DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES AND MATHEMATICS

College of Arts and Sciences

University of the Philippines Manila

Course CHEM 114 (Advanced Inorganic Chemistry)

Credit 3 units
Course Description Principles and Applications of Inorganic Chemistry
Prerequisite Chem 18
Course Goals At the end of the course, the student should be able to:
1) Differentiate inorganic chemistry from organic chemistry.
2) Know the subatomic particles and nuclear transformations.
3) Understand the modern atomic theory.
4) Interpret the trends in the Periodic Table.
5) Understand the different bonding theories.
6) Apply Symmetry and Group Theory in chemistry.
7) Illustrate molecular orbital formation.
8) Familiarize Acid-Base and Donor-Acceptor chemistry.
9) Know the structure and applications of crystalline solids.
10) Know the properties and reactions of elements within a group.
11) Know the names and structures of coordination compounds.
12) Understand the bonding theories in coordination chemistry.
13) Interpret the electronic spectra of coordination compounds.
14) Examine the mechanisms of inorganic reactions.
15) Know the structures and reactions of organometallic compounds.
16) Compare Main Group and Organometallic chemistry.
17) Know the applications of metal complexes in biochemistry.
18) Know the environmental chemistry of inorganic substances.
19) Apply the concepts in Inorganic Chemistry.
Exams 60%
Course Requirements Reporting 10%
Assignment 10%
Attendance/Seatwork 10%
Research 10%
TOTAL 100%
Textbook Inorganic Chemistry, Miessler and Tarr
Reference Inorganic Chemistry, Housecroft et al.
First Exam September 26
Second Exam October 24
Important Third Exam November 21
Dates Fourth Exam December 11
Last Day for Dropping October 31
Last Day of Classes December 05
Class Schedule 2:30 – 5:30 W (WGI) Classroom RH 300
Lecturer Dr. Junie B. Billones Consultation Hours 9 -12 M, T, Th, F or TBA
DPSM or EIDR Lab
Faculty Room Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics/EIDR CADD lab
Mobile +63 9063611198 Email jbbillones@up.edu.ph
Twitter Junie Billones@Junny_Neutron

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COURSE CONTENT

1. Inroduction to Inorganic Chemistry (3.0 hours)

Topic Objectives Remarks
A. Definition of Inorganic  Define Inorganic Chemistry August 22
Chemistry
B. Contrasts with Organic  Compare and contrasts Inorganic and Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
C. Genesis of the elements  Know the origin of the elements
 Compare the relative abundance of the elements
 Know the distribution of the elements on earth
D. History of Inorganic  Appreciate the history of Inorganic Chemistry
Chemistry  Know the recent developments in Inorganic Chemistry
E. Nuclear Chemistry  Understand mass defect and binding energy
 Solve problems on radioactivity
 Appreciate the formation of artificial isotopes
 Understand nuclear fission
 Appreciate the synthesis of transuranium elements
 Understand nuclear fusion
 Solve problems on applications of isotopes
 Know the fundamental particles

2. Atomic Structure (3.0 hours)

Topic Objectives Remarks
A. Historical development  Appreciate the development of atomic models August 29
of atomic theory  Familiarize the modern Periodic Table
 Recognize the trends in Periodic Table
B. The Schrodinger  Solve problems on Particle-in-a-Box
Equation  Appreciate the Hydrogen-like wave functions
 Understand the angular and radial functions
 Appreciate the quantum numbers and atomic wave
functions
 Demostrate the Aufbau Principle
 Evaluate shielding effect
C. Periodic properties of  Interpret the trend in atomic and ionic sizes
atoms  Interpret the trend in ionization energy
 Intepret the trend in electron affinity
 Intrerpret the trend in electronegativity
 Interpret the trend in metallicity/non-metallicity
 Interpret the trend in reduction/oxidation properties

3. Simple Bonding Theory (Assigned Reading)

Topic
A. Lewis Electron-Dot
Diagrams
B. Valence Shell Electron
Pair Repulsion Theory
C. Polar molecules
D. Hydrogen Bonding
Objectives Remarks
 Illustrate resonance September 05
 Appreciate expanded shells
 Assign formal charge on each atom in a molecule
 Appreciate multiple bonds in Be and B compounds
 Appreciate lone pair repulsion
 Know the effect of multiple bonds on molecular shape
 Appreciate the effect of electronegativity and atomic size
 Understand ligand close-packing
 Infer the polarity of a molecule
 Appreciate Hydrogen Bonding

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4. Symmetry and Group Theory (3.0 hours)
Topic Objectives Remarks
A. Symmetry elements  Recognize the different symmetry elements and September 05
and operations operations
B. Point Groups  Assign an object or molecule to a Point Group
 Know the properties and representations of Groups
C. Applications of  apply symmetry in determining chirality
Symmetry  apply symmetry in determing molecular vibrations

FIRST EXAMINATION (September 26)

5. Molecular Orbitals (6.0 hours)

Topic Objectives Remarks
A. Formation of molecular  Express mathematically and pictorially the formation of September 12 & 19
orbitals (MO) from MOs from s, p, and d orbitals
atomic orbitals (AO)  Illustrate the non-bonding orbitals
B. Homonuclear diatomic  Illustrate the formation of homonuclear diatomic MOs
molecules  Understand orbital mixing
 Recognize the trend in MO levels in 2nd and 3rd row
elements
 Understand Correlation Diagram on orbital mixing
C. Heteronuclear diatomic  Appreciate the MO for polar compound
molecules  Appreciate the MO for ionic compound
 Appreciate the MO for larger molecules
 Appreciate the formation of hybrid orbitals

6. Acid-Base and Donor-Acceptor Chemistry (3.0 hours)

Topic Objectives Remarks
A. Acid-Base concepts  Compare acid-base definitions October 03
 Understand the Arrhenius concept
 Understand the Bronted-Lowry concept
 Understand the solvent system concept
 Understand the Lewis concept
 Know the other acid-base concepts
B. Frontier orbitals and  Describe acid-base reactions based on frontier orbitals
acid- base reactions
C. Hydrogen bonding  Illustrate Hydrogen bonding using MOs
D. Electronic Spectra  Appreciate electronic transition in adduct formation
E. Hard and Soft acids and  Understand the concept of Hard and Soft acids and bases
bases  Classify an ion as hard or soft acid or base
 Apply HSAB concept in qualitative analysis of ions
 Familiarize the quantitative measures of acid-base
reactions
F. Acid and Base Strength  Know the different ways by which acid-base reactions are
measured experimentally
 Appreciate thermodynamic measurements in acid-base
reactions
 Relate proton affinity to acid-base strength
 Compare acidity/basicity of binary compounds
 Appreciate the inductive effects on acis/base strengths
 Rank order the strength of oxoacids
 Predict the acidity of cations in aqueous solutions
 Appreciate steric effects on acid/base strengths
 Recognize the effect of solvation on acid/base strength
 Consider the effects of nonaqueous solvents on acid/base
strength
 Familiarize the superacids

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 SECOND EXAMINATION (October 24)

7. The Crystalline Solid State Reporting

Topic
A. Formulas and
structures
B. Thermodynamics of
ionic crystal formation
C. Molecular orbitals and
band structures
D. Superconductivity
E. Bonding in Ionic crystals
F. Imperfections in solids
G. Silicates
Objectives Remarks
 Familiarize the 7 crystal classes and 14 Bravais lattices October 10
 Know the structures of binary compounds (Bantiling, Genato,
 Use radius ratio in predicting coordination numbers Nicdao, Tiu)
 Calculate lattice energy
 Recognize the effect of solvation and solubility on the
thermodynamics of dissolution
 Compare the band structures of conductors and insulators
 Familiarize the diodes, photovoltaic effect, and light-
emitting diodes
 Know the common low-temperature superconducting
alloys
 Understand the theory of superconductivity
 Familiarize the high-temperature superconductors
 Understand the bonding ionic crystals
 Know the different types of imperfections in solids
 Describe the different forms of silicates

8. Chemistry of the Main Group Elements Reporting

Topic Objectives Remarks
A. General trends in Main  Understand the trend in electrical resistivities October 10
Group Chemistry  Understand the trend in electronegativity (Hufalar, Maligaya,
 Understand the trend in ionization energy Narciso, Yu)
 Recognize similarities in chemical properties
B. Hydrogen  Examine the physical and chemical properties of hydrogen October 10
(Buco, Jang, Hingpit,
Manrique)
C. Group 1 (Alkali Metals)  Identify the alkali metals October 10
 Examine the physical and chemical properties of alkali (Advento, Ibarrientos,
metals Marpuri, Costiniano)
D. Group 2 (Alkaline  Identify the alkaline earth metals October 10
Earths)  Examine the physical and chemical properties of alkaline (Belber, dela Cruz,
earth metals Marquez, Mauricio

E. Group 13 (Triels)  Identify the Group 13 elements October 17

F. Group 14 (Tetrels)
G. Group 15 (Pnictogens)
H. Group 16 (Chalcogens)
I. Group 17 (Halogens)
J. Group 18 (Noble Gases)
 Familiarize the chemistry of Boron (Marco, Rivera,
 Know the other chemistry of Group 13 elements Gutierrez, Cano)
 Identify the Group 14 elements October 17
 Examine the properties of tetrels (Barago, Sanchez, Ora,
 Familiarize the chemistry of Carbon and Silicon Buendia)
 Identify the Group 15 elements October 17
 Examine the properties of pnictogens (Magtaas, Curias,
 Familiarize the chemistry of Group 15 elements and the Rabutin)
structure of their compounds (i.e. NxOy and PxOy)
 Identify the Group 16 elements October 17
 Examine the properties of Chalcogens (Abenales, Baldo,
 Familiarize the structure and chemistry of oxygen species Cabang, Gamboa)
 Appreciate the structure and chemistry of sulfur species
 Identify the Group 17 elements October 17
 Examine the properties of Halogens (Haddrill, Solomon,
 Familiarize the structure and chemistry of halogens Layumas, Tuso)
 Familiarize the interhalogens and pseudohalogens
 Identify the Group 18 elements October 17
 Examine the properties of noble gases (Reginaldo, Pineda)
 Familiarize the structure and chemistry of noble gases
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Deadline of submission of soft copy: October 31

9. Coordination Chemistry 1: Structures and Isomers (3.0 hours)

Topic Objectives Remarks
A. History  Know the history of Coordination Chemistry October 31
B. Nomenclature  Familiarize the common ligands
 Apply the rules in naming coordination compounds
C. Isomerism  Know the different types of isomerism
 Examine the steroisomerism exhibited by 4- and 6-
coordinate complexes
 Assign the chirality of chelates
 Assign ligand conformation in chelates
 Differentiate the types of constitutional isomers
D. Coordination numbers  Examine the structures of compounds with low
and structures coordination numbers (CN = 1, 2, 3)
 Examine the structures of compounds with coordination
number 4
 Examine the structures of compounds with coordination
number 5
 Examine the structures of compounds with coordination
number 6
 Examine the structures of compounds with coordination
number 7
 Examine the structures of compounds with larger
coordination numbers

10. Coordination Chemistry 2: Bonding (3.0 hours)

Topic Objectives Remarks
A. Experimental evidence  Use thermodynamic data in comparing stabilities of November 07
for electronic structures complexes
 Calculate magnetic moments for atoms and ions
B. Theories of electronic  Understand the Valence Bond Theory
structure  Illustrate the electronic structure of a complex according
to VBT
 Understand the Crystal Field Theory
 Illustrate the electronic structure of a complex according
to CFT
 Understand the Ligand Field Theory
 Illustrate the electronic structure of a complex according
to LFT
 Understand the Angular Overlap Model
 Illustrate the electronic structure of a complex according
to AOM
 Illustrate Jahn-Teller effect

11. Coordination Chemistry 3: Electronic Spectra (1.5 hours)

Topic Objectives Remarks
A. Absorption of light  Recall the concept of absorption of light November 14
B. Quantum numbers of  Generate a Microstate Table
multielectron atoms
C. Electronic spectra of  Familiarize the Selection Rules
coordination  Interpret Correlation Diagrams
compounds  Interpret Tanabe-Sugano Diagrams
 Examine the effects of Jahn-Teller distortions on spectra
 Apply TS diagram in determining o from spectra
 Examine the spectra of tetrahedral complexes
 Familiarize the charge-transfer spectra

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12. Coordination Chemistry 4: Reactions and Mechanisms
Topic
A. Principle
B. Substitution reactions
C. Kinetic consequences of  Examine the kinetics of Dissociative (D) reaction
reaction pathways
D. Stereochemistry of
reactions
E. Substitution Reactions
of Square Planar
Complexes
F. The Trans Effect
G. Oxidation-Reduction
Reactions
(1.5 hours)
Objectives Remarks
 Review the background underlying reaction mechanism November 14
 Compare inert and labile compounds
 Examine the mechanisms of substitution reactions
 Examine the kinetics of Interchange (I) reaction
 Examine the kinetics of Association (A) reaction
 examine the stereochemistry of acid aquation and base
substitution
 predict the stereochemistry of substitution in trans
complexes
 predict the stereochemistry of substitution in cis
complexes
 Investigate the kinetics and stereochemistry of square
planar substitutions
 Know the evidence for associative reactions

 Explain the trans effect
 Differentiate Inner- and Outer-Sphere reactions
 Familiarize the conditions for high and low oxidation
numbers

THIRD EXAMINATION (November 21 )

13. Organometallic Chemistry (1.5 hours)

Topic Objectives Remarks
A. Historical background  Know the development of Organometallic Chemistry November 28
 Examine the structure of some organometallic
compounds
B. Organic ligands and  Familiarize common organic ligands
nomenclature
C. The 18-Electron Rule  Learn the schemes for counting electrons
D. Ligands in  Examine the structures of carbonyl and similar complexes
Organometallic  Examine hydride and dihydrogen complexes
Chemistry
E. Bonding between metal  Understand the bonding in compounds containing linear
atoms and organic  and cyclic  systems
system  Familiarize the fullerene systems
F. Complexes containing  Know alkyl and related complexes
M-C, M=C, and MC  Know the carbene complexes
Bonds  Know the carbyne complexes

14. Organometallic Reactions and Catalysis (1.5 hours)

Topic Objectives Remarks
A. Reactions involving gain  Examine ligand dissociation and substitution November 28
or loss of ligands  Examine oxidative addition
 Examine reductive elimination
 Examine nucleophilic displacement
B. Reactions involving  Examine insertion reactions
modification of ligands  Examine hydride elimination
 Examine abstraction reaction
C. Organometllic catalysts  Examine catalytic deuteration
 Examine hydroformylation
 Examine Monsanto acetic acid process
 Examine Wacker (Smidt) process
 Examine hydrogenation by Wilkinson’s catalyst
 Examine olefin metathesis

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D. Heterogeneous  Familiarize Ziegler-Natta polymerization
catalysts  Familiarize water gas reaction

15. Parallels Between Main Group and Organometallic Chemistry (1.5 hours)
Topic Objectives Remarks
A. Main Group parallels  Examine the parallels between Cl and Co(CO) 4 December 05
with binary carbonyl  Examine the parallels between S and Fe(CO) 4
complexes
B. The Isoblobal Analogy  Understand the concept of isolobal analogy
 Familiarize the extensions of isolobal analogy
 Know some examples of applications of isolobal analogy
C. Metal-Metal bonds  Examine the bonding interactions between metal d
orbitals
D. Cluster Compounds  Examine the structure and bonding in boranes
 Familiarize the heteroboranes, metallaboranes, and
metallacarboranes
 Examine the carbonyl clusters
 Examine the carbide clusters

16. Bioinorganic and Environmental Chemistry (1.5 hours)

Topic Objectives Remarks
A. Metals in biochemical  Know the roles of metal ions in biochemical reactions December 05
reactions
B. Porphyrins and related  know the chemistry of iron porhyrins (i.e. hemoglobin,
complexes myoglobin, cytochromes, peroxydases, catalases) in
biological systems
 know the chemistry of other of similar ring compounds
(i.e. chlorophylls, coenzyme B12, )
 know the chemistry of other iron compounds (i.e. ferritin,
transferrin, siderochromes)
C. Zinc and Copper  Know the chemistry of carboxypetidase, carbonic
enzymes anhydrase, ceruloplasmin, and superoxide dismutase
D. Nitrogen fixation  Examine the structure of FeMo cofactor of nitrogenase
 Familiarize nitrification and denitrification
E. Nitric oxide  Know the importance of NO in biochemistry
F. Inorganic medicinal  Know the structure and biochemistry of cisplatin and
compounds related complexes
 Know the use of auranofin in arthritis treatment
 Know the use of vanadium complexes in medicine
 Know the use of inorganic agents in studying DNA
G. Environmental  know the detrimental effects of mercury
chemistry  know the detrimental effects of lead
 know the detrimental effects of arsenic
 know the detrimental effects of radioactive waste
 know the detrimental effects of sulfur
 know the detrimental effects of nitrogen oxides
 know the chemistry of ozone
 know the major cause of greenhouse effect

FOURTH EXAM (December 11)

CLASS POLICIES

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 1. Absences: Any student who failed to take an exam due to illness may be excused upon presentation of a
medical certificate issued by the UP Health Service. A comprehensive exam may then be substituted for the
missed exam. This can be done for ONLY one exam.
2. Scholastic integrity: All forms of cheating merits a grade of 5.0 for the course. A student who is found guilty of
cheating will not be allowed to drop the course in order to avoid getting a grade of 5.0.
3. The written assignment/reports must have the following format:
i. Title and Author(s)
ii. Introduction (Significance, scope and limitation)
iii. Body (text with example, illustration, sample problem)
iv. Self-Assessment questions with Answers (5 objectives, 5 essay/problem solving)
v. References

4. The research paper must have the following format:

i. Title and Author(s)
ii. Introduction (Significance, scope and limitation, description of study)
iii. Materials and Methods
iv. Results and Discussion
v. Conclusion
j. References
k. Appendix (raw and processes data)

5. All written reports, assignments, soft copies of presentations, research papers must be submitted via e-mail
(jbbillones@up.edu.ph). A copy in pdf format must accompany all submissions.

Grading System 90 -
1.00 60 - 64 2.50
100
85 - 89 1.25 55 - 59 2.75
80 - 84 1.50 50 - 54 3.00
75 - 79 1.75 40 – 49 4.00
70 - 74 2.00 Below 40 5.00
65 - 69 2.25