Worksheet: Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

1. Fill in the missing words in the definitions below.

Missing words: elements, different, one, joined, atom, type, two

 An element consists of ______ ______ of _______.

 A compound contains _____ or more __________ ______ joined

together.

 A mixture contains two or more _________, but they are not chemically
________.

2. Using the definitions, decide whether the following diagrams represent an

element, a compound, or a mixture. Explain your choice.

a) This diagram shows particles in

H
_______________________
H C H
H
H because:
H C H
H _________________________
H
H C H _________________________

H
_________________________

Ne b) This diagram shows particles in

Kr
Ne
Kr _______________________
Ne
Ne
because:
Ne
Kr Ne
Ne Ne
_________________________
Ne
Kr Kr Ne _________________________
Ne
_________________________
 c) This diagram shows particles in
Xe Xe Xe

_______________________
Xe Xe Xe
because:

Xe Xe Xe _________________________

_________________________
Xe Xe Xe

_________________________

d) This diagram shows particles in

S
S S S S
_______________________
S S S
S S S because:
S S S
S
_________________________
S S S S

S S _________________________
S
S S S
_________________________

3. According to our definition above, H 2O (water) is a compound. However, it is

sometimes called a molecule. O2 (oxygen gas) is also a molecule. Can you think of a
way to define a molecule?

A __________ consists of _____ or more _______ chemically

________ together. These _____ can be of the same _________ or

different elements.
4. Explain each term in your own words:

a) soluble :

b) insoluble :

c) aqueous solution:

5. Look at the table below.

a) Which substance in it is the most soluble?

b) About how many times more soluble is this substance than potassium sulfate,
at 25 °C?

c) The substance in a gives a colourless solution. What will you see if you add 300
g of it to 100 g of water at 25 °C?

d) What will you see if you heat up the mixture in c?

6. See if you can give three examples of:

a) solids you dissolve in water, at home:

b) insoluble solids you use at home:

7. Name two solvents other than water that are used in the home. What are they
used for?

8. Many gases dissolve in water. Try to give some examples.