Disney Vocabulary

Bag of Flour-harina
Stick of butter- barra de mantequilla
Salt shaker-salero
Cupboard-alacena
Taking a Nap- tomando una siesta
Lying-acostado
Take a Bath- bañandose
Mixing-mezclar
Spoon-cuchara
Ties a ribbon- atar una cinta
Bow-moño
Weapping-envolviendo
Barking-ladrando
 Verb to be and Personal Pronouns (1 2)
Verb to be use when you talk about the years old.

 Mary is 20 years old / Maria tiene 20 años

 I am 21 / Yo tengo 21 años
 how old are you? / ¿Cuántos años tienes?

Verb to be use when you talk about the feel.

 Are you hungry? / ¿Tienes hambre?

 He is thirsty / Tiene sed

Verb to be use when you talk about the weather.

 It's windy / Hace viento

 It's very cold / Hace mucho frío

Personal To Be To Be
Pronouns (‘) Contractions
I [ai] I’m [am] I am [ai am]
You [iu] You’re [iur] You are [iu ar]
He [hi] He’s [his] He is [hi is]
She [shi] She’s [shis] She is [shi is]
It [it] It’s [its] It is [it is]
We [gui] We’re [guir] We are [gui ar]
They . [dei] They’re [deir] They are [dei ar]
 Affi rmati ves Affi rmati ves

She is a student. She’s a student. I am thirsty. I’m thirsty.

We are teachers. We’re teachers. You are Reynosa You’re Reynosa
It is a cat. It’s a cat. He is sad. He’s sad.
They are dogs. They’re dogs. She is tall. She’s tall.
Lucy is a pupil. Negati ve
Lucy’s a pupil. It is moving.Negati ve It’s moving.
John is a boy. John’s a boy. We are tired. She isn’tWe’re tired.
I am not thirsty. I’m not thirsty. I am not thirsty. a student.
I am Portuguese. I’m Portuguese. They are students They’re students
You are not Reynosa You’re not Reynosa You are not We aren’t teachers.
He is not sad. He’s not sad. HeReynosa
is not sad. It isn’t a cat.
She is not tall. She’s not tall. She is not tall. They aren’t dogs.
It is not moving. It’s not moving. It is not moving. Lucy isn’t a pupil.
We are not tired. We’re not tired. We are not tired. John isn’t a boy.
They are not They’re not students They are not I’m not Portuguese.
students students

Questi ons Affi rmati ve/Negati ve Questi ons Affi rmative/Negati ve

Am I right? Yes I am/No I’m not Am I thirsty? Yes I am/No I’m not
Are you Alan Parker? Yes you are/No you’re Are you Yes you are/No you’re
not Reynosa? not
Is he here? Yes he is/No he’s not Is he sad? Yes he is/No he’s not
Is she a nurse? Yes she is/No she’s not Is she tall? Yes she is/No she’s not
Is it second-hand? Yes it is/No it’s not Is it moving? Yes it is/No it’s not
Are we wrong? Yes we are/No we’re Yes we are/No we’re
Are we tired?
not not
Are they American? Yes they are/No Are they Yes they are/No they’re
they’re not students? not
 Simple present (1-4) (2-3)
ROUTINES ALL THE TIME

Use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can be a habit,
a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens. It can also be something a
person often forgets or usually does not do

 I play tennis.
 She does not play tennis.
 Does he play tennis?
 The train leaves every morning at 8 AM.
 The train does not leave at 9 AM.
 When does the train usually leave?
 She always forgets her purse.
 He never forgets his wallet.
 Every twelve months, the Earth circles the Sun.
 Does the Sun circle the Earth?

The Simple Present can also indicate the speaker believes that a fact was true before, is true now, and
will be true in the future. It is not important if the speaker is correct about the fact. It is also used to
make generalizations about people or things.

 Cats like milk.

 Birds do not like milk.
 Do pigs like milk?
  California is in America.
 California is not in the United Kingdom.
 Windows are made of glass.
 Windows are not made of wood.
 New York is a small city. It is not important that this fact is untrue.

Speakers occasionally use Simple Present to talk about scheduled events in the near future. This is most
commonly done when talking about public transportation, but it can be used with other scheduled
events as well.

 The train leaves tonight at 6 PM.

 The bus does not arrive at 11 AM, it arrives at 11 PM.
 When do we board the plane?
 The party starts at 8 o'clock.
 When does class begin tomorrow?

Affi rmati ves Negati ve

I wake up. I don’t wake up.

You wake up You don’t’ wake up
He studies He doesn’t listens
She works She doesn’has
It goes It doesn’t goes
We wake up We don’t wake up
They get up They don’t run

Questi ons Affi rmati ve/Negati ve Time expressions

Do I study….? On Monday (s)
Yes I do/No I don’t
Du ai stadi On (the) weekend
Do you study….? Yes you do/No you In the morning (s)
Du iu stadi don’t In the afternoon (s)
Does he live here…? Yes he does/No he In the evening (s)
Das hi liv hire doesn’t At night
Does she have…? Yes she does/No she Before breakfast
Das shi hav doesn’t After class
Does it machine Every day
Yes it does/No it
work? Every ……….
doesn’t
Das it
 Simple Present
Information Questions
When do you work? I work from Monday to Friday on the week
When does she work? She works from 7 o clock to 6 pm on..
When do you go to the bed? I go to the bed after 10 o clock every day
Where does he go to the night club? He goes at jabibi every Saturday
Where does it sell beer? The beer sell at the store all days
Who do you work with? I work with 3 women 9 man on the week

Who does he eat out with? He eats out with his family on the Sunday

She goes to the movie theater with her boyfriend

Who does she go to the movie theater?
every weekend

Why do you run in the gym? I run in the gym on the morning for security

She leaves the city for visit her mom every

Why does she leave the city?
How often do you go to school?
How often do you drink a beer?
How often do you children watch TV?
What do you do on the night?
What do you read?
What do you study?
Sunday
I go to school 5 days on the week
I drink a beer every day
They watch TV 2 hours all day
I go to the gym every night
 Present continuous (1-7) (2-3)
Talk about now Temporary events

USE 1 Now

Use the Present Continuous with Normal Verbs to express the idea that something is happening now, at
this very moment. It can also be used to show that something is not happening now.

 You are learning English now.

 You are not swimming now.
 Are you sleeping?
 I am sitting.
 I am not standing.
 Is he sitting or standing?
 They are reading their books.
 They are not watching television.
 What are you doing?
 Why aren't you doing your homework?

USE 2 Longer Actions in Progress Now

In English “now" can mean: this second, today, this month, this year, this century, and so on.
Sometimes, we use the Present Continuous to say that we are in the process of doing a longer action
which is in progress; however, we might not be doing it at this exact second.
Examples: (All of these sentences can be said while eating dinner in a restaurant.)

 I am studying to become a doctor.

 I am not studying to become a dentist.
 I am reading the book Tom Sawyer.
 I am not reading any books right now.
 Are you working on any special projects at work?
 Aren't you teaching at the university now?

USE 3 near Future

Sometimes, speakers use the Present Continuous to indicate that something will or will not happen in
the near future.

 I am meeting some friends after work.

 I am not going to the party tonight.
 Is he visiting his parents next weekend?
 Isn't he coming with us tonight?

USE 4 Repetitions and Irritation with "Always"

The Present Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses the idea that something
irritating or shocking often happens. Notice that the meaning is like Simple Present, but with negative
emotion. Remember to put the words "always" or "constantly" between "be" and "verb+ing."

 She is always coming to class late.

 He is constantly talking. I wish he would shut up.
 I don't like them because they are always complaining.
Simple present pasive (4-3)
 Simple past (1-10) (2-5) (2-9)
USE 1 Completed Action in the Past

Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past.
Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one specific time in
mind

Examples:

 I saw a movie yesterday.

 I didn't see a play yesterday.
 Last year, I traveled to Japan.
 Last year, I didn't travel to Korea.
 Did you have dinner last night?
 She washed her car.
 He didn't wash his car

USE 2 A Series of Completed Actions

We use the Simple Past to list a series of completed actions in the past. These actions happen 1st, 2nd,
3rd, 4th, and so on.

Examples:

 I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.
 He arrived from the airport at 8:00, checked into the hotel at 9:00, and met the others at 10:00.
 Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs?

USE 3 Duration in Past

The Simple Past can be used with a duration which starts and stops in the past. A duration is a longer
action often indicated by expressions such as: for two years, for five minutes, all day, all year, etc.
Examples:

 I lived in Brazil for two years.

 Shauna studied Japanese for five years.
 They sat at the beach all day.
 They did not stay at the party the entire time.
 We talked on the phone for thirty minutes.
 A: How long did you wait for them?
B: We waited for one hou

USE 4 Habits in the Past

The Simple Past can also be used to describe a habit which stopped in the past. It can have the same
meaning as "used to." To make it clear that we are talking about a habit, we often add expressions such as:
always, often, usually, never, when I was a child, when I was younger, etc.

Examples:

 I studied French when I was a child.

 He played the violin.
 He didn't play the piano.
 Did you play a musical instrument when you were a kid?
 She worked at the movie theater after school.
 They never went to school, they always skipped class.

USE 5 Past Facts or Generalizations

The Simple Past can also be used to describe past facts or generalizations which are no longer true. As in
USE 4 above, this use of the Simple Past is quite similar to the expression "used to."

Examples:

 She was shy as a child, but now she is very outgoing.

 He didn't like tomatoes before.
 Did you live in Texas when you were a kid?
 People paid much more to make cell phone calls in the past.
 Simple past of be (1-11)
Verb to be in the past

Positive with 'be' Negative with 'be' Negative Short Form

I was cold I was not sleepy I wasn't sleepy
you were tired you were not on the bus you weren't on the bus
he was in the garden he was not at school he wasn't at school
she was late she was not beautiful she wasn't beautiful
it was sunny it was not cold it wasn't cold
we were on holiday we were not at work we weren't at work
they were hungry they were not tired they weren't tired

Yes / No' Questions with 'Be'

was I sleepy? Yes I was / No I wasn’t
were you late? Yes you were / No you weren’t
was he at the cinema? Yes he was / No he wasn’t
was she kind? Yes she was / No she wasn’t
was it hot? Yes it was / No it wasn’t
were we hungry? Yes we were / No we weren’t
were they atWh' Questions with 'Be'
work? Yes they were / No we weren’t

why was I sleepy?

where were you?
when was he at the cinema?
how was she?
how was it?
why were we hungry?
when were they at work?

Past continuous (2-9)

 USE 1 Interrupted Action in the Past

Use the Past Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted. The interruption is
usually a shorter action in the Simple Past. Remember this can be a real interruption or just an interruption
in time

Examples:

 I was watching TV when she called.

 When the phone rang, she was writing a letter.
 While we were having the picnic, it started to rain.
 What were you doing when the earthquake started?
 I was listening to my iPod, so I didn't hear the fire alarm.
 You were not listening to me when I told you to turn the oven off.
 While John was sleeping last night, someone stole his car.
 Sammy was waiting for us when we got off the plane.
 While I was writing the email, the computer suddenly went off.
 A: What were you doing when you broke your leg?
B: I was snowboarding.

USE 2 Specific Time as an Interruption

In USE 1, described above, the Past Continuous is interrupted by a shorter action in the Simple Past.
However, you can also use a specific time as an interruption.

Examples:

 Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.

 At midnight, we were still driving through the desert.
 Yesterday at this time, I was sitting at my desk at work.

IMPORTANT
In the Simple Past, a specific time is used to show when an action began or finished. In the Past
Continuous, a specific time only interrupts the action.

Examples:
  Last night at 6 PM, I ate dinner.
I started eating at 6 PM.
 Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.
I started earlier; and at 6 PM, I was in the process of eating dinner.

USE 3 Parallel Actions

When you use the Past Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it expresses the idea that both
actions were happening at the same time. The actions are parallel.

Examples:

 I was studying while he was making dinner.

 While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television.
 Were you listening while he was talking?
 I wasn't paying attention while I was writing the letter, so I made several mistakes.
 What were you doing while you were waiting?
 Thomas wasn't working, and I wasn't working either.
 They were eating dinner, discussing their plans, and having a good time.

USE 4 Atmosphere
In English, we often use a series of parallel actions to describe the atmosphere at a particular time in the
past.

Example:

 When I walked into the office, several people were busily typing, some were talking on the
phones, the boss was yelling directions, and customers were waiting to be helped. One customer
was yelling at a secretary and waving his hands. Others were complaining to each other about the
bad service.

USE 5 Repetition and Irritation with "Always"

The Past Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses the idea that something
irritating or shocking often happened in the past. The concept is very similar to the expression "used to"
but with negative emotion. Remember to put the words "always" or "constantly" between "be" and
"verb+ing."
Examples:

 She was always coming to class late.

 He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.
 I didn't like them because they were always complaining.

While vs. When

Clauses are groups of words which have meaning, but are often not complete sentences. Some clauses
begin with the word "when" such as "when she called" or "when it bit me." Other clauses begin with
"while" such as "while she was sleeping" and "while he was surfing." When you talk about things in the
past, "when" is most often followed by the verb tense Simple Past, whereas "while" is usually followed
by Past Continuous. "While" expresses the idea of "during that time." Study the examples below. They
have similar meanings, but they emphasize different parts of the sentence.

Examples:

 I was studying when she called.

 While I was studying, she called.

REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed Verbs

It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any continuous tenses. Also,
certain non-continuous meanings for Mixed Verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using
Past Continuous with these verbs, you must use Simple Past.

Examples:

 Jane was being at my house when you arrived. Not Correct

 Jane was at my house when you arrived. Correct

ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still,
just, etc.

Examples:

 You were just studying when she called.

 Were you just studying when she called?

ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:

 The salesman was helping the customer when the thief came into the store. Active
  The customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the store. Passive

Simple past passive (3-12)

Use the passive form to focus on the ¨receiver¨ of the action, or when the ¨doer¨ or cause is not known
or not important.

A bag was found on a bus

The airport was closed

Two bears were seen in a yard

The passengers weren’t injured

A snake was seen on the subway

A pineapple were found left on the sidewalk yesterday

The soccer balls were stolen

The street was closed for 4 hours

Simple past passive (3-12)

Use the active form of a verb to focus on the ¨doer¨ or cause the action

A student found a bag on a bus

The authorities closeted the airport

A teenager saw two bears in a yard

The accident didn’t injure the passengers

Past perfect (4-6)

FORM
[had + past participle]

Examples:

 You had studied English before you moved to New York.

 Had you studied English before you moved to New York?
 You had not studied English before you moved to New York.

USE 1 Completed Action before Something in the Past

The Past Perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. It can
also show that something happened before a specific time in the past

Examples:

 I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai.

 I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet.
 Tony knew Istanbul so well because he had visited the city several times.
 Had Susan ever studied Thai before she moved to Thailand?
 She only understood the movie because she had read the book.
 Kristine had never been to an opera before last night.
 We were not able to get a hotel room because we had not booked in advance.
 A: Had you ever visited the U.S. before your trip in 2006?
B: Yes, I had been to the U.S. once before

USE 2 Duration Before Something in the Past (Non-Continuous Verbs)

With Non-Continuous Verbs and some non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Past Perfect to
show that something started in the past and continued up until another action in the past.

Examples:

 We had had that car for ten years before it broke down.
 By the time Alex finished his studies, he had been in London for over eight years.
 They felt bad about selling the house because they had owned it for more than forty years.
Although the above use of Past Perfect is normally limited to Non-Continuous Verbs and non-continuous
uses of Mixed Verbs, the words "live," "work," "teach," and "study" are sometimes used in this way even
though they are NOT Non-Continuous Verbs.

IMPORTANT Specific Times with the Past Perfect

Unlike with the Present Perfect, it is possible to use specific time words or phrases with the Past Perfect.
Although this is possible, it is usually not necessary.

Example:

 She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.

MOREOVER
If the Past Perfect action did occur at a specific time, the Simple Past can be used instead of the Past
Perfect when "before" or "after" is used in the sentence. The words "before" and "after" actually tell you
what happens first, so the Past Perfect is optional. For this reason, both sentences below are correct.

Examples:

 She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.
 She visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.

HOWEVER

If the Past Perfect is not referring to an action at a specific time, Past Perfect is not optional. Compare the
examples below. Here Past Perfect is referring to a lack of experience rather than an action at a specific
time. For this reason, Simple Past cannot be used.

Examples:

 She never saw a bear before she moved to Alaska. Not Correct
 She had never seen a bear before she moved to Alaska. Correct

ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just,
etc.
Examples:

 You had previously studied English before you moved to New York.
 Had you previously studied English before you moved to New York?

ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:

 George had repaired many cars before he received his mechanic's license. Active
 Many cars had been repaired by George before he received his mechanic's license. Passive

Future (2-12) will may-won’t might going to

You can use WILL to give facts or predictions about the future. * I’II= I WILL, WON’T=WILL NOT
It’ll be expensive to travel around Europe

The baby will keep us busy

I’ll be 65 in June

It won’t be easy to find a job

You can use MAY and MIGHT (puede o ser possible)(or WILL) to show you are not 100% sure about the
future

*Use WILL with expressions like I guess, I think, maybe and probably

I may go on for a master’s degree

I might not be able to afford it

We’ll probably take some time off froom work

Maybe we’ll move to Arizona

Simple Future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be going to." Although the two forms can
sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express two very different meanings. These different
meanings might seem too abstract at first, but with time and practice, the differences will become clear.
Both "will" and "be going to" refer to a specific time in the future.

FORM Will
[will + verb]

Examples:

 You will help him later.

 Will you help him later?
 You will not help him later.

FORM Be Going To
[am/is/are + going to + verb]

Examples:
  You are going to meet Jane tonight.
 Are you going to meet Jane tonight?
 You are not going to meet Jane tonight.


USE 1 "Will" to Express a Voluntary Action

"Will" often suggests that a speaker will do something voluntarily. A voluntary action is one the speaker
offers to do for someone else. Often, we use "will" to respond to someone else's complaint or request
for help. We also use "will" when we request that someone help us or volunteer to do something for us.
Similarly, we use "will not" or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something.

Examples:

 I will send you the information when I get it.

 I will translate the email, so Mr. Smith can read it.
 Will you help me move this heavy table?
 Will you make dinner?
 I will not do your homework for you.
 I won't do all the housework myself!
 A: I'm really hungry.
B: I'll make some sandwiches.
 A: I'm so tired. I'm about to fall asleep.
B: I'll get you some coffee.
 A: The phone is ringing.
B: I'll get it.

USE 2 "Will" to Express a Promise

"Will" is usually used in promises.

Examples:

 I will call you when I arrive.

 If I am elected President of the United States, I will make sure everyone has access to inexpensive
health insurance.
 I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party.
 Don't worry, I'll be careful.
 I won't tell anyone your secret.

USE 3 "Be going to" to Express a Plan

"Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person intends to do
something in the future. It does not matter whether the plan is realistic or not.

Examples:
  He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii.
 She is not going to spend her vacation in Hawaii.
 A: When are we going to meet each other tonight?
B: We are going to meet at 6 PM.
 I'm going to be an actor when I grow up.
 Michelle is going to begin medical school next year.
 They are going to drive all the way to Alaska.
 Who are you going to invite to the party?
 A: Who is going to make John's birthday cake?
B: Sue is going to make John's birthday cake.

USE 4 "Will" or "Be Going to" to Express a Prediction

Both "will" and "be going to" can express the idea of a general prediction about the future. Predictions
are guesses about what might happen in the future. In "prediction" sentences, the subject usually has
little control over the future and therefore USES 1-3 do not apply. In the following examples, there is no
difference in meaning.

Examples:

 The year 2222 will be a very interesting year.

 The year 2222 is going to be a very interesting year.

 John Smith will be the next President.

 John Smith is going to be the next President.

 The movie "Zenith" will win several Academy Awards.

 The movie "Zenith" is going to win several Academy Awards.

Future continuous (4-12)

Future Continuous

Future Continuous has two different forms: "will be doing " and "be going to be doing." Unlike Simple
Future forms, Future Continuous forms are usually interchangeable.

FORM Future Continuous with "Will"

[will be + present participle]

Examples:

You will be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.
Will you be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight?
You will not be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.

FORM Future Continuous with "Be Going To "

[am/is/are + going to be + present participle]

Examples:

You are going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.
Are you going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight?
You are not going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.

REMEMBER: It is possible to use either "will" or "be going to" to create the Future Continuous with little
difference in meaning.

USE 1 Interrupted Action in the Future

Use the Future Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the future will be interrupted by a shorter
action in the future. Remember this can be a real interruption or just an interruption in time.

Examples:

 I will be watching TV when she arrives tonight.

 I will be waiting for you when your bus arrives.
 I am going to be staying at the Madison Hotel, if anything happens and you need to contact me.
 He will be studying at the library tonight, so he will not see Jennifer when she arrives.

Notice in the examples above that the interruptions (marked in italics) are in Simple Present rather than
Simple Future. This is because the interruptions are in time clauses, and you cannot use future tenses in time
clauses.
USE 2 Specific Time as an Interruption in the Future

In USE 1, described above, the Future Continuous is interrupted by a short action in the future. In addition
to using short actions as interruptions, you can also use a specific time as an interruption.

Examples:

 Tonight at 6 PM, I am going to be eating dinner.

I will be in the process of eating dinner.
 At midnight tonight, we will still be driving through the desert.
We will be in the process of driving through the desert.

REMEMBER
In the Simple Future, a specific time is used to show the time an action will begin or end. In the Future
Continuous, a specific time interrupts the action.

Examples:

 Tonight at 6 PM, I am going to eat dinner.

I am going to start eating at 6 PM.
 Tonight at 6 PM, I am going to be eating dinner.
I am going to start earlier and I will be in the process of eating dinner at 6 PM.

USE 3 Parallel Actions in the Future

When you use the Future Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it expresses the idea that both
actions will be happening at the same time. The actions are parallel.

Examples:

 I am going to be studying and he is going to be making dinner.

 Tonight, they will be eating dinner, discussing their plans, and having a good time.
 While Ellen is reading, Tim will be watching television.

USE 4 Atmosphere in the Future

In English, we often use a series of Parallel Actions to describe atmosphere at a specific point in the future.

Example:
  When I arrive at the party, everybody is going to be celebrating. Some will be dancing. Others are going to
be talking. A few people will be eating pizza, and several people are going to be drinking beer. They always
do the same thing.

REMEMBER No Future in Time Clauses

Like all future tenses, the Future Continuous cannot be used in clauses beginning with time expressions
such as: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc. Instead of Future Continuous,
Present Continuous is used.

Examples:

 While I am going to be finishing my homework, she is going to make dinner. Not Correct
 While I am finishing my homework, she is going to make dinner. Correct

AND REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed Verbs

It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any continuous tenses. Also,
certain non-continuous meanings for Mixed Verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using
Future Continuous with these verbs, you must use Simple Future.

Examples:

 Jane will be being at my house when you arrive. Not Correct

 Jane will be at my house when you arrive. Correct

ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just,
etc.

Examples:

 You will still be waiting for her when her plane arrives.
 Will you still be waiting for her when her plane arrives?

 You are still going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives.
 Are you still going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives?

ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:

 At 8:00 PM tonight, John will be washing the dishes. Active

 At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be being washed by John. Passive

 At 8:00 PM tonight, John is going to be washing the dishes. Active

 At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes are going to be being washed by John. Passive
 Future perfect (4-12)

Future Perfect has two different forms: "will have done" and "be going to have done." Unlike Simple
Future forms, Future Perfect forms are usually interchangeable.
FORM Future Perfect with "Will"
[will have + past participle]

Examples:

You will have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.
Will you have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.?
You will not have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.

FORM Future Perfect with "Be Going To"

[am/is/are + going to have + past participle]

Examples:

You are going to have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.
Are you going to have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.?
You are not going to have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.

NOTE: It is possible to use either "will" or "be going to" to create the Future Perfect with little or no
difference in meaning.
Complete List of Future Perfect Forms

USE 1 Completed Action Before Something in the Future

The Future Perfect expresses the idea that something will occur before another action in the future. It
can also show that something will happen before a specific time in the future.

Examples:

By next November, I will have received my promotion.

By the time he gets home, she is going to have cleaned the entire house.
I am not going to have finished this test by 3 o'clock.
Will she have learned enough Chinese to communicate before she moves to Beijing?
Sam is probably going to have completed the proposal by the time he leaves this afternoon.
By the time I finish this course, I will have taken ten tests.
How many countries are you going to have visited by the time you turn 50?

Notice in the examples above that the reference points (marked in italics) are in Simple Present rather
than Simple Future. This is because the interruptions are in time clauses, and you cannot use future
tenses in time clauses.

USE 2 Duration Before Something in the Future (Non-Continuous Verbs)

With Non-Continuous Verbs and some non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Future Perfect
to show that something will continue up until another action in the future.

Examples:

I will have been in London for six months by the time I leave.
By Monday, Susan is going to have had my book for a week.

Although the above use of Future Perfect is normally limited to Non-Continuous Verbs and non-
continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, the words "live," "work," "teach," and "study" are sometimes used in
this way even though they are NOT Non-Continuous Verbs.
REMEMBER No Future in Time Clauses

Like all future forms, the Future Perfect cannot be used in clauses beginning with time expressions such
as: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc. Instead of Future Perfect, Present
Perfect is used.

Examples:

I am going to see a movie when I will have finished my homework. Not Correct
I am going to see a movie when I have finished my homework. Correct

ADVERB PLACEMENT

The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still,
just, etc.

Examples:

You will only have learned a few words.

Will you only have learned a few words?

You are only going to have learned a few words.

Are you only going to have learned a few words?

ACTIVE / PASSIVE

Examples:

They will have completed the project before the deadline. Active
The project will have been completed before the deadline. Passive

They are going to have completed the project before the deadline. Active
The project is going to have been completed before the deadline. Passive

Verbos regulares
1. Se pronuncia -ID en los verbos que terminan con las consonantes t y d:
2. Se pronuncia -T después de las consonantes mudas f, k, p, s, sh, ch, o th [suave]
3. Se pronuncia -D después de las consonantes sonoras b, g, j, l, m, n, z, v, ng y th[fuerte]. Asimismo,
después de todos los sonidos vocales y diptongos:
INF. PRESENT PRONUNCIATIO PAST TENSE PAST PRONUNCIATION GERUND SPANISH
TENSE N PARTICIPL PAST TENSE
PRESENT TENSE E
To open ˈoʊpən Opened opened ˈoʊpənd opening Abrir
To accept əkˈsept Accepted Accepted əkˈseptid Accepting Aceptar
To love lʌv Loved Loved Loving Amar
To learn lɜːrn Learned Learned Learning Aprender
To dare Der Dared Dared Daring Atreverse
To help Help Helped Helped Helping Ayudar
To dance Dæns Danced Danced Dancing Bailar
To erase ɪˈreɪs Erased Erased Erasing Borrar
To change tʃeɪndʒ Changed changed Changing Cambiar
To hurry ˈhʌri Hurried hurried Hurrying Apresurarse

To walk wɔːk Walked Walked Walking Caminar

To close kloʊz Closed Closed Closing Cerrar
To date deɪt Dated Dated Dating Citar
To cook kʊk Cooked Cooked Cooking Cocinar
To consider kənˈsɪdər Considered Considered Considering Considerar
To count kaʊnt Counted Counted Counting Contar
To answer ˈænsər Answered Answered Answering Contestar
To wish wɪʃ Wished Wished Wishing Desear
To start stɑːrt Started Started Starting Empezar
To push pʊʃ Pushed Pushed pushing Empujar

To deliver dɪˈlɪvər Delivered Delivered Delivering Entregar

To listen ˈlɪsen Listened Listened listening Escuchar
To expect ɪkˈspekt Expected Expected Expecting Esperar
(esperanza)
To wait weɪt Waited Waited Waiting Esperar
(lugar)
To study ˈstʌdi Studied Studied studying Estudiar
To miss Mis Missed Missed Missing Extrañar
To smoke smoʊk Smoked Smoked Smoking Fumar
To enjoy Enjoy Enjoyed Enjoyed Enjoying Gozar
disfrutar
To like laɪk Liked Liked Liking Gustar
To talk tɔːk Talked talked talking Hablar
INF. PRESENT PAST TENSE PAST GERUND SPANISH
TENSE PARTICIPLE
To intend ɪnˈtend Intended Intended Intending Intentar
To play pleɪ Played Played Playing Jugar
To wash wɑːʃ Washed Washed Washing Lavar
To clean kliːn Cleaned Cleaned Cleaning Limpiar
To arrive əˈraɪv Arrived Arrived Arriving Llegar
To fill  fɪl Filled Filled Filling Llenar
To rain reɪn Rained Rained Raining Llover
To look lʊk Looked Looked Looking Mirar
To show Show Showed Showed Showing Mostrar
To need  niːd Needed Needed Needing Necesitar
To name neɪm Named Named Naming Nombrar
To order  ˈɔːrdər Ordered Ordered ordering Ordenar
To stop stɑːp Stoped Stoped Stoping Parar
To stay steɪ Stayed Stayed staying Permanecer

To belong bɪˈlɔːŋ Belonged Belonged Belonging Pertenecer

To plan  Plæn Planed Planed Planing Planear
To plant Plænt Planted Planted Planting Plantear
To practice ˈpræktɪs Practiced Practiced Practicing Practicar
To ask Æsk Asked Asked Asking Preguntar
To want wɑːnt  Wanted Wanted Wanting Querer
To rɪˈmembər Remembered Remembere Rememberi Recordar
remember d ng
To rent Rent Rented Rented Renting Rentar
To repeat rɪˈpiːt Repeated Repeated Repeating Repetir
To resist rɪˈzɪst Resisted Resisted Resisting Resistir

To jump Jump Jumped Jumped Jumping Saltar

To follow ˈfɑːloʊ Followed Followed Following Seguir
To point pɔɪnt Pointed Pointed Pointing Señalar
To end End Ended Ended Ending Terminar
To finish ˈfɪnɪʃ Finished Finished Finishing Terminar
To work wɜːrk Worked Worked Working Trabajar
To try traɪ Tried Tried Trying Tratar
To climb klaɪm Climbed Climbed Climbing Trepar
To use juːz Used Used Using Usar
To dress Dres Dressed Dressed Dressing Vestir
To travel ˈtrævl Traveled Traveled Traveling Viajar
To visit ˈvɪzɪt Visited Visited Visiting Visitar
To live lɪv Lived Lived living Vivir
 Irregular verbs
1. Se pronuncia -ID en los verbos que terminan con las consonantes t y d:
2. Se pronuncia -T después de las consonantes mudas f, k, p, s, sh, ch, o th [suave]
3. Se pronuncia -D después de las consonantes sonoras b, g, j, l, m, n, z, v, ng y th[fuerte]. Asimismo,
después de todos los sonidos vocales y diptongos:

4.INF. PAST PAST GERUND SPANISH

PRESENT TENSE PARTICIPL
TENSE E
To feel fiːl  Felt felt felt felt Feeling sentir
To sweep swiːp Swept Swept Swept Swept Sweeping Barrer
To drink drɪŋk  Drank dræŋk  Drunk drʌŋk Drinking Beber
To ride raɪd Rode rəʊd Ridden ˈrɪdn Riding Cabalgar
To fall fɔːl Fell fel Fallen ˈfɔːlən Falling Caer
To sing sɪŋ  Sang sæŋ Sung sʌŋ  Singing Cantar
To set set Set set Set set Setting Establecer
To eat iːt  Ate et Eaten ˈiːtn  Eating Comer
To buy baɪ Bougth bɔːt  Bought bɔːt  Buying Comprar
To meet miːt Met met Met met Meeting Conocer(gente)
To know noʊ Knew nuː know noʊn Knowing Conocer,saber
To be bi Was/were  wəz/  been wər being Ser o estar

To get get Got ɡɑːt gotten ɡɑːtn geting Conseguir

To build bɪlt Built bɪlt built bɪlt Building Construir
To cut kʌt Cut kʌt cut kʌt cuting Cortar
To run  rʌn Ran ræn run ræn running Correr
To grow-up ɡroʊ Grew up ɡruː Grow up ɡroʊn Growing Crecer
up
To give ɡɪv Gave ɡeɪv given ˈɡɪvn Giving Dar
To tell tel Told toʊld Told toʊld Tellling Decir
To wake up weɪk Woke up woʊk Waken up ˈwoʊkən Waking Despertar
up
To shoot ʃuːt Shot  ʃɑːt shot  ʃɑːt shooting Disparar
To sleep sliːp Slept slept slept slept Sleeping Dormir

To begin bɪˈɡɪn Began bɪˈɡæn begun bɪˈɡʌn Begining empezar

To find faɪnd Found faʊnd found faʊnd finding Encontrar
To teach tiːtʃ taught tɔːt taught tɔːt teaching enseñar
To write raɪt Wrote roʊt written ˈrɪtn writing Escribir
To win wɪn Won wʌn won wʌn winning Ganar
To keep kiːp Kept kept kept kept keeping conservar
 INF. PRESENT PAST PAST GERUND SPANISH
TENSE TENSE PARTICIPLE
To speak Spoke Spoken Speaking Hablar
To do Did Done Doing Hacer
To hurt Hurt Hurt Hurting Herir
To go Went gone Going Ir
To read Read read reading Leer
To become became become Becoming Convertirse
en
To send Sent sent Sending Mandar
To drive Drove drive Driving Manejar
To swim Swam swam swimming Nadar
To hear Heard heard Hearing Oir
To forget Forgot forgotten Forgeting Olvidar
To pay Paid Paid Pagar
To stand stood Stood standing Pararse
To hit hit Hit Hitting Pegar
To think thought thought Thinking Pensar

To lose lost Lost Losing Perder

To let let Let Letting Permitir
To put put Put Putting Poner
To lend lent Lent Lending Prestar
To steal stole Stole Stealing Robar
To break broke broken Breaking Romper
To shake shook shaken Shaking Sacudir
To leave left Left Leaving Salir
To sit sat Sat Sitting Sentarse
To feel felt Felt Feeling Sentir

To be Was Been Being Ser, estar

were
To dream dreamt dreamt Dreaming Soñar
To hold held Held Holding Sostener
To have has had Had Having Tener,haber
To throw threw thrown Throwing Tirar
aventar
To take took Taken Taking Tomar,
llevar
 To bring brought brought Bringing Traer
To wear wore Worn Wearing Usar
To sell sold Sold Selling Vender
To come came Come Coming Venir
To see saw Seen Seeing Ver
To fly flew Flown Flying volar

What is the trend of the traffic congestion in Reynosa?

Well in this moment in Reynosa doesn’t have a lot traffic congestion, wait in occasion Reynosa has a lot
traffic only the rush hours, so the trend? Reynosa won’t have a lot traffic congestion in the future, why?
Reynosa is dangerous for the narcotraffic all the people that came to reynosa for work in the factory, right
now they go back to the origin city. Also some factory preferred goin to the other country. The times is
hard