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KNOWLEDGE, PRACTICES AND ATTITUDE OF WOMEN

TOWARDS GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER IN SELECTED
BARANGAY OF DASMARIÑAS, CAVITE

A Thesis Presented to the Faculty

Of the School of Nursing
Emilio Aguinaldo College

In Partial Fulfilment of the

Requirements for the Degree of
Bachelor of Nursing

Abuel, Maria Celeste V.

Agnes, Carmela D.
Garcia, Joreliegh Rose D.

JULY 2020
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Foremost, the researchers would like to give thanks and glory to the Almighty
God, who guided, blessed and gave them knowledge, wisdom and understanding,
on doing their research. For with whom, nothing is impossible.

This study would not be possible without the help of the following people, whom
extended their helping hand to be in service to the researchers. The researchers
would like to express their sincere gratitude to their advisor, Ma’am Giovannah H.
Castillo, RN, MAN, for unselfishly sharing her knowledge, time and skills for
assisting the researchers on improving the study. To their outreach coordinator
and one of their clinical instructors, Ma’am Obdulia M. Almarez, RN, MAEd, MAN,
for her support during the researcher’s intervention. To the women participants of
Brgy Sitio Visaya, and their health worker, Ma’am Emy Hayag, who has been with
the researcher many times during their study, their effort is very much appreciated.
To the Brgy officers who accommodated the researchers during the intervention.
Special thanks to the EAC Midwifery faculty and staff headed by Ma’am Josephine
A. Flores, RN, RM, MAN, for extending their helping hand and by doing the
papsmear procedure to the researcher’s participants. To the Dean of the School of
Nursing, Arnel G. Pantoja, RN, MSN, for inspiring the researchers and for
providing equipments needed for the interventions.

For the researcher’s classmates, the BSN IV, who inspired and motivated the
researchers during their most difficult times. Last but not the least, the researchers’
family and friends, who became their strength and their fortress, for the never
ending support and unconditional love, the researchers would like to dedicate all
their work to you all.
MCA
CDA
JRDG
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KNOWLEDGE, PRACTICES AND ATTITUDE OF WOMEN TOWARDS

GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER IN SELECTED BARANGAY OF DASMARIÑAS,
CAVITE
1
Maria Celeste V. Abuel, 1Carmela D. Agnes, and 1Joreliegh Rose D. Garcia,
2
Giovannah H. Castillo, RN, MAN
Proponent and Research Adviser

1
School of Nursing, Emilio Aguinaldo College, City of Dasmariñas, Cavite

ABSTRACT

Cancer is a global pandemic affecting both developed and developing regions, but it is rapidly
increasing in low and middle-income countries, where resources for prevention, diagnosis and
treatment are limited or non-existent. Breast and cervical cancers are the leading cancers among
women in developing countries and globally, the number of new cases and deaths from cervical
cancer is projected to rise 720,415 and 394,905 respectively in 2025 (Aweke & Ayanto, 2017). This
study on gynecological cancer among women participants (n=28) aimed to evaluate changes in
their knowledge, practices and attitude after two series of health interventions. Before-after method
was utilized after content validated pre- test with Cronbach Alpha in knowledge (0.8), practices
(0.8) and attitude (0.9). Results showed that there are slight changes in the posttest means of KPA
interpreted as no significant difference after a health education done as the first intervention. There
are significant difference in the posttest means of KPA after the second intervention was given.
Moreover, to determine the changes in KPA before and after the two health interventions using
pretest posttest design, t-test was utilized. In the first intervention, the p value of 0.02 in knowledge
is less than the alpha which means that there is no significant difference in the means of
knowledge; while there is a significant difference in the practices and attitude of the participants,
where the p value is higher in practices which is 0.10 and p value of 0.33 in attitude, respectively.
Furthermore, in the second intervention, knowledge and practices has p value of 0.00 which is less
than the alpha, 0.05, which means there is no significant difference in the knowledge and practices
scores of each sample before and after health education, while there is a significant difference in
the attitude of participants with 0.27 p value, higher than the alpha 0.05.

Keywords: Gynecological Cancer

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page No.
TITLE PAGE ……………………………………………………………… i
APPROVAL SHEET ………………………………………………….…. ii
CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY ……………………………………….. iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ………………………………………………….. iv
ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………… v
TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………………………………………... vi
LIST OF TABLES ………………………………………………………….. vii
LIST OF FIGURES ………………………………………………………… viii
LIST OF APPENDICES …………………………………………………… ix

INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………….. 1
Objective of the Study …………………………………………….. 3
Hypothesis………………………………………………………….. 3
Theoretical Framework …………………………………………… 4
Significance of the Study…………………………………………. 6
Scope and Limitation of the Study……………………………….. 7
Definition of Terms ………………………………………………… 7
Review of Related Literatures……………………………………... 9

METHODOLOGY ……………………………………………………………… 25
Research Design ………………………………………………………. 25
Research Participants and Locale of the study …………………….. 25
Data Gathering Procedure ……………………………………………. 26
Research Instrument ………………………………………………… 26
Data Analysis …………………………………………………………… 29

RESULTS ………………………………………………………………………...30
Data Presentation and analysis.……………………………………… 30

DISCUSSION …………………………………………………………………….52
Interpretation of the results ……………………………………………..52
Future Directions of the Study ………………………………………….53
Conclusion (Possible Implications) …………………………………….53
Recommendation ………………………………………………………..54
Bibliography …………………………………………………………… 56
Appendices ……………………………………………………………….61

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LIST OF TABLES

Table Page No.

1. Pre-test and Post-test of Knowledge in First Intervention……………...30

2. Pre-test and Post-test of Practice in First Intervention………………....34

3. Pre-test and Post-test of Attitude in First Intervention……………….....37

4. Pre-test and Post- test of Knowledge in Second Intervention………....41

5. Pre- test and Post-test of Practice in Second Intervention………….…45

6. Pre- test and Post- test of Attitude in Second Intervention………….…48

7. T-test of Knowledge, Practice and Attitude………………………………50

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page No.

1. Theoretical framework of the study…………………………………4

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix Page No.

1. Communication Letters

2. Research Instrument/s

3. Tabulated Statistical Data

4. Forms

a. Assignment of Adviser

b. Assignment of Language Editor

c. Assignment of Panel of Examiners

5. Certifications

a. Language Editing

b. Technical Editing

c. Statistical Analysis

6. Resume of the Researchers

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APPENDIX 1

Communication Letter
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APPENDIX 2

Research Instrument
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APPENDIX 3

Tabulated Statistical Data

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APPENDIX 4

Forms
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APPENDIX 5

Certification
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APPENDIX 6

Resume of the Researcher