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Aim: To determine the smoke point of given petroleum product.

Apparatus:
 Smoke point apparatus
 Separating Funnel
 Stirrer
 Glass beaker (500 ml)
 Scissors
 Graduated glass cylinders.

Chemicals: Kerosene, Sulfuric Acid

Experimental Set up:

Smoke point lamp :


 The lamp consists of an oil container provided with a wick tube and air vent, a gallery
fitted with a wick guide and provided with air inlets, a lamp body, a chimney.
 The lamp is provided with a specified 50 mm scale graduated in 1mm marked in white
lines on black glass, and the top of the wick guide is marked with the zero on the scale.
 A device is provided for raising or lowering the oil container slowly and regularly.
 The glass window in the door of the lamp is curved to prevent the formation of the
multiple images.
 The joint between the base of the oil container and its body shall be oil-tight.

Definition of Smoke Point:

The smoke point is defined as the maximum flame height in millimeters at which a
kerosene will burn without producing smoke, when determine in apparatus under specified
condition .

Significance and use:


The smoke point gives an indication of the combustion performance of kerosene.
It will gives an idea about smoking tendency. Higher aromatics lower the smoke point.

Procedure:
 Introduce 20 ml of previously filtered sample into clean, dry oil container.
 Soak a wick in the sample under test and insert in the wick holder. Remove any twist in
the wick and screw the wick holder on the oil container.
 Cut the wick horizontally and trim it so that 6 mm of wick projects from wick holder.
 Insert the oil container into the lamp and light the wick. Adjust the wick height to give
the flame of about 10 mm at least for 5 minutes.
 Make 5 or 6 determination of the smoke point by raising the wick until a smoky flame is
produced and lowering it until the smoky tail just disappears.
 Raise the wick until smoke flame is produced and thereafter lower the wick till smoky
tail just disappears. Note the flame height by removing parallax between flame and its
image in the mirror
o Precautions:
 Always use extracted wicks In Toluene+ Methanol mixture, Soak the wick
by filter paper and dry in an oven at 100 º C by putting in watch glass for
half an hour.
 The test shall normally be carried out at room temp. of not less than 15oC;
I is recommended at the room temp. and the barometric pressure be
recorded.
 Place the lamp in a vertical position completely protected from draughts.

Result: The smoke point of given petroleum sample is = ------ mm of flame height.

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