DR.

RAM MANOHAR LOHIYA NATIONAL LAW

UNIVERSITY, LUCKNOW

2018-19

ECONOMICS
PROJECT ON

“NEED FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND IRRIGATION TO BOOST

ECONOMY OF INDIA.”

SUBMITTED BY: UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF:

ANIKET SACHAN DR. MITALI TIWARI

RollNo-28 ASSITANT PROFESSOR (ECONOMICS)

SECTION-“A” DR. RAM MANOHAR LOHIYA

B.A. LLB (Hons.), IIIrd SEMESTER NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY

1
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my teacher Dr.Mitali Tiwari , who gave
me the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project of Economics on “NEED FOR
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND IRRIGATION TO BOOST ECONOMY OF
INDIA”, Who also helped me in completing my project and has rendered endless support, kind
and understanding spirit during my project completion. I came to know about so many new things
I am really thankful to them. The completion of this project could not have been possible without
the participation and assistance of various people thus, I would also like to thank my parents and
friends who helped me a lot in finalizing this project within the limited time frame.

I would also like to thank the Great Almighty, source of supreme knowledge for countless love
rendered on me.

ANIKET SACHAN
ROLLNO-28
ENROLLMENT ID- 170101028

2
 Contents
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 4
CHAPTER 2: CHALLENGES FACED BY AGRICULTURAL SECTOR .................................................................. 5
Population Pressure: ............................................................................................................................................. 5
Small and Fragmented Land Holdings: ................................................................................................................ 5
Inadequate Irrigation Facilities: ............................................................................................................................ 5
Depleted Soils: ..................................................................................................................................................... 5
Storage of food grains: ......................................................................................................................................... 5
Farm Implements: ................................................................................................................................................. 6
Rural- Urban Divide ............................................................................................................................................. 6
Lack of Investment in Agriculture ........................................................................................................................ 6
Negligence of Natural resources ........................................................................................................................... 7
Sluggish Fertilizer Industry .................................................................................................................................. 7
Dependency on Monsoon ..................................................................................................................................... 7
CHAPTER 3: SOLUTIONS TO THE CHALLENGES FACED ................................................................................... 8
Raising agricultural productivity per unit of land: ................................................................................................ 8
Reducing rural poverty through a socially inclusive strategy that comprises both agriculture as well as non-
farm employment ........................................................................................................................................................... 8
Ensuring that agricultural growth responds to food security needs: ..................................................................... 8
Priority Areas for Support .................................................................................................................................... 8
Enhancing agricultural productivity, competitiveness, and rural growth ......................................................... 8
Improving Water Resources and Irrigation/Drainage Management: ................................................................ 9
Facilitating agricultural diversification to higher-value commodities: ............................................................ 9
Developing markets, agricultural credit and public expenditures: ................................................................... 9
Poverty alleviation and community actions ................................................................................................... 10
Sustaining the environment and future agricultural productivity ....................................................................... 10
Reducing small and fragmented land holding and making it available to all. .................................................... 10
Promotion of certified seed. ................................................................................................................................ 11
Boost to mechanization: ..................................................................................................................................... 11
Increasing storage facility:.................................................................................................................................. 12
Credit to agricultural sector ................................................................................................................................ 12
CHAPTER 4: RECENT GOVERNMENT SCHEMES TO BOOST AGRI SECTOR ................................................ 14
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION ...................................................................................................................................... 16
BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................................................................................... 17

3
 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Agriculture is the most important sector of Indian Economy. Indian agriculture sector accounts
for 18 per cent of India's gross domestic product (GDP) and provides employment to 50% of the
countries workforce. India is the world’s largest producer of pulses, rice, wheat, spices and spice
products. India has many areas to choose for business such as dairy, meat, poultry, fisheries and
food grains etc. According to the data provided by Department of Economics and Statics (DES)
the production of food grains for the year 2013-2014 is 264 million tons which is increased when
compared to (2012-2013) 257million tons. This is a good symptom for the Indian economy from
the agriculture sector.

India remains among main three as far as production of different agricultural things like paddy,
wheat, pulses, groundnut, rapeseeds, natural products, vegetables, sugarcane, tea, jute, cotton,
tobacco leaves and so on.

On the other hand, on advertising front, Indian agribusiness is as yet confronting the issues, for
example, low level of business sector reconciliation and integration, availability of dependable
and convenient information needed by farmers on different issues in farming.

While agriculture’s share in India’s economy has progressively declined to less than 15% due to
the high growth rates of the industrial and services sectors, the sector’s importance in India’s
economic and social fabric goes well beyond this indicator. First, nearly three-quarters of India’s
families depend on rural incomes. Second, the majority of India’s poor (some 770 million people
or about 70 percent) are found in rural areas. And third, India’s food security depends on
producing cereal crops, as well as increasing its production of fruits, vegetables and milk to meet
the demands of a growing population with rising incomes. To do so, a productive, competitive,
diversified and sustainable agricultural sector will need to emerge at an accelerated pace. ("India:
Issues and Priorities for Agriculture", World Bank, 2018.)

4
 CHAPTER 2: CHALLENGES FACED BY AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

 Population Pressure:
India has a huge population of over one billion and it is increasing at a very fast rate. According
to 2001 census figures the overall density of population is 324 persons per sq. km. This is likely
to increase further in future. This has created great demand for land. Every bit of land has been
brought under the plough. Even the hill slopes have been cut into terraces for cultivation.

 Small and Fragmented Land Holdings:

The pressure of increasing population and the practice of dividing land equally among the heirs
has caused excessive sub divisions of farm holdings. Consequently, the holdings are small and
fragmented. The small size of holdings makes farming activity uneconomical and leads to social
tension, violence and discontentment.

 Inadequate Irrigation Facilities:

By and large the irrigation facilities available in India are far from adequate. So for half of the
total area under food crops has been brought under irrigation and the remaining half is left to the
mercy of monsoon rains which are erratic in time and space. Indian agriculture still is “Gamble
of Monsoon.” 70% of cultivable area is deprived of irrigation facilities. (Myneni, 2004)

 Depleted Soils:
Indian soils have been used for growing crops for thousands of years which have resulted in the
depletion of soil fertility. With deforestation the sources of maintaining natural fertility of soil
has been drying out. Lack of material resources and ignorance of scientific knowledge have
further depleted the soils of the natural fertility. Earlier only animal waste was enough to
maintain soil fertility.

 Storage of food grains:

Storage of food grains is a big problem. Nearly 10 per cent of our harvest goes waste every year
in the absence of proper storage facilities. This colossal wastage can be avoided by developing
scientific ware-housing facilities. The government has taken several steps to provide storage
facilities.

5
  Farm Implements:

Although some mechanization of farming has taken place in some parts of the country, most of
the farmers are poor and do not have enough resources to purchase modern farm implements and
tools. This hampers the development of agriculture.

 Rural- Urban Divide

India’s most of the farming is done in rural parts of the country. While India has witnessed an
improvement in rural fortunes, it has not been enough to bridge India’s rural-urban gap.
While rural monthly per capita expenditure grew at an insipid annual rate of 0.8% between 1993-
94 and 2004-05, it grew at a much faster pace of 3.3% a year between 2004-05 and 2011-12.
(SINGH, Y. Problems with Indian agriculture a major cause of concern.)
Despite rising rural incomes and falling rural poverty, disenchantment with farming has only
grown in the countryside. A 2014 survey by Lokniti showed that around 40% of farmers were
dissatisfied with their economic condition. More than 70% farmers thought city life was better
than village life.

 Lack of Investment in Agriculture

There has been a paucity of fresh investments in agriculture sectors. land inequality is one of the
root cause of agricultural stagnation. It is argued that under the landlord-tenant farming
arrangement, all production expenses were borne by the latter because of the competition to
secure tenancy. The tenants lacked investible resources which adversely affected agricultural
productivity.

It would take extraordinarily high rates of profits for the landlord to undertake investment in
agriculture instead of investing capital in otherwise high-return activities like usury, which had
assured returns. As a result, investments in agriculture were lackluster and the sector suffered.

 Lack of Effective Policies

Despite several efforts done by the governments in order to solve the problems related to
agriculture in India, India has no coherent agriculture policy in place. There is also a broad

6
agreement on the need for a coherent farm policy that addresses issues of sustainability.
India after it gained independence in the second half of the past century have ignored the
structural development of their agriculture sector. India has focused more on its industrial
development than it has thought about its agricultural development.

 Negligence of Natural resources

India has not preserved and developed its natural resources when it comes to farming. Little was
done in order to preserve resources mainly related to irrigation. The severity of the situation is
evident from the stories of migration and severe water crisis in Maharashtra and elsewhere.

 Sluggish Fertilizer Industry

In India, the fertilizer sector has not witnessed any major fresh investment in the last 15 years.
The reason of this is that Indian fertilizer policy is in a mess. Unpaid fertilizer subsidy bills to the
industry have reached beyond Rs 40,000 Cr, and will likely reach Rs 48,000 Cr by the end of this
fiscal year. Apart from it, India imports nearly more than one-third of nitrogen for consumption
today, compared to less than 10 per cent or so in 2000-01

 Dependency on Monsoon
In India, most of the agricultural areas are un-irrigated. That is why monsoon remains crucial for
the overall growth in the agricultural sector. In such a case the dependence of the rural economy
on monsoon cannot be overstated. The pattern in area sown is completely guided by the variation
in the monsoon season as a bad monsoon directly impacts the cost of cultivation and makes
sowing of large areas unprofitable for the farmers.

7
 CHAPTER 3: SOLUTIONS TO THE CHALLENGES FACED

 Raising agricultural productivity per unit of land:

Raising productivity per unit of land will need to be the main engine of agricultural growth as
virtually all cultivable land is farmed. Water resources are also limited and water for irrigation
must contend with increasing industrial and urban needs. All measures to increase productivity
will need exploiting, amongst them: increasing yields, diversification to higher value crops, and
developing value chains to reduce marketing costs. (Mishra and Puri, 2007)

 Reducing rural poverty through a socially inclusive strategy that comprises both
agriculture as well as non-farm employment:

Rural development must also benefit the poor, landless, women, scheduled castes and tribes.
Moreover, there are strong regional disparities: the majority of India’s poor are in rain-fed areas
or in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic plains. Reaching such groups has not been easy. While progress
has been made - the rural population classified as poor fell from nearly 40% in the early 1990s to
below 30% by the mid-2000s (about a 1% fall per year) – there is a clear need for a faster
reduction. ("India: Issues and Priorities for Agriculture", World Bank, 2018.)

 Ensuring that agricultural growth responds to food security needs:

The sharp rise in food-grain production during India’s Green Revolution of the 1970s enabled
the country to achieve self-sufficiency in food-grains and stave off the threat f famine. However
agricultural growth in the 1990s and 2000s slowed down, averaging about 3.5% per annum. The
slow-down in agricultural growth has become a major cause for concern. Policy makers will thus
need to initiate and/or conclude policy actions and public programs to shift the sector away from
the existing policy and institutional regime that appears to be no longer viable and build a solid
foundation for a much more productive, internationally competitive, and diversified agricultural
sector.

 Priority Areas for Support

 Enhancing agricultural productivity, competitiveness, and rural growth
Promoting new technologies and reforming agricultural research and extension: Major reform
and strengthening of India’s agricultural research and extension systems is one of the most

8
important needs for agricultural growth. Public extension services are struggling and offer little
new knowledge to farmers.

 Improving Water Resources and Irrigation/Drainage Management:

Agriculture is India’s largest user of water. As urban and other demands multiply, less water is
likely to be available for irrigation. Ways to radically enhance the productivity of irrigation
(“more crop per drop”) need to be found. Piped conveyance, better on-farm management of
water, and use of more efficient delivery mechanisms such as drip irrigation are among the
actions that could be taken. There is also a need to manage as opposed to exploit the use of
groundwater. Incentives to pump less water such as levying electricity charges or community
monitoring of use have not yet succeeded beyond sporadic initiatives. Other key priorities
include: (i) modernizing Irrigation and Drainage Departments to integrate the participation of
farmers and other agencies in managing irrigation water. (agarwal, 2017)

 Facilitating agricultural diversification to higher-value commodities:

Encouraging farmers to diversify to higher value commodities will be a significant factor for
higher agricultural growth, particularly in rain-fed areas where poverty is high. Promoting high
growth commodities: Some agricultural sub-sectors have particularly high potential for
expansion, notably dairy. The livestock sector, primarily due to dairy, contributes over a quarter
of agricultural GDP and is a source of income for 70% of India’s rural families. Growth in milk
production, at about 4% per annum, has been brisk, but future domestic demand is expected to
grow by at least 5% per annum. Milk production is constrained, however, by the poor genetic
quality of cows, inadequate nutrients, inaccessible veterinary care, and other factors. A targeted
program to tackle these constraints could boost production and have good impact on poverty.

 Developing markets, agricultural credit and public expenditures:

India’s legacy of extensive government involvement in agricultural marketing has created
restrictions in internal and external trade, resulting in cumbersome and high-cost marketing and
transport options for agricultural commodities. While some restrictions are being lifted,
considerably more needs to be done to enable diversification and minimize consumer prices.
Improving access to rural finance for farmers is another need as it remains difficult for farmers to

9
get credit. Government expenditures on the sector, and are now four times larger than investment
expenditures, crowding out top priorities such as agricultural research and extension.

 Poverty alleviation and community actions

While agricultural growth will, in itself, provide the base for increasing incomes, for the 170
million or so rural persons that are below the poverty line, additional measures are required to
make this growth inclusive. For instance, a rural livelihoods program that empowers
communities to become self-reliant has been found to be particularly effective and well-suited
for scaling-up. This program promotes the formation of self-help groups, increases community
savings, and promotes local initiatives to increase incomes and employment. (Mishra and Puri,
2007)

 Sustaining the environment and future agricultural productivity

In parts of India, the over-pumping of water for agricultural use is leading to falling groundwater
levels. Conversely, water-logging is leading to the build-up of salts in the soils of some irrigated
areas. In rain-fed areas on the other hand, where the majority of the rural population live,
agricultural practices need adapting to reduce soil erosion and increase the absorption of rainfall.
The most comprehensive is through watershed management programs, where communities
engage in land planning and adopt agricultural practices that protect soils, increase water
absorption and raise productivity through higher yields and crop diversification. The watershed
program, allied with initiatives from agricultural research and extension, may be the most suited
agricultural program for promoting new varieties of crops and improved farm practices.

 Reducing small and fragmented land holding and making it available to all.
There should be consolidation of holdings which means the reallocation of holdings which are
fragmented, the creation of farms which comprise only one or a few parcels in place of multitude
of patches formerly in the possession of each peasant. But unfortunately, this plan has not
succeeded much. Although legislation for consolidation of holdings has been enacted by almost
all the states, it has been implemented only in Punjab, Haryana and in some parts of Uttar
Pradesh. Consolidation of about 45 million holdings has been done till 1990-91 in Punjab,
Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh. The other solution to this problem is cooperative farming in

10
which the farmers pool their resources and share the profit. ("Major Agricultural Problems of
India and their Possible Solutions", 2018)

 Promotion of certified seed.

Seed is a critical and basic input for attaining higher crop yields and sustained growth in
agricultural production. Unfortunately, good quality seeds are out of reach of the majority of
farmers, especially small and marginal farmers mainly because of exorbitant prices of better
seeds.In order to solve this problem, the Government of India established the National Seeds
Corporation (NSC) in 1963 and the State Farmers Corporation of India (SFCI) in 1969. Thirteen
State Seed Corporations (SSCs) were also established to augment the supply of improved seeds
to the farmers. High Yielding Variety Programme (HYVP) was launched in 1966-67 as a major
thrust plan to increase the production of food grains in the country. Production of breeder and
foundation seeds and certified seeds distribution have gone up at an annual average rate of 3.4
per cent, 7.5 per cent and 9.5 per cent respectively, between 2001-02 and 2005-06. (agarwal,
2017)

 Boost to mechanization:
Most of the agricultural operations in larger parts are carried on by human hand using simple and
conventional tools and implements like wooden plough, sickle, etc. It results in huge wastage of
human labour and in low yields per capita labour force.
Agricultural implements and machinery are a crucial input for efficient and timely agricultural
operations, facilitating multiple cropping and thereby increasing production. Need for
mechanization was specially felt with the advent of Green Revolution in 1960s. Strategies and
programmes have been directed towards replacement of traditional and inefficient implements by
improved ones, enabling the farmer to own tractors, power tillers, harvesters and other machines.
Uttar Pradesh recorded the highest average sales of tractors during the five year period ending
2003-04 and/West Bengal recorded the highest average sales of power tillers during the same
period.
Strenuous efforts are being made to encourage the farmers to adopt technically advanced
agricultural equipments in order to carry farm operations timely and precisely and to economize
the agricultural production process.

11
  Increasing storage facility:

The Parse Committee estimated the post-harvest losses at 9.3 per cent of which nearly 6.6 per

cent occurred due to poor storage conditions alone. Scientific storage is, therefore, very essential

to avoid losses and to benefit the farmers and the consumers alike. ("Major Agricultural

Problems of India and their Possible Solutions", 2018)

At present there are number of agencies engaged in warehousing and storage activities. The Food

Corporation of India (F.C.I.), the Central Warehousing Corporation (C.W.C.) and State

Warehousing Corporation are among the principal agencies engaged in this task. These agencies

help in building up buffer stock, which can be used in the hour of need. The Central Government

is also implementing the scheme for establishment of national Grid of Rural Godowns since

1979-80. The Working Group on additional storage facilities in rural areas has recommended a

scheme of establishing a network of Rural Storage Centres to serve the economic interests of the

farming community.

 Credit to agricultural sector

Source: Handbook of Statistics on Indian Economy, RBI (2010-11)

12
Among the institutional sources of agricultural credit, cooperatives have been the oldest, and for
a long time, the dominant source. Starting with the nationalization of banks, commercial banks
have gradually become an important source of agricultural credit, although the growth in their
share has not been monotonic.

It shows that the money lender is losing ground but is still the single largest contributor of
agricultural credit. Rural credit scenario has undergone a significant change and institutional
agencies such as Central Cooperative Banks, State Cooperative Banks, Commercial Banks,
Cooperative Credit Agencies and some Government Agencies are extending loans to farmers on
easy terms. There has been a steady increase in the flow of institutional credit.

13
CHAPTER 4: RECENT GOVERNMENT SCHEMES TO BOOST AGRI SECTOR

 Finance Minister proposed to launch an 'Operation Greens' by proposing a Rs. 500crore

fund to strengthen agricultural infrastructure. The present government also proposed to
raise the volume of institutional credit for agriculture to Rs 11 Crore for year 2018-19.
With the promise to double farmer’s income by 2022, the government announced
minimum support price for kharif crops will be fixed 1.5 times cost of production.
 The Government is aiming to reorient the agriculture sector by focusing on an income-
centeredness in addition to pure production centeredness approach. The Department has,
therefore, been implementing various schemes to meet this objective viz. Soil Health
Card (SHC) scheme, Neem Coated Urea, Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY),
Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY), National Agriculture Market Scheme
(e-NAM), Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY), Interest Subvention Scheme
etc. ("10 Major Agricultural Problems of India and their Possible Solutions", 2018)
 There has been a big jump in the much needed budgetary allocations for the agriculture
sector. For the period 2009-2014, the budget for agriculture was Rs.1,21,082 crore.
During 2014-2019, the allocation has been enhanced by 74.5 per cent to Rs.2,11,694
crore. Non-budgetary resources have been mobilized to supplement budgetary resources.
 Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH), a Centrally Sponsored
Scheme is implemented to holistic growth of the horticulture sector covering
fruits, vegetables, root and tuber crops, mushrooms, spices, flowers, aromatic plants,
coconut, cashew and cocoa.
 Increasing productivity through introduction of improved varieties, quality seeds and
planting materials, protected cultivation, high density plantation, rejuvenation, precision
farming and horticultural mechanization.
 Women Self Help Groups (SHGs) will also be encouraged to take up organic agriculture
in clusters under National Rural Livelihood Programme.
 Increasing the volume of institutional credit for agriculture sector from Rs 8.5 lakh crore
in 2014-15 to Rs 10 lakh crore in 2017-18, to Rs 11 lakh crore for the year 2018-19.

14
 Ground water irrigation scheme under Prime Minister Krishi Sinchai Yojna- Har Khet ko
Pani will be taken up in 96 deprived irrigation districts where less than 30% of the land
holdings gets assured irrigation presently. Allocated Rs 2600 crore for this purpose.
 To resolve the problem of unpredictable nature of farming and prevent farmer suicides in
the country, the Government launched PM Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana in early 2016. It’s a
crop insurance policy with relaxed premium rates on the principal sum insured for
farmers. Implemented with a budget of Rs 17,600 crore, this scheme will provide
financial support to farmers and cover for their losses.
 The government has launched Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana in order to address the
critical importance of soil and water for improving agricultural production. The
government would support and improve the organic farming practices prevalent in India.
Following cluster approach mode of farming, at least 50 farmers would form a group
having 50 acres of land to implement organic farming. The government aims to cover
10,000 clusters and five lakh hectares of arable land under organic farming within three
years.

15
 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION

India lives in the villages. Agriculture sector is the soul of Indian economy and for the people of
India. The share of agriculture in employment was 48.9 per cent of the workforce. In other words
Agriculture is the principal source of livelihood for more than 58% of the population of this
country. As per the Economic Survey the sector share in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was
17.4 in 2015-16. (Agriculture sector a must for GDP growth, Anand, 2017)
We all know that the agriculture sector is the backbone and crucial in our Indian economy which
provides the basic ingredients to mankind and providing raw material for rapid industrialisation
sector development. No doubt that the besides manufacturing sectors, Agriculture sector
provides great employment opportunities for rural people/youth on a large scale for their
livelihood and also provides an entrepreneurship. Indian farmers needs to be both innovative
and competitive in the global market. It is the task of government, policy-makers, educators,
researchers, and extension workers to ensure they have the tools, technologies, and new farming
systems that enable them to increase the productivity.

Increasing production of rice, wheat, pulses and coarse cereals through area expansion and
productivity enhancement in a sustainable manner in the identified districts of the country;
Restoring soil fertility and productivity at the individual farm level; and enhancing farm level
economy (i.e. farm profits) to restore confidence amongst the farmers.
To improve the quality of life of farmers’ especially small and marginal farmers by offering a
complete package of activities to maximize farm returns for enhancing food and livelihood
security.
From the above cited explanation we conclude that agricultural development is a must for the
economic development of a country. Even developed countries lay emphasis on agricultural
development. According to Muir, “Agricultural progress is essential to provide food for growing
non-agricultural labour force, raw materials for industrial production and saving and tax revenue
to support development of the rest of the economy, to earn foreign exchange and to provide a
growing market for domestic manufactures.”

16
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS:

1) Mishra, s. and Puri, v. (2007). Indian economy. 25th ed. Mumbai: Himalaya Publishing
House.

2) Agarwal, a. (2017). Indian economy: Problems of development and Planning. 42nd ed. New
Delhi: New Age International Limited.

3) Myneni, S. (2004). Indian Economics. 3rd ed. Faridabad: Allahabad Law Agency.

ONLINE SOURCES:

1) Singh, Y. (2018). Problems With Indian Agriculture. Retrieved from

https://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/problems-with-indian-agriculture-1497442083-1

2) 5 Major Agricultural Challenges in India and Their Possible Solutions. (2018). Retrieved from
https://kmwagri.com/agricultural-challenges-india-possible-solutions/

3) Indian Agriculture Problems: 7 Major Problems of Indian Agriculture. (2018). Retrieved from
http://www.economicsdiscussion.net/agriculture/problems-agriculture/indian-agriculture-
problems-7-major-problems-of-indian-agriculture/12859

4) 10 Major Agricultural Problems of India and their Possible Solutions. (2018). Retrieved from
http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/agriculture/10-major-agricultural-problems-of-india-and-
their-possible-solutions/20988

5) India: Issues and Priorities for Agriculture. (2018). Retrieved from

http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2012/05/17/india-agriculture-issues-priorities

6) Major Agricultural Problems of India and their Possible Solutions. (2018). Retrieved from
https://krishijagran.com/agripedia/major-agricultural-problems-of-india-and-their-possible-
solutions/

7) (2018). Retrieved from http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Civil-Services/2017-04-

03/Agriculture-sector-a-must-for-GDP-growth/290889

17