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American Academy Larnaca

Year 5 Test
Triple Science
Physics
Topic P2.ll: Putting radiation to use
Monday 13 Dec 2010

SQ paper
Time: 20 minutes
FORMULAE

You may find the following formulae useful.

. displacement s
average velocity = -----''---.-- v=-
tIme t

. change in velocity (v-u)

acce Ieration = , a = --'-------'-
time t

momentum = mass x velocity p=mxv

force = mass x acceleration F=mxa

change. in
I = mass x . .
gravitationa I file Id strengt h x Ch ange III
. hei
eig ht Pli=m x g xh
potentia energy .

kinetic energy = Yz x mass x (velocityr'

electrical energy = voltage x current x time E=Vx]xt

work done p=W

power =
time taken t

work done = force x distance moved in the direction of the force W=Fxs

SQPAPER 1
1. (a) The diagram shows the sources of the radiation that people are exposed to in the UK .

...... ~-
namral :&7%

TV sets, air travel, luminous dials

fallout: from weapon tests
ocr:upationalsollIc:eS
dHcha.""§es from the nuclear power industry

(i) Use the data to find the percentage produced by non-natural sources .

.............. 0:!.:f....~...fJ.:.~.t.«..u.: ..s,..l v.,; le: .. Y..: .r-.t....+..1t, >.:L............................................. :;;

-::: l3 -I..
-
....................... .

(2)
(b) The diagram shows the risk of being killed by different causes.

risk of d~.atb due to ds).: of death due to

risk of death due to acddents
diseases radiatinn

.heartcaucer, fill! all roo:lie.].&traCUtiOll 1igl:.4ll!IDg 118Ji'ural nuclear

disease: acddents al:~1i b~gromul iadastry

Some people argue that the nuclear industry increases the risk of death due to radiation.
Do the numbers shown support this argument? Explain your answer.

··············1~······~······t...f..··~~······b"':':>~ /

..............
~ ~#.~ ~ h~~~ ~ O~ ~ c./
:~~.J; ~"">.~ ~
.............. ~ ~~.~\l L.c.l ~.b..l .
...........................
~.~~~.&~.~ ~-~,.\':~~ r/

(3)
[Total for Ql: 5 marks]

SQPAPER 2
2. Sohan's father, Carl, is a market gardener who grows strawberries.
Carl wants his strawberries to stay fresh for longer.

The diagram shows how this could be done using a radioactive source.

radioactive source shield

sir;l\'i'ibemes moved
along by belt

Put a cross .C!iITI in the correct box to complete each sentence.

alphapartides o
(i) Carlases beta particles o because they are best mpenetrating through
the strawberries.
oe' mma rays
(I)

€vaporatiou 0
(ii) This process: is called ionisation 0 treatment and it works: by killingbacreria.

radiation ~
(I}

Some people are worried by this treatment.

Suggest why.
'l"
.... H... ".~II>.\.....",..,.H $.~.~~'£...M...'''\:
U •.. M~ur'fA\L.. /
.................
~ "'w.:.~ W.;..~ ~.c...t..tr. ~~ .
(1)

SQPAPER 3
(b) The radiation from Carl' s radioactive source can be dangerous.

(i) Describe one way in which the radiation can be harmful to him .

...........
~k-~ ~ ~ t;?~..A .

(1)

(ii) Suggest one precaution that Carl should take when using the radioactive source .

.............. \~~~\ ~ ..~.~ ~.~ .

(1)

[Total for Q2: 5 marks]

3. A spark counter is a type of detector of radiation.

Mew grid --------z:------------

Spark ,. '~

l~rre _

•
Its action is shown above where a source is held near to an earthed metal grid.
A wire is maintained at -5000 V.
The air between the grid and the wire is ionised and sparks are seen.
This only occurs if the source is a few cm from the grid or nearer.

(a) State two properties of alpha particles that suggest why the source is emitting alpha radiation.

(i) l,:.9~ ~n ..\ ..v.-y .

(1)

(ii) ~ ~~v.-~ ~"e. (~ ~i.L .

(1)

(b) Name two other types of detector which can detect alpha radiation.

1 Cs~.~ ~ .
2 ~~~~~ \:..\~ .
, \ (2)

SQPAPER 4
(c) State one safety hazards associated with this experiment other than the fact that the radiation
is ionising and can cause mutations .

.........
: ~.\)l w.~.~~ .

(+1)
[Total for Q3: 4 marks + 1 strength and challenge]

4. (a) A radioactive isotope produces alpha, beta and gamma radiations. The diagram shows the
apparatus used to measure the penetrating power of the alpha, beta and gamma radiations.

lead slit

I b-e.-.J--I
mdIDactive
SDtlTC,e
I absorber
-G-'.1.-h-'u COuntff I

A background radiation count is taken without the source present. The source is then placed behind
the lead slit. Three different absorbers are placed in turn between the radioactive source and the GM
tube and the count rate is measured. Each reading is repeated three times and the average calculated.

(i) State the unit for the activity of a radioactive source.

·····~t···························H H....................... (1)

(ii) In the experiment each reading is repeated three times to improve accuracy.
Explain why .

............... ~~~~\~ ~~~ e?: ~ ~~ ~.~ .

................~ ~j">~ ~~~,.C> ~ ~ ~.~~ .

(2)
(iii) What is the purpose of the lead slit used in the experiment?

..................
~ ~~~~~ b ~.9.~ [ ..~~.~ ~~.~~.~.\. .

.H.......~.~...4Y..'".w.·I··~~-:r1,.\,'yf;,···H ..~ .. ~~ .....

(+1)
~ "'O~ ~~ c;.,~\AAJ'·~C

SQPAPER 5
(b) The table shows the results of the experiment.

no source no absol41!)er paper alllmiDi"mn ~ead.

absorber afl)sM1re1' absorber
I C1Hmts/min 36 496 ]96 36

(i) What was the background radiation in counts/min?

.......................................
3.~ .
(1)
(iii) How many gamma rays/min from the radioactive source were detected at the GM tube?

........................................
?.}.~ ~ ~.~ ::: $..~ .
(+1)
[Total for Q4: 4 marks + 2 strength and challenge]

(Turn over for question 5)

SQPAPER 6
1'------: --~.- .. ~ - .

5. The rate of decay of a radioactive sample was measured over a period of 35 seconds. The graph
below shows the results of this experiment

180

160

140
1\
S 120 \\
-.
:::J
c
.§
~ 100
r\
J!l
c
:::J
~ 80
l;"
.;;
s ~
< 60

40

20

.
o
o 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
time (s)

a. Use the graph to estimate the background acticity: cc (1)

b. Use the graph to estimate the radiation of the sample initially: \~ (1)

c. Use the graph to estimat the half-life oftbe sample: )

....... ..JQV.x~.3:.:::.. ~O" .(.H..S.Q:X ..~QH-7..\.\0 .

............................................................................................................
····7/.·····························

.................................................................................
~ 1:.S.s, .
(+ 1)

[Total for Q5: 2 marks + 1 strength and challenge]

TOTAL FOR STRUCTURED QUESTIONS PAPER: 20 MARKS

TOTAL FOR STRENGTH AND CHALLENGE: 4 MARKS

SQPAPER 7