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In order to further verify this result, we have analyzed of Factors including charge type, propagation medium and
the amplitude energy of first break waves (far-field path, medium coupling and detonation form all have
wavelet) on single channel data recorded by borehole significant effects on the conversion of explosive energy to
receivers. We first calculated RMS amplitudes of first seismic wave energy. The energy available per pound of
breaks received by two receivers buried at 20m and 35m in explosive is quite consistent and can thus be converted to
and then measured the coordinates of each source and the same amount of seismic wave energy. Although
receiving wells as well as the receiving depth. Lastly, we estimates of rock wall impedance based on drill core
calculated the offsets of each source and receiver density may entail some degree of inaccuracy, they can be
respectively. The spacing distance was adjusted based on used to gain significant insight into the relationship
the amplitude recorded by the receiver with the minimum between impedance coupling ratios and elastic wave
offset. We calculated the spatial correction coefficient of energy.
all other recording channels based on the recording data
with a detonation velocity of 7000m/s. According to the This study modifies our understanding of the relationship
geometrical attenuation relationship that the amplitude of between explosive impedance coupling and elastic wave
-m
particle motion varies by propagation distance A∝r , the energy and leads to several new conclusions.
attenuation of body wave propagating in the medium in
close distance meet the law A ∝ r-2; Therefore the two Clay strata with low rock impedance ratios can generate
different amplitude attenuations can be described by the more powerful elastic wave energy when wall rock
function below (Lin Dachao and Bai Chunhua, 2007): impedance ratios are in the range of 1.8 to 2.0 and
detonation velocities vary from 5000m/s to 5500m/s.
A1 r (1)
= ( 2 )2 Because impedance coupling ratios cannot exceed 1.8 in
A2 r1
excitation regions with high impedance coupling ratio
rocks such as granite and limestone, higher detonation
We can then determine the final space correction to all velocity explosives should be used to optimize results.
amplitudes using correction coefficient calculated by the
function above. Figure 3 shows the relationship of RMS
amplitude with impedance coupling in boreholes 20m and
35m in depth, respectively. The left plot of figure 3 shows
the amplitude before corrections; no apparent relationship
between in amplitude variation and the maximum value
occurs at 6500m/s of detonation velocity. The right plot of
Figure 3 shows the same data after correction; the
maximum amplitude occurs in velocities varying from
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SEG Denver 2010 Annual Meeting 138
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Figure2: Columnar sections of RMS amplitude against impedance coupling of first breaks and reflections (Above: first breaks, below:
reflections).
Figure 3: Columnar sections of RMS amplitude against impedance coupling received borehole 20m in depth (up: 20m, down: 35m, left:
before corrections, right: after corrections).
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2 0.94 3000 174.104 181.782 17.455 2.502 0.728 0.881 0.867 0.808
3 1.19 3500 169.617 166.872 17.116 2.506 0.709 0.809 0.851 0.809
4 1.31 4000 149.026 143.903 16.234 2.371 0.623 0.697 0.807 0.766
5 1.44 4500 186.342 173.068 19.826 2.945 0.779 0.839 0.985 0.951
6 1.72 5000 214.538 195.128 19.850 3.075 0.897 0.945 0.986 0.993
7 1.97 5500 239.080 206.385 20.124 3.096 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
8 2.48 6500 187.705 173.957 18.022 2.834 0.785 0.843 0.896 0.915
9 2.84 7000 174.628 171.604 17.700 2.674 0.730 0.831 0.880 0.863
10 3.26 8000 152.403 176.044 17.691 2.459 0.637 0.853 0.879 0.794
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EDITED REFERENCES
Note: This reference list is a copy-edited version of the reference list submitted by the author. Reference lists for the 2010
SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts have been copy edited so that references provided with the online metadata for
each paper will achieve a high degree of linking to cited sources that appear on the Web.
REFERENCES
Lin, D., and B. Chunhua, 2007, Explosion seismic effect: Geological Publishing House, 66-68.
Nicholls, H. R., 1962, Coupling explosive energy to rock: Geophysics, 27, 305–316,
doi:10.1190/1.1439015.
© 2010 SEG
SEG Denver 2010 Annual Meeting 141