MODULES IN KOREAN

 PRELIMINARY
Korean history is broken down into the following periods:
 Three Kingdoms(57 B.C – A.D 668)
 Silla(668-935)
 Goryeo (918 – 1392)
 Joseon (1392-1910)
 Japanese Occupation (1910-1945)
 Republic of Korea (1945-PRESENT)

 Language:
Korean (Han-geul)
 Money:
Won
 Religion
Buddhist, Christian, Confucian
CLIMATE
Winter: December-January
Spring: March-May
Summer: June- August
Autumn: September-November
WINTER (DECEMBER – JANUARY)
 It is generally cold and dry, very dry.
 The temperature can dip lower than 19°C but fortunately cold weather
lasts for only about three days and is followed by four days of warmer
weather.
SPRING (MARCH-MAY)
 It is the arrival of bright yellow forsythia flowers (kanari) along
streets and highways
 The season often starts out cool and maybe wet, but gradually the
weather warms up and other spring flowers begin making their
appearance, including magnolia and cherry blossoms.
SUMMER (JUNE-AUGUST)
 It is relatively hot and humid with monsoon rains beginning near the
nd of June and lasting until mid to late July.
 . Summer temperatures can go over 38°C with an average of 20°C between
June and August.
AUTUMN (SEPTEMBER-NOVEMBER)
 is probably the best time of year in Korea. The weather is cooler and
dryer, but still pleasantly warm and sunny. As the season progresses,
the leaves change colors and harvesting begins.
 Fall is the time of Chuseok, Korean Thanksgiving.
THE PEOPLE OF KOREA
 Koreans descended from the Mongolian race in prehistoric times.
Periods of occupation have also added Chinese and Japanese blood to
the gene pool.
 Koreans have maintained their own distinctive language, culture, and
customs.
 They are a family oriented society, heavily based on the Confucianism,
which in modern times retains the basic patterns and manners of
family-centered life.
CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONS
 The main festival of the year began with the LUNAR NEW YEAR, which
falls late January to Late February.
 The other great traditional festival was CHUSOK , the fall of harvest
festival time for returning home, honoring one’s ancestors, cleaning
graves, and celebrating the new crops.
CLOTHING ETIQUETTE
 Koreans are little bit formal and conservative. They take dress
approach to all city activities- suits for men and dresses for women.
Shorts are for beaches only. Slacks are okay for ladies and are used
for touring, but for social occasions, only dress are recommended.
VALUES AND PRACTICES
 Patriotism
 Proper Education
 Respect for Authority
 Respect for Elders
 Filial Piety
 Loyalty to family and clan
 Orderly relationship among members of the society
THE KOREAN ALPHABET
 In 1446, the first Korean Alphabet was proclaimed uner the original
named Hunmin-Jeonaguem , which literally mean “The correct sounds
for the instruction of the people.”
 Koreans use their own unique alphabet called “HAN-GEUL”.
 Han-geul was created under King Sejong during the Joseon Dynasty
(1392-1910).
 King Sejong , the creator of Han-GEUL, is considered to be one of the
greatest rulers in the history of Korea.
 He was highly respected for his benevolent disposition and diligence.

VOWELS
Hangul has a total of 21 vowel symbols. Among them are 11 basic vowel
and 10 double vowel symbols.
 11 BASIC VOWEL
A as in father ae as in care
Eo as in uh-oh e as in met
O as in home oe as in wet
(push your lips out)
U as in boot wi as in we
(push your lip out)
Eu as in pull (don’t wu as in pull, followed by ee
push your lip out) as in feet, but said quickly
as one sound
I as in feet

10 DOUBLE-VOWEL
yae as i yankie wi as in we
ye as in yes ui as in pull, followed by
ee as in feet, but said
quickly as one sound
wa as in wine ya Yard
wae as in wait yeo Yonder
wo as in wonder yo Yoga
we as in when yu you

* Double vowels symbols are made of either adding one stroke to some
above basic vowels symbols or combining some vowel symbols together.
CONSONANTS
The 19 consonants in Han-gûl was divided into 14 simple consonants, and 5
double consonants.
SIMPLE CONSONANTS
 kiŷok -k (g)
 niûn-n
 tigût- t (d)
 riûl-r (l)
 miûm-m
 piûp-p (b)
 Shiot-s (sh)
 iûng-ng
 jiût-j
 chiût-ch
 k’iûk-k'
 t’iût-t'
 p’iûp-p’
 hiût-h

READING ENGLISH WORD

READING ENGLISH WORD
kiŷok Kiss
bi eup Park
k (g)
b p
niûn Nose
Si ot soul
n
s
tigût Tall
Ji eut chill
t (d)
j
riûl l-Lung
Chi eut change
r (l)
ch
miûm Mother
m

READING ENGLISH WORD

k’iûk King
k'

t’iût Talk
t'

p’iûp Pill
p’

hiût Hope
h

DOUBLE CONSONANTS
 d-giyeok- kk
  d-digeut- tt
 d-bieup- pp
 d-siot-ss
d.- jieut-jj

READING ENGLISH WORD

d-giyeok- Skill
kk

d-digeut Steam
tt

d-bieup Speak
pp

d-siot Sea
ss

d.- jieut Midget

jj

MIDTERM
SOME GREAT HEROES IN THE HISTORY OF SOUTH KOREA
The history of Korea dates back to 2333 BC and until now there have been
millions of great heroes in the history of South Korea. There are great
examples that include kings, inventors, physicians, politicians, admirals,
generals, fighters for national independence, presidents and a great deal
more! Now, let’s take a journey through the history of South Korea!

세종대왕 / KING SEJONG THE GREAT ( 1397-1450 / R. 1418-1450 )

Sejong the Great was the 4th king of Joseon. He was 21 years old when he
ascended to the throne in 1418. He was very respected and famous for one of
his huge achievements. In 1443, King Sejong created Hunminjeongeum (훈민정
음), which is a document that describes an original and native script of
the Korean language. He showed great Confucianism politics and started our
beautiful national culture. He still remains as one of the great kings
throughout history. Therefore, he is still admired and loved by Koreans
today.
 장영실 / JANG YEONG-SHIL

Jang Yeong-Shil was a Korean scientist and an astronomer during the Joseon
Dynasty. He was of a low class, but he surpassed the restrictions and
became the greatest inventor in the entire history of the Joseon Dynasty.
Jang Yeong-Shil’s major inventions include the Celestial Globe (혼천의), the
Observatory (관천대), the Hemispherical Sundial (앙부일구/오목해시계),
Clepsydra (자격루/물시계), Pluviometer (측우기), Wind Streamer Pedestal (풍기
대) and many more! Due to Jang’s extraordinary accomplishments, King Sejong
the Great trusted Jang Yeong-Shil and highly praised him with his talent so
he enhanced his government position. No one knows about the later events of
his life, including the date and the reason of his death. However, he was
an important person for developing these technological advancements in
Korea’s history.

허준 / HEO JUN ( 1539-1615 )

Heo Jun was a court physician during the reign of King Seonjo in the Joseon
Dynasty. He wrote several medical books, but his ‘Dongui Bogam (동의보감) ‘
is definitely well known and significant as it is the defining text of
traditional Korean medicine. Even today, Heo Jun and his accomplishments
are widely recognized by physicians around the world.
 이순신 / YI SUN-SHIN ( 1545-1598 )

Yi Sun-Shin was the Korean commander of the navy and was the Samdo Sugun
Tongjesa (삼도수군통제사), which literally meant “Naval Commander of the
Three Provinces” until 1596. He is also very famous for his victories
during the Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592 (Imjin War) again in the
Joseon Dynasty. Yi Sun-Shin invented ‘The Turtle Ship ‘ also known as
Geobukseon (거북선). It was a type of large ironclad warship. He first used
it in Battle of Dangpo (당포해전) and won many battles against the Japanese
navies. Admiral Yi’s commanded as the head of an army in the Battle of
Hansan Island (한산도대첩), which was one of the most important battles of
the Imjin War. Korea won the battle and destroyed at least 47 Japanese
ships. Furthermore, the battle of Hansan Island is considered to be the
third largest naval battle in the world’s history along with the Battle of
Salamis and the Battle of Gravelines. Yi Sun-Shin died at the Battle of
Noryang (노량해전) on November 19th, 1598, he was wounded by a bullet while
he was fighting against the Japanese who assembled at Noryang. His last
words were ” The battle is at its height … do not announce my death.”
After, he was honoured as a Duke of Loyalty and Warfare (충무공), First
class Military Order of Merit during the reign of Seonjo (선무일등공신),
Prime Minister (영의정) and the Prince of the Court from Deokpung (덕풍부원
군). Yi Sun-Shin is very respected not only by Koreans, but by Japanese
admirals as well for his exemplary conduct on and off the battlefield, and
he is still widely considered as a hero among Koreans today.
 김구 / KIM GU ( 1876-1949 )

Kim Gu was a South Korean politician, educator, the sixth prime minister of
the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea, and the leader of the
Korean independence movement. He fought hard for the country’s independence
from the Empire of Japan and reunification, but in June 26th, 1949, he was
assassinated by Ahn Doo-Hee, who was the opposing force impeding national
unification. He is the father of South Korea’s nations whom we will never
forget!

유관순 / YOO GWAN-SOON ( 1902-1920 )

Yoo Gwan-Soon was a brave female fighter for the independence of Korea. In
1919, she witnessed the beginnings of the March 1st movement and
participated in the demonstration for the independence of Korea with nearly
2,000 demonstrators. They shouted, “Long live Korean Independence! (대한독립
만세) ” Both of her parents were killed by the Japanese police during the
demonstration and Yoo Gwan-Soon was caught as the leader of the
demonstration by the Japanese police. She served a short detention, but
later she was sentenced for seven years of imprisonment. Even though,
during her sentence, she continued to protest for the independence of
Korea, she was arduously tortured by the Japanese officers. She died on
September 28th, 1920 due to the continuous torture. Her last words were
“Even if my fingernails are torn out, my nose and ears are ripped apart,
and my legs and arms are crushed, this physical pain does not compare to
the pain of losing my nation. My only remorse is not being able to do more
than dedicating my life to my country.“

김대중 / KIM DAE-JUNG (1925-2009)

Kim Dae-Jung was the 15th President of the Republic of Korea from 1998 to
2003. He is well known as the ‘Nelson Mendela in Asia ‘. In December 2000,
he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize — the first time for a Korean. He was
recognized for his contribution and efforts to restore the democracy,
economic stability in South Korea and to achieve improvement on the
relations with North Korea.
 반기문 / BAN KI-MOON (1944 ~ )

Ban Ki-Moon is the eighth and current Secretary-General of the United

Nations (UN), and also the first South Korean and second Asian to become a
Secretary-General. He was also a diplomat in South Korea’s Ministry of
Foreign Affairs and in the United Nations before becoming the Secretary-
General. He was born June 13th, 1944 in Eumseong County, South Korea. When
he was 18 years old, he won an English essay contest and earned a trip to
the United States where he met President John F. Kennedy. Inspired by this
visit, Ban decided to become a diplomat and now, he is the world leader who
every day deals with global challenges such as economic, military and
problems involving food and water, pandemics, world peace, conflict
resolution, and supports underdeveloped countries, etc. He was elected as
the Secretary-General of the UN in 2006 and assumed office in January 1st,
2007 and will continue to serve until his second term finishes in December
31st, 2016.

FINALS
Look for the Korean term of the following:
FOOD AND DRINKS DRINK-RELATED EXPRESSION

1. Breakfast 1. Would you like to drink tea?

2. Lunch 2. I don’t drink Soju.
3. Dinner 3. Give me wine.
4. Shall we drink coffee?
4. Bread
5. A bottle of cola
5. Beef
6. Pork
7. Chicken
8. Rice
9. Water
10.Beer

FOOD-RELATED EXPRESSION BASIC GREETINGS/EXPRESSIONS

1. Are you hungry? 1. Hello, Good Morning.
2. Shall we eat bread? 2. What your name?
3. I don’t eat pork? 3. Where are you from?
4. Give me a rice and beef. 4. I’m from the Philippines
5. I eat breakfast, lunch and 5. I’m Filipino
dinner. 6. How are you?
7. Thank you (Formal)
8. I am sorry (Less Intense)
9. Nice to meet you.
10.Good Bye

1. Meok eub si da!

2. Kong bu hab si da!
3. Jeul gib si da!
4. Su peo e gap si da!
5. Bae go pa yo?
6. Meok eul kka yo doe ji go gi
7. Maewoyo dak go gi?
8. It seoyo Soju?
9. Ireumi mwoyeyo?
10.Eo-di itsuh-yo byeong won?
11. Byeongwon
12. Eunggeupsil
13. Yak
14. Yakguk
15. Ganhosa
16. Ulsa
17.Sik sa
18. Eo seo oseyo
19. Nae Il
20. O neul