Statistics II © Barish Namazov

-
A calculator is allowed on the following
questions.
-
Traffic Light Violations in Various Towns
Male Shoe Size versus Age 100
13 �--.--,----,-----,--,-,--,-----,----,-----i
12 l---l---+-+--+-t---+--+--t----11r•---i
ro
_ _ �
-
11 -f----l-+---t--+--r-.--_,/ .b 70
----
·� 10 l--+--+-l----.--+--<�/-::;;-l/4-,--,--
Cl)
/ 60
50
� -
,... -
9 • ---- =
l/
�
----
-
20
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
6 L__j___L__.l____cL__J____.1.__----'----''----'-
Number of traffic lights
1. __,

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Age (years)
The scatterplot above shows the number of
The scatterplot above shows the relationship
traffic lights in 15 towns and the average weekly
between age, in years, and shoe size for 24 males
number of traffic light violations that occur in
between 10 and 20 years old. T he line of best fit
each town. The line of best fit is also shown.
is also shown. Based on the data, how many 19
Based on the line of best fit, which of the
year old males had a shoe size greater than the
following is the predicted average weekly
one predicted by the line of best fit?
number of traffic light violations in a town with
A) 1 75 traffic lights?
B) 2 A) 40
C) 3 B) 50
D) 4 C) 55
D) 60

1
 Statistics II © Barish Namazov
CHAPTER 26 STATISTICS 11

Ill
A university wants to determine the dietary Consumer Behavior during Store Sales
preferences of the students in its freshman class. vi' 60 ,----,---,---.-----.--,---,---,----,---,--,
Which of the following survey methods is most � 55 l---+-----,--+--+-+---+-+--+-+----1
likely to provide the most valid results? .S 50 1---+---+------t-+---+---+-+--....,_--+---;
A) Selecting a random sample of 600 students 5 45 1----t---+----+-+---+---+-+--+--+----i
1
from the university 8 40 1---+----+----t•.---t--+--+----it---+----+�;;H
·.c 35 t----t----1 ---t----t--t----t-e--t-----i- -�,...,
B) Selecting a random sample of 300 students co 301--t----i--t----t--t-•�-+::::n� =-T......
�
from the university's freshman class .S0.. I � ---�......
----i---t-----i-----1
C) Selecting a random sample of 600 students 0
0..
20 t----+---t--e-=+-•-+--+ ----
25 t----t----1-�·>---t----t--=�
---- -+--+---<--➔
from the university's freshman class
.5i 15 �
_...--- - 1
-l__J____ - -
J
D) Selecting a random sample of 600 students � io5 _;--- ; - •

-
from one of the university's freshman �
Qi

O I I' 'I I,
dining halls 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Store Discount(%)

Shopping time refers to the time a customer

spends in one store. The scatterplot above shows
Two candidates are running for governor of a the average shopping time, in minutes, of
state. A recent poll reports that out of a random customers at 26 different stores offering various
sample of 250 voters, 110 support Candidate A discounts. The line of best fit is also shown.
and 140 support Candidate B. An estimated Which of the following is the best interpretation
500,000 state residents are expected to vote on of the meaning of they-intercept of the line of
election day. According to the poll, Candidate B best fit?
is expected to receive how many more votes
A) The predicted average shopping time, in
than Candidate A?
minutes, of customers at a store offering no
A) 60,000 discount
B) 130,000 8) The predicted average shopping time, in
C) 220,000 minutes, of customers at a store offering a
50% discount
D) 280,000
C) The predicted increase in the average
shopping time, in minutes, for each one
percent increase in the store discount
D) The predicted average number of
customers at a store offering no discount

2
 Statistics II © Barish Namazov

Advertising for 16 Companies Movie Length versus Box Office Sales

� 500 ,--------,----,,----,-----,--,---,----,-----,-,-----, 200
•
0 450
� 180
� 400 r--+---lf---+----t--+---t ,
• ----f---t-......-t-----1 160
� �o 140
] 300 1--+-------<r---t·-•-- ·-----���� 120
;:l 250 f---t---t--+-•-+--t�-t"'---....-t--t----J 100
•
<I) __,,,,--

z
0
c._-t--+---l--t---t---l
200r--+----t--t-=-t'__,,,,--I----"'" <I) 80
• •
•
I----"'"
Qi
c"'. -
'---,.;-,::c--.+--l---1'---+-"'-l-•--l---1---J
3 150 ....._--jl----""'" cti 60
•
1./"l
� 100 k:::::: 40
s0
Qi
u
� 50 t----t--f--+---t---+---t--+--+-+-----1 20
� 0 '---'---'--.L..--1..__JL__....L.___,__.L..___J___J
>< 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 60 70 80 90 100 llO 120 130 140 150
i:o
Advertising Expenses (in thousands of dollars) Movie Length (minutes)

The scatterplot above shows the relationship
between revenue and advertising expenses for
16 companies. The line of best fit is also shown.
Which of the following is the best interpretation
of the meaning of the slope of the line of best fit?
A) The expected increase in revenue for every
one dollar increase in advertising expenses
B) The expected increase in revenue for every
one thousand dollar increase in advertising
expenses
C) The expected increase in advertising
expenses for every one thousand dollar
increase in revenue
D) The expected revenue of a company that
has no advertising expenses
The scatterplot above plots the lengths of 15
movies against their box office sales. The line of
best fit is also shown. Which of the following is
the best interpretation of the meaning of the
slope of the line of best fit?
A) The expected decrease in box office sales
per minute increase in movie length
B) The expected increase in box office sales per
minute increase in movie length
C) The expected decrease in box office sales
per 10-rninute increase in movie length
D) The expected increase in box office sales per
10-minute increase in movie length

3
 Statistics II

..
© Barish Namazov
CHAPTER 26 STATISTICS lI

Mistakes Made in Incentive-based Task Fat and Calories of Ice Cream

60 �-�--�,1-��-�-�---, 440 -

Cl)

50 420
E

·s
40

30
"-�
en
Cl)
·;:::
0
ro
400
380 V·
0 ro 360
.... 20
Cl)
340 .
E 10 320
�
=
0 300
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 15 20 25 30 35
Prize (in dollars) Total fat (grams)

In a psychological study, researchers asked The scatterplot above shows the fat content and
participants to each complete a difficult task for calorie counts of 8 different cups of ice cream.
a cash prize, the amount of which varied from Based on the line of best fit to the data shown,
participant to participant. The results of the what is the expected increase in the number of
study, as well as the line of best fit, are shown in calories for each additional gram of fat in a cup
the scatterplot above. Which of the following is of ice cream?
the best interpretation of the meaning of the
A) 5
y-intercept of the line of best fit?
B) 8
A) The expected decrease in the number of
C) 20
mjstakes made per dollar increase in the
cash prize D) 40
B) The expected increase in the number of
mistakes made per dollar increase in the
cash prize
C) The expected dollar amount of the cash
prize required for a person to complete the
task with 0 mistakes
D) The expected number of mistakes a person
makes in completing the task when no cash
prize is offered

4
 Statistics II © Barish Namazov

Nitrogen Fertilizer and Oats

- Food Courts in Various Malls
,....._ 80 ,------,---.---�--�-- � 100
....
.,.,v
ctl

� 70 1----f-----l--------<1>-------l-,.___J <fl

... 80 --- --- -

lii
.

�
� 60 t--------11--------J-----+---�-l--------
. l
'
v
QI

/. �
� 50 1----1---��-✓-l------l----J � 60

v .
QJ
r----------
;::s 40 t---±-�4----1---l---
<fl

6 r----------t...__
2 30 · ----- · •--- - -+----1--- 40
r-----
.,- -t-----+----1----'
20

0 _
'-------L---.L___j____j__ ___J 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 4 5 6 7 8 9
Amount of nitrogen applied (pounds per acre) Number of restaurants

The scatterplot above shows the amount of
nitrogen fertilizer applied to 8 oat fields and
their yields. The line of best fit is also shown.
Which of the following is closest to the amount
of nitrogen applied, in pounds per acre, to the
oat field whose yield is best predicted by the line
of best fit?
A) 200
B) 350
C) 400
D) 450
The scatterplot above shows the distribution of
seats for the restaurants in 7 different mall food
courts. The line of best fit is also shown.
According to the data, what is the total number
of seats at the food court represented by the data
point that is farthest from the line of best fit?
A) 200
B) 240
C) 320
D) 560

IFI
Researchers must conduct an experiment to see
whether a new vaccine is effective in relieving
certain allergies. They have selected a random
sample of 100 allergy patients. Some of the
patients are assigned to the new vaccine while
the rest are assigned to the traditional treatment.
Which of the following methods of assigning
each patient's treatment is most likely to lead to
a reliable conclusion about the effectiveness of
the new vaccine?
A) Females are assigned to the new vaccine.
B) Those who have more than one allergy are
assigned to the new vaccine.
C) The patients divide themselves evenly into
two groups. A coin is tossed to decide
which group receives the new vaccine.
D) Each patient is assigned a random number.
Those with an even number are assigned to
the new vaccine.

5
 Statistics II
CHAPTER 26 STATISTICS II
m Ill
A basketball manufacturer selects a random
sample of its basketballs each week to ensure a
consistent air pressure within them is
maintained. In Week l, the sample had a mean
air pressure of 8.2 psi (pounds per square inch)
and a margin of error of 0.1 psi. ln Week 2, the
sample had a mean air pressure of 7.7 psi and a
margin of error of 0.3 psi. Based on these results,
which of the following is a reasonable
conclusion?
A) Most of the basketballs produced in Week l
had an air pressure under 8.2 psi, whereas
most of the basketballs produced in Week 2
had an air pressure under 7.7 psi.
B) The mean air pressure of all the basketballs
produced in Week 1 was 0.5 psi more than
the mean air pressure of all the basketballs
produced in Week 2.
C) The number of basketballs in the Week l
sample was more than the number of
basketballs in the Week 2 sample.
D) It is very likely that the mean air pressure
of alJ the basketballs produced in Week 1
was less than the mean air pressure of all
the basketballs produced in Week 2.
Ill
A student is assigned to conduct a survey to
determine the mean number of servings of
vegetables eaten by a certain group of people
each day. The student has not y et decided which
group of people will be the focus of this survey.
Selecting a random sample from which of the
following groups would most likely give the
smallest margin of error?
A) Residents of the same city
B) Customers of a certain restaurant
C) Viewers of the same television show
D) Students who are following the same daily
diet plan
© Barish Namazov
The length of a blue-spotted salamander's tail
can be used to estimate its age. A biologist
selects 80 blue-spotted salamanders at random
and finds that the average length of their tails
has a 95% confidence interval of 5 to 6 inches.
W hich of the following conclusions is the most
appropriate based on the confidence interval?
A) 95% of all blue-spotted salamanders have a
tail that is between 5 and 6 inches in length.
B) 95% of all salamanders have a tail that is
between 5 and 6 inches in length.
C) The true average length of the tails of all
blue-spotted salamanders is likely between
5 and 6 inches.
D) The true average length of the tails of all
salamanders is likely between 5 and 6
inches.
An economist conducted research to determine
whether there is a relationship between the price
of food and population density. He collected
data from a random sample of 100 U.S. cities and
found significant evidence that the price of food
is lower in places with a high population
density. Which of the following conclusions is
best supported by these results?
A) In U.S. cities, there is a positive association
between the price of food and population
density.
B) In U.S. cities, there is a negative association
between the price of food and population
density.
C) In U.S. cities, a decrease in the price of food
is caused by an increase in the population
density.
D) In U.S. cities, an increase in the population
density is caused by a decrease in the price
of food.