Fig. P6.52: Problem 6.52 (A) (B) (C)

Problem 6.52 For the circuit in Fig. P6.
52:
(a) Determine iL (0) and υL (0).
(b) Derive the differential equation for iL (t) for t ≥ 0.
*(c) Solve the differential equation and obtain an explicit expression for iL (t), given
that Vs = 12 V, Rs = 3 Ω, R1 = 0.5 Ω, R2 = 1 Ω, L = 2 H, and C = 2 F.
Rs 1 L iL
+ 2 t=0
Vs _ C R2
R1
Figure P6.52 Circuit for Problem 6.52.
Solution:
(a)
Rs L iL(0−)
1
+ + −
Vs _ υ (0 ) R2
_C
(a) At t = 0−
At t = 0− :
Vs
iL (0− ) = ,
Rs + R2
Vs R2
vC (0− ) = iL (0− ) R2 = .
Rs + R2
iL(0−)
Rs 1
+ 2 Lυ (0)
_ + R2
R1 _ C −)
υ (0
(b) At t = 0
At t = 0, the circuit in (b) contains a current source iL (0− ) and a voltage source
vC (0− ).
Vs
iL (0) = iL (0− ) = , (1)
Rs + R2
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vL (0) = vC (0− ) − iL (0− ) R2
Vs R2 Vs
= − R2 = 0. (2)
Rs + R2 Rs + R2
(b)
υC L iL
iR1 iC
2
C R2
R1
(c) At t > 0
At node vC (Fig. (c)):

iR1 + iC + iL = 0. (3)
Also,
dvC vC
iC = C , iR1 = .
dt R1
Hence
vC dvC
+C + iL = 0. (4)
R1 dt
But
diL
vC = L + iL R2 . (5)
dt
Using (5) in (4) gives
L diL R2 d 2 iL diL
+ iL +CL 2 +CR2 + iL = 0,
R1 dt R1 dt dt
or ! " ! "
R2 1 R1 + R2
i′′L + + i′L + iL = 0.
L R1C LCR1
(c)
With
R2 1 1 1
a= + = + = 1.5,
L R1C 2 0.5 × 2
R1 + R2 0.5 + 1
b= = = 0.75,
R1 LC 0.5 × 2 × 2
a 1.5
α= = = 0.75 Np/s,
2 2
√ √
ω0 = b = 0.75 = 0.866 rad/s,
# √
ωd = ω02 − α 2 = 0.75 − 0.5625 = 0.433 rad/s.
Response is underdamped:
iL (t) = iL (∞) + (D1 cos ωd t + D2 sin ωd t)e−α t .
Since the circuit contains no sources after t = 0,
iL (∞) = 0.
Also, from Eqs. (1) and (2),

Vs 12
iL (0) = = = 3 A,
Rs + R2 3 + 1
vL (0)
i′L (0) = = 0.
L
Constants D1 and D2 are given by:
D1 = iL (0) − iL (∞) = 3 A,
i′L (0) + α [iL (0) − iL (∞)]
D2 =
ωd
0 + 0.75[3 − 0]
= = 5.2 A.
0.433
The final expression for iL (t) is then given by
iL (t) = [3 cos 0.433t + 5.2 sin 0.433t]e−0.75t for t ≥ 0.

Fig. P6.52: Problem 6.52 (A) (B) (C)

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Fig. P6.52: Problem 6.52 (A) (B) (C)

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Problem 6.52 For the circuit in Fig. P6.

Figure P6.52 Circuit for Problem 6.52.

At node vC (Fig. (c)):

iL (t) = iL (∞) + (D1 cos ωd t + D2 sin ωd t)e−α t .

Since the circuit contains no sources after t = 0,

Also, from Eqs. (1) and (2),

iL (t) = [3 cos 0.433t + 5.2 sin 0.433t]e−0.75t for t ≥ 0.

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