U NION I NTERNATIONALE DES A RCHITECTES

BUILDING INFORMATION MODEL

Shinjiro Wachi September 24, 2009 New Delhi, India

 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

bui l di ng SMA R T ( IA I)
1995

General Servi ce
A dmi ni s trati on
Gui del i ne 2003

N a ti onal B ui l di ng
Inf ormati on Model
Sta ndard 2005

A IA B IM A ward
2005

SmartMa rk et R eport
2007

A IA Cal i f orni a Counci l

IPD Gui de 2007

A s s oci ated General

Contractors of A meri ca
2007

B IM H andbook 2008

A IA Document 195
Seri es 2008

U S A rmy u of Corps of
Eng i neeri ng 2008

2
普及状況
 buildingSMART since 2005
(International Alliance for Interoperability 1995)

• The IAI was formed in 1995 with the primary focus to develop
innovative concepts that improve the ways to share information over
the life cycle of construction projects.

3
U.S. General Services Administration
April 2007

4
 the National Building Information
Modeling Standard™ Version 1 - Part 1: Overview,
Principles, and Methodologies
December 18, 2007 Facility Information Council NIBS

5
２００５ First BIM Award TAP/AIA
Evaluation Criteria

6
 SmartMarket Report
Building Information Modeling
December 2008

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Integrated Project Delivery: A Guide
2007 version 1, AIA California Council

8
Associated General Contractors of America
2007

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 BIM HANDBOOK
A Guide to Building Information Modeling
March 2008

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AIA Document B-195-2008
AIA Document C-195-2008

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US Army Corps of Engineers
April 2008

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 Downstream of Design:
Lifespan Cost and Benefits of BIM at AIA Convention 2008
Mark J. Clayton, PhD
Department of Architecture, TAMU 3137
Texas A&M University

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 Dennis Neeley, AIA
AIA National Convention 2009 San Francisco 14
Source:McGrow-Hill. 2008
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 ONUMA Planning System™
Open Architecture

• Built on open standards such as IFC and

OGC.
• No software installation required. Runs on
standard internet browsers on PCs and
Macs.
• Cloud Computing for BIM
• Web Services to link to other applications
• Licensed per year, including all updates.
• Various licensing levels and user levels.
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BIMstorm™ | Build Boston 14 May 2008

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BIMStorm Team Japan

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【チーム V-SPEC】

【チーム スカンクーワークス】

20
 【チーム Ｈｏｋｕｔｏｓｅｉ】

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【チーム the BOMb】
【チーム Ａｒｃｈｉ−ＴＥＫＬＡ】

【チーム ＬＥＩ】

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1.集合住宅の立替計画
・既存建物：東急ドエル・宮崎台
ビレジ
・敷地住所：神奈川県川崎市宮
前区宮崎１

2.環境性能に考慮した建物・設備
とすること

3.付帯施設として近隣コミュニティ
センターなどを設置してもよい

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 26
スカンクワークス V-SPEC
 27
F8W16
 28
TEAM-S T’s Kitchen
 29
すとりーむ
４８
 SmartBIM Library
• Streamlines design workflow
• Facilitates the generation of catalogs from
Revit objects
• Simplifies storage, organization and
location of Revit objects including user's
existing content
• Enables manufacturers, architects,
engineers and building owners to easily
share catalogs of objects

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Dennis Neeley, Reed Construction Data

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34
 SmartBIM Spaces
• Users can see manufacturer-specific
products in context to make better product
decisions for their project
• Designers can review both Revit BIM
objects and Revit spaces for specific
building types
• Manufacturers can distribute specific BIM
objects relative to designers’ project needs

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 Application

Drawing AutCAD Architectural Model Revit Architecture

Paper E-Specs Complex Geometry Digital Project

Air Change Airpak CFD Complex Geometry Generative Components

Environment Analysis Ecotect Component Search Google

Analysis/Simulation Exodus Component Search Tectonic Network

Analysis/Simulation Fluent Construction Common Point

Egress Analysis IES Simulex Envelop Study Sketch UP

Daylight Analysis LBNL Radiance Fabrication 3ds MAX

Daylighting Radiance Glare/Daylighting Fabrication Geomatics

3D Model Rhino Fabrication Inventor

３D Rendering 3ds MAX Fabrication Rhino

Analysis/Simulation Therm Fabrication SolidWorks

Analysis/Simulation Flow Diagram Fabrication Telka Concrete

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 Application

Fabrication Telka Steel Presentation InDesign

Finite Element Analysis Strand7 Presentation Photoshop

Floor Analysis Ram Concept PT Presentation Power Point

Geographical search Google Earth Presentation Rhino

Industrial Design Imagine & Shape Presentation Vray

Industrial Design Studio Tools Project Website Buzzsaw

Industrial Design Think3 Project Website Constructware

Interference Check Navis Works Quantification Affinity

MEP Model Revit MEP Quantification Innovaya

Model Check NavisWorks Structural Model Revit Structure

Model Check Solibri

Presentation ３D Studio

Presentation Illustrator

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 Geomatics
Strand7 （構造解析）

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Inventor Solidworks

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Tekla Generative Components

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Digital Project

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Sketch UP

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Bentley Common Point

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Design Studio

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Innovaya Solibri

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 Comparison of Productivity
Productivity Index (1990-2001)
(Constant $ of contracts / workhours of hourly workers)
sources: US Bureau of Labor Statistics, US Dept. of Commerce

130.00%

All Non-Farm Industries

120.00% (includes construction)

110.00%
Labor Productivity Index

Construction Industry
100.00%

90.00%

80.00%

70.00%

60.00%
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Year

Construction Productivity Index (1990 = 100%) Non-Farm Productivity Index (1990 = 100%)
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Knowledge Loss Process

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 FACTS
• The Dept. of Commerce predicts
construction spending in the United States
is to be $1.2 trillion for 2008.
• The Construction Specification Institute
estimates there is up to 57% (over $600
billion) non-value added effort or
inefficiencies existing in current business
models.

US Department of Commerce

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US Construction Spending US$ 1.2 trillion

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 SmartBIM QTO
• Owners will spend $40 billion on
architectural and engineering fees in the
United States this year. What most people
do not know is that owners will spend $70
billion on Quantity Take Offs (QTO), cost
estimates and cost proposals.

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Dr. Burcin Becerik-Gerber and Samara Rice 58
University of Southern California
Dr. Burcin Becerik-Gerber and Samara Rice 59
University of Southern California
Dr. Burcin Becerik-Gerber and Samara Rice 60
University of Southern California
 Traditional BIM
Construction Cost １００ １００
Fee ７ １１
Conflict ５ ０
Estimate Included in Fee −１０
Efficiency ０ −１０
１１２ ９１
(US$ in Million)
Dennis Neeley, AIA
AIA National Convention 2009 San Francisco
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Ｔｒａｄｉｔｉｏｎａl US$ 120 mil. Total Project Cost

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BIM US$ 91 mil. Total Project Cost

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 References
• “National Building Information Modeling Standard” Version 1.0 – Part I: Overview, Principles, and Methodologies, 2007 National
Institute of Building Sciences (NBIMS)
• “Integrated Project Delivery” working Definition Version 1, May 15, 2007 AIA California Council (IPD)
• “Integrated BIM and Design Review for Safer, Better Buildings” by C. C. Sullivan, Architectural Record June 2007 Issue
(IBIMDRSBB)
• “Practice Matters” by Chris Noble, Architectural Record July 2007 (PM)
• “Project Alliancing Practitioner’s Guide” Department of Treasury and Finance, State of Victoria 2006 (PAPG)
• “American Institute of Architects Home Page” (http://www.aia.org/ipd) as of July 29, 2007 (AIA)
• “Integrated Delivery Contract” NBBJ
• “Managing Challenges of Electronic Documents” by The Delaware ABC/AIA Partnering Committee, March 2006
• “How Building Information Modeling Changes Architecture Practice” by Glenn W. Birx, October 2006
• “Architect Creates Design Synthesis Software” by Michael Tardif, August 17, 2007
• “Integrated Practice in Perspective: A New Model for the Architectural Profession” by Andrew Pressman, Architectural Record
p116-p120 May 2007
• “Integrated Project Delivery: A Guide 2007 version 1” by AIA National/AIA California Council, 2007
• “BIM Handbook: A Guide to Building Information Modeling” by Chuck Eastman, Paul Teicholz, Rafael Sacks, Kathleen Liston,
Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2008
• “AIA Document A 295-2008” by American Institute of Architects
• “AIA Document B195-2008 ” by American Institute of Architects
• “AIA Document C195-2008” by American Institute of Architects
• “AIA Document C196-2008” by American Institute of Architects
• “AIA Document C197-2008” by American Institute of Architects
• “AIA Document A 441-2008” by American Institute of Architects
• “AIA Document C 441-2008” by American Institute of Architects
• “AIA Document E202-2008” by American Institute of Architects
• “Integrated Project Delivery: First Principles for Owners and Teams” by the 3xPT Strategy Group, 2007
• “Smart Market Report 2007 Interoperability Issue” by McGraw –Hill Construction, 2007
• “Smart Market Report 2008 Interoperability Issue” by McGraw –Hill Construction, 2008
• “AIA San Francisco 2009 DVD-ROM” by American Institute of Architects
• “Architectural Transformations via BIM” by Architecture and Urbanism, August 2009 Special Issue

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R e f e r e n c e s

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INTEGRATED PROJECT DELIVERY
Integrated Project Delivery is a project delivery
approach that integrates people, systems,
business structures and practices into a process
that collaboratively harnesses the talents and
insights of all participants to reduce waste and
optimize efficiency through all phases of design,
fabrication and construction.

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Change of Design and Delivery Process

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 GDP Construction Market size ratio

World 5.20 １００％

USA 13.80 1.20 ２３％ ８％

Japan ４.３８ 0.４５ ８％ １０％

(US $ in Trillion)

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 Sharing Information

Project Project
Land Land
Plan Plan

ＦＭ Design ＦＭ Shared Project Model Design

Construction Structure
Construction Structure

Engineer
Engineer

Present BIM 71
 Concept Design Pre-
Developme Developme Design Constructio Constructio
Feasibility nt nt Documents n n Operation
General Motors Flint Global V6 Engin Plant Expansion

U S Coast Guard U S Coast Guard

Camino Medical Group Mountain View Office Building

Benjin National Aquatic Center

San Francisco Federal Office Building

100 11th Avenue Apartment

One Island East Office Tower

Penn National Parking Structure

Hillwood comercial

Federal Court House

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 Charter for the
National Building Information Model (BIM) Standard
December 15, 2005, Facility Information Council NIBS

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 U.S. General Services Administration

• In 2003 the General Services Administration

(GSA), through its Public Buildings Service
(PBS) Office of Chief Architect (OCA),
established the National 3D-4D-BIM Program.

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 IPD Transitional Stage Contract
under A195-2008, B195-2008 and A295-2008

• A195-2008
• A195-2008 Exhibit A
• B195-2008
• A295-2008
Owner

A295-2008
B195-2008
A295-2008 Exhibit A

A295-2008
Architect Contractor

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 Full IPD Stage Contract
Single Purpose Entity Agreement
under C195-2008
• C195-2008

Owner

Architect Construction
Manager

SPE
C195-2008

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 Full IPD Stage Contract
under C195-2008

Member Agreement
Owner Agreement
C196-2008
Owner

Non-Member Contractors Non-Member

Consultants
Agreement Agreement

SPE

Architect Construction
Manager

Member Agreement (C197-2008) Member Agreement (C197-2008)

Architect Agreement Construction Manager Agreement
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• BIM-I Architecture

• BIM-II + Engineering

• BIM-III + Construction

AIA National Convention 2009 San Francisco

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Decision and Cost Relation

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