfIffi@)Co LDIT6OOf6l.JrT<!IiGIT 89,490 (guri" ~6lJri".

c§I!l5l6l.ju 6!:,ri"6l.I1.OIT6t!T ,@)ii~ ~li.J6l.j 6l.JIPrliJ@5w ~1IJ1i4 6T6frrWGi6l.J6frrp)IT6i:l ~LtHbPuu6ir61fl LDIT6i'5Of6l.JrTffiGfr 6T6OOr6l5Ofl46IDffi ~6iJG6l.JIT® ffifT6\)d; ffiLL~~!b®Lb

6J,OJu 6J.!DP) ~!Dffiffi~(]>DITG cf:rTULG~$ljIT6N ffirr6OOTUu0cf.lp)~. ~6l.lfrr6\)

UIT~.$@.iu UIT@ .@(5~UJrt tD.!DWtb ~W!pri" ®!'p)ii6ID~ffi6i'r 1/.iUi16mbDu Ljp).$ffi6lYcrf!ffit£lp)ITri"ffiffi 6T66ru@~ 19956fu ffi6OOTffiGffi(b1ULj 006l.Jrf14t£lp)@J 6T6&rU6ID~ !lL6OOTrTdJ~ 6T8=a=rtld;&ilffi ~L6lJt.q..ffi6IDffi 6TGaffi C86l.J6'O'brGw 6T66rUC]~lLJIT®tb .

.@,d;~ ~tiJ6l5l6Ur C])1iIT&ffiLD ~u'l!,p1J606\)rr~ ~tBbOrTffi6iT ~rliie:;6fr @j!Pdi6ID~e:;61D61T ~L.6I!pu w6fr61flffi@j ..§j@Juu m4®~4ffi Ql6l.J6OOrGLD 6T6tiTu~6i:l6\);~u5lbOrTd>6iT ~rliie:;6ID6IT !lL6OOTri"rt~···· ~ITrliJffiffi ~cabDri 6T6fu!.PJ ~6OOTrTlii@l ..... ~6ID1f lnrr~ UlU6ll'CTtb Gil.fuJ6l.J~Su t2l®.d5@l L.56cirrG 6)j1J (]6l.J6OOr(blLb; ~l15Ikbuudn;:rflffi61TITio ~rliJe:;6Tr a;6)j6t!T~6Cl)~~ ~@uu (]6l.I6OOrGLo, 6T6&rU(]~ ~®Li:J. ~t.abPUu6iT6Tfla;6O)6lT 6)jfT!,b6l5lffi@jCo 6'1i;~ ~W~ITffioir 61Dffiffi61'flru:5rftb .,§jLlli!eBliLj61T6TT,@.

44

{lju5ll,buUWfDWfD - ;!Ju5l!,buuW!J)J$@,j 8'wuJb::tiLOWfD .@tB~l1.JrT eo6'ffl6I5T C2urr615l~)l361JT~6Wf;D 9LfiWfJrri'P i'Pu5liPrTcr,6Tr ~LGl LOJB6tDWffi6ir ~c& 6l5lLLrrrrffifJiT. .@UUI!J.~ WLD6tDjpU LJfD$cr,6OOfl~~ ::tiu5l6I:DiP e!jl6l.5rfDrrw 6lJ@uy 6lJ6?DfJ LOL (;lLb ul!J.~::tirr6i) C2urr t;pIw 6T 6cir(pJ, 6JWcr,6IJT<1'6lJ #160 ul!J.~w C2LD~fT6l5ld'J6ir"", uW6l5lID16i.l @@JBfD61_JlTffi6ir Ge=<iJ¢D ®;~,j#l6IDUJ a/6I.5r6IJTrrrTd'J6ir 6T6OOr6OOfJ11.J UI!J. ~L6lJfTL06i.l {tI6tD8' ~®ut.5J 6l5lLL 8'rfJ~~fJW ~W0P6iT diJTI1.JW LDfT{DJT¢D IJrfI~~IJLDfTd'J ~6iTSfT~. a/Jb)l3 C2LO)l3fT625l~~61IT'LDrr6IJT 8'rfJ~;:§IlJrEffi6WSfT t£l6iD6OT6J..j &L(pJW a{CBw C26lJ6iDSfT @wfPJ ,!IiL$@W 8'rf)~;:§IfJ~66)wUiLiJ ffirr6vbrC2urrLiJ. @66riPJ s§/6IDlf tffI®UUUUL(jj 6l5lLL ®lP6\Slru, ~u5l!puu6ir6rl1d'J61:DGrru LJfDC£d'J6OOfJ~{[)J 625lL L ,CBl6W60u.Sl6i),,,, ,@6lJf)I1.JJT6lJ~ ~rlli856ir W61JglJ856W6TT ~fiWrf~~ LB@!iw6lJbtldi61T dirrfiW 6lJ6Wdi ffiJT6OOrC2ufTib,

~ u5l I,b U u 6ir srfI ffi 6ir , ~ u5l iP fJ 6i.l6l) rr ¢D @ ~ tff/tU 8' e!jl ffi LD cf, di 61T rr 6\:) LJ fJJ d; di 6C5lJfj $ es U

U (;l c&6dr fD 60T ..... , . LD{lj rf tff/W rr §lJ W LJ fD c£ es 600fl 8;di UU Q cf) 6ITr {D 60T . 0P 6irr G ett 6I.5r ser ffl6TTM41tUJT6m" 6l5la'tUlliJffi6iD61T u'loo(;lLiJ t!!6lJiJrGlw a{6CDlf (gurrCEl6lJ~6dr 6lJ¢I 625ly')ULJ JB!6iD60 Gffti.JC26lJrTw,

1) c&a5ldu~6lJrfdi6ir ::tiu51j,Orf856fTfTe; @®j]f;DrT@)ItD 99% wlD6IDijlu Lj{DcEffi6'OOflc5c&,Wrrrrdi6Tr.

2) 0Pdu6l'3LiJdi6ir ~u5liPrT a;6TTrT e; ,@®~fDrT@)ILiJ @tB~tU t.5JfJ61:D@6a;6ir w625lfJ LDCB6l)#l11.J t.5J1J61:Dgga;6ir 97% {lju5l6IDbDU LjfD8;e; 600i)8;c&6ITr{D61JT'rT.

3 ) LD6W6U tUrTGJfid'J6ir 8' (2 a;rr ~fJ .@WLDrT61JT'rT@)IID 9 9 % {lju5/61:D/,Ou Lj,W 8;a;6tJl5f]8;ffiID fTrT ffi6IT,

4) (d{lj@.lJrliJ6IDdi ~rrti.J GLDrrlPtUrrdi Ga;JT6OOrL6lJrT di6ir ff(2a;rrfIjfJ ,@6m"LDrT6IJTrr@.1JW 99 %

_§) u5l61:D),Du LJID c5e;6DlJfi8;ciJfDrrrr e; 6ir .

5) IlJrrj,bUJT6OOT fIju5l),Drre;6ir {lj!.86WiPU LJ!Dd;di6OOf/8;e; LDJTLLrrrre;6ir. ~61JT'rr6D ,@6&r(pJ f;Du5)l,buu6ir6rl1u.5100 UI!J.d;di JJJJTLLfTlTd'J6IT. (t.5J,W GLDrr!pu.5I6iJ ul!J.~::tirr§lJw fIju'il6CiJi,D u@6J (2,!Ii!JLDrr e; lll-l6:bffW 6TCbI~;'Drr6lJ@ e;WfPJ8;(dd'Jrr6ir cfJ,Wrrrr e;6IT • ~61JT'rr6iJ

.@,rii;'D 0P6iD,W !Bw a/iP@ _§)u5l61:DiP u6ir6rl1 6lJJTj,b8;6CiJdiu5/6iJ rtJ66)60 Jfi1{J)J~W 9Lw6lJrr~) I

6) U(§e=rrJiffi6IT, 6lJiliJe;rrGJfidi6IT Gffmi\)6\SJ GwrfitU <1'6lJ6lJiJrl!J.tU,95l606iD6\), 6TJB)l38;

e;rr60~,95l§lJw a/6lJrTe;6ir UI!J.~;'D~ro6WlS0, diJTfJfiWW ~iliJd'Jrrrru@ .,f!)j6lJrre;@!i8;@ WtEJ e;ro ffr tU !§l6IJT u6ir GJfid'J6ir .@®tB;'D6IJT, @wC2,Wrr 0Pw,Wrr es ,E)/66) 61JT'tii8J! U U@5ffJTt.5J u6ir6Tfldi@3w (YJLuULCbI 625lLL6OT. ~a;8; di6iDufltUrrd'J e!jlLUULL U6ITGJfi CBd'JfTlS0fT6UWY,rf)6i,), gerr60rr6cir .,f!)jeutiJ5)6i,) .@@,QJw u6ir6Tflwrr@w, e!jlLUULL ~rr6ir

366OT6l.JrfJ 1998. (,@Jb_§) W6CiJ60 •• " ,.'_ fJ;Wd;@ 6lJfJc5&LLfT,@ 6Tmfiru

6l5liPULjfiWrT ~#I(2w e!jl6l)rr {ljrrIJLDrT@LiJ )

45

~ffi !m6iJ6lJrrfDrrffi (gLDtDCE6OOrC"2Lmr ~mb ~uGurrC::PtJ!1 ~u5l@4@tb, .§ilfljpuu6ir6rfk£@jtb G6lJt.g. 6ttl6lJ~tJ!18; Gffirr6ciJrt.q.@441fDrrrtCEw. ~6lJrtffi6tD6fT a/JJ5l0:tJlJrr~ .§ilfljprfl6iJT'tb ~LG1 LD!ii6tD~ (Surr6i) ~4I Gffirr6OOrt.g.@tis$fD;f9J.

CEL!ii~ ~iPJUfPJ ~6OOrCblffi6l'f)~ @LUUL(i)W6fT 363_~tl1jpUU6Tr6l'f)ffi6l'f)6lir 8'rfl~:tJIJ~6tD~ ~lJrrlii,lii~rr@) ,@615T' LDJDiPJtb LD0~ tJ!1(26l..JIfLDfT6iJT' u60 1lL..6OOr6tDLDCE6Tr <5}/tbU6\:lLDrr@jtb. <5}/ )1j 6?H L.5l61ir 60T 600fl uJ]6i) .. .. .. <5}/6lJ dJ !15lWr" L.5lvN 6iJT' 600fl u..5l G\) ~ .#I rfllLJ rt di 6fT rr es , )1j 6tD so 6W LD lLJ rr .11 rflllJ rt di @TrrCE! LD rr 6l..J L L ffi@) 6ril ~ ¢I 85 rr rfldj 6fT rr ffi , LD rr J§60 85 6\) 6ril dj600r CErr6OOf/uUrr6fTrr CE6ITrr es, d!!IfJ .#IlLJ6\) L.5l1J ¢!s§!:tJffi6fT1T CE, LD.@.C5rr. L.5l1J J£1s§!~di6ITrr dj Cfl)'rr Cfrfl ~6OOrGLrrvNW14@ 5 QP_§i6\) 6 6lJ6tD1J (YlLUUL(bJW6fT ~ill!pUU6fr6l'f)dj6l'f)vN djrrlJ6l:JIJr dirrrfll1JlliJdj@!Jds@ 6j(2_§irr §.'® ®u~J£16i) @6lJrfffiW ~(j'; 54¢! §J6tD6l:JIJr s§!61irfD@J L{rfllLjtb. ~® ffiwilr6lD61lN e!P/ri-ffiGffirroom-(bJ 6JtJ!1lb <5}/JDllUfT~§J CSUfT6i:J er,rrrfll1JLo (lfllftlU tJ!16ID6l:JIJrCBUfT6iJT' ®J!Pcf.#l L{rfllLjtb ..... 6TvN6iJT' Gmu6lJg)i! 6T66r[J)J 6IDffi61DlLJ 6l5lrfl~.§i ffifTl)'6OOI'Lo L{rfll1..jtb.

piLDgu 8'e!:Per,~tJl6I5rrfloroL CSI1.J @~~61Der,UJ tJ/6fT6l.Jurr(bJer,w @®UU6tD~lLjw, ffirrjpuL{6OOI'rt 4<i1 ~®UU6tD~lLjtb JPdr'fDrrer, yrfl~@ Gl&fT6OOrL6l1rfer,W piLD@ di6\)6U) §]60fTC5rr6l5l6l5r®w, er,6i) 6l5I $16tDLDIf.#l61J[' ®w • [:Drr(gLD piW61DLD $1!p~@ds Ger,rrw (g6lJfTW 6T 6lITiPJ <5}/6LltT CEW fli60rfDfT dj <5}/!15lfD@ Gldlrr 61lb"r(bJ @5lLLrrrTffi6fr.

<5}/{b!b (gdjrD ui] 6lJ <5}/6l..JrT cS@!JtD Gl5UJ 6i:J u GJdl!D rrrt ffiW .. .. .. u{b 6lSI Qffi rr0ffi 41fD fTrt >!£W . GdjfTG~~u u~625l4@j L.5lfJ& IlL..Uffirr(JLDIT es ._§idicS djrr6\)~&6\) Wffia;6lJfTiPJ 6lJfT61DUJ <5}/6WL 4 di 4 GlCf Iii@! 6l5IL C9 e!:P Cbl 625l!p rr Q If UJtJ!1 6l5I(bl 41 fD rr rt a; dr . 6T lliJ G!dj@)(@)fTW ~u5l@6OOI'rt6lj .§i61D6\) §)JT8;@dlfD(g.§irr ~~@ LDL(BC8LD wlfliP 6lJrrft.J.$IfD@I, ~u5liPuu6Tr6l'f)djdr 6l..JfTjpdi16drfD 61J['.

6T6W(26lJ, [§;)6UfI11..jw flilbu510r0L (2lLJ mCbl®6l5l..... wu5l61D!,D c§lj,dfficS ,0I6ITJ615T'u(gufTrr4@ J9 rnb @J6ro6OOl'lLJfTdj6\JrrLDrr ..... ? .#I,Iii j/4 ffi (g 6l..J wilr L mo IT ..... ? dj rr rflwlliJa;6ir Q 5liiUJ (26lJ6OOrUrLDfT ..... ?

46