3-Phase Balanced &

Open Leg Networks

3-Phase Balanced Circuits

3-Phase Delta 3-Phase WYE
A IL IL

IP
E L-L
IL
Z Z E L-L A B
E L-L E L-N
IL Z Z E L-N
C Z E L-L
B
E L-L
IL E L-L
Z E L-N

2
P=1.73 EL-L IP cos 0 = 3(EL-L)
IL
C

Z
Z= 1.73 EL-L P = 3 EL-N IL cos 0 = 1.73 EL-L IL cos 0
IL
IL= EL-N = EL-L
IP = IL Z 1.73 Z
1.73
• The current in each element is equal to the line current I L divided by -3. EL-N = EL-L Z = EL-L
• The voltage across each element is equal to the line voltage EL-L.
1.73 1.73 IP
• The impedance of each element is equal to -3 times the voltage across • The current in each element is equal to the line current I .
each element divided by the line current. • The voltage across each element E L-N is equal to the line voltage EL-L divided
• The voltage across the elements are 120Þ out of phase. by -3.
• The currents in the elements are 120Þ out of phase. • The impedance of each element is equal to line voltage EL-L divided by -3
• The power is equal to -3 times voltage across each element times the times the line current.

current I L times COS O. • The voltages across the elements are 120Þ out of phase.
• The currents in the elements are 120Þ out of phase.
• The power is equal to 3 times line voltage E L-N times line current
P = power in watts times COS O.

O = phase angle in degrees • For a ballanced load the current in the neutral is equal
to zero.

3-Phase Open Leg

3-Phase Delta 3-Phase WYE (No neutral)
A IA
IL
I A-C
Z E L-L E L-L
E L-L A IL
B
IB
C Z
B Z Z
I C-B E L-L E L-L
IC EE = E L-L
2
E L-L

2
P= 2(EL-L)
Z C
I L= 0

EL-L
IA-C = IC-B = IA = IB =
Z P= EL-L IL COS 0
IC = 1.73 IA = 1.73 IB
EL-L
• The current in each non-open element is equal. IL= 2 Z
• The current in the connecting leg of the non-open elements is -3 times the
current in any other leg. • The current in each non-open element is equal to the line current.
• The voltage across each non-open element is equal to the line voltage
divided by 2.
• The power is equal to the line voltage times the line current
times COS O.