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II 68·93 © B.H.flnylKHHKOB, TeKCT, COCTaBJIeHHe,
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paCCqHTaHHbIX Ha IllHpOKOrO qHTaTeJISI, HO HanHCaHHbIX npOcpeCCHOHaJIbHbIM Sl3bI-
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HOH peqH JIH60 HMeIO:m;He He CBOHCTBeHHbIH eH CMbICJI. lJeTKoe nOHHMaHHe 3Toro
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aBTopa KHHrH, HO H JIyqIlle BH}l;eTb HCKYCCTBO B OKpY)lmIO:m;eH )KH3HH, nO}l;MeqaTb
3CTeTHqeCKHe, THnOJIOrHqeCKHe H KOHCTPYKTHBHble oco6eHHOCTH apXHTeKTypHbIX
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THMeHT TaKHX 06'beKTOB, C nOJIHbIM npaBOM BKJIIOqaeMbIX Tenepb B ccpepy apXHTeK-
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y6paHcTBa H HHTepbepOB (B TOM qHCJIe Me6eJIb, CTaTHqHbIe MY3bIKaJIbHble HHCTPY-
MeHThI, CBeTHJIbHHKH H TKaHH, C03nalOIIJ;He CTaTHqHble nSiTHa B HHTepbepe), o6JIa-
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CTpOHTeJIhCTBO, Ca;O;OBO-rrapKOBOe HCKYCCTBO, rH;o;pOTeXHHqeCKHe coopY)I(eHH»,
CPOpTHcpHKan;H», ;o;OpO)l(HOe CTpOHTeJIhCTBO, rOpHOrrpOMhIIIIJIeHHhle cOOpY)I(eHH»),
e;O;HHHqHhle IOpH;O;HqeCKHe TepMHHhI H3 06JIaCTH CTpOHTeJIhCTBa.
B TO )l(e BpeM» B 3TOM CJIOBape rrOqTH He yrroMHHaIOTC» TepMHHhI, CB»3aH-
HhIe CO CTHJIHCTHqeCKHMH xapaKTepHCTHKaMH, TeaTpaJIhHO-3peJIHrn;HhIMH coopy)I(e-
HH»MH, TPy;o;OBhIMH rrpOn;eccaMH, HHCTpYMeHTaMH, rro;o;c06HhIMH cpe;O;CTBaMH CTPOH-
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cepbe3HbIH IIIar, QT06bI 06JIerQHTb opHeHTan;HIO B CTapHHHbIX TeKCTax. B 1865 ro;o;y
OH H3;o;aJI B IIeTep6ypre «OrrHcaHHe cTapHHHhIX n;apcKHx YTBapeH, O;o;e)l(;O;, 0PY)l(H»,
paTHblx ;o;ocrreXOB H KOHCKoro rrpH60pa, H3BJIeQeHHOe H3 pYKorrHceH ApxHBa Moc-
KOBCKOH opY)I(eHHoIi: rraJIaTbI». B «OrrHcaHHe» BOIIIJIH H CJIOBapHhle rrO»CHeHH» 06
apxHTeKTypHhIX 3JIeMeHTax 06cTaHoBKH. KpyrrHhIM rrpO;O;OJI)I(aTeJIeM 3Toro HarrpaB-
JIeHHSI B HCTOpHQeCKO:H miYKe MO)l(HO CQHTaTh If. E. 3a6eJIHHa, KOTOPhI:H cHa6;O;HJI
06cTo»TeJIhHbIM pa3b»cHeHHeM HeMaJIO apxHTeKTypHhIX TepMHHoB B cBoeIi: KHHre
«AoMaIIIHHH 6hIT PYCCKHX n;apeIi: B XVI H XVII CTOJIeTH»X» (T. 1, Q. 1, H3;o;. 4-e.
M., 1918). Y)I(e B COBeTCKoe BpeM» rro;o;06Hhle TepMHHbI, rro B03MO)l(HOCTH C pa3b-
»CHeHH»MH, 6h1JIH crpyrrrrHpoBaHbI rro OTpaCJI»M B KHHre r. E. KOQHHa «MaTepH-
aJIhI ;o;JI» TepMHHOJIOrHQeCKOrO CJIOBap» ;o;peBHe:H POCCHH». (IIo;o; pe;o;. aKa;o;eMHKa
E . .n;. rpeKoBa. M.-JI., 1937).

-6-
nPEA",cnOB"'E 7

BmKHhIM rrO.n;CrrOpheM .n;JI5I TepMMHOJIOrM'IeCKOM OpMeHTaQMM B .n;OKYMeHTaX M

KHMraX CJIY)J{aT CJIe.n;YlOI.QMe M3.n;aHM5I CJIOBapHOrO TMrra: CJIOBaph AKa.n;eMMM POCCMM-
CKOM(T.1-6. CIT6., 1-eM3.n;. -1789-1794;2-eII3.n;. -1806-1822). -AJleKCeeBH. II.
IIpocTpaHHoe rrOJIe, 06pa60TaHHoe M rrJIo.n;OHOCHoe, IIJIIi Bce06IIJ;MM IICTOplI'IeCKHM
OpMrMHaJIhHhIM CJIOBaph. T. 1-2. M., 1793-1794. - 5blOBCKUU H. HOB hiM CJJOBO-
TOJIKOBaTeJIh, pacrrOJIo)J{eHHhIM rro ampaBMTY ... l..{. 1-3. CIT6., 1803-1806. -
BeJlbRWeB-BoJlblHl{OB If CJIOBaph MaTeMaTlI'IeCKIiX M BoeHHhlX HaYK, co.n;ep)J{aIIJ;MM
B ce6e Ha3BaHM5I Bcex HaYK, OTHOC5II.QMXC5I KaKMM-JIII60 06pa30M K MaTeMaTMKe M
BoeHHOMY MCKYCCTBY. T. 1-4. CII6., 1808. - 3H:QIIKJIOrre.n;M'IeCKIiM JIeKCIiKOH.
T. 1-17. CII6., TMrr. A. A. IIJIlOIIIapa, 1835-:-1841. - TOJlJlb CP. r. HaCTOJIhHhIM
CJIOBaph .n;JI5I crrpaBoK rro BceM OTpaCJI5IM 3HaHH5I. (CrrpaBO'IHhIM 3H:QMKJIOrre.n;M'Ie-
CKIIMJIeKCIIKoH). T.1-3IIToM.n;orrOJIHeHIIM. CII6., 1863-1864. -JI.aJlbB.H. TOJI-
KOBhIM CJIOBaph )){MBOrO BeJIMKopyccKoro 5I3hIKa. T. 1-4. M., 1863-1865. -
JI106el{KUU C. M. CrrpaBO'IHa5I KHMra .n;JI5I apxMTeKTopoB, Xy.n;O)J{HMKOB, CKYJIhrrTO-
pOB, )J{IIBorrIIC:QeB, pe3'IIiKOB M Bcex IIHTepeCYlOI.QIIXC5I IICKYCCTBOM. BhIII. 1. M.,
1875. - BceHaY'IHhIM (3H:QIIKJIOrre.n;M'IeCKIIM) CJIOBaph. [Ha 06JIo)J{Ke: 3H:QMKJIOrre-
.n;II'IeCKHM BceHaY'IHhIM CJIOBaph]. IIo.n; pe.n;. B. KJIlOIIIHHKoBa. l..{. 1-3. CII6.,
1878-1882. - Cpe3HeBcKuu H. H. MaTepHaJIhI .n;JI5I CJIOBap5I .n;peBHepyccKoro 5I3hI-
Ka. T. 1-3. CIT6., 1903. - TeXHM'IeCKa5I 3H:QMKJIOrre.n;M5I. T. 1-7. CII6., T-BO
«IIpoCBeI.QeHMe» [1910-e rr.]. - EcjJpeMoB E. HOBhIM rrOJIHhIM CJIOBaph MHOCTpaH-
HhIX CJIOB, BOIIIe.n;IIIHX B PYCCKHM 5I3hIK, C YKa3aHHeM rrpoMcxo)J{.n;eHM5I HX, y.n;apeHHM,
OTpaCJIeM 3HaHM5I H C pacIIIHpeHHoM 3H:QHKJIOrre.n;M'IeCKOM 'IaCThlO. ITo.n; pe.n;. H. A. Eo.n;y-
3Ha-.n;e-KYPTeHe. M., 1911. - TOBapHa5I 3H:QHKJIOrre.n;M5I. IIo.n; pe.n;. B. P. BMJIh5IMCa
M <1>. B. U:epeBMTMHoBa. M.-IT., 1927. - TeXHH'IeCKa5I 3H:QHKJIOrre.n;H5I. IIo.n; pe.n;.
IT. K. MapTeHca. T. 1-26. M., 1927 -1934, .n;orrOJIHMTeJIhHhIM TOM - 1936. - CJIO-
Baph PYCCKoro 5I3hIKa XI-XVII BB: BhIII. 1-13. M., 1975-1987. - CJIOBaph Pyc-
CKOro 5I3hIKa XVIII BeKa. Bhlrr. 1-4. IT., 1984-1988.
Ha.n;o rrOMHMTh, 'ITO He Bcer.n;a CJIOBapM XVIII - XIX BeKOB MorYT 6h1Th
Ha.n;e)J{HhIM rroc06HeM .n;JI5I pa3'b5ICHeHH5I M pacIIIMpeHH5I CMhICJIa TepMHHoB. HeKoTo-
phIe M3 CJIOBapeM, KaCa5ICh apxMTeKTypHhlX rrOH5ITMM, OrpaHM'IMBaJIMCh MeXaHM'IeC-
KMM rrepeBo.n;oM MHocTpaHHoro CJIOBa, He Y'IMThIBa5I ero peaJIhHOrO rrpMMeHeHH5I B
PYCCKOM apXMTeKTypHO-CTpOHTeJIhHOM rrpaKTMKe. K TaKHM HeHa.n;e)J{HhIM H3.n;aHH5IM
CJIe.n;yeT OTHeCTM «CJIOBaph pa3H05I3hI'IHhIM» <1>. f. K ypraHoBa (POCCMMCKa5I yHMBep-
CaJIhHa5I rpaMMaTMKa ... CII6., 1769) H CJIOBaph A. LJ:. MMXeJIhCOHa «30 000 MHO-
cTpaHHhlx CJIOB, BOIIIe.n;IIIMX B yrroTpe6JIeHHe B PYCCKMM 5I3hIK, C 06'b5ICHeHHeM HX
KopHeM» (M., 1866).
U:eHHYlO HHcpopMa:QHlO 0 KpeCTh5IHCKOM cTpOHTeJIhCTBe co.n;ep)J{aT CJIe.n;y-
lOI.QMe M3.n;aHM5I: BepXHe-BoJI)J{cKa5I 3THOJIOrM'IeCKa5I 3Kcrre.n;H:QH5I. KpeCTh5IHCKHe
rrocTpoMKH 5IpOCJIaBCKO-TBepcKoro Kpa5I. IT., 1926. - Be:JICKOBU'-1 A. c.,
)](eWJlOBa
C. K., JIe6eoeBa A. A., IIpocBupKuHa C. K. X035IMCTBO H 6hIT PYCCKMX KpeCTh5IH.
Orrpe.n;eJIMTeJIh. M., 1959. - lJU:JICUKOBa JI. H. CTaThM 0 )J{HJIMI.Qe B C60pHMKe
«3THorpacpH5I BOCTO'IHhIX CJIaB5IH. O'IepKM Tpa.n;M:QMoHHOM KyJIhTyphI». IIo.n; pe.n;.
K. B. l..{McTOBa. M., 1987, c. 239-243. - meHHUKOB A. A. PyccKoe KpeCTh5IHCKOe
KaMeHHoe cTpOHTeJIhCTBo. - ApxMTeKTYPHoe HaCJIe.n;CTBO, .N2 12. M., 1960,
c. 183-207. - OpcjJUHCKUU B. II., rpUwuHa H. E. LJ:epeB5IHHhle KpeCTh5IHCKMe aM-
6aphI pyccKoro CeBepa H CH6HpH. feHe3Hc H 3BOJIIO:QM5I. - IIp06JIeMhI HCCJIe.n;OBa-
HM5I, pecTaBpa:QHH H HCrrOJIh30BaHM5I apxMTeKTypHoro HaCJIe.n;M5I PyccKoro CeBepa:
Me)KBY30BCKHM C60pHHK. IIeTp03aBo.n;cK, 1989, c. 42-66. - KPOXUH B.A. IIpo-
MCXO)J{.n;eHMe Be.n;yI.QMX MOTMBOB pe3h6h1 B PYCCKOM .n;epeB5IHHOM 30.n;'IeCTBe. -
CoxpaHeHMe rraM5ITHMKOB .n;epeB5IHHOrO 30.n;'IeCTBa. C60PHMK HaY'IHhlX Tpy.n;OB. IIo.n;

-7-
nPEAMcnOBME 8

peA. T. H. IIaHq,mIOBoH. M., 1989, c. 120-134. - CPUJl,UH CPo II. CJIOBaph PYCCKHX
HapoAHblx roBOpOB. BhIll. 1-20. M.-JI., 1965-1985. - OIIhIT 06JIaCTHOro BeJIHKO-
PyccKoro CJIOBapSI, H3AaHHblH BTOPblM OT~eJIeHHeM HMTIepaTOpcKoH aKMeMHH
HaYK. CII6., 1852. - ,Il;onOJIHeHHe K «OnhITY 06JIaCTHOro BeJIHKopYCCKoro CJIOBa-
pSI». eII6., 1869. - JIeKcHKa H q,pa3eOJIOrHSl PYCCKHX rOBopoB CH6HpH. IIOA peA.
A. H. 4>eAopoBa. HOBOCH6HpCK, 1982. - Ce.!lUU4-e6 A. M. ,Il;HaJIeKTOJIOrnqeCKHH
OqepK CH6HpH. HpKYTCK, 1921. - Mypaae6 3.M. CJIOBaph HapoAHhIX reorpaq,H-
qeCKHX TepMHHoB. M., 1984.
IIo APyrnM OTpaCJISIM apXHTeKTypbl BeChMa nOJIe3HbI HaYQHble TPYAbI
HHCTHTYTa HCTOPHH eCTeCTB03HaHHSI H TeXHHKH (AH CCCP), HHcTHTYTa TeopHH
H HCTOPHH apXHTeKTYPbI (rOCCTPoSl CCCP) , rocYAapCTBeHHOrO HCTOp1{qeCKOrO
MY3eSl, OpY)I{eHHOH naJIaTbI, a TaK)I{e PSIA H3AaHHH XVIII BeKa: IIeppo K. COKpa-
ru;eHHhIH BHTPYBHH, HJIH COBepmeHHblH apxHTeKTop. IIepeBoA 4>. Kap)I{aBHHa. M.,
1789. - 3KOHOMHqeCKOH Mara3HH, HJIH Co6paHHe BCSlKHX 3KOHOMHqeCKHX H3Be-
CTHH: .. B nOJIh3Y POCCHHCKHX AOMOcTpOHTeJIeH H APYrHX JIl060nhITHblX JIIOAeH o6pa-
30M ~HaJIa H3AaBaeMoH. q. 1-40. M., 1780-1789. - KHHra 0 aTaKe H o6opoHe
KpenocTeH, H3AaHHaSI qpe3 r. Ae Bo6aHa, nepeB. qpe3 lfBaHa PeMe30Ba. CII6.,
1744. - PeUlemHuKo6 A. JII060nblTHblH XYAO)I{HHK H peMeCJIeHHHK HJIH 3allHcm
KacalOru;HecSI AO pa3Hblx xYAO)I{eCTB, PYKoAeJIHH, COCTaBOB H AO HeKoTopblX 3KOHO-
MHqeCKHX, nOBapeHHhIX H caAOBblX pa6oTax. M., 1791. - ,I(OJI)I{HOCTh ApXHTeKTYP-
HOH 3KcneAH~HH. - B KH.: ApxHTeKTypHblH apxHB. BhIll. 1. M., 1946, c. 21-~8.
H3 KHHr XIX H XX BeKOB HaAO oco60 OTMeTHTh Tame: JIeM H. OnblT ropo-
AOBhIM H CeJIhCKHM CTpoeHHSIM, HJIH PYKOBOACTBO K 3HaHHIO, rAe pacnOJIaraTh H
CTPOHTh BCSlKoro pOAa cTpoeHHSl no HeHMeHHIO apxHTeKTopa. H3A. 3-e. CIIG., 1821
(3TO H3AaHHe 6hIJIO HCnOJIh30BaHO npH paGoTe HaA CJIOBapeM KaK pacmHpeHHoe no
cpaBHeHHIO C paHHHM, 1785 rOAa). KpaTKoe PYKOBOACTBO K rp~aHCKOH apXHTeK-
Type HJIH 30AqeCTBY, H3AaHHoe AJISI HapOAHblX yqHJIHru; POCCHHCKOH HMnepHH.
CIIG., 1789. - KyaHmepo CPo illKOJIa AepeBeHcKoH apXHTeKTypbI. M., 1794. -
rpafjJ, XpucmofjJop BepHapo. TeopeTHKo-npaKTHqeCKOe HaCTaBJIeHHe 0 rp~aH­
CKOH apxHTeKTYpe B nOJIh3Y AOMocTPoHTeJIeH. HHKOJIaeB, 1800. - C61mae6 H. H.
YqeGHoe PYKOBOACTBO K apXHTeKTYpe, AJISI npenOAaBaHHSI B rOpHOM HHCTHTYTe,
rJIaBHOM HH)I{eHepHOM yqHJIHru;e, YqHJIHru;e rpa~aHcKHX HH)I{eHepOB H B APyrHX
yqeGHhIX 3aBeAeHHSIX. q. 1-4. CIIG., 1839-1841. - J(Buzy6cKUU H. A. JIeKcHKoH
ropoAcKoro H CeJIhCKoro X03S1HcTBa. T.I-12. M., 1836-1840. - CPYPMaHH II.
3~KJIOneAHSI PYCCKOro ropoAcKoro H CeJIhCKOrO x03S1HHa-apxHTeKTopa. q. 1-4.
CIIG., 1842. - KpacoBcKuU A. rpa~aHcKaSl apxHTeKTYpa. qacm 3AaHHH. CIIG.,
1851. - CaBe.!lbeB A. AJIq,aBHTHblH C60pHHK TeXHHqeCKHX CJIOB cTaphIx H HOBhIX,
OTHOCSlru;HXCSI K cTpOHTeJIhHoMY H HH:>KeHepHoMY HCKYCCTBaM, XHMHH, q,H3HKe H
MexaHHKe. CIIG., 1869. - CKp.n6YliUHCKUU, KaUleHl.{OB. CaMoyqHTeJIh cTpOHTeJIh-
Horo HCKYCCTBa. Cne~HaJIhHOe PYKOBOACTBO AJISI apxHTeKTopoB, CTOJISIpOB, llJIOTHH-
KOB, MeJIhHHKOB, KaMeHIIJ;HKOB, neqHHKOB H 3eMJIeAeJIh~eB. B 4-x KH. lf3A. I-e. M.,
1871; H3A. 8-e. M., 1904. [,I(ml AaHHoro CJIOBapSI 6hIJIO HCnOJIh30BaHO rJIaBHblM
oGpa30M 5-e H3AaHHe - M., 1881]. - KynfjJfjJep 3.10. )l{HJIOH AOM. CII6., 1914. -
CY.!lmaHOB H. TeopHSl apxHTeKTypHhIX q,OpM. CIIG., 1901. - MUXMOBCKUU H. B.
TeopHSl KJIaCCHqeCKHX apxHTeKTYpHblx q,OpM. H3A.3-e. M., 1944. -JIacKoBcKUU CPo
MaTepHaJIbI AJISI HCTOPHH HH)I{eHepHOro HCKYCCTBa B POCCHH (AO XVIII B). q.
1-3. CIIG., 1858-1865. - BoeHHblH 3H~KJIOneAHqeCmH JIeKCHKOH. T. 1-14.
CIIG., (l-e H3A. - 1837-1851; 2-e H3A. - 1852-1858). - KlOu IJ.. A. KpaTKHH
HCTOpHqeCKHH OqepK AOJIrOBpeMeHHoH q,OPTHq,HK~HH. H3A. 2-e. M., 1889. -
BoeHHaSI 3H~HKJIOneAHSI. IIOA peA. B. 4>. HOBH~KOro HAP. T. 1-18. CIIG.,

-8-
nPEAlllcnOBIIIE 9

1911-1915. - H8aH08 H. H. BbUIBJIeHHe YTpaqeHHbIX rraM5ITHHKOB EOPO)];HHCKOrO

rrOJI5I MeTO)];OM 6Hoqm3HqeCKOH JIOKaU;HH. (Te3HCbI HayqHbIX C006In;eHHH K TBOpqeC-
KOMY OTqeTY B COlO3e apXHTeKTOpOB CCCP (15 <peBpaJI5I 1973 r.). BcepocCHHCKa5I
CrreU;HaJIbHa5I HayqHO-peCTaBpaU;HOHHa5I rrpOH3BO)];CTBeHHa5I MacTepCKa5I). M., 1973,
c. 20-23. - CrrpaBOqHHK )];JI5I BoeHHo-cTpOHTeJIbHbIX TeXHHKOB. IIr., 1917. -
MOCTb!. Kypc CTapllIero KJIacca HHKOJIaeBCKOH HH)KeHepHOH aKa)];eMHH. CII6.,
1907. - /(aHUJle8CKUU B. B. I1cTopH5I m)];pOCHJIOBbIX YCTaHoBoK POCClffi )];0 XIX
BeKa. M.-ll., 1940. -JIe6UluH B. IIOJIHOe HaCTaBJIeHHe 0 cTpoeHHH BC5IKOrO po)];a
MeJIbHHU; BO)];5IHbIX, BeTp5IHbIX, rrapoBblx, TaK)Ke CKOTCKHMH H qeJIOBeqeCKHMH
CHJIaMH B )];eHCTBHe rrpHBO)];HMbIX, rro KOTOPOMY Ka)K)l;bIH MO)KeT OHble YCTpoHBaTb.
M., 1818. - JIRMUH IT. MeJIbHHU;bI B POCCHH. - «)KypHaJI MHHHcTepcTBa rocy)];ap-
CTBeHHblX HMYIn;eCTB». CII6., 1845, q. XVII. - 3azu6aJl06 IT. PYKOBO)];CTBO K
YCTPOHCTBY BO)];5IHbIX, BeTp5IHbIX, KOHHbIX H pyqHbIX MYKOMOJIbHbIX MeJIbHHU;. - B
KH.: 3arrHcKH I1MrrepaTopcKoro Ka3aHcKoro 3KOHOMHqeCKOrO 06In;eCTBa. Ka3aHb,
1859. - HOBa5I CKpH)KaJIb. 113)];. 12-e. CII6., 1838. - Caxapo6 M. IT. 3arrHcKa )];JI5I
0603peHH5I PYCCKHX )];peBHocTeH. CIT6., 1851. - /(bR'IeHKO r. ITOJIHbIH u;epKoBHo-
CJIaB5IHCKHH CJIOBapb (co BHeceHHeM B Hero Ba)KHeHllIHX )];peBHepYCCKHX CJIOB H
Bblpa)KeHHH ... ). M., 1900. - /(uaKoH BJlaOUMUp CUOOp06. ITepBble llIam B rrpaBo-
CJIaBHOM xpaMe. M., 1991. - EepHwpo B. P. IJ;epKoBHble rrapyca. CII6., 1892. -
C060Jle8 H. CTHJIH B Me6eJIH. M., 1939. - COKOJl08a T. OqepKH rro HCTOPHH xy)];O-
)KeCTBeHHOH Me6eJIH XV-XIX BeKOB. M., 1967. - KY'IYM08 A. M. Y6paHcTBo
PyccKoro )KHJIOrO HHTepbepa XIX BeKa. ITo MaTepHaJIaM BbICTaBKH B ITaBJIOB-
CKOM )];BOpu;e-My3ee. ll., 1977. - KUCeJle8 11. A. 060H XVIII - XIX BeKOB. - «,IJ;e- .
KopaTHBHoe HCKYCCTBO CCCP». M., 1979, NQ 4, c. 46-48. - I1cKyccTBo aHCaM6JI5I.
XY)];O)KeCTBeHHbIH rrpe)];MeT - HHTepbep - apxHTeKTypa - cpe)];a. [C6.]. ITO)]; pe)];.
M. A. HeKpacoBoH. M., 1988. - COJl06be6 K. A. PYCCKHH xY)];O)KeCTBeHHbIH rrapKeT.
M., 1953. - ArjJaHacbe8 A. (/J. Pe3qHKY rro )];epeBy. M., 1990. - meneJle8 A. M.
IIITYKaTypHble )];eKOpaTHBHO-XY)];O)KeCTBeHHble pa60TbI. M., 1990. - BepzYHo8 A. IT.,
rOpOX06 B. A. PyccKHe Ca)];bI H rrapKH. M., 1988. - EOW8aR 11. 0., (/Jypco6a JI. M.
llaH)];llIa<pTHoe HCKYCCTBO. M., 1988. - C8UR3e6 H. H. TeOpeTHqeCKHe OCHOBbI
rreqHOrO HCKYCCTBa B rrpHMeHeHHH K YCTPOHCTBY pa3Hblx HarpeBaTeJIeH, K OTOrrJIe-
HHIO H BeHTHJI5Ill;HH 3)];aHHH. CIT6., 1867. - JIb606 H. A. PyccKa5I rrHpOCTaTHKa HJIH
YrroTpe6JIeHHe HcrrbITaHHblX Y)Ke B03)];YllIHbIX rreqeH ... 1799. - OPJl08 A. H.
PyccKa5I OTOrrHTeJIbHO-BeHTHJI5IU;HOHHa5I TeXHHKa. M., 1950. - C060.1le6 H. H.
qyrYHHoe JIHTbe B PYCCKOH apxHTeKType. M., 1951. - KpomKo6 IT. B., /ljeKomo8
M. IT. I1cTopHqecKHH OqepK HH)KeHepHblx coopY)KeHHH r. MOCKBbI. M., 1896\..-
KYOPR8Z,W6 A. C. OqepKH HCTOPHH )];OpO)KHOrO cTpOHTeJIbCTBa B CCCP. q. 1 ()];O-
OKT5I6pbCKHH rrepHO)];). ,IJ;opH3)];aT, 1951. - Occo6eu,Kuu H. MaJI5IpHOe )];eJIo. 113)];.
2-e. M., 1896. - EPOUlKUH H. IT. I1cTopH5I rocy)];apCTBeHHblx yqpe)K)l;eHHH )];0-
peBOJIIOU;HOHHOH POCCHH. M., 1983. - ApxHTeKTypHble KOHCTPYKU;HH. ITO)]; pe)];.
3. A. Ka36eK-Ka3HeBa. M., 1989.
ITpH pa60Te Ha)]; )];aHHOH KHHrOH 6bIJIH yqTeHbI crpyrrrrHpoBaHHble BMeCTe
TepMHHOJIOmqeCKHe rr05ICHeHH5I H CJIOBapH B Tpy)];aX HCKyccTBOBe)];qeCKOrO rrp0<pH-
JI5I, HarrpHMep: (/JJlem'lep E., (/JJlem'lep E. (/J. I1cTopH5I apxHTeKTYPbI, COCTaBJIeHHa5I
rro cpaBHHTeJIbHoMY MeTO)];Y. BbIII. 1-2. CIT6., 1911-1912. - HeKpaco6 A. 11. Pyc-
CKHH aMrrHp. M., 1935. - EpYH08 H. AJIb60M apxHTeKTypHbIX CTHJIeH. M., 1937. -
Bce06In;a5I HCTOPH5I apxHTeKTypbI. T. 1. M., 1944. - I1cTopH5I PYCCKOH apXHTeK-
TYPbI. M., (l-e H3)];. - 1951; 2-e H3)];. - 1956). - AJlrjJepo8 H. C. 30)];qHe cTaporo
YpaJIa. IIepBa5I rrOJIOBHHa XIX BeKa. M., 1960. - Acee8 10. c., JIe6eoe8 r.A.
ApxHTeKTypa KpbIMa. KHeB, 1961. - TYJIa. ITaM5ITHHKH HCTOPHH H KYJIbTYPbI.

-9-
nPEAMcnOBME 10

TIYTeBo.n;HTeJIb no.n; pe.n;. B. H. YKJIeHHa. TYJIa, 1962. - A/UjJepo6a r. B. TIaM5ITHHK

.n;peBHepYCCKoro 30.n;qeCTBa B Ka.n;alllax. M., 1974. - EymuKo6 r. II., X6ocmo6a r.
A. McaaKHeBcKHH co6op. II., 1974. - COKOJl06 A. M. OCHoBHbIe I10H5ITH5I apxHTeK-
TypHOro npoeKTHpOBaHH5I. II., 1976. - OnOJl06HUK06 A. B. PYCCKHH CeBep. M.,
1977. - OnOJl06HUK06 A., Ocmpo6cKuU r. PyCb .n;epeB5IHHa5I. M., 1981. - Kec If
CTHJIH Me6eJIH. Ey.n;anelllT, 1981. - JIU6COH B. B03po~eHHble COKpOBHIIJ;a
MocKBbL M., 1983. - reuoo6alf U op. EOJIbllla5I HJIJIIOCTpHpOBaHHa5I3HIJ;HKJIOne-
.n;H5I.n;peBHocTeH. M3.n;. 4-e. TIpara, 1984. - KUJlbne T. JI. OCHOBbI apxHTeKTypbI M.,
1984 (2-e H3.n;. - 1989). - rpy6e r., Kyt.t.Map A. TIYTeBo.n;HTeJIb no apxHTeKTypHbIM
<p0pMaM. M., 1990. - BOJlOUlUH B. CP., 3eJlbmeH H. A. CJIOBapb apxHTeKTypHo-
CTPOHTeJIhHblX TepMHHOB. MHHcK, 1990. - menumbKo H. II., Ca6amIOK JI. A.,
Mozumu'-t H. P. U op. ApxHTeKTYPHo-pecTaBpau;HoHHble TepMHHbL KHeB, 1990. -
llIuHae6 C. 5/. ,I:(epeB5IHHOe 30.n;qeCTBO. TOJIKOBbIH CJIOBapb TepMHHoB H nOH5ITHH.
M., 1992. - II,lOpyna JI.JI., HeeJl06 B.A. MJIJIIOCTpHpoBaHHoe I10C06He .n;JI5I no.n;-
rOTOBKH KaMeHIIJ;HKOB. M., 1984. - JIY.Mucme M. lJ,epKoBb HHrYJIHCTe. TaJIJIHH,
1985. - TIOrryJI5IpHa5I xy.n;O)KeCTBeHHa5I 3HIJ;HKJIOIle.n;H5I. ApxHTeKTypa. )KHBOIIHCb.
CKYJIbilTypa. rpaqmKa. ,lJ;eKopaTHBHoe HCKYCCTBO. IIo.n; pe.n;. B. M. IIoJIeBoro.
KH. 1-2. M., 1986. - BblZOJl06 B. II., YopaJl06a H. B. B KpaH 6eJIblx HOqeH.
BOJIor.n;a, KHPHJIJIOB, <pepanoHToBo, EeJI03epCK, BblTerpa, IIeTpo3aBo.n;cK, KH)KH,
MapIJ;HaJIbHbIe BO.n;bI, KOH.n;onora, KHBaq. M., 1986. - ,aaHUJl06aJI. OKHO C 3aTeH-
JIHBOH pe3b6oH. M., 1986. - Hecmopo6ufi E. H. ApxHTeKTypa cTaporo BeKa. Eeo-
rpa.n;, 1952. - Eo6'-te6 C. H. MCTOPH5I Ha apxHTeKTypaTa Ha CTapH5I CB5IT. KH. 1-2.
CO<pH5I, 1954-1955. - Biiddemmann W. Welcher Stil ist das? Stuttgart, 1938. -
Librovti E. Rusko-eesky slovnik architektonickeho tvaroslovi. Praha, [195 ... ] -
Szentkiralyi z., Detshy M. Az epiteszet rovid tortenete. Budapest, 1959. - Miivesz-
ettortenete ABC. Budapest, 1961. - Surovy B. Architektura. Naueny slovnik.
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I - IV. Budapest, 1965 -1968. - Stavebnicky naueny slovnfk. 1966. - Siownik
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TOqHee, qeM r.n;e-JIH60, onpe.n;eJIeHH5I apXHTeKTypHo-xy.n;O)KeCTBeHHblX Tep-
MHHOB c.n;eJIaHbI B 3-M H3.n;aHHH EOJIblllOH COBeTcKoH 3HIJ;HKJIOne.n;HH H B COBeTcKoM
3HIJ;HKJIOne.n;HqeCKOM CJIOBape (M., 1981), nOqTH 6e3 H3MeHeHHH I10BTOp5IIOIIJ;eM ee
<j:>OPMYJIHPOBKH no 3TOH TeMaTHKe.
TepMHHbI cTpOHTeJIbHOH H xy.n;O)KeCTBeHHoH KyJIbTYPbl He60JIblllHX Hapo-
.n;OB Ha TeppHTopHH POCCHH OTqaCTH co6paHhI BO BpeM5I 3Kcrre.n;HIJ;HOHHbIX noe3.n;OK,
OTqaCTH B35ITbI H3 CJIe.n;yIOIIJ;HX KHHr: TOKape6 C. A. 3TilOrpa<j:>H5I Hapo.n;oB CCCP.
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CeJIeHH5I, )KHJIHIIJ;e. - B KH.: KyJIbTypa H 6bIT Hapo.n;OB CeBepHoro KaBKa3a,
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X. lJepKecbI. lJepKeccK, 1974. - CmyoeHel{KaR E. H. IIoceJIeHH5I H )KHJIHIIJ;a. - B
KH.: KapaqaeBIJ;bI. MCTopHKo-nHorpa<j:>HqeCKHH OqepK. IIo.n; pe.n;. II. M. IIaBpoBa.
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)KHJIHIIJ;e Hapo.n;oB KaBKa3a B XIX-XX BB. M., 1982. - Ky3Hel{06 B. A. IIYTellle-

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nPE,QMcnOBME 11

CTBHe B ApeBHHH l1PHCTOH. M., 1974. - MYXaMe006a P. r. TaTapbl-MHllIapH. M.,

1972. - illum06a C. H. TpaAHIJ;HOHHhle rrOCeJIeHH5I H )l(MJIH~a 6allIKHp BTOPOH
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TIpHypaJIh5I. l1cToPHKo-3THorpaqmqeCKHe OqepKH. M., 1985. - 3THorpacpH5I Hapo-
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«TIOABEDKHOCTh» KOqeBOrO X035IHCTBa KaK OCHOBa apxHTeKTypHo-rrpocTpaHcTBeH-
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Ha rrpHMepe 6YP5ITCKOro HapoAa B KOHIJ;e XIX B.). - B KH.: TIp06JIeMhI HCCJIeAOBa-
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KaM B HaIJ;HOHaJIhHhIX 5I3hIKax. TaK, HarrpHMep, B CJIOBaX H BhIpa)KeHH5IX «eH», «eK-
MhIC rreJIheCa KepKa», «eTepHCh rrOCO}J;3» 6YKBOH «e» YCJIOBHO 0603HaqeH HeHOTHpo-
BaHHhIH 3ByK, CXOAHhIH C HeMeIJ;KHM «0», a B CJIOBaX «IOH» H «lOp3eK» 6YKBe «10»
}J;OJI)KeH COOTBeTCTBOBaTh HeHOTHpOBaHHhIH 3ByK, 6JIH3KHH HeMeIJ;KOMY «u». B CJIO-
Bax «}J;HHre3», «Ma3paca», «HHre3» 6YKBa «3» 03HaqaeT 3ByK, CXO}J;HhIH C COrJIaCHhIM
B aHrJIHHCKOM CJIOBe «the», a B CJIOBaX «aJIrhI 3H», «6aJIChIK 3H», «HKe 3HJI3» ,
«KapTa 3H», «MaJI 3H3», «M3raparr», «3CKe 3H», «3CKe 3PJI3K», «lOp33K» 6YKBa «3»
03HaqaeT 3ByK, cpeAHHH Me)KAY PYCCKHM «H» H «3». B CJIOBe «KHllIT3» 6YKBa «3»
COOTBeTcTByeT 3BYKY, cpeAHeMY Me)KAY PYCCKHMH «a» H «3». EYKBa «x» B CJIOBOCO-
qeTaHHH «xarr}J;blK a5Irbl» 03HaqaeT M5IrKHH 3BYK, cpe}J;HHH Me)K}J;Y PYCCKHMH «x» H
«r», KOTOPhIH rrOXO)K Ha HeMeIJ;KOe «h» H YKpaHHCKoe «r». 060CHOBaHHeM }J;JI5I
TaKOH rrepe}J;aqH rrOCJIY)KHJIa KHHra B. 11. rOphKOBOH H T. B. MypaHHBcKoro «TIoco-
6He rro pecpepHpOBaHHIO H peAaKTHpOBaHHIO HayqHO-TeXHHqeCKOH JIHTepaTyphI»
(M., 1964, Ta6JI. Me)KAY c. 40 H 41). 0603HaqHTh PYCCKHMH 6YKBaMH TepMHHhI H3
ceBepoKaBKa3cKHx 5I3hIKOB rrOMOrJIa JIHHrBHCT 11. TI. OJIOB5IHHHKoBa.
Hap5IAY C orry6JIHKOBaHHhIMH rreqaTHhIMH H3}J;aHH5IMH rrpH pa60Te Ha}J; 3TOH·
KHHroH 6hIJIH rrpocMoTpeHhI MallIHHorrHCHhIe MaTepHaJIhI C HCTopHKo-apxHTeKTYp-
HhIMH TepMHHaMH (rJIaBHhIM o6pa30M 3arOTOBKH CJIOBHHKOB) B IJ,eHTpaJIhHOM ro-
cYAapcTBeHHoM apxHBe JIHTepaTyphI H HCKyccTBa: cp. 2428, orr. 1, eA. xp. 14 (Ma-
TepHaJIhI apxHTeKTopa H. B. CYJITaHoBa); cp. 2059, orr. 1, eA. xp. 224 (MaTepHaJIhI

-11-
nPEAMcnOBME 12

HapO,L{HOrO apmCTa POI>CP M. <1>. JIeHHHa); <p. 2606, on. 1, e:n;. xp. 157 (MaTe-
PHaJIbI apxHreKTopa,D;. E. ApKHHa).
BIDKHbIM :n;onOJIHeHHeM KO BceM nepeqHCJIeHHbIM HCTOqHHKaM OKa3aJICSI
CJIOBapb K ,L{HCCepT~H II. C. KacaTKHHa (Ha COHCKaHHe yqeHoH CTeneHH KaH]l;H-
,L{aTa apxHTeKTypbI) «MoCKOBCKaSI rpa)K)l;aHCKaSI apxHTeKTYpa XVII BeKa» (M.,
1940). HeCKOJIbKO TepMHHOB 3aHMCTBOBaHO H3 :n;HccepTan;HH O. B. CTPyrOBOH (Ha
COHCKaHHe yqeHoH CTeneHH KaH:n;H,L{aTa HCKyccTBoBe:n;eHHSI) «IIpe:n;MeTHaSI cpe:n;a
)KHJIoro u:HTepbepa B POCCHH. KOH. XIX - Haq. XX BeKOB» (M., 1991).
3HaqHTeJIbHYIO nOMOlll;b B nO,L{rOTOBKe CJIOBapSI OKa3aJI peCTaBpaTOp
H. A. Ku:ceJIeB, rrpe:n;oCTaBHBmHH MHoroqHcJIeHHbie BbIIIHCKH H3 CJIOBapSI B. H. ,[(a-
JISI, a TalOKe CBOH H3blCKaHHSI 0 rrpO:n;YKIl;HH CTOJISIPOB H KaMeHIIl;HKOB. Orrpe,L{e-
JIeHHbIH BKJIa:n; B no:n;rOTOBKY CJIOBHHKa K CJIOBaplO H B pa3nSIcHeHHe nOHSITHH
c:n;eJIaJIH TalOKe H. C. ,D;aTHeBa, H. H. MBaHoB, JI. B. TbI:n;MaH, 10. 51. repqYK,
10. A. Be,L{eHHH, A. II. ,[(eHHcKHHa, B. M. Py:n;qeHKO, B. M. 51KY6eHSI, T. B. JIeBH-
Ha, A. <1>. KpameHHHHHKOB, B. E. XaCJIaBCKaSI, B. B. Mu:xaHJIOB, B. M. He:n;eJIHH,
ID. A. BeAeHHH, A. H. ;H:eHHcKHHa, :B ..M. Py:n;qeHKO, B. Fl. ~KYt1eHSI, T. '8. JieBII
MeHKO, B n llapHlI
<l>parMeHTbI npe:n;JIaraeMOro CJIOBapSI 6bmH orry6JIHKOBaHbI He3HaqHTeJIb-
HbIM THPIDKOM B :n;Byx H3:n;aHHSIX: ApxHTeKTypHble naMSITHHKH CMOJIeHCKOH o6JIa-
CTH. KaTaJIOr. KH. 2-SI. M., 1987, c. 610-631. MHHHcTepcTBo KYJIbTYpbI PC<I>CP.
OCHoBHble CJIY)Ke6Hble MaTepHaJIbI no OTpaCJIH KyJIbTYPbI H HCKYCCTBa 3a
1970-1989 ro:n;bI. BbIII. 14. IIaMSITHHKH HCTOPHH H KyJIbTYPbI. q. 2. «IIepBHqHaSI
yqeTHaSI :n;OKYMeHTall;HSI Ha naMSITHHKH rpa}:{OCTPOHTeJIbCTBa H apxHTeKTypbI. CJIO-
Bapb apXHTeKTYpHbIX TepMHHOB». M., 1989.
CTaTbH B CJIOBape pacnOJIO)KeHbI no <poHeTu:qecKOMY npHHn;u:rry.

-12-

ABAXYP. 1 KOJmaK MH ~TOK npH
CBeTMhHHKe (JIaMIIa, CBe'la), JIOKaJIH3Y-
IO~H rrOTOK CBeTa. 2 OKHO C rrO;llOKOH-
HHKOM H rrepeMhl'lKOH, CHJIhHO HaKJIO-
HeHHhIMH BHYTPh rrOMe~eHHH (rJIaBHhIM
06pa30M B rrO;llBaJIax). 3 llpHKperrJIeH-
Hhm cHapY)I{H K CTeHe TlOpeMHOrO 3;l1a-
HHH H OTKphIThIH cBepxy KO)l(YX
(06hI'lHO ;lIo~aThm) BOKpyr OKHa TIO-
peMHOH KaMephI, rr03BOJIHIO~H BH;I\eTh
H3 Hee JIHWh rrOJIOCKY He6a.
ABAKA (=a6aK). lliHTa Ha;I\ OCHOB-
HOH 'laCThlO KanumeJ/,u, 06hI'lHO rro;ll-
;lIep)l(HBalO~aH aHma6J/,f~MeHm.
ABATIOJIOK. rOp6btJIb.
ABAQHCCA. TIpoMe)l(YTO'lHhm 3JIe-
MeHT npH nepeXO;lle OT opoepHOU Kanu-
meJ/,u K a6aKe.
13
AB,lJ;3P. CYUJU'K;lIM O;lleX<;I\hI B 6YPHT-
CKOH IOpme.
ABJIYHh. IIepe6oouHa, rrepeKJIa;llHHa.
ABPA.mAThI1i''L H3pa3~OBhIH.
ABCH,lJ;A. Ancuoa.
ABillHHT. 1 (=pempa;lla, peTPaHwe-
MeHT). 3arracHhIe 060pOHHTeJIhHhIe
rr03H~H BUYTPH OCHOBHOro YKperrJIeHHH
MH rr03a;I\H Hero, 3a~eHHhIe c06-
CTBeHHhIM 6a.t10M (1) JIH60 HHOH orpa-
;lIOH H OT;lIeJIeHHhIe pBaMH OT ;IlpYrHX
'laCTeii: ICpenocmu. 2 BaJ/, (1) co pBOM
BUYTPH YKperrJIeHHH.
ABAHEEK. TIepe;llHHH 'laCTh 6btlCa B
MOCTOBhIX orropax, orpaHH'leHHaH ;lIBY-
MH IIJIOCKOCTHMH JIH60 3aKpyrJIeHHOH
rrOBepXUOCThlO.
ABAH)J;YKH. C6au, B6HBaeMhIe B pH;lI
Y 6epera.
ABAH3AJI. TIoMe~eHHe rrepe;ll rJIaB-
HhIM 3aJIOM B KPYIIHOM o6~eCTBeHHOM
3;l1aHHH MH BO o6op~e (1).
ABAHTYPHHOBhIH JIAK. JIaK, rre-
peMeWaHHhIH C MeTaJIJIH'leCKHMH 01IHJl-
KaMH, npH;lIalO~HMH JIaKHpyeMoH rro-
BepxHoCTH Mep~alO~ 6JIecK.
ABAHTIOPHHOBA}! rJIA3YPh. 3e-
JIeHaH JIH60 KpaCHaH rrOJIHBa rro Kepa-
MHKe, rrpH;lIalO~aH nOBepxHoCTH H3;l1e-
JIHH 30JIOmCThIH 6JIecK.
-13-
-\3-
ABAHTIOPHHOBOE CTEKJIO. TIo-
JIyrrpo3pa'lHOe CTeKJIO rrpeHMY~eCT­
BeHHO KpaCHoro, 3eJIeHOrO MH CBeTJIO-
KOpH'lHeBoro ~eTa C 60JIhWHM KOJIH'le-
CTBOM 30JIOmCThIX 6JIeCTOK H Mep~alO­
~ BKpanJIeHHH.
ABAH<POC. POB KOHmpacKapna, ~H
rrepe;llHHH pOB, BhIKOrraHHhIH rrepe;ll zJ/,a-
CUCOM napaJIJIeJIhHO eMY.
ABJIA. KPhIThIH 060P (1) ;I\JlH OBe~ H
KOPOB B Horan:cKoH ycaob6e.
ABCTEPlUI. AycmepUR.
ABTOTIHAHO. MY3hIKaJIhHhm HH-
CTPYMeHT ;I\JlH MeXaHH'leCKOH HrphI Ha
<popTeIIHaHo (pa3HOBH;I\HOcm: rrHaHOJIa,
<poHOJIa H ;liP.). BHa'laJIe HMeJI BH;I\ npH-
CTaBKH K KJIaBHarype POHJIH MH IIHaHH-
HO, BrrOCJIe;llCTBHH BCTPaHBaJICH BHYTPh
HX Koprryca.
Ar A. rpaHH~a YCa;I\e6Horo rrapKa MH
ca;lla, HMelO~aH BH;lI HerJIy6oKoro pBa C
rro;llrropHoH cTeHKoH, KOTOPaH He BH;I\Ha
co CTOPOHhI YCa;I\h6hI H HMeeT rrOJIOrHH
CKaT K rrapKY.
ArPA q,. 1 3fl.MIC06btU Ka.MeHb apKu,
a TaK)l(e ero rrO;ll'lepKHYTaH HMHT~
B apXHTeKTypHoM ;lIeKope (06hI'lHO B
rrepeMhI'li<:ax npoeMoB H HHW). 2 Me-
TaJIJIH'leCKaH cKperra B BH;I\e J/,acmo'l-
ICUH020 X60cma C TI-06pa3HhIM 3am60M
KO~OB - ;lIJIH coe;llHHeHHH KaMeHHhIX
6JIOKOB. 3 OpHaMeHTaJIhHhIH MOTHS
~BeTO'lHhIX napmep06 (1), HMelO~
BH;I\ JIerreCTKOB, JIHCTheB MH BeTBeH,
KOTophle CXO;llHTCH B O;llHY TO'lKY B cpe;ll-
HeH '1aCTH rrapTepa.
A,lJ;AMOBA rOJIOBA. H306pa)l(eHHe
'leperra Ha;ll cKpe~eHHhIMH JIOKTeBhIMH
KOCTHMH, rrOMe~eHHoe B OCHOBaHHH
KpecTa.
A AAMACI30H - AnbKE)I(
MMAcI>OH. IlHaHHHO C KaMepTOHaMH
BMeCTO CTpYH.
MMI1PAJITEMCTBO (=~MHparI­
Teg). 1 ITpH6pexmag TeppHTOpHg, npH-
cnOC06JIeHHag AJIg nOCTpoHKH H pe-
MOHTa BoeHHblx Kopa6JIeH. 2 3AaHHe
n;eHTParIhHhIX yqpeX<AeHHH MOPCKOro
BeAOMCTBa.
A3APO,lJ;. P~ CTOJI60B BhICOTOH ABe-
TpH CruKeHH, C roPH30HTarIhHblMH
OTBepCTHgMH, qepe3 KOTophIe nponyc-
KalOTCg )I{epAH nOA CHODhI He06MOJIO-
qeHHOrO xne6a, npe):IHa3HaqeHHhIe AJIg
npocymKH.
A3BAP. ITepeAHHH 060P (1) B Kpe-
CThgHCKOH ycaob6e TaTap-MHIllapeH,
BKJIlOqaBmHH B ce6g )l{HJIOH AOM H Ha-
ABopHhIe nOCTpoHKH.
A3YP (=mMarIhTa). CHugg KpaCKa ):\JISI
AepeBa, 6yMam H TKaHeH.
AlUI. BpeMeHHoe )l{HJImn;e arITaHCKOro
OXOTHHKa HJlH CKOTOBOAa.
AMJIEPOH. 3J1epoH.
AMillBA. KpyrJIbIH TPexHorHH CTOJIHK
B TP~HIl;HOHHOM a6a3HHcKoM AOMe.
AMbID. AnTaHCKag Cpy6Hag IOpma C
qeTbIPb~, meCTblO HJIH BoceMblO rpa-
ugMH, 3aBepmeHHag Kp06J1eU H3 KOPbI
JIHCTBeHHHn;bI.
AKA)KY. KpacHoe oepe6o.
AKAHT. (=60p~, MeABe)l{bg JIana).
,lJ;eKOpaTHBHbIH 3JIeMeHT B BRAe· JIHCTa
C BbIe~aTbIM H3BHJlHCTo-3y6qaTbIM
KpaeM, - HanpHMep, B KOPUHljJCKOU H
KOMn03umHOU KanUmeJlJlX, a TaK)l{e B
MOOYJlbOHaX.
AKAIO-JIAK. MHHeparIbHag Kop~He­
Bag HJlH )I{eJITag KpaCKa KpacHo-6yporo
OTTCHKa Ha MacngHOM HJIH BOAOpaCTBO-
PHMOM CBg3ylO~eM, - AJIg POCDHceH no
AepeBy.
AKBE,lJ;YK. KaMeHHbIH KaHarI HJlH TPY-
60npOBOA (qaCTO C BbICOKOH apKaoou B
OCHOBaHHH) Allil cHa6)1{eHHg BOAOH H3
OTAarIeHHbIX HCTOqHHKOB.
AKITA-wrAH. MaM6a-oyzaH.
AKPOTEPI1M. B03BbImeHHe HaA yr-
JIOM ljJpOHmOHa, HMelO~ee BRA naJIb-
Memmbt, Ba3bI HJIH nOCmaMeHma A.IDI
cTaryH, 6lOcma, He60JIbmOrO 06eJlUCKa
HT. A.
AKC. QHJIHHAPHqeCKag IIOBepXHOCTb
60Jl1Ombt HJlH 6aJ1lOCmpbt.
AJIArPEK. MeaHOp.
AJIAK. IIJluHmyc, nOgCOK.
AJIAHqbIK. AJITaHCKOe Ko~eCKoe
)KHJImn;e, KpbIToe BOHJIOKOM HJlH
Kopoii.
AJIACbIK. 1 He HMelO~ag OKOH qeTbI-
pexyroJIbHaSI nOCTPOHKa co CTeHaMH H3
KOPbI (HanpHMep, 6epeCTbI HJlH JIy6a)
Ha AepeBgHHOM KapKace - )l{HJIH~e
OCTgKOB (xaHThI) H BOryJIOB (MaHcH).
2 BamKHpCKag KapKaCHag nocTPoHKa
AJIg )KHJIbSI, 06mHTag KOpOH.
AJIAqyrA. 3arny6JIeHHag 3e.MJ1RHKa C
nJIeTeHOH KpbtuteU H3 npYTbeB nOA BOH-
JIOqHOH HJIH poroxmoH Kp06.!leu.
AJIAqbIK. qeTbIpexyroJIbHOe CaMaH-
Hoe HJlH cpy6Hoe )I{HJlH~e TaTap-MHma-
pen, nepeKpbIToe Ha ABa CKaTa H 060-
rpeBaeMoe rJIHH06HTHOH neqblO.
AJIThI 3M, AJI,lJ;ArbI 51K. ITepBaSI OT
BXOAa KOMHaTa (c neqblO) B nRmUCmeH-
HOM 6amKHpCKOM GOMe (1).
-14-
14
AJIEBACTPOBOE CTEKJIO (=6e-
JIoe CTeKJIO, rJIyxoe CTeKJIO, KOCTgHOe
CTeKJIO MOJIOqHOe CTeKJIo). MaToBoe
CTeKJIO Allil ABepeH, utUpM, KaMUHHbtX
3KpaHo6, CBeTHJIbHHKOB.
A.JDKl1PCKI1M METAJIJI. BeJIbIH
CDJIaB C OJIOBOM B OCHOBe H npHMecblO
MeAH C cypbMon, ynoTPe6JIgsIDHHCg Allil
OTJIHBOK.
AJII13API1H. KpacHO-limoJIeTOBbIH
HCKYCCTBeHHhIH KpaCHTeJIb, npHMeugs-
mHHCg AJIg MaIDlpHbIX pa6oT.
AJIKOB. 1 AJlblW6. 2 KPbITag CKa-
MeHKa B c~y, 6eceoKa.
AJIJIEH. ,lJ;opora MC)I{):Iy npOAOJIbHbIX
p~OB AepeBbeB.
AJIJII1HbEMEHThI. Pa36HBKa Ha
MeCTHOCTH DJIaHa 6YA~ero <P0PTH<pH-
KaIl;HOHHoro cOOp~eHHg.
AJIMEMOP. BUMa.
AJIOrOJIYBbIM. JIHJIOBbIH C npe06JIa-
AaHHeM rOJIy6H3HbI.
AJITAH, AJITAHA (=arIbTaHa). OT-
KpbIToe zY.!lb6ul4e HaA KpbtuteU 3;o;aHHg
HJlH .!looJICueu.
AJITAPHA5I ITPErpMA. CTeHKa C
npOeMaMH HJlH napanem MeX<AY aJlma-
peM H OCHOBHbIM nOMe~eHHeM xpaMa.
AJITAPHl1qA. )l(epTBeHHHK.
AJITAPb. 1 HaH60JIee BruKHag Allil
peJIHrH03Horo pHTyarIa qaCTb npaBO-
cnaBHoro xpaMa, OTAeJIeHHag OT ero
OCHOBHoro npOCTPaHCTBa aJlmapHOU
npezpaoou JIH60 UKOHocmaCOM. 2 B
3an~Ho-xpHCTHaHcKHX xpaMax - BbITg-
H)'ThIH nonepeK OCH XPaMa CTOJI, Ha
KOTOPOM COBepmaeTCg TaHHCTBO npeB-
pa~eHHg xJIe6a H BOAhI B DJIOTb H KpOBh
XpHCTa, a TaK)l{e B03BeAeHHag HaA 3THM
CTOJIOM ;o;eKOpaTHBHag CTeHKa C peJIH-
m03HOH )I{HBOnHCblO HJlH CKYJIbnTYPOH
(qaCTO HMelO~ag BRA CKJIa;o;ug).
AJIXI1M1151. IToMe~eHHe npH anTeKe,
B KOTOPOM npHroTOBJIgJIH JIeKapCTBO.
AJIbIM KI1PITl1q. Cna60 060)l{)l{eH-
HbIH KHp~ gpKo-KpacHoro n;seTa,
npeAHa3HaqeHHhIH AJIg K.!laOKU KYXOH-
HbIX H KOMHaTHbIX neqeH.
AJIbIMMAH. KapKaCHag Kpbtuta aJI-
TancKoH cpy6Hon IOpmbt.
AJIbBEPTI1EBbI CTEHhI. KaMeH-
HbIe CTeHbI C nycToTaMH Me)l{):ly BepTH-
KarIbHbIMH nOBepXHOCTgMH CDJIOmHOH
K.!laGKu.
AJIbKE)I(. 1 ITo;o;qepKHYTbIH yrnoBon
06'beM 3AaHHg, HMelOlIl;HH B DJIaHe npg-
MOyrOJIbHHK H 3aBepmeHHbIH 060c06-
A AnbKOB - AHAHACHASI rPAHb 15

JIeHHOH 1(pOB.!leu. 2 He60JIbIIIaSl yrJIO-
BaSI KOMHaTa B ycaAe6HOM AOMe (06blq-
HO cnaJIbHSI, Ka6MHeT JIM60 rapAepo6).
3 )KMJIOe nOMern;eHMe B KOpqMe.
AJIhKOB. HMIIIa B KOMHaTe, OTAeJIeH-
HaSl OT ee OCHOBHoro npocTPaHcTBa
3aHaBeCOM, ap1(ou MJIM KO.!101t1UlMU M
npeAHa3HaqeHHaSl AJISI pa3Mern;eHMSI B
HeH KpoBaTM JIM60 AMBaHa.
AMEAPHMK. 1 )KepAH AHaMeTpoM
ABa-TpH BepIIIKa, ynoTpe6JISleMble AJISI
B03BeAeHHSI XOJIOAHbIX (HeoTanJIHBae-
MbIX) nocTpoeK. 2 llpeA6aHHHK.
AMEP A3YPA. 1 llepeKpbIToe oTBep-
CTHe B KpenocTHoH CTeHe HJIH 6pycm-
Bepe, npeAHa3HaqeHHOe AJISI CTpeJIb6bI.
2 llpoeM, pacIIIHpSIIOrn;HHCSI BHYTPb
nOMern;eHHSI.
3JIeMeHTbI pa6oTalOT Ha C)!(aTHe, a
HaKJIOHHble - Ha paCTSI)!(eHMe.
AMOCOBA KAJIOPMtf>EP. OTonH-
TeJIbHaH CHCTeMa, B KOTOPOH ropSlqHi1
AbIM, BblHASI H3 6opoea, pacrrpeAeJISleTCSI
rro MeTaJIJIHQeCKMM Tpy6aM, pacnoJIo-
)!(eHHblM B HeCKOJIbKO PSIAOB AJISI OTAaQH
TerrJIa B pa3Hble nOMern;eHHH, rrOCJIe
Qero YXOAMT Hap~y Qepe3 o6rn;ylO
AbIMOBYIO TPy6y.

AMBOH. 1 Bblcryrr CO.!leu nepeA cpeA- AMllEJIhHhIE P ACTEHII5I. BblO-

AJIhllMHAPMM (=aJIbnMHCKMH ca-
AMK, aJIbnMHeTYM). qacTb rrapKa MJIM
caAa, oTBeAeHHaSl AJISI Bblparn;MBaHMSI
BbICOKOroPHbIX pacTeHMH Ha MCKyC-
CTBeHHblX ropKax M3 KaMHeH.
AJIh CEKKO (=aJIbCeKKO, a ceKKO).
)KMBonMcb BOAopacTBopMMbIMM Kpac-
KaMM no CYXOH IIIryKarypKe.
HeH QaCTblO UHOHocmaca. 2 B03BblIIIe- rn;MecSI pacTeHHH AJISI YKpaIIIeHMSI
HMe rrocpeAM u;epKBH, Ha KOTOPOM . caAoBo-napKoBbix coopy)!(eHMH (mpeJlb-
cOBepIIIaeTcSI TOp)!(eCTBeHHoe o6JIaQe- RJ/CU, nep20.!lbl M T. A.).
HMe apxMepeSl.
AMtf>IITEATP. Coopy)!(eHMe C pacrro-
JIO)!(eHMeM MeCT AJISI 3pMTeJIeH MJIM CJIy-
IIIaTeJIeH paBHoMepHo rroBbIllialOIIJ;M-
MHCSI YCTyrraMM, C orn6aHMeM cu;eHbI,
KapeOpbt, apeHbI MJIM TeaTpaJIbHOrO
rrapTepa.

AJIh TAHA. A.!lmmt.

AJIh T AHKA. BeceoKa.

AJIhTAHHASI KPOBJI5I. OqeHb

rrOJIoraSl KpOB.!lR co CKB03HbIM napane-
mOM HJIH 6a.!llOCmpaOou no rrepHMeTpy.
AJIh tf>PECKO, AJIhtf>PECKO. <Ppec-
1(a, a <ppeCKO.
AMAPAHT, AMAPAHTOBO ,UEPE-
BO. KpacHoe oepeeo.
AMEAP. 1 XOJIOAHOe CKJIaACKOe
cTPoeHHe AJISI xpaHeHHSI 3epHoBoro
XJIe6a B aaKpOMax (pe)!(e - MYKH JIH60
AMEPlIKAHCKA5I BhIllIKA. B03Be-
AeHHoe M3 AOCOK nMpaMMAaJIbHOe
BbICOTHoe coopy)!(eHMe AJISI npoTMBorro-
)!(apHOrO Ha6JIIOAeHHSI 3a JIeCHbiM Mac-
CHBOM.
AHAJIOM (=aHaJIOrHH, HaJIOH). BbICO-
KMH Y3KMH CTOJIHK C HaKJIOHHOH BepxHeH
rrJIOCKOCTblO, Ha KOTOpylO KJIaAYT HKO-
BY, KpecT MJIM EBaHreJIMe (AJISI QTeHHH
CTOSl).

AHAHACHA5I rp AHh. llOKpbITMe

HHbIX npoAYKTOB H TOBapoB). 2 Capau
(1) AJISI ceHa, CeHOBaJI (B HOBropoAcKHX
H nCKOBCKHX roBopax). 3 llorpe6.
4 CTpoeHHe AJISI npoM3BoAcTBeHHblx
u;eJIeH (HarrpHMep, KY3HeqHblH A.,
MeJIbHHqHblH A., MOJIOTOBOH A., TO-
qHJIbHbIH A.).
AMEAPKA,UEP. lleppoH AJISI rrocaAKM
B nacca)!(MpcKMe BarOHbI.
AMEPIIKAHCKIIE rOPhI. rOpbt.
u;epKoBHoH 2.!laBbt KBaApaTHbIMM Qe-
AMEPMKAHCKME K03JIhl. llpo- IIIYHKaMM C 6yropKoM B u;eHTpe Ka)!(-
Me)!(YTOQHble YCTOH AepeBSlHHbIX BoeH- Aoro KBaApaTa.
HbIX MOCTOB, rrpeACTaBJISlIOrn;He C060H
BepTHKaJIbHYIO paMY H3 .!leJICHR, cmoeK M
HacaoKu, CKperrJIeHHYIO AJISI )!(eCTKOCTM
KOHCTPYKU;MM HaKJIOHHblMM M ropM30H-
TaJIbHbIMM CXeamKa.MU.
CTPOllIIJIA.
AMEPMKAHCKME
Pa3HoBMAHOCTb rroABecHblx MeTaJIJIM-
QeCKHX cmponU.!l, KorAa BepTMKaJIbHble

-15-
A AHATOMH"IECKHH TEATP - AHTA6nEMEHT 16

AHATOMMqECKI1J1: TEATP. 311:a- )KeHlfe, H HaKJIOHHhIMH 3JIeMeHTaMH, AHKEPHA}l BAJIKA. rOpH30HTaJIh-

HHe HJIH KOMllJIeKC llOMern;eHHH II:JI5I pa60TalOrn;HMH Ha C)KaTHe (Cp.: AMepU- Ha5I MeTaJIJIH'IeCKa5I llOJIOCa, CT5IrHBa-
,IWMOHCTPaU;HOHHOrO BCKPhITH5I TPYllOB ICaHCICUe cmponUJw). IOrn;a51 llPOTHBOllOJIO)KHhle CTeHhI 311:a-
IIepell: CTYlI:eHTaMH-MeIl:HKaMH HJIH Bpa- HH5I H 3aKpenJIeHHa5I Ha HX BHeIIIHHX
'1aMH. nOBepXHOCT5IX aHICepaMU.

AHBEJIOTIA (=CHJIJIOHa). TIPOT5I- AHKEPHhIE KAMHM. BJIOKH -CJIO)K-

)KeHHOe 060pOHHTeJIhHOe cOOpY)KeHHe
3IIOXH rJIall:KOCTBOJIhHOH
HOH KOHcpHrypaIJ;HH, llJIOTHO COeIl:HHeH-
apTHJIJIepWH, HhIe TIIJ;aTeJIhHOH npHTeCKOH II:JIH CO-
AHrmrHCKMM OQAr. QyrYHHaH npOTHBJIeHHH 60JIhIIIHM BHeIIIHHM B03-
rre'lh II:JIH llPHroTOBJIeHHH llHrn;H, COeIl:H- lI:eHCTBHHM (HallpHMep, B /C.IlaoICe Ma-
HeHHa5I C BOII:OrpeHHhlM KOTJIOM. RIC06 (1) HJlII. MOCTOBhIX OllOp).
AHrJIMMCKMM TIAPK. lleUaaJICHblU AHHAJIMT (=rHllcoBhIH 6eToH).
napIC. CMech H3 CHJIhHO 060)K)KeHHOrO rHllCa,

AHrJIMMCKMM TIAPTEP. TIapKo- KpYllHo3epHHcToro lleCKa, rpaBHH H

BhIH napmep, lI:eKOpaTHBHhlH PHCYHOK rn;e6H51, ynoTPe6JI5IBIIIaHCH II:JI5I H3rOTOB-
KOTOpOrO C0311:aeTCH CO'leTaHHeM paCTH- JIeHHH HCKyccTBeHHbIx KaMHeH.

OKpY)KaIOrn;ee BHeIIIHHH 6aJl (1)
IIJIeHH5I C rJIaBHbIMH 6epICaMU H pacllo-
JIO)KeHHOe HellOCpell:CTBeHHo 3a ICoHmp-
aCICapnoM.
AHr A. OPO'lCKHH KOHH'IeCKHH '1YM C
)KeplI:eBhIM KapKacoM, llOKPhIThIH eJIO-
BOH KOPOH HJIH 6epecToH.
AHrEJI rOJIOBhl. PaCIIOJIO)KeHHhIH
B6JIH3H o'lara u;eHTPaJIhHhIH CTOJI6 B
oceTHHCKOM )KIfJIHrn;e.
AHrmU1:CKA}! )l(EJIqh.
KpacKa.
TeJIhHOCTH H IIeCKa.
AHHEJIEThI. 1 YKpaIIIeHHe B BHlJ:e
AH,UPEEBCKMM KPECT. QeThlpeX- BeH'IHKa H3 CJIerKa 3arHYThIX JIHCTheB,
KOHe'lHhIH KpeCT C OIl:HHaKOBhlMH 3aKpbIBaIOrn;ee CICOl{UIO Me)KII:Y nOJIYBa-
yKpe-
JIaMH B ICanume.nu HJlH 6aae ICO.nOHHbl.
HaKJIOHHhlMH KOHu;aMH.
2 PeMeUlICu.
AH,UPEU. 1 CapaH II:JIH COJIOMhl, MHKH-
HbI, ceHa. 2 BOJIhIIIOe 311:aHHe II:JI5I xpaHe-
HHH CHOIIOB P)KH, HMeIOrn;ee BopoTa, B
KOTophle MO)KeT B"heXaTh B03.
AHEMOCKOTI. YCTPOHCTBO II:JIH yc-
JIO)KHeHHhIX Ha6JIIOII:eHHH 3a llepeMe-
HaMH BeTPa: P.nlOzep Ha MeTaJIJIH'IeC-
AHT ABA. MeTaJIJIH'IeCKaH II:BepHaH
KOM IIIeCTe, KOTOPhlH CBH3aH BHYTPH
IIOMeIIJ;eHH5I C cHcTeMoH 3y6'1aThlX PYKoHTKa B BHlI:e ropeJIhecpHoH JIhBHHOH
)l(eJITa51 KOJIeC, IIOBOpa'lHBaIOIIJ;HX cTPeJIKY-YKa-
MacICU C llOBOPOTHhIM KOJIhU;OM B 3y6ax.
3aTeJIh IIepell: KpyroBoH IIIKaJlOH (JIHM-

AHrmn1:CKAA 3EJIEHh. MaJI5IpHa5I 60M) C 3211:eJIeHHHMH (PYM6aMH).

KpacKa ( 06hI'IHO MaCJI5IHa5l), o6pa30- AHKEP (=3au;eII, IIIIIHJIhKa). 1 MeTaJI-

BaHHa5I CMeIIIeHHeM )KeJITOrO KpoHa C JIH'IeCKaSi BCTaBKa 'Iepe3 KOHu;eBYIO npo-
6ep.nuHcICOU z.naaypblO. YUlUHY C6Rau, 3aKpellJI5IIOrn;aH ee llOJIO-
)KeHHe Ha BHeIIIHeH lloBepxHocTH CTe-
AHrJIM"HCKAA KJIA,UKA. BHIJ: KHP-
IIH'IHOH IC.naoICu, IIpH KOTOPOM Ha JIHu;e-
BOH IIoBepxHocTH Ka)KIJ:bIe II:Ba ThI'IKO-
BhIX pHlI:a (CM. Tbt'toIC) pa311:emiIOTCH
II:BYMH HJIH 60JIee JIO)KKOBhIMH ( CM. AHT ABJIEMEHT. rOpH30HTaJIhHaH
JIOJ/COIC). BepXHH5I 'IaCTh OplI:epHOH KOMn03HU;HH,
06bI'IHO nOll:lI:ep)KHBaeMa51 ICO.nOHHaMU
AHrmrHCKA}l YKJIA,UKA. CIIoco6
YCTpoHcTBa ICP06.nU H3 rrpHMoyrOJIhHhlX
IIIHcpepHhlx llJIHTOK, llpH KOTOPOM OHM
Hhl; 'Iarn;e Bcero HMeeT BHII: '1eThlpex-
paCllOJIaraIOTCH BII:OJIh CBeCa ICP06.nU,
rpaHHoro CTep)KH5I C He60JIhIIIHM cxo-
)KlI:eHHeM rpaHeH, pe)Ke - S-06pa3HYIO
HJIH X-06pa3HYIO CPOPMY. 2 KOJIbIIIIeK,
YlI:ep)KHBaIOIIJ;HH ooeJICoy ICpymocmeu

);.~'S\Q,4~
"'-

IIapaJIJIeJIhHbIMH PMaMH C HaIIYCKOM, H

IIIBhl HH)KHerO PMa IIepeKphIBalOTC5I
6nepe6eJICICy IIJIHTKaMH CJIeIl:YIOrn;erO
PMa. Qepe3 IIpHB5I3aHHYIO K HeMY 6Ul{Y (1). JIH60 nu.nRcmpaMU; '1JIeHHTCH CHH3Y
AHrJIMl1:CKME CTPOTIMJIA. )l(e- 3 Ka)KIJ:bIH H3 KOJIheB II:JIHHOH He MeHee BBepx Ha apxumpa6, ppua H ICapHua (B
JIe3Hhle pepMbl C BepTHKaJIhHhlMH II:BYX apUIHH, 3a6HThiH B 3eMJIIO II:JI5I HenOJIHOM BapHaHTe A. apxumpa6 OT-
3JIeMeHTaMH, pa60TaIOIIJ;HMH Ha paCT5I- YKpeIIJIeHHH OOeJICObl ICpymocmeu. CYTcTByeT) .

-16-
A AHTEMIIISI - APAAbI 17

AHTEMIUI. IIaJlbMemma.
AHTECTATIOP. 3eMJHIHOe RJUI fjJa-
IUUlUlOe YKpeIIJIeHHe C 6pycm8epoM,
nepeCeKaJOru;ee 6acmuoH B ero nepe-
j:(HeH '1aCTH.
AHTE<I>HKCbI (=aHTHcpHKChI). YKpa-
IIIeHHe B BHj:(e naJlbMemm, W<aHma JUl60
HHhIX j:(eKopaTHBHhIX ru;HTKOB Haj:( BeH-
nepeKphITHCM, JIH60 BepxHHH nOJlyamaJIC HhIH BhlcTyn nOJIYKpyrJIOH, rpaHeHoH
3j:(aHH5I, BKJIJO'IeHHhIH B ero OCHOBHOH JIn60 CJIO)KHOH CPOpMbI B nJIaHC; 3THM
06'heM. 2 IIo.!lamu (1, 2). 3 Ea.!lKOH- TCPMHHOM nO'lTII Bcerj:(a 0603Ha'laJOTC5I
W.!lepeR BHyTpH BblCOKoro rrOMeru;eHH5I. JIHIIIh a.!lmapHble 06'hCMhI.
4 ):!;onOJIHHTeJIbHhIC nOJIKH HJIH OTj:(C-
JICHHe C j:(Bep~aMH, YCTaHOBJICHHhIC Ha
BCpX IIIKacpa HJIH ceKpemepa.
AHTbl. BhlcTynaJOru;Hc HapY)Ky TOp~hI
BHYTpeHHMx CTeH, pacnOJIO)KCHHhle no
cTopoHaM OT BXOj:(a.

AH <I>EMH5I.. IIa.!lbMemma.

AH<I>HJIA):!;A. HcrrpephIBHhIH p5Ij:( npo-

CTpaHCTBeHHhIX 3JIeMCHTOB (noMcru;e-
HH5I, 080pbl) , 06'hCj:(HHCHHhIX 06ru;CH
OChJO rrcpcnCKTHBbI.

'IalOru;MM KapHU30M 3j:(aHM5I, 06pa3Y- AIlCH):!;HOJIA. Hc60JIhIIIOH nOHH-

JOru;HX pHTMM'IeCKHH p5Ij:( B OCHOBaHHH
CKaTa Kp08JlU.
AHTHKAMOP A. 1 IIpuXOJlcaR, nepej:(-
H5I5I, 8ecmu6lOJlb. 2 KOMHaTa rrepej:(
ayoueHI1-3aJlOM.
AHTMMAKACCAP. KpY)KeBHa5I caJI-
cpeTKa Ha crrHHKe KpeCJIa HJIH AHBaHa.
AHTHMHHC (=aHTHMHcHH). ~eTl'IpeX­
yrOJIhHhIH JIhH5IHOH HJIM IIIeJIKOBbIH
rrJIaT, H306pa)KaJOru;HH rrOJIO)KeHHe XPH-
CTa BO rp06; A., 6e3 KOToporo He
COBepIIIaeTC5I TaHHCTBO eBxapHCTHH,
HaXOj:(HTC5I B rrpaBOCJIaBHOH ~epKBH Ha
npecmOJle H Hepej:(KO YKa3bIBaeT Ha
BpeM5I ee B03Bej:(eHM5I, TaK KaK nepe-
lI:aeTC5I B xpaM rrpH ero OCB5Iru;eHHH.
AH<I>HJIA):!;HA5I. EATAPE5I.. ApTHJI-
JICpHHCKa5I rr03H~H5I C YKphITHeM, C
KOTOPOH npOCMaTpHBaCTC5I CPPOHT KpC-
nOCTHhIX YKpCnJICHHH Ha BCJO j:(JIHHy.
AIlAJIEP. Annape.!lb.
AIlOJIJIOHHOH. K.!la8eCUH C opraH-
HbIMH Tpy6aMH.
AIlO<l>MKA. 1 AIITCKa. 2 IloMcru;cHHc
j:(JI5I xpaHeHH5I MaCJIa, BHHa H HHhIX npo-
AOBOJIhCTBCHHbIX npHnacoB.
AIlIlAPEJIb. 3CMJI5IHOll. naHoyc C
YKJIOHOM OT 1:4 j:(0 1:10, j:(JI5I BTaCKHBa-
HM5I 0PYAHll. Ha 6ap6embl H 8a.!lWHlU, a
TaK)Ke j:(JI5I C006ru;CHH5I PBOB H TpaHIIIew
C OCHOBHOH rroBcpxHOCThJO YKpCrrJICHH5I.
)KCHHhIH BhlcTyn nOJIYKpyrrroH IlJIH rpa-
HCHOH CPOpMbI, rrpHMhIKaJOru;HH K oc-
HOBHOMY 06'heMY 3j:(aHH5I H HC HMCJO-
ru;mf BHyTpH cc65I npecmo.!la.
AIlTEKAPCKHll oropo):!; (=aIITe-
KapcKHH caj:(). 1 Ilocaj:(KH JICKapCTBeH-
HhIX pacTcHHH. 2 EOTaHH'ICCKHH caj:(.
AIlTP A. 5I.ru;HK j:(JI5I CCMCHHhIX Mj:(OJIOB B
aJITaHCKOH KOHH'ICCKOH IOpme.
AIlIIIHHT. A61UHum.
APAEECKA (=apa6ccK, apa6CKa5I
)KHBOrrHCh, apanCKa5I )KHBOrrHCh, rpo-
TCCK, MaBpccKa). IlJIOCKOCTHoH HJIH
TOHKHH JICIIHOH opHaMeHT C O'leHb
CJIO)KHhIM, B OCHOBHOM CHMMCTPH'IHhIM

AHTHIlOPTHK. IIanepmb, npocTpaH-
CTBO KOTOPOH ~eJIHKOM HJIH rrOJIHOCTbJO
OTlI:eJIeHO OT cTyneHeH KOJlOHHaoou.
AHTOBbIll IlOPTHK. IIopmuK C aH-
maMU Ha cpJIaHrax.
AHTOHHEB KPECT (=eBpeHcKHH
KpecT, KpecT «Tay»). <l>Hrypa B BHj:(e
6yKBhI «T».
AHTPECOJIM. 1 BepXH5I5I '1aCTb nOMe-
ru;eHH5I, pa3j:(eJIeHHOrO BHyTpeHHHM
~
"".==m-===
paCTHTCJIbHbIM HJIH rCOMeTpH'IeCKHM
r~' Wj'
.~- "w;;?4 PHCYHKOM, Kyj:(a MoryT 6hITh BnJIeTCHhI
' .' \" /fir/'" . ~~ CPHryPKH JIJOAeH H )KJiBOTHhlX.
\,r:f0k:-. .fffJ AP ABHllCKA5I. APKA. Iloj:(KoBo-
AIlIlJIHKE. H3j:(eJIH5I 113 j:(eIIIeBoro 06pa3Ha51 oj:(Ho~eHTpOBa5I apKa (1) C
MeTaJIJIa (HarrpHMCp, )KCJIe30, MCj:(h, KPHBOH 60JIce nOJIOBHHhI OKPY)KHOCTH.
JIaTYHh), rrOKphIThIC C JIII~CBOH CTOPOHhI
APA):!;bI (=Ha y6cr). illmpo6bl C j:(ByX-
CJIOeM cepc6pa HJIH HHoro ~CHHoro
cTyrreH'IaTbIMH yrJIy6JIeHH5IMH B KHP-
MCTaJIJIa.
nH'IHyJO K.!laoKY.
AIlPOEAIJ,M5I.. YTBCP)Kj:(CHHC apXH-
TeKTypHoro npOCKTa BhICOKonOCTaB-
JICHHbIM JIH~OM.
AIlPOIli (=anpOIlla, onpOIIIa). TpaH-
IIIC5I j:(JI5I CTPCJIKOB.
All CM):!;A (= a6cllj:(a). IlpIIMbIKaJOru;IIH
K OCHOBHOMY 06'hCMY 3j:(aHH5I nOHH)KCH-

-17-
A APAnbiK - APOH-KO.QEW
AP AJIhIK. llOrrepeqHhIe 6aJIKH, rroA-
Aep)J{HBalOrn:He Kp06J1/O KapaqaeBCKO-
ro )J{HJIHrn:a.
AP AH. OTKPbIThIH Ha lO)J{HYIO CTOPOHY
CapaU-HaBeC C IIJIeTeHhIMH CTeHKaMH H
KaMhIIIIOBOH KpbtUleU, rrpeAHa3HaqeH-
HhIH ]:1m! KpyrrHoro poraToro CKOTa Ha
3HMHeM HoraHCKOM rrOCeJIeHHH.
AP AHr A. 1 5IpycHoe coopY)J{eHHe B
6YPHTCKOH ycaob6e, rrpeAHa3HaqeHHOe
AJIH rrpHrOTOBJIeHHH MOJIOqHhIX rrpoAYK-
TOB. 2 B03BbIIIIeHHhIH rrOMOCT, Ha KOTO-
POM B CH6HpH XOPOHHJIH IIIaMaHa JIH60
y6HToro MOJIHHeH.
APAllCKA5I )l(JIIBOllJIICh. Apa6ec-
Ka, Ma6peCKa.
APEA3. MaCCHBHoe
COOpY)J{CHHe B 60raTOH KapaqaCBCKOH
ycaAh6e, 06'be]:lHHHIOrn:ee HCCKOJIhKO
)J{JfJIh!X ]:IOMOB H XJIeBOB, C Bh!XO]:laMH
BHYTph MHoroyrOJIhHOrO 3aMKHYToro
o6opa (2) rrOA MaccHBHoH 3eMJIHHOH
KPbtUleu.
APEA3 KAEAK. KpyrrHhle ABepH IIIM-
pOKoro BXO]:la B ap6a3.
APEAJIET. BOJIH006pa3HhIH crrycK K
Cepe]:lMHe rro HIDKHeMY o6pe3y KOMo):(a.
APEAH. 1 AM6ap. 2 llOABaJI, rrorpe6.
APEOPETYM. JI,eHopapuu.
APEOPHT. 4>aHepHbIe rrJIaCTHHhl,
CKJIeeHHhIe H3 ABYX, Tpex MJIH qeThlpex
JIHCTOB TOHKOH <paHephl, KOTophle pac-
rrOJIO)J{eHhl TaK, qTO B Ka)J{AOM JIHCTe
HarrpaBJIeHHe BOJIOKOH rrcpcrrcHAHKY-
JIHPHO BOJIOKHaM COCe]:lHHX JIHCTOB, H
3TO MeillaeT Kopo6JIeHHIO H pacTpecKH-
BaHMIO.
APEJIJII (=pCJIH). KaqeJIH.
APEOCTJllJIb. KOJlOHHaOa C 60JIhIIIH-
MH uHmepKoJlYMHUR.MU.
APEOTEKTOHJIIKA. B03BeAeHHe
060pOHHTeJIhHhiX YKpeIIJIeHHH.
APJIIEP-KOP. 3aAHMH 3JIeMeHT 3AaHHH
MJIM KOMrrJIeKCa rrocTpoeK (Koprryc,
rrOMern:eHHe, cTeHa).
APKA. 1 KPHBOJIHHeHHOe rrepeKphI-
THe, y KOToporo rrOrrepeqHaH TOJIrn:HHa
KJlaOKU MeHhIIIe, qeM rrpOTH)J{CHHOCTb
18
(B]:IOJIh JIHIIeBOH rroBepxHocTH) rrepc- APKOCOJIJIIM. ApOqHaH HHilla HaA
KphIBaeMoro rrpocTpaHcTBa. 2 llpoe3A C 3axopoHeHHeM.
KPHBOJIHHeHHOH rrepeMhlqKoH. 3 ,[(yro-
06pa3HaH BCTaBKa rrOCpe]:lH KJlaOKU,
rrepepacrrpe]:leJIHlOrn:aH HarpY3KY Ha oc-
HOBaHHe (=pa3zPY3o'-tHaR apKa).
APKMA. PHTMHqeCKMH pH]:I apoK,
orrHpalOrn:HXCH Ha KOJlOHHbt HJIH CTOJI6hI
6e3 rrpMMbIKaHMH K CTeHe.
f~1}~':~::::':::'7::::?>:1:~':":::~ ,~; ;:,::~ ;,:-:::" ~;'-~';~.~
APMATYPA. 1 ,[(cKOpaTHBHaH KOMrro-
~~~ 3Hl[HH H3 rrpC]:IMCTOB BoopY)J{eHHH H
.,-
f-:: BoeHHoro CHapSl)J{eHHH (rJIaBHhIM 06pa-
(~:t 30M ]:IpeBHero), BOrrJIorn:CHHaH B peJIh-
.,'
1-_'
t-'.
,'- e<jJe, MOH}'MeHTaJIhHOH pocrrHcM HJIH
APKAJIblK. OCHOBHaH 6aJIKa Ha
KpbtUle HoraHCKoro ]:IOMa, rrOAAep)J{HBa-
lOrn:aH 06a ec CKaTa.
APKA-CKAMEELJKA. BeceOKa B BH-
Ae mpUYMpaJlbHOu apKU co CKB03HhI-
MH pCIIIeTqaThIMH CTeHKaMH, K KOTO-
phIM rrpHMhIKalOT CHAeHhH.
APKATYP A. PHTMHqCCKHH pSlA apOK,
rrpHJIeralOIIIHX K CTeHe,
M03aHKe. 2 KapKac BHYTPH cKYJIhrrTyp-
HhIX rrpoH3BeAeHHH, H3rOTOBJIeHHhIX
rryTCM JICrrKH H OTJIHBKH, a TaK)J{e
MeTaJIJIHqCCKHe CTep)J{HH BHYTPH )J{CJIC-
APKATYPHO-KOJIOHLJATbIM llO-
306eTOHHhIX 3JICMCHTOB, rrpcrrHTCTBY-
5IC. ApKaTypa Ha KOJlOHHaX,
IOrn:He pacTH)J{cHHIO. 3 KOMrrJICKT 060-
pYAoBaHHH AJIH 3JIeKTpHqeCKOrO OCBe-
rn:eHHH.
APMHJIJIbI. PeMeUlKu.
APMOKAMEHHOE llEPEKPhI-
THE. llJIOCKaH KOHCTPYKIIHH H3 KHpilll-
qCH, rrOCTaBJICHHhIX Ha pe6po, H rrOJIO-
COBoro )J{CJIC3a B ropH30HTaJIhHhIX Ul6ax
KJlaOKu.
APM5IHCKJIIM KAMEHh. BOJl/Oc.
APOMATHJIIIJ;A. Ba30H (2) C MeJI-
APKAY. llPO]:lOJIhHhle 6aJIKH KPbtUlU KHMH oTBepcTHHMH B BepxHeH qaCTH;
KapaqaeBCKOro )J{HJIHrn:a, orrHpalOrn:He- BMcrn:alOrn:HH 6JIarOBOHHSl.
(51 Ha 6peBeHqaThle U{Unl{bt TOPIIOBhIX
(TCH.
APKEYTAH (=yrropHaH apKa). ApKa
( MmaMU (1) Ha pa3Hhlx ypOBHSlX,
II<lKJIOHHO rrepcAalOrn:aH pacrrop c600a
IW BHCIIIHIOIO orropy,
APOH-KO,[(EIII (=apoH-KOH]:IeIII).
CBHrn:eHHhIH KOBqer B cUHazoze, BMern:a-
lOrn:HH CBHTOK TOphI H 06hlqHO YCTa-
-18-
A APOLiHASI cJ)EPMA - AY,QHEHIl-3An 19

HaBJUmaeMbIH Y BOCTO'IHOH CTeHbI Ha APXHTPABHOE IIEPEKPhITHE. ATJIAHThI (=TCJIaMOHbI, TCJIaMCHbI,

B03BbIIIIemHI co cTyrreHbKaMH. BCRKoe rrJIOCKOC rrcpcKpbITHC H3 Il,CJIb- nCpCH,T1CKHC HCBOJIbHHKH, rrcpCHp;bI) .
Horo 6JIOKa. CTaTYH B BHp;e POCTOBbIX MY)KCKHX q,H-
APO'IHA51 <l>EPMA. IIpe,!lHa3Ha'IeH-
HlliI ,!ImI rrepeKpbITHll rrpOJIeTOB CBbIIIIe ryp, nO,T1,T1Cp)KHBaIOIIIHX al-lma6JleMeHm
10 M pa3HOBH,!IHOCTb MeTaJIJIH'IeCKHX JIH60 HHOM apXHTeKTypHbIH BbIcTyrr.

AP'IHBHOJIA. MY3bIKaJIbHbIH HH-

cTpYMeHT, 06"bCP;HHRIOIIIHH B cc6c
cmponUJI, ,!IJIll KOTOPOH xapaKTepHbI
q,opTeIIHaHo H lIIapMaHKY.
II1apHHpHbIe coe,!lHHeHHlI rrpllMOJIHHeH-
HbIX 3JIeMeHTOB rro,!l TyrrbIM yrJIOM. ACAK. OT,!IeJIbHbIH O'Iar C rrJIHTOH P;JISI
IIpHrOTOBJIeHHlI nHIIIH, B 6alIIKHpcKoM
APCEHAJI. 1 3,!1aHHe ,!IJIll H3rOTOBJIe-
Hapop;HoM :lKHJIHIIIC.
HHll H xpaHeHHll BoeHHbIX 3arraCOB
(KpoMe B3pblB'IaTbIX H JIerKO BOCrrJIaMe- A CEKKO. AJlb ceKKO.
HllIOIIIHXCll). 2 XpaHHJIHIIIe cTapHHHoro
ACETh. 'IacTb OBUI-la, OTBC,!ICHHaR ,T1JISI
0py:lKHll H HHbIX rrpe,!lMeTOB, Il,eHHbIX p;mI ATTHK. 1 BbIT5!HYTall rro ropH30HTa-
CyIIIKH CHonOB.
BoeHHOH HCTOpHH. JIH CTCHKa Ha,T1 BCH'IaIOIIIHM KapI-lU30M.
ACIIH,U. (=acIIH,T1HbIH CJIaHCIl"
APTE3HAHCKHM KOJIO,UEU (=ap- 2 (=aTTH'ICCKHH 3Ta)K, aq,HHcKHH
HaCIIHC, SICIIHC). IIpHpOP;HbIH IIIHq,Cp. 3Ta)K). IIOHH:lKCHHbIH BCpXHHH :;lTa)K
Tya3cKHH KOJIOp;eIl" apTyacKHH KOJIO-
2 (=HacnHc, SIcnHc). 5I1IIMa. 3 MpaMop
3p;aHHS! B OpOepl-lblX q,opMax, orpaHH-
,!IeIl,). KOJIop;eIl" B KOTOPOM HCrrOJIb3Y-
(rnaBHbIM 06pa30M TCMHblH). 4 Ccpall
'ICHHbIH CHH3Y Kapl-lU30M.
eTCSI rrpHpop;HbIH Harrop rpYHTOBbIX BOP;
KJIeCBaR KpacKa ,T1JISI MamIpHbIx pa60T, C
CKB03b rrp06ypeHHylO BepTHKaJIbHYIO
H3MeJIb'IeHHblM CJIaHIl,eM B OCHOBC.
CKBa:lKHH)' •
ACCAMEJIEMHA5I. 3aJla (1, 2) BO
APTH <I> HIJ,HAJIhHhIM. HCKYCCTBeH-
oBop~e HJIH P;OMC BCJIbMO:lKH, npC,!IHa3-
HbIH, rrOp;p;eJIbHbIH.
Ha'IeHHall ,!IJIll 6aJIOB H YBeCCJICHHH, a
APTY A3CKHM KOJIO,UEIJ, (;=apTya- TaK:lKe ,!IJIll CB06o,!lHOro o6IIIeHHR ,T1BO-
CKHH KOJIOp;eIl,). Apme3ual-lc/wu KOJlO- pllH (c 1718 rO,!la). ATTHKOBhIM II05lC. HCBblcoKaSI
oe~. CTCHKa no KynoJla HJIH
rrcpHMCTPY
ACCEKYPAHIJ,-KOHTOPA
HHoro 06"bCMa Hap; BCHtJalOIIIHM Kapl-lU-
(=q,eHcp-Ka,T1aCTp). Y'IpC)K,!IeHHc no
APXHBOJIhT. PeJIbeqJHaSI OKaHTOBKa 30M.
CTpaXOBamHO cTpoeHHH OT rro:lKapa.
apO'IHOrO H3rH6a BP;OJIb ero Kpall.
A TTHKOBhIM 51PYC. rJIYXOH RpyC
ACTPArAJI. 1 CBOHCTBCHHbIH opoep- HC3Ha'IHTCJIbHOH BbICOTbI, OT,!ICJICHHbIH
HOU apxHTcKType 06JlOM B BR,T1e nOJly- KapHu30M OT OCHOBHoro. HccYIIl,Cro
8aJla Hap; nOJlO'iKOU, 3aBeplIIaIOIIICH 5!pyca II rrOBTOp5!IOIIl,HH B IIJIaHC cro
OQepTaHM51.

ATTHKypr. JIonamKa, nUJIol-l np5!MO-

yrOJIbHOrO CC'ICHHll.
BblKpyJICKy. 2 BaJlUK Ha CTbIKC CTBOJIa
A TTH'IECKA51 EA3A. Ba3a KO-
KOJlOHHbl HJIH nUJlRCmpbl C KanWrCJIhlO.
JlOl-ll-lbl co CBOHCTBCHHbIM UOI-lU'ieCKO-
APXHEPEMCKHM ,UOM. OqmIl,HaJIb- 3 )[(eM'iYJICl-luK.
My opoepy IIPOq,HJICM, B KOTOPOM ,!IBa
HaSI pe3Hp;eHIl,HSI errHCKorra, apxHemfc-
ACTPAJIHT (=reManmoH, nypny- nOJlY8aJla COC,!IHHSIIOTCS! CKo~ueU.
Korra HJIH MHTpOrrOJIHTa.
pHH). IIPHMCHSIBIIICCCS! B M03aHKax He-
ATTH'IECKHM OP,UEH (=MaJIbIH
APXHTEKTOHHKA. 1 Pacrrpcp;eJIe- rrp03pa'IHOe CTeKJIO nypnypHoro IIBCTa.
'IHH). <l>acap;Ha5! p;CKOpaIl,H5! C O'ICHb
HHe apxHTeKTypHoro p;eKopa B KOM-
ACTPAXAHCKA5I EAJIKA (=HH30- KOPOTKHMH nUJlRCmpaMU, Y KOTOPbIX
rr03HIl,HH rrpoH3Bep;eHHll 30p;'IeCTBa,
BaR 6aJIKa). COCHOBbIH HJIH CJIOBbIH BbICOTa Bccro JIIIllIb B II5!Tb-llICCTb pa3
rrOp;'IepKHBaIOIIIee 3pHTeJIbHYlO Hap;C:lK-
6pyc (1) C ,!IByMs! nJIOCKIIMH rpaHSIMH. 60JIbllIC llIHpHHbI.
HOCTb KOHCTPYKIl,HH, YCTOH'IHBOCTb B
COOTHOllIeHHH HecYIIIHx H HeCOMbIX AC<I>AJIhT (=acq,aJIbp;, rOpHaS! CMOJIa, ATIH'IECKHM 3TA)K. AmmuK (2).
'IaCTeH, rrpO'IHOCTb KapKacHblx Y3JIOB, roPHbIH BOCK, ropHbIH ,!ICroTb, )KH,!IOB-
ATTH'IECKOE YKPAllIEHHE.
BeCOMOCTb OCHOBaHHH H T. p;. 2 HaY'IHall CKaS! CMOJIa, )KH,T10BCKHH KJICH, 3eMJIS!Ha5!
,UCKOpHpoBKa BCPXHCH 'IaCTH KaMUI-lOB
p;HCIl,HrrJIHHa 06 HCrrOJIb30BaHHH 30p;'Ie- cepa, 3CMJI5!HaS! CMOJIa, 3eMJI5!HOH
CKYJIbiiTypOH HJIH apxHTcKTypHbIMH
CTBOM MaTeMaTHKH H MexaHHKH. 3 Teo- p;erOTb, HY,!lCHCKall CMOJIa). BCIIICCTBO,
OpOepl-lblMU 3JICMCHTaMH H3 MpaMopa,
pHSI apxHTcKTypbI KaK HCKYCCTBa. 6JIH3KOC CMOJIaM; IICnOJIb30BaJIOCb P;JIS!
rHilca HJIH ,!IepcBa.
4 ApxHTeKTypa. rH,T1pOH30mIIl,HH H B TBCP,T1bIX P;OPO)KHbIX
IIOKPbITHllX, a TaK)KC P;JIS! npO'IHOrO CIl,C- A ThI,U3 hI -,UY . ,UOM P;JI5! 60JIbllIOH
APXHTP AB. HH:lKHSISI H3 Tpex COCTaB-
IIJICHHR KaMCHHbIX 6JIOKOB. CCMbH B a6a3HHcKoM CCJICHHH.
JIRIOIIIHX al-lma6JleMel-lma, - ero OCHO-
BaHHe, orrHpalOIIIeecll Ha KanUmeJlU, AT EAAMAP C3pr3. 51KYTcKall KOHO- AY,UHEHIJ,-3AJI. 3aJI P;JIR oq,HIl,HaJIb-
JlOnamKU JIH60 Herrocpep;cTBeHHo Ha B5!3b YTHJIHTapHOro (HC KYJIbTOBoro) .HbIX M ,!ICJIOBbIX IIPHCMOB BblCOKono-
CTCHY· Ha3Ha'Iemu[. CTaBJIeHHbIMH ,!IOJI)KHOCTHbIMR JIHIl,aMH.

-19-
A AYKUMOHHASI KAMEPA - ASiT -IO~ 20

AYKll;lIOHHA5I KAMEPA. IIoMc-

~CHl'[C rrpH rOp0;L\CK0l1 ;L\YMC, B KOTOPOM
rrpOH3BO;L\HTCSI rrpO;L\a)l{a ;L\BH)l{HMOro
HMY~CCTBa C rry6JIH'lHbIX TOprOB.

AYJIA. AKTOBbIH 3aJI B YHHBCPCHTCTC

HJIH aKa;L\CMHH.

AYCfEPM5I (=aBCTCpHSI). Tpalcmup C

q,YHK~HSlMH KJIy6a.

A4>AHOP. JIaMnaOHaR ne'tb.

A4>E.IJ:POH. OTXO)l{CC MCCTO, y6opHaSl.

A4>MHCKA5I KOJIOHHA. [JUIlR-

cmpa.
A4>MHCKMH 3TAK AmmuK (2).
JIAMIIA.
JIaMrra-KypHJIbHH~a C rrJIaTHHOBoH crrH-
paJIblO, KOTopaSl B paCKaJICHHOM COCTO-
SlHHH rrOMoraCT HcrrapcHHlO ;L\YXOB, BJIH-
TbIX B pC3cpByap.

AX-AX. BHc3arrHbIH rrpocBcT B rrJIOT-

HOM 3CJICHOM MaCCHBC rrapKa y cro rpa-
HH~bl, OTKPbIBalO~HH rrcpcrrCKTHBHbIH
BH;L\ Ha OKPCCTHOCTH (cp.: BOJI'-tUU CKOK).

AlII YH. qcpHaSl rrOJIOBHHa O;L\HOKaMCp-

Horo 6aIIIKHpcKoro )l{HJIH~a, B KOTOPOH
)l{HJIH )l{CH~HHbI H rOTOBHJIH rrH~.

AlII 5IK (=Ka3aHJIbIK, Ka3aH SlK, Ka-

IIIblSlK SlK). OT;L\CJICHHbIH 3aHaBCCblO
yroJI rrcpc;L\ ycmbeM rrC'lH B 6aIIIKHpcKOM
)l{HJIH~C, rrpc;L\Ha3Ha'lCHHbIH AJISI rrpHro-
TOBJICHHSI rrH~H.

A3P APMH. CrrC~HaJIbHO o6opY;L\OBaH-

HaSl rrJIO~a;L\Ka ;L\JISI rrpHcMa B03;L\YIIIHbIX
BaHH rrO;L\ Ha6JIlO;L\cHHCM Bpa'la.

A3POEAJIKM (=a3pOTCJIa). HarroJI-

HCHHbre ra30M HJIH B03;L\YXOM rH6KHc
HcrrpoHH~acMblc 060JIO'lKH ;L\JISI B03BC-
;L\CHHSl3;L\aHHH, 6aUleH (1), 3JlJlUH208 (2),
MOCTOB H HHbIX cOOPY)l{CHHH, 3arraTCH-
TOBaHHblC POCCHHCKHM HH)I{CHCPOM
M. CYMOBCKHM B 1894 r.
A3POCTATMqECKA5I JIAMIIA.
MaCJISlHaSl JIaMrra, B KOTOPOH C)I{aTbIH
B03;L\YX rrO;L\aCT MaCJIO K CBCTHJIbHHKY·

A3POTEJIA. A3po6aJtKU .

. A5IT-IOH. KyxHSI-ceHu B Horai1cKoM

;L\OMC.

-20-
BABA. 1 CTOSIK C npoyUlU1wu ~JISI Y~MYpTCKaH H3hl'leCKaH MOJIeJIhHSl C o'la- BAHrYIli. 3aHMKa (1,2), OT~aJIeHHhIH
KOJIO~e3Horo )[(ypaBJISI. 2 Ba6Ka. rOM nocpe~H 3eMJISIHOrO nOJIa. xyTOp.

BABAPHA. 5lKYTcKaSi lloBapHSl, O~HO­ BA3. 1 LI.BOp C HaBeCOM ~JIH poraToro BAHLI.AK. 1 TecaHhle ~OCKH TOJI~MHOH
BpeMeHHo CJIY)[(HBillaSi JIeTHHM )[(HJIH- CKOTa. 2 M:napan. B 2,5 ~IORMa ~JIH HaCTHJIKH nOJIOB. 2
~eM. Bap)[(a B OCHOBaHHH nJIaBY'leH BO~HHOH
BA3A. HeBhlcoKoe H, KaK npaBHJIO,
MeJIhHH~hl.
BABHH KYT. CmpRn1WU Kym. npotjJUJlUp08aHHoe OCHOBaHHe nUJlR-
BABHHEll,. 1 3alla~Hhnl H3 Tpex cmpbl, KOJ10HHbl, aHma HJIH cToJI6a, BAHLI.AqHhIE LI.OCKH (=6aH~aIII­
OCHOBHhlX 06beMOB ~epeBSlHHoH ~epKBH 60JIee IIIHpoKoe, '1eM HX CTBOJI. Hhle ~OCKH, 60R~aIIIHhIe ~OCKH, 6apo'l-
Hhle ~OCKH). JI.OCKU (1) TOJI~HHOH B
C ~BYMSI OCSlMH CHMMeTpHH llJIaHa.
llOJITOpa BepIIIKa ~JIH HaCTHJIKH llOJIOB,
2 IIpum80p HJIH KphITaSI 2a.rzepCR xpaMa
MOCTKOB H MOCTOBbIX, - C yKJIa~KOR
(Ha IOro-3all~e POCCHH):
nOllepeK yJIH~bI.
BABKA (=6a6a, K03eJI, cTpeKarro).
BAMLI.AIlIHhIE rB03LI.H (=np06HB-
CTOJI6HK Me~y cmponuJlaMu, KOTO-
Hi;>Ie rB03~H). KpyllHbIe rB03~H, ~JIHHOH
PhlH cBepxy llO~~ep)[(HBaeT nO~BeIIIeH­
OT 13 ~o 20 CM.
H)'IO K HeMY ropH30HTaJIhHYIO 3amRJICKy.
BA3AMEHT (=6a3aMeHTo). 1 BOJIee BAKJIYIlIA. qyrYHHoe KOJIeCO rH~po­
IIIHpoKaH HH)[(HHH '1aCTh nbedecma.rza, CHJIOBOR YCTaHOBKH.
npHMepHO B '1eTBepTh ero BhlCOThI.
2 Ba3a. BAKJIYIlIKA. qeThIpexrpaHHblH ~epe­
BHHHhiH 6pyCOK Ha nOBopOTHOM BaJIy,
BA3AP. 1 TIJIO~a~h B 2Opode (2) HJIH y~apHIO~HR B MaJIeHbKHH KOJIOKOJI,
BArAHA. HaH60JIee TOJICThle CTOJI- 60JIhillOM ceJIe, Ha KOTOpyIO llO yCTa- '1T06bl 06JIer'IHTb caMOKOHTPOJIb 3BO-
6hl, nO~~ep)[(HBaIO~He 6aJIKH KpblUlU B HOBJIeHHhlM ~HSlM Cbe3)[(aJIHCh Kpe-
HapH npII nepe3BOHe.
coopy)[(eHHSIX Kapa'IaeBCKOH ycadb6bl. CThSiHe H3 oKpecTHhlx ceJI - ~JIH TOp-
rOBJIH C MeCTHhlMH )[(HTeJISlMH. 2 BOJIh- BAKYJIh. TIo~beMHble BOPOTa y KOp-
BArET (=6aTO)[(OK, CHypOK, raJICTy- IIIOH ~WW3UH (1) ~JISI TOprOBJIH pa3Ho- dezapduu.
'10K). 1 CbeMHhlH npocpHJIHpOBaHHhIll 06pa3HhlMH TOBapaMH. BAJIABOJIKA. 1 BHcSI'IaSi KHCTO'lKa y
KapHU3 (1) H3 ~epeBa JIH60 npyT ~JISI TKaHH. 2 TIoABecKa y naHUKadUJla.
BA3HJIHKA. 3~aHHe C BhITHHyThlM
nO~BeCKH WpdUH. 2 Pe3HaH HJIH npocpH-
npHMoyrOJIhHHKOM B OCHOBe llJIaHa, pac-
JIHpOBaHHaH ~epeBSlHHaSi nJIaHKa, H3 BAJIAr AH. 1 JIerKoe BpeMeHHoe co-
'1JIeHeHHOe BHYTPH npO~OJIhHhIMH
KOTOPOH ~eJIaIOT paMhl ~ml CTaHKOBhlX opy)[(eHHe Ha SlpMapKe, npe~Ha3Ha'leH­
pH~aMH KOJlOHH HJIH CTOJI60B Ha HetjJbl.
npoH3Be~eHHH HCKYCCTBa. Hoe ~JIH ~HPKOBbIX HJIH TeaTpaJIbHhIX
npe~CTaBJIeHHH JIH60 ~JIH TOprOBJIH H
BArETKA. CocHoBaSi HJIH eJIOBaSI
CKJIa~HpOBaHHH TOBapoB, a TaK)[(e ~JIH
~OCKa (1) TOJI~HHOH 0,5-3 ~IOHMa H
npoH3Bo~cTBeHHblx peMeCJIeHHblX npo-
IIIHPHHOH 1 - 3 ~IOHMa. ~eCCOB. 2 He)[(HJIOe cTPoeHHe ~JIH pa60-
BArJI5l. LI.opora, BhIMo~eHHaH ro- 'lHX HJIH CTOpO)[(eH. 3 JI.J/cue. 4 JIeTHee
pH30HTaJIhHhlMH 6pe8HaMu. )[(HJIH~e KaM'la~arrOB, B03Be~eHHoe Ha
C8aRX H 3aBepIIIeHHoe llHpaMH~aJIbHOR
BArOp. rYCTo-KpaCHbrH ~BeT C CPHO-
Kp08JleU H3 )KepAeii.
JIeTOBhlM OTTeHKOM.
BAJIAKA. MamuL{a (1).
BALI.3hIM KY A. KPhlTaSI Ha ~Ba CKa-
Ta, C npocBeToM no rpe6HIO KP08JlU, BAJIrAY3. Ba.rzbWY3.

21

-21-
Ii IiAnAAXIIIH - IiAPAHblil porA 22

BAJI.IJ:AXMH. 1 <l>HryPHhrii: .n;eKopaTHB- BAJIIOCTPMA. CKB03Hoe orpa)K,L\e- BAHHA. BaRRa.

HhIH HaBec Ha ICOHCOJlRX JIII:60 CTOJI6H- HHe H3 PHTMH'IHO pacnOJIoX{eHHhIX
BAHHOE IIOKPhITME (=6aHH).
<pHrypHhIX CTOJI6HKOB, no.n;.n;epX{HBa-
rpaHeHaH ICP06Jlil C rpyrneBH.n;HhIM CHJly-
rorn;HX nopY'IeHh.
3TOM.
~~~

BAJI5ICMHA. EaJllocmpa (1).

BAH.IJ:EPOJIh. M306paX{eHHe perorn;eH

Kax. 2 Kpecmo6blu C600 Ha 'IeThlpex
TOHKHX KOJIOHKax no.n; yrJIaMH.

BAJIKOH. 1 OrpaX{.n;eHHaH BHCH'IaH

HJIH no.n;IIHpaeMaH cToJI6aMH nJIOrn;a.n;Ka,
MHCH KOHQaMH.
~- ...
B B03.n;yxe TOHKOH JIeHThI C 3arn6arorn;H-

BAH5I. 1 OXOTHH'IhH H36yrnKa y KOMH-

BhlcTynarorn;aH H3 CTeHhI 3.n;aHHH H CBH-
3hIpHH .. 2. EaHHoe nOICpbtmue.
3aHHaH rrpOXO.n;OM C HHTephepoM. 2 BH-
CH'Iee KPhIJIhIIO. 3 KOHroIIIHH Ha 70-150 BEH,IJ;JIEThI. EpyclCu .n;JIH YKparneHHH BAP. CTeHKa .n;JIH rnMHaCTH'IeCKHX
JIorna.n;eii:. ICapHU3a (1). ynp~HeHHii:.

BAJIJIOTMPOBAJIhHMK. IIpHcrro- BAPABAPA (=6apa60p, 6apa60pa).

C06JIeHHe .n;JlH Taii:Horo rOJIOCOBaHHH,
HMerorn;ee BH.n; MHHHaTropHoro rraBHJIh-
OHa Ha TPex nYCTOTeJIhIX TYM6ax, Ky.n;a
BAHETA. EOHem.
JIerKoe .n;epeBIDIHoe cTPoeHHe, rnaJIaIII.
BARK. 1 (=6aHKa). HH3KHii:napanemB
BAPABAH. IJ;HJlHH.n;p HJlH MHororpaH-
060pOHHTeJIhHOM coop~eHHH, He HMe-
HHK, 3aBeprnarorn;Hii: 06'heM 3.n;aHHH H
rorn;HH npOCBeTOB .n;JIH CTpeJIh6hI 060po-
06hI'iHO YBeH'IaRRhrii: ICynOJlOM JIH60
HHrorn;HXCH, KOTOPhIM rrpHXO.n;HTCH BeCTH
2Jla60U.
OroHh rroBepx 6aHICema (CM. Eap6em).
2 Y'Ipe)K,L\eHHe, BhI.n;arorn;ee CCy.n;hI rro.n;
3aJIOr He.n;BHX{HMOrO HMyrn;ecTBa JIH60
HHhIX IIeHHocTeii:, a TaKX{e MeHHrorn;ee
.n;eHhrn Ha BeKCeJIH, aCCHrHaIIHH, 6aH-
KOBCKHe 6HJIeThI.

BAHKA. 1 CKaMhH B 06rn;ecTBeHHoM

'Iepe3 nopmaJZ C 3aBeCOH orrycKaJIH 6aJI-
JIOTHpOBaJIhHhle rnaphl (npaBaH T)'M6!l
OTMe'IeHa Ha.n;nHchro «COrJIaCHhle», JIe-
BaH - «HeCOrJIaCHhIe», cpe~HAA 3a.n;-
HAA - «CyMHHTeJIhHhle»).
BAJIChIK 3M. rJIHH06HTHoe 6arnKHp-
CKoe X{HJIHrn;e.
BAJIhrAY3. 3.n;aHHe HJIH rrOMern;eHHe
.n;JIH Hrphl B MH'I HJIH Ha 6HJIhHp.n;e.
BAJIhKA. MamUl.l,a (1).
BAJIIOCTPA. 1 <l>HrYPHhIH CTOJI6HK B
6aJllocmpaoe. 2 Ka)K,L\hrii: H3 .n;Byx 3aBH-
ThIX BaJIHKOB no 60KaM uOHUtteClCou
ICanumeJlu.
3.n;aHHH, 3aHHMaeMaH orrpe.n;eJIeHHhIMH
JIHIIaMH B COOTBeTCTBHH C 3THKeTOM.
2 KpoBaTh, nOCTeJIh, JIoX{e. 3 EaHK (1).
BAHKET. 1 CTyrreHh y 6pycm6epa
H3HYTpH YKpenJIeHHH, Ha KOTOPYro
BCTaroT COJI.n;aThI .n;JIH CTpeJIh6hI rro oca-
)K,L\arorn;HM. 2 Y3KaH ropH30HTaJIhHaH
rrOJIoca Me)K,L\y OTKOCOM H KpaeM .n;opoX{-
Horo rrOJlOTHa, He rrOKphITaH 6aJIJlaCTOM
(rn;e6HeM, rpaBHeM, rnJIaKOM, rrecKoM).
3 HerrpephIBHhrii: tPYHOa.MeHm BO BCro
.n;JIHHy CTeHhI.
BAHKETKA. He60JIhrnOH JIerKHH
.n;HBaH'IHK 6e3 cnHHKH HJlH aHaJIOrn'IHhIH
CT)'JI C MHrKHM CH.n;eHheM.
BAPAK. BpeMeHHoe HJIH pa360pHoe
coopyX{eHHe H3 OOCOIC (1), xBopoCTa,
KapTOHa HJIH MeTaJIJIa - .n;JIH pa3Mern;e-
HHH COJI.n;aT, pa60'IHX JIH60 3apa3HhIX
60JIhHhIX.
BAP AH. 3aMeHHrorn;HH 6b/OutICy rreq-
HOH npu60p .n;JIH 3aKphIBaHHH .n;hIMOBOH
TPy6hI rrOCJIe OKOH'IaHHH TonKH: Ha
rOpH30HTaJIhHOM CTepx{He 3aKpeIIJIeHa
MeTaJIJIH'Ie'(,KaH IIJIaCTHHa, 3aKphIBa-
rorn;aH HJlH oTKphIBarorn;aH KaHaJI Tpy6hI
rrpH nOBopoTax BHernHeH PYKOHTKH.
BAPAHhM porA. CHMMeTPH'IHOe
3aBeprneHHe HaJIH'IHHKa, HMerorn;ee BH.n;
.n;Byx CIIHpaJIeH, 3aKpY<iHBarorn;HxcH B
CTOPOHY BepTHKaJIhHOH OCH rrpoeMa.

-22-
6 6AP6AKAH - 6AWH5I
BAPBAKAH. 1 A.M.6paaypa (1) WISI
cTPeJIh6hI. 2 BOAOCTOK rro CTeHe. 3 Pa3-
HOBHAHOCTh 6acmuoHa.
HAPBET. CAeJIaHHaSI BR}'TPH yKpeIIJIe-
HHSI 3eMJUIHaSI IiJIom:aAKa AJISI 0pYAHH,
Ct'peJISlIOm:HX rrOBepx 6pycm6epa.
BAPEJIhEcp. CKYJIhrrTYPHoe H306pa-
)KeHHe. C CPOHOM, H3 KOTOPOro cpHryphI
BhICTYIIaIOT He 60JIee qeM HarrOJIOBHHY
CBoero 06'beMa.
BAPEJIhEcpHAH OIIYIIIKA. OrrYIII-
Ka B neU3aJICltOM nap ICe, Ha KpalO KOTO-
pOH OTAeJIhHhIe rpyrrrrhI AepeBheB MH
KycTapHHKa eABa BhIcryrraIOT H3 oc-
HOBHoro MaCCHBa 3eJIeHH.
BApoqHhIE nOCKH. Bauoa'tltbte
OOCICU.
BAPPHEP. Bapbep.
BAPXATHhIE OBOH. BYMa)KHhIe
060H, Y KOTOPhIX rpYHT HJIH PHCYHOK
rroAp~aeT rroBepxHocTH 6apxaTa JIH60
cYKHa, qTO AOCTHraeTCSI HaChIIIKOH
H3MeJIhqeHHOH oKpaweHHoH IIIepCTH Ha
CBe)KeHarreqaTaHHYIO KpacKY.
BAPhEP (=6ephepa, 6appHep). 1 YK-
peIIJIeHHaSI aacma6a Ha rryTH HerrpH-
SlTeJISI. 2 KperrOCTHhIe BopOTa. 3 IDJlaz-
6aYM, pozamICa. 4 IIpoXOA B QeHTpe
paca Ha BXOASlm:eM IIJI~apMe, CJIJ)KHB-
IIIHH AJISI BhlJla30K B CTOPOHY HerrpH-
J;JTeJISI H 3am:Hm:eHHhIH OCTpOKOHeq-
HhIMH KOJIhSlMH B rrOJIOTHHm:ax BOpOT.
5 OrpaAa rrepeA BoeHHhIM MH X03S1H-
CTBeHHhIM 06'beKTOM, HMelOm:aSI BBA
rrepeKJIaAHH rroBepx CTOJI60B. 6 IIpeIISlT-
CTBHe AM JIOIIIaAeH B MalteJICe MH Ha
cKa~ax.
BAC. OTrOpO)KeHHhIB 3arOH C HaBecoM,
rrpeAHa3HaqeHHhIH AJISI 3HMHero cOAep-
)KaHHSI cKOTa, B 3aAHeH qaCTH KpecThSlH-
CKoro ABopa.
BACMEHHAH KO)KA. BhITJ;JR}'TaSI
Ha 60JIBaHKe H THCHeHaSI OpHaMeHTOM
Koxa AJISI 06HBKH CTeH.
BACOH. H3rOTOBJleHHaSI AJIJ;J yKpaIIIe-
HHSI Me6eJIH H opanup060IC y30pHaSI
TeChMa, 6axpOMa, KHCTH, IIIHYPhI H3
JIhHJ;JHOH, A)KYTOBOH MH IlIeJIKOBOH rrpSl-
)I{H, a TaKXe 30JIOThIX HJIH cepe6pSIHhIX
HHTeH.
BACPHJIEB. BapeJibep.
BACT. IJ;BeTHaSI QHHOBKa C OCH060U H3
IIIeJIKa, a ymICoM H3 JIy6a HHAHHCKHX
paCTeHHH.
BACTEH. POltOeJlb.
BACTHJIh8, OTAeJIhHOe KaMeHHoe
YKperrJIeHHe, coeAHHeHHoe TPaHIIIeSIMH
C rroA06HhIMH YKperrJIeHHSlMH.
BACTHOH. MHoroyroJIhHOe (06hIqHO
IISITHrpaHHoe) CPOpTHcpHKaQHoHHoe co-
opJ)KeHHe, BhmBHHYToe rrepeA OCHOB-
HhIM CPPOHTOM 060pOHhI B CTOPOHY rrpo-
THBHHKa H CBSl3aHHoe CTeHaMH JIH60
6aJ10M C ApyrHMH KperrocTHhIMH cooPY-
)KeHHJ;JMH.
BACTPOr. nrem.
BATA METAJIJI (=rrpHHQ-MeTaJIJI).
CBeTJIO-XeJIThIH CITJIaB - pa3HOBBA-
HOCTh JIaryHH C cOAep)KaHHeM QHHKa
45-80%; HCrrOJIh30BaJICSI AJISI H3rOTOB-
JIeHHSI rrOACBeqHHKOB HAp. rrpeAMeToB.
BATAHEIJ;. 06pea1UlR oocICa IIIHPHHOH
He 60JIee ceMH AIOHMOB H AJImIOH OKOJIO
TPex Ca)KeHeH.
BATAHqHHA. ,lJ;JIHHHaSI )KepAh, OTe-
caHH~ Ha qeThIpe rpaHH.
BATAPnA. KaMeHHaSI HJIH 6eToHHaSI
nJlOmUHa rrorrepeK KperroCTHoro pBa -
AJISI C03AaHHSI BOAHOH rrperpaAhI, AJISI
3am:HThI cyxoro pBa OT rrpHTOKa peqHOH
BOAhI H AJISI rrpeCeqeHHSI CBSl3H Me~y
yqaCTKaMH pBa.
EATAPEH (=6aTapea, 6aTeTPHa, 6aT-
Tep, pacKaT, pocKaT). 1 B03BhIIlIeHHaSl
IIJIom:aAKa AJISI YCTaHoBKH Ha HeH 0PY-
-23-
23
AHH, 3a PBOM H 6aJ10M (1).. 2 CHa6)KeH-
Hoe HaBeCOM YKphITHe AJISI apTHJIJIepHH.
EATMAP, BATMAPb. )lrIHHHhIH
Slm:HK C KPhIIIIKOH, HrpaIOIQHH POJIh
rrpMaBKa, PYHoYlCa (1), ICOHUlCa.
BATO)KOK. Bazem.
BATTEP. BamapeR.
BATTEPcpJIHH. CKJIaAHOH CTOJI, xa-
paKTepHhIH AM ropoAcKoro )KMHm:a
cpeAHero AOCTaTKa B POCCHH XIX BeKa.
BATYPA. BhIIIIKa, lCaJlaH'ta, 6aw,HR.
BAY (=MaJI 0PYH). XneB B KapaqaeB-
CKOH ycaob6e.
BAYJI. CYHAYK C AepeBSlHHhIMH CTeH-
KaMH H cKpyrJIeHHhIMH yrJIaMH, HHorAa
06HThm KO)KeH H 06IIIHThIH )KeJIe30M.
BAYPHHK. TOHKaSI )KepAh, rrpH)l{HMa-
lOm:aSI B ICp06J1e KaMhIIlI MH COJIOMY.
BAcpJIAHK. BOJIee HH3KHH, AOrrOJIHH-
TeJIhHhm pJlaHIC, HCrrOJIHSlBIIIHH POJIh
lCaaeMama (1).
BAqErA. 3aropoAKa B 3aroHe AJISI
MeJIKOrO CKOTa.
EAIIIEHHAH KPOBJIH. IDamep.
BAIIIH )pKABhmrAH APBA3.
Ap6aa.
BAIIIJIABA. IJ;epKoBHaSl 2J1a6a.
BAIIIMAK. qyrYHHhIH MH )KeJIe3HhIH
HaKOHeqHHK AepeBSlHHoro KOHCTPYK-
THBHoro 3JIeMeHTa Ha CThIKe qaCTeH, He
CBSl3aHHhIX Me~y C060H )KeCTKHM Kpe-
IIJIeHHeM.
BAIIIHH. 1 CoopyxeHHe C SlBHhIM KOH-
TPacToM Me~y 3HaqHTeJIhHOH BhICOTOH
H He60JIbIIIHM OCHOBaHHeM. 2 BKJIlOqeH-
HhIH B KperrocTHYIO, MOHacThIpcKYIO
MH YCaAe6HYlO orpaAY H BhICTyrralOm:HH
3a ee rroBepxHocTb 06'beM C He60JIb-
6 6AIOl - 6EPmtHCKASI nA3YPb
mHMH npoeMaMH HJIH rJIYXHMH CTeHKa-
MH. 3 3)l;aHHe, npe)l;Ha3Ha'IeHHOe )l;JIX
060pOHhI H BKJIIO'IeHHOe B cHcTeMY
<pOPTH<PHK~OHHhIX coopY}KeHlrn.
BAIOT. CTapHHHax pa3HOBH)l;HOCTh
mKa<pa.
BErM HEBECHhIE. M306pa}KeHHe
He6a C COJIHu;eM, JIYHOH, 3HaKaMH 30)l;Ha-
Ka, 3Be3)l;aMH H nJIaHeTaMH - B pocnHcH
nanaTHhIX nepeKphITHH.
BErYH. BhITXHYToe Me}l{)l;y )l;ByMX
pX)l;aMH umYHmOBbtX cBau npocTpaH-
CTBO, no KOTOPOMY nocTynaeT BO)l;a Ha
KOBmH MeJIhHH'IHOrO KOJIeca.
BErYHEIJ;. rOpH30HTaJIhHhIH y30p H3
TPeyrOJIhHhIX Bna)];HH Ha nOBepxHocTH
CTeHhI, nonepeMeHHo 06paIIJ;eHHhIX
OCTpHeM TO BHH3, TO BBepx.
e
:-::~-·:···:··,c: :.~.'<
,<.'-'-,
';....!" ..,'""'..:-.--;,....
;',v. ,,-..- ...... _.
BErY:W;A5I BOJIHA (=KPHBOJIHHeH-
HhIH MeaH)l;p). IIpOTX}KeHHhIH opHaMeH-
TaJIhHhIH MOTHB, 06'be)l;HHXIOIIJ;HH B Mep-
HOM pHTMe PXll: CnHpaJIeH, HanpaBJIeH-
HhIX B O)l;HY CTOpOHy.
BE,!J;)KEHhI. BpeBeH'IaThle KJIeTKH
BHYTPH ap6aaa, Ha Ka}I{)l;ylO H3 KOTOPhIX
onHpanHCh 'IeThlpe 6aJIKH (B pa3Hhle
CTOpOHhI), nO)l;)l;ep}I{HBaIOIIJ;He KPblUlY
ap6a3a.
BE)KEH. KpyrJIhIH MH npO)l;OJIroBa-
ThIH B nJIaHe HoraHCKHH 3epHOBOH
a.M6ap (1) C o6Ma3aHHhIMH rnHHoH TIJIeT-
HeBhIMH CTeHaMH H KaMhImoBoH Kpbl-
meu.
BE3AHMH, BE3,!J;AHMH. MeaoHuH.
BE3hIMEHKA. /{ocKa (1) TOJIIIJ;HHOH
MeHee BepmKa.
BE3hIM5IHHhIE BPYCh5l. HaCTHJI
Ha)l; BepxHHM UlnYHmOBblM PX)l;OM B
)l;epeBXHHhIX 3aBO)l;CKHX TIJIOTHHax.
24
BEMrEJIhB. )KeJITaX MeJIK03epHHcTax BEJIhrMMCKMM K03EJI. Y CTOH
KpacKa. )l;epeBXHHoro MOCTa, COCTOXlIJ;HH H3 )l;Byx
6pYC'IaThIX TPeHor H nepeKJIa)l;HHhI.
BEMIIIJIOT. ,!J;epeBxHHax HJIH KaMeH-
Hax illJII030Bax nJIOTHHa, peryJIHpy- BEMCKOE CTEKJIO. BhICOKOCOPT-
IOlIJ;ax ypoBeHh BO)l;hI B BO)l;OXpaHHJIHlIJ;e.
Hoe JIHCTOBOe CTeKJIO )l;JIX OKOH, illJIH-
<pOBaHHOe Ha rmffiSlHhIX TIJIHTax; OTJIH-
BEJIA5I BAH5I. ,!J;epeBxHHax 6aux,
'IaeTCX H)l;eaJIhHO POBHOH nOBepXHO-
o6orpeBaeMax ne'IhlO C TPy60H.
CThlO ()l;OnyCTHMax KpHBH3Ha - He
BEJIM BAPHM:QA. COJIeBapUX, B 60JIee 1/350 OT )l;JIHHhI JIHCTa) H np03-
KOTOPOH TonKa YCTpoeHa B BH)l;e ne'IH C pa'IHOCThlO (JIHillh npH HaJIO}KeHHH TPex
Tpy6oH. JIHCTOB B. c. Ha 6eJIYIO 6YMary MO}I{HO
o6Hap~HTh CJIa6hIe }KeJITOBaThIe HJIH
rOJIy6oBaThIe oTTeHKH).
BEPBEPT. PaHHxx pa3HOBH)l;HOCTh
6emOliUmOBbtX IW.MHeU, oco6eHHocTh
KOTOPOH - )l;Ba 60JIhmnx KpyrnhIx
KaHaJIa BHYTPH npxMoyrOJIhHOrO 6JIOKa
H nJIOCKO-cKpyrJIeHHhle BhIeMKH Ha
BEJIM M3BA (=6eJIOKypHax H36a). mbl'tKOBbtX TOpU;ax.
B03Be)l;eHHaX Ha nO)l;KJIeTe U36a (1) C
BEPBA. 1 3eMJIXHax Hachm'b HJIH nJIO-
TPy60H.
THHa, B03Be)l;eHHax Ha 6epery, y BO)l;hI.
BEJIM KA3HA. XpaHMHlIJ;e 6eJIMI B 2 JIaBbl (1), MOCTKH Ha)]; BO)l;OH MH
6oraToM )l;peBHepyccKoM )l;OMe. TonKoH nOBepxHocThlO.
BEJIA5I KOPOBh5l. HeKpameHhIH BEPrAMT. ry6epHcKax KaHIJ;eJIxpHX,
)l;epeBXHHhIH CyH)l;y'IOK. Be)l;aBmM rOpHhIMH H TIJIaBHJIhHhIMH
3aBO)l;aMH.
BEJIA5I TIEqh. IIe'Ih C Tpy60H )l;JIX
OTBO)l;a )l;hIMa. BEPrBJIAY (=roPHM CHHh). 1 ro-
JIy6M KpacKa JIa30peBoro OTl'eHKa.
BEJIM IIOJIOBMHA. qHcTax nOJIO-
2 rOJly6eq.
BHHa U36bl (1), 2OpHuqa.
BEPrBEPK. rOpHhIH 3aBO)l;, PY)l;HHK.
BEJI,!J;EY. TKaHhrn mepCTxHoH noxc,
3aKpeTIJIXIOIIJ;HH nOCpe)l;HHe KyCKH BOH- BEPrrEJIhB (=6eprreJIh6). Oxpa.
JIOKa Ha HOraHCKOH IOpme. BEPrrPMH. CBeTJIO-3eJIeHax KpaCKa.
BEJIE3HhIE PEMHIiI. BeJIhIe peMHH BEPEr. KpaH 6peBeHQaTOrO cpy6a B
)l;JIX npH6HBKH nOJICTH (BOiI:JIOK, Mex) K norpe6ax.
CTeHe.
BEPErOBOM BAJI. HH3KHH 3eMJIX-
BEJIOE )KEJIE30. JIHcToBoe JIY}KeHOe HOH BaJI B)l;OJIh 6epera cy)l;OXO)l;HOro
}KeJIe30 )l;JIX KpOBeJlb, }KeCTh. KaHana, npe)l;OXpaUXIOIIJ;HH OT na)];eHHX B
BO)l;y }KHBOTHhIX, KOTophIe TXHyT cy)l;a
BEJIOE CTEKJIO. AJle6acmpOBoe
Ha 6eQeBe.
CmeKJlO.
BEJIOKYPHA5IM3BA. EeJlaR U36a. BEPErOBOM JIE)KEHh. BeperoBM
onopa )l;epeBXHHoro MOCTa, C)l;eJIaHHM B
BEJIOHO)KKA. Ebl'tOK (1). BH)l;e 6pyca (1), 6peBHa C oTecKoH Ha )l;Ba
KaHTa JIH60 B BH)l;e CTIJIO'IeHHhIX ooeoK
BEJIhI. BTophIe, 'IHCThIe eeHU.
(1) H BocnpHHHMalOlIJ;aX HarpY3KY OT
BEJIhIM ,!J;BOP. KpecThXHcKHH OTKPhI-
KOHU;OB MOCTOBhIX nepeBoouH.
ThIH OBOP (1) 6e3 HaBeCOB.
BEP)KEPKA. rJIy6oKoe MXrKoe Kpe-
BEJIhIM KAMEHh. Pa3HoBH)l;HOCTh
CJIO Ha HH3KHX HO}I{Kax.
H3BeCTHXKa, HCnOJIh3yeMax B apXHTeK-
Type )l;JIX KJlaOKU CTeH HJIH BKJIIO'IaeMaX
B KHpnH'IHylO KJIa)l;Ky )l;JIX YCHJIeHHX
npO'IHOCTH JIH60 B BH)l;e )l;eKOpaTHBHhIX
3JIeMeHTOB.
BEJIhBE,!J;EP. 1 Kpyrnax MH rpaHe-
Hax Ha)l;cTPoHKa C npoeMaMH, 3aBepm'a-
IOlIJ;ax yCa)];e6HhIH )l;OM MH oeo6HRK H
n03BOJIXlOll~M o603peBaTh oKpecTHo-
CTH. 2 Ca)];oBo-napKoBhIH naBUJlbOH HJIH
6eceoKa B B03BhlmeHHoH qaCTH yca)l;e6- BEPJIMHCKAA JIA3YPh (=6epJIH-
Horo JIH60 )l;BOpu;oBoro aHcaM6mI. Hep 6JIay, napH}KCKaX JIa3yph, MMOPH-
-24-
6 6EPnor - 6nOKrAY3
eBaH CHHh). CHHHH KpaCKa HHTeHCHB-
Horo 'IHCTOrO U;BeTa, C CHHepo,qHCThIM
)KeJIe30M B OCHOBe.
EEPJIOr, EEPJIOrA. COJIOMeHHM
rro,qCTllJIKa ,qJIH rrOCTeJIH.
EEPMA. Y cTyrr rrepe,q 6pycm8epO,M,
Me)K)l;Y pBOM H BHeIIIHeH rrOBepXHOCThID
CTeH YKperrJIeHHH, ,qJIH rrOBhlIIIeHHH HX
rrpO'lHOCTH.
EEPCO. B03Be,qeHHhIH Ha,q ,qOpOroH B
rrapKe KOPH,qOP C peIIIeT'IaThIMH CTeH-
KaMH H TaKHM )Ke rrepeKphITHeM H3
,qepeBa HJIH MeTaJIJIa, CJIY)KaIu;HH OCHO-
BOH ,qJIH paCTIneJIhHOCTH, KOTopaH
06pa3yeT 31l:eCh CrrJIOillHOH TOHHeJIh
(HHOrll:a C 6eCeOl((1,MU Ha KOHu;ax).
EEPbEP A. Bapbep.
EECE)J,A. 1 CKaMh5!, Ta6ypeTKa, CTYJI,
Kapeopa. 2 06Iu;ecTBeHHaH u36a (2) ,qJIH
cOBMecTHoH pa60ThI. 3 OKpaHHHaH
'IaCTh 2Opooa (2), OTBell:eHHaH ,qJIH rrpo-
)KHBaHHH HHocTpaHu;eB. 4 CHrHaJIhHOe
YCTPOHCTBO Ha 6epery peKH.
EECE)J,KA. 1 He60JIhillOe KphIToe
coopY)KeHHe C KpyrrHhIMH He3aCTeKJIeH-
HhIMH rrpoeMaMH, B rrapKe llJIH Ha
6epery Bo,qoeMa. 2 Be/lb8eOep (1) Hall:
KpOBJIeH 3,qaHHH. 3 He60JIhillaH He)KH-
JIaH rrocTpoHKa C O,qHOH-,qBYMH KOMHaT-
KaMH ,qJIH 3aIu;HThI OT 3HOH H Herroro,qhI B
ca,qy HJIH B JIecy. 4 illaJIaIII, CTOpO)KKa H3
XBopocTa. 5 JIaBKa, CKaMeHKa B ceHHX
HJIH Y BOpOT.
EETAP)J,bI. )J,epeBHHHaH llJIH KaMeHHaH
rrJIOTllHa co Ul/l103a.MU (1), rrOBhlIIIa-
1OIu;aH ypoBeHh BO,qhI Ha Y'IaCTKe peKH.
EETOH. YrrJIOTHeHHaH CMeCh BH)KY-
Iu;ero BeIu;eCTBa, BO,qhI II 3arrOJIHllTeJIeH
(rrecoK, rpaBllH, Iu;e6eHh II T. rr.), B
3aTBep,qeBilieM COCTOHHHH rrOll:06HM
KaMHID C BhICOKHM COrrpOTIfBJIeHHeM
C)KaTHID.
EETOHl1T. TIOPHCThlH 6emoH C HH3-
KOH TerrJIorrpOBOIl:HOCTh1O, COCTaBJIeH-
HhIH H3 rrOpTJIaHIl:-u;eMeHTa, Iu;e6HH,
KHprrn'lHOH MYKH, IIIJIaKOB, FI3rapHHhI.
EETOHl1TOBbIE KAMHl1 (=6eToH-
Hhle KaMHll). CTpOllTeJIhHhie 6JIOKH H3
6emoHa HJIH 6emoHuma, HMe1OIu;He '3Ha-
'IHTeJIhHhle reOMeTpH'IeCKH-rrpaBHJIh-
Hhle CKB03Hhle rrycToThI B CBoeM 06'h-
eMe (pa3HoBH,qHOCTH - 6ep6epm, MH-
paKJIh, pOKO).
EETTYHrl1. TIpHrro,qRHTOe Ha,q 8a1l-
zaH2a.MU B03BhlIIIeHHe ,qJIH apTHJIJIe-
PHHCKOH cTPeJIh6hI '1epe3 napanem.
EEJIrEH. XJIeB ,qJIH K03-HOBOTeJIOK B
Kapa'laeBCKOH ycaob6e.
El1EJIO. Ee3,qeJIYIIIKH H3 6POH3hI, ¢ap-
¢opa, CJIOHOBOH KOCTll, CTeKJIa H
T. Il:. - ,qJI5! YKpaIIIeHH5! 3ma:»cepoK,
KaMHHOB, crrHHOK Il:llBaHOB, a TaIOKe
ll:eKOpHpoBKa CTeHhI opY)KlI.eM.
El1)J,E. 1. YMhIBaJIhHHK Ha HO)KKax.
2 CHIl:5!'1aH BaHHa.
El1JIEHb. 513hIK KOJIOKOJIa.
El1JIl1Pl1K. TIO'leTHOe MeCTO B HKYT-
CKOH IOpme (B JIeBOM ymy rrpoTHB Bxo,qa
B Hee).
ERJIO. 1 (=6HJIU;O). MeTaJIJIll'lecKa5!
HJIH ,qepeB5!HHa5! oocKa, Hrpa1OIu;M POJIh
KOJIOKOJIa. 2 KO/lOKO/lbHR. 3 (=rrpH-
TBopHoe 6llJIO). HaU{e/lbHUK (1) rroJIy-
KpyrJIOro HJIH MHoroyrOJIhHOrO ce'le-
HH5!, rrpHKphIBa1OIu;HH CThIK CTBOPOK B
u,apcKux 8pamax.
El1JIb. EHJIJIHapll:.
El1JIbHl1UA. KO/lOKO/lbHR.
El1MA. B03BhlIIIeHlle rrocpe,qll CUHa-
202U, C KOToporo '1HTaIDT CB5!Iu;eHHOe
rrncaHHe.
El1H)J,A)K. Ozu6HaR oopoza.
El1P)KA. 1 3,qaHHe HJIH rrJIOIu;a,qh, r,qe
C06HPaJIHCh KyrrU;hI ,qJI5! TOproBhIX c,qe-
JIOK. 2 MecTo HaHMa pa60THHKOB.
3 CToSlHKa H3B03'IHKOB, C RC/lR,MU ,qJISl
-25-
25
JIOIlIa,qeH. 4 TOproBM rrpHcTaHh, 'l'Opro-
BaH IIJIOIu;a,qh, phIHOK.
El1CKBl1T. <I>ap¢opoBoe H3,qeJIHe, He
rrOKphIToe rJIa3yphID II 060)K)KeHHOe
O,qHH-,qBa pa3a IIpH TeMliepaType 06-
)Imra rJIa3ypH, 'ITO rrpH,qaeT MaTOBOH
rrOBepXHOCTH TaKoro H3,qeJIHH JIerKHH
6JIecK.
El1THbU'1:. l13roTOBJIeHHhIH C rro-
MOIu;h1O 6HTMI, 'IeKaHKH.
El1Tb. O'leHh TOHKaSl IIJIOCKa5! HJIH
KpyrJIM rrpOBOJIOKa ,qJI5! BhIIIIHBaHH5!
(HHor,qa ,qo Ha'laJIa pa60ThI HaBHBaeTCH
Ha IIIeJIK) , HCrrOJIh3yeTC5! B Me6eJIhHhIX
TKaH5!X.
El1Tbl1 '1ACbI. Boe8ble 'taCbl.
El1<I>OPl1ll. )J,Ba o,qHHaKoBhlx Y3KllX
apO'lHhIX IIpoeMa, 06'he,qHHeHHhIX 06-
Iu;eH apKou 06paMJIeHH5!.
EJIArOBECTHl1K (;=60JIhillOH KOJIO-
KOJI). KpyrrHhIH KOJIOKOJI C O'leHh HH3-
KHM perHCTpOM 3BY'laHH5!, Hrpa1OIu;HH
rJIaBHYID POJIh rrpH 6JIarOBecTe.
EJIArOPO)J,HOE COEP AHl1E. )J,BO-
PHHCKHH KJIy6.
EJIArOPO)J,HbIll TIAHCl10H. l1H-
TepHaT rrpH YHHBepcllTeTe HJIH rHMHa-
3HH, 3aKphIToe Y'le6Hoe 3aBe,qeHHe ,qJI5!
ll:eTeH Il:BOP5!H.
EJIAH)KEBbIll. )KeJITOBaTO-6eJIhIH,
TeJIeCHhIX TOHOB.
EJIAH-<I>l1KC. IIocmoRHHble 6eAU/la.
EJIA<I>OH. II/lapoH.
EJIE3l1P. 3epKaJlO (5) 2O/l/laT-tOCKOU
ne'tu, BhIJIO)KeHHOe 3arro,qJIHU;0 co CTe-
HOH o,qHoro rrOMeIu;eHH5!, Tor,qa KaK
TorrKa BhIX0Il:HT B Il:pyroe rroMeIu;eHlle.
EJIEH)J,A, EJIEH)J,YHr. lllaHoeJlbep.
EJIECTA. KOJIhU;O, rrpHKperrJIeHHOe K
MeTaJIJInqeCKOH rrJIaCTHHe Ha rrOJIOT-
HHIu;e BOpOT.
EJIl1H)J,A)K. <I>opTH¢HKau;noHHoe YK-
phITHe rrpoTHB HaBeCHoro 06CTpeJIa.
EJIOK-EATAPE51 (=6JIOK6aTape5!).
TIOIl:BH)KHM ,qepeB5!HHM 6aTape5! ,qJI5!
He60JIhIIIllX Opy,qllH, YCTaHOBJIeHHaH Ha
KaTKax, rrJIOTaX HJIH cy,qax.
EJIOKrAY3. OKpY)KeHHOe 3eMJIHHOH
HaChIIIhID He60JIhillOe 060c06JIeHHOe
YKperrJIeHHe B BHll:e ll:epeB5!HHOrO HJIll
s snOKWMn - sonbwoA BAn 26

KaMcHHoro ;O:OMa co MHO}KCCTBOM BOf;LJ;OHH-XAJIfA. IIapa;n:HbIc BOpO- BOllHHQA. IIpocM ;O:IDl CTpcJIb6bI.
fLM6paayp (1), rrpucnOC06JICHHOC K 060- Ta Ha IO}KHOH CTOPOHC 6y;n:;O:uHCKOro
MOHaCTblpSI.

BOfEMCKA5I 3EMJI5I (=3CJICHaSI

3CMJISI). 3CJICHaSI MUHCPaJIbHaSI KpaCKa.

BorOYrO;LJ;HbIE 3ABE;LJ;EHH.H.
qaCTHbIC UJIU 06~CCTBCHHbIC 6JIaroTBo-
PHTCJIbHbiC yqpC}K):ICHUSl ;O:JISI nOMOIQH
--.:..::.:11---
MaJI0HMY~ U HCTPy;n:ocnoc06HbIM: =--
CUPOTCKHC rrpUIOTbI, BOCnHTaTCJIbHbIC
):IOMa, pa60mHbte OOMa, 6ozaoe.ltbHU,
60JIbHHU:bI.

BO;LJ;BA. HH}KHHH BCHCU: cpy6a.

BOEBA5I KAPHH3HHA. BpyCOK,

BJIOKIIIHII (=6JIOKlilllB, 6JIOKlllU<p).
Kopa6JIb, ncpc;O:CJIaHHblH B Ka3apMY UJIU
rrpUlllBapTOBaHHYIO K 6cpcry TlOpbMY (c
B03BC;O:CHUCM KpblW,U, rrpCBpam;CHHCM
nyrnCqHblX nopmo6 B OKHa, YCTaHoBKoH
KHpnHqHblX nCqCH U T. ;0:.).
BJIOHKA. 1 3a;n:BU}KHOH CTaBCHb BOJIO-
KOBOro OKHa. 2 3aCTCKJICHHblH OKOH-
HbIH ncpcnncT. 3 YTcnnUTCJIbHbIH CTa-
BCHb.
BJIOIIIHHQA. 1 APCCTaHTCKOC nOMC-
~CHHC B nOJIHQUH. 2 KfLMeHllblU Mew,OK.
BJI~IOmHH CA;LJ;. JIa6upw-tm.
BJI3K-BAPHHIII (=6mIKBapHHm, ra-
30BaSi CMOJIa). BbICTpOCOXHY~ qCP-
HbIH ac<paJIbTOBbIH JIaK, ynoTPC6JISI-
CMbIH ;O:IDl nOKpbITUSl ;O:CpCBSlHHblX U
}KCJIC3HblX U3;O:CJIuH, ;O:JISI npu;n:aHUSl OM
JIOCHSl~CHCSI nOBcpXHoCTH.
BJIIO;LJ;HHK. IIIKa<pquK UJIU nOJIOqKa
;O:JISI nocY;O:bI.
BJUIKBAPHHIII. BJl3K-6apHUw,.
BOBHK, BOBOqKA. Hc60JIbmOH
COC):IHHSlIOIQHH KOHu;bl .lte:JICHeU B Kpblute
C TCCOM KP06.1tU.
BOJIBAH. 1 CTary». 2 <popMa ):IJI» OT-
BOEBA5I IIJIOmA;LJ;KA. BcpxHnH JIHBKH MCTaJIJIU'iCCKUX U3;n;CJIuH.
yCTyn KpcnOCTHOH CTCHbI co CTOPOHbI
BOJIBAHKA. 1 qCThIpcxrpaHHbIH coc-
060pOHSlIO~UXCSI, KOTOPbIH n03BOJI»CT
HOBhIH 6pyc (1) ;n;JIUHOH 9,12,15 UJIU 18
BCCTH CTPCJIh6y H3HYTPH YKpCnJICHUSl
apIIIUH npH CCqCHHH 5x5 JIH60 4x4
qCPC3 60UHU£(bl B ay6£(ax, 3aBcpma-
BcpmKa. 2 COCHOBOC UJIU CJIOBOC
lO~ux CTCHY, UJIU MC}K):Iy HUMO; 06bJqHO
6pe6Ho ;n;JIUHOH B 3-7 Ca}KCHCH rrpu
UMCCT Bu;n: npOTjJ}KCHHoro xO):la MC}K):IY
nOnCpCqHHKC 4-6 BcpmKoB.
6aw,HJlMu (3), onupalO~crocSi Ha apKU U
orOpO}KCHHOrO ):ICPCB»HHblMO nCpUJIaMH BOJIBEPK. BO.ltb6epK.
nO):l HaBCCOM.
BOJI;LJ;bIPb. By.ltOblpb.
BOEBOE KOJIECO. KOJICCO BO;O:SlHOH
BOJIO}:PICE. ;LJ;BycKaTHhIH OPOqCKuH
MCJIbHUD:bI, Y KOToporo JIOnaCTU no
maJIaIII C 6pCBCH'iaThIM KapKacoM U
KpalO rrpuMbIKalOT K 60KOBOH nOBcpx-
nOKphITHCM U3 CJIOBOH KOphI.
HOCTU.
BOJIOHKA. 1 MaJICHhKOC CTCKJIO B
BOEBbIE qACbI (=6UTbU qaCbI).
ua6e (1).2 OKofl'tufla. 3 CTCKJIO B OKHC.
qacbI, U3;n;aIOIQHC MCJIO;n;U'iHblC y;n;apbI
,UJIU MY3bIKaJIbHbIH 3BOH qCPC3 orrpc;n;c- BOJIOHOK. rOp6bt.ltb.
JICHHblC rrpOMC}KYTKH BpCMCHH.
BOJIbBEPK (=60JIBCpK). 1 ;LJ;CPCBSlH-
BO)KE;LJ;OMKA. 1 (=y60rHH ;n;OM, HaSI noonopHaR cmeHKa C OTBCCHOH UJIH
}KaJIbHUK). MCCTO B 2Opooe, Ky;o:a OqCHh KPYTOH nOBcpXHoCTblO, npcnuT-
;n;OCTaBJI»JIH TPynLI y6HTbIX UJIH BHC3a- CTBylO~aSI OnOJI3HSlM U OCbJTIjJM 6cpcra.

CTOJIUK C ;O:ByMR CTOHKaMH, KOTOPbIC
no;o:;o:cp}KUBaIOT CmO.lteUlHU£(y, no OqCP-
TaHUSIM noxo~1O Ha 606.
BOBPOBbIH XBOCf. lliOCKaSI 'tepe-
nUl4ll ;O:IDl Kp06e.ltb, no <pOPMC 6JIU3KaSI
BbiTSIHYTOMY rrpSiMOyroJIbHUKY, Y KOTO-
poro KOPOTKaSI cTopoHa, 06pa~cHHaSI K
CBCCY KP06.ltU, W006Pa3HaSI.
BOfA;LJ;EJIbH.H (=60}Kc;o:oMKa). IIpH-
lOT ;O:IDl rrpCCTapCJIbiX H HCTPY):IOCno-
C06HbIX.
nHO yMcpmux Ha yJIuu:c. 2 CTOpO}KKa B
TO:ii: qacm KJIa;n:6~a, mc XOPOHUJIH 3a
06~CCTBCHHbI:ii: CqCT HUlQHX, y6UThIX,
caMoy6uHu: U Haii;n;cHHbIX BHC ;n;OMa
MCPTBhIMH. 3 BOZaOe.ltbHR.
BOXHHUA. 1 MOJIUTBCHHhIH ;n;OM,
U:CPKOBHOC 3;O:aHHC (06hJqHO HCnpaBO-
CJIaBHOC H MaJIhiX pa3McpoB). 2 MOJICH-
HaSI KOMHaTa B ;n;OMC. 3 3aCTCKJICHHhIH
mKa<p, B KOTOPOM BhICTaBJICHhi HKOHhI,
CBSITaSI BO;n;a, naCXaJIhHblC SIii:u:a, Bcp6a U
;n;pyruc npc;O:McThI pCJIUrU03Horo 3Ha-
qCHUSl. 4 lJac06HR, B03BC;n;CHHaSI Ha;n:
MmapeM HCcoxpaHUBmcHcSI U:CPKBU,
Ha;n: pO;n;HUKOM UJIU Ha UHOM MCCTC, rrpo-
CJIhIBmCM KaK CB»TOC, JIH60 Ha;n; MOrH-
JIOH.
BOH. 1 fOPH30HTaJIhHhIH pSI;O: 60UflUl{ B
KpcnoCTHoH CTCHC UJIH 6aw,fle (3).2 P»;n;
rB03):1C:ii: B TCCOBO:ii: 06w,u6Ke, 3a6HThlx
no O;n;HOH JIUHHH.
2 BpeK6amep. KaMCHHaSI npcrpa;n:a ;n;JISI
3aIQHThi MopCKoro 6cpcra OT y;o:apOB
BOJIH.
BOJIbMAHOB KHPIIHq. KpYllHbIC
6JIOKH ;O:IDl KaMcHHo:ii: 1C.ItaOKU CTCH, 06-
JICrqCHHbIC }KCJI06aMU nOJIYKpyrJIOro
ceqCHUSl Ha qCThIPCX MCHbmHX rpaHSlX
U napaJIJICJIbHhlMO D:UJIUH)J;PU'iCCKHMU
KaHaJIaMU ;n;Byx ;n;uaMcTPoB qCPC3 Mac-
CUB 6JIOKa; H306pCTCH B 1870-c -rr.
U3BCCTHhIM nCTcp6yprcKHM rrpo<pccco-
POM A. K. BOJIbMaHOM (1805-1887).
BOJIbIIIEMEPHbIH KHPIIHq. 1 Pac-
npOCTpaHCHHhIH B ;n;pCBHCpYCCKOM 30;n;-
qCCTBC KHpTIU'i C pa3McpaMH 7-8x14-
16x28-32 CM. 2 Kupnuq «60JIhmo:ii:
MCPbI» - C pa3McpaMu9x13,5x27 CM,-
UCnOJIh30BaHHbI:ii: B PYCCKOM CTpOHTCJIb-
CTBC 1775-1780-x rr.
BOJIbIIlOH BAIT. OTCCaHHbm Ha
HCCKOJIbKO rpaHc:ii: CocHoBhm UJIH ):Iy60-

-26-
6 60nbWOH rOPoA - 6PAHAMAY3P 27

BbIH KpIDK p;mmoH 6-11 M p;m! CTPOII-
TeJIbCTBa BOP;~HhIX M BeTp~HbIX MeJIb-
HHl\.
BOJIhIIIOM fOPOJ];. BHeIII~ H3
Tpex KOHl\eHTpWlecKHx qaCTeH Kpyn-
HOro p;peBHepyccKoro 2Opooa.
BOJIhIIIOM KOITOKOIT. B.lta208ecm-
HUK.
BOIThIIIOM. OPJ];EP (=KOJIOCCaJIbHbIH
opp;ep). Opp;epHa~ p;eKOpal\~ C KO.!lOH-
HaMU IIJIH nU.!lRCmpaMU Ha BbICOTY TPex
H 60JIee 3TruKeH.
BOIThIIIOM YfOIT. Kpaolblu Y20.!l.
BOJIIOC (=ap~HcKHH KaMeHb). MeJI-
K03epHHcTa~ 2KeJIe3MCTa~ rJIHHa, yno-
Tpe6JI~eMa~ B KaqeCTBe KpacHoH, KO-
pHqHeBOH, 3eJIeHOH HJIH 6eJIOH KpacoK,
a TaK2Ke npM 30JIOqeHIIH.
BOH (=60M, 600M, 6YM, 6YHa)•. 1 I1JIa-
Byqee 3arpa2Kp;eHHe nonepeK peKH JIH60
HHOH npoToKII, Cp;eJIaHHOe H3 OCMOJIeH-
HhIX 60qeK, JIOP;OK, nJIOTOB, 6pe8eH,
KOTopbIe 2KeCTKO CKpenJIeHbI Me2K)J;y
C060H cK06aMH, xOMymaMU IIJIH 60JI-
TaMII M 06'bep;HHeHbI B l\enb co 3BeHb~MH
Ha ~KOp~X. 2 3aKpenJIeHHhIe l\e~MH
p;epeB~HHbIe 6aJIKH Ha nOBepxHocTH
BOP;bI y onopbI MOCTa, 3aIl\HIl\aIOIl\He ee
OT yp;apoB CYP;OB.
BOHBAHK. Pa3HoBHp;HOCTb 6e.!1020
KaMHR, 6JIH3K~ ~qKOBCKOH.
BOHJ];APH5I. MacTepcK~ no H3roTOB-
JIeHHIO 60qeK II p;pyrHx p;epeB~HHbIX
eMKocTeH - YIIIaToB, Be):lep, JIOXaHeH.
BOHET (=6oHe, 6aHeTa, 60HHeT).
I10KpbITHe H3 3eMJIH, MeIIIKOB C 3eMJIeH
HJIH oepHa Ha):l 6pycm6epoM, yrJIaMH
pa6e.!lUH08, KOHmpzapoo6 H T. p;. - ):IJI~
3aIl\HTbl 060pOH~IOIl\MXC~ OT npO):lOJIb-
Horo H 3aTbIJIbHOrO 06CTpeJIa, IIIpan-
HeJIH H OCKOJIKOB.
rpaHIIl\e KOBpa IIJIH 060eB, KaMeHHbIH HOM H nOnepeqHOM CeqeHMHX Op;HOl\eHT-
60PTMK Me2Kp;y MOCTOBOH II TpoTyapoM). pOBble JIH60 Kopo606ble ,l\yrII pa3HbIx
pa,l\HycoB.
BOPOB. fOpH30HTaJIbHbIH HJIH
HaKJIOHHbIH Obt.MOXOO H3 KHpmlqa JIH60
2KeJIe3a (CM. J(bt.M60.!lOK (3).
BOPOBOK. BbInyKJIbIH npOMe2KYToK
BOl.J:El.J:HA5I UEPKOBh. UepKoBHoe
Me2Kp;y .!lOJICKaMU (2) M paK08UHaMU B
H3p;eJI~X KaMeHOTeCOB H pe3qHKoB.
3):\aHlIe, 3aBepIIIeHHoe ,l\BYCKaTHOH
Kp08.!leU KU.!le6UOHOzO CeqeHHH.
BOP03J];A. 1 )KeJI060K Ha KpOBeJIb-
BOl.J:KA. J];BYCKaTHoe nOKpbITHe KU.!le-
HOM Tece, P;JI~ CTOKa BOP;bI. 2 I1poP;OJIro-
6UOH020 CeqeH~, paCIIIlIp~IOII\eeCH Ha):\
BaToe yrny6JIeHMe B CTeHe P;JI~ YCTPOH-
OCHOBaHMeM.
CTBa Obt.MOXOOa, P;JI~ nRmbl c8ooa, P;JI~
npMMhIKaHH~ JIeCTHHl\hI JIH60 KP08.!lU H
T. n. 3 TpaHIIIe~.
BOPOHA. Tepca.
BOPOHKA. CTOp02KKa, KapaYJIbHOe
nOMeIl\eHHe.
BOPCTBEP (=6opcTep, 60pcTq:,ep). BOl.J:KA UEPKOBHA5I. meuKa no):\
Bpycm6ep. l\epKOBHOH Z.!la6ou.
BOPT. 1 (=60PTOBOH KaMeHb). I1pOT~- BOIIIHH. CMecb acq:,aJIbTa M KayqyKa,
2KeHHbIH KaMeHHblH BbIcTyn no rpaHHl\e p;eJIaIOIIIaH KaMeHHYIO KJIa}:\Ky BO,l\oHe-
P;Op02KHOrO nOJIOTHa C TPoTyapoM, ra- npOHHl\aeMoH.
30HOM HJIH BOP;OCTOqHOH KaHaBoH.
2 (=6opTeBoe YX02Kbe, 6opTHoe BP A. HaCTeHHbIH KaHOe.!lR6p C O):\HHM
yX02Kbe). I1aceKa. HJIH HeCKOJIbKHMM pa3BeTBJIeHH~MM.
BOPIIJ,. AKaHm.
BOCAfA. I1opor HoraHcKoH IOpmb/.
BOCA)K. BbInYKJIbIH yqaCTOK CTeHbI.
BOCKET. 1 YqaCTOK pezy.!lRpH020
napKa, orpaHHqeHHbIH co Bcex CTOPOH
nJIOTHOH nocap;KOH KYCTapHHKa H
p;epeBbeB, nO):lCTPM2KKa KOTOPblX C03-
p;aeT H3 3eJIeHH qeTKHe reoMeTPHqeCKHe
BPAKAPH5I. I1oMeIl\eHMe P;JI~ COPTH-
POBKM TOBapoB no KaqeCTBY.
BPAKETC. Y30pH~ 6pOH30B~ KOH-
CO.!lb 6pa, B BH,l\e aKaHm080Z0 3aBMTKa.

BP AMA (= 6paHa). J];eKopHpOBaHHhle

BOHET-KAI10HHP. 06opOHHTeJIb-
Ha~ nocTpoHKa THna KaaeMama BO pBy,
HMeIOIl\a~ 3cKapnHbte CTeHKH H CBH3aH-
HaH nomepHou C BHYTpeHHocTbIO oc-
HOBHoro yKpellJIeHH~.
BOOM. BOH.
BOPJ];IOP. OP;Hopop;Hoe 06paMJIeHHe
3CTeTlfqeCKOrO xapaKTepa (l\BeTOqHaH
rpHp;a no KpaIO zaaOHa, nOJloca 3eMJIH
06'beMbI, nopoH HMIITHpy~ apxHTeKTYPY
C apKaMII H 6aIIIeHKaMH. 2 I1op;qepKHY-
T~ rpynna ,l\epeBbeB, MCKYCCTBeHHaH
pOIl\IIl\a B napKe, OKpY2KeHHa~ nJIOC-
KOCTHbIM zaaoHoM HJIII nOJl~HKoH.
BOCKETHA5I. KOMHaTa B yca):le6HOM
p;OMe, CTeHbl KOTOPOH pacnlIcaHbl no,l\
napKoBble neH3a2KlI.
BOTAnO. 5I3b1K KOJIOKOJIa.
BOl.J:APHhIM CBOJ];. I1epeKpblTlIe
P;BOHKOH KplIBII3HbI Ha):\ npHMoyrOJIb-
BopOTa MOHaCTblpCKOH HJIH l\epKOBHOH
orpap;bI (B IOro-3ana,l\HbIx 06JIaCTHX).
BPAMAHTOBO OKHO. ApOqHOe
OKHO B npHMoyrOJIbHOM 06paMJIeHHH,
3aBepIIIeHHoM caHOpuKoM.
BP AHA. BpaMa.
BPAHA5I TKAHh. I1oxo2Ka~ Ha
KHceIO Y30pqaTaH HJIM KJIe~aTaH pa3pe-
2KeHH~ TKaHb C KpynHbIMM oTBepcTM-
HMH, ynoTpe6JIHeMaH Ha cKaTepTH,
3aHaBeCH, nOJIorn, nooaopbl (1).
BPAHJ];MAY3P. HeMHoro BhIcTyna-
IOIl\a~ Ha,l\ KpOBJIeR rJIyx~ KHpIIMqHaH

BOKpyr Ca):lOBOrO napmepa (1), y30p no HbIM yqaCTKOM, HMeIOIl\ee B npO,l\OJIb- CTeHa Ha CTbIKe CTPoeHMH HJIH BHyTpM

-27-
6 6PAHUEPBEPK - 6PYCOM ~OM
npOTSDKeHHoro 3,qaHIDI, IIpeIIRTCTBy~' BPE<I>OTPO<l>E5L IIpliIOT ,qmI BOCIIll-
IO~aR paCIIpOC'TpaHeHHIO OrHR IIpli TaHll5I CliPOT, IIO,qKH,qhIIlIeH ll,qeTeH 6e,q-
IIO)Kape. HhIX pO,qHTeJIeH.
BPAHUEPBEPK. YC'TpOHCTBO ,qJIR
IIO,qHRTIDI II OrryCKaHliSi KOJIeC BO,q5IHOH
MeJIhHllU;hI, 'IT06hI OHli 3HMOH He BMep-
3aJIli B JIe,q, a JIeTOM MOrJIli ,qeHCTBOBaTh
IIpH pa3HhIX ypOBHRX BO,qhI.
BPATCKASI M3BA. IIOCTpOHKa ,qJIR
CXO,qOK CJI060)KaH.
BP A TCKME KEJIhM. IIoMe~eHH5I, B
KOTOPhIX IIOCT05IHHO )KllByT MOHaXli
O)l;HOH H TOH )Ke 06HTeJIH.
BPATCKME IIAJIAThI. MOHacThlp-
CKllH KOPrryC, B KOTOPOM )KHByT MOHaxll.
BPATCKMll .D,BOP. MecTo gJI5I cxo-
,qOK cJI060)KaH (06hI'IHO PMOM C u;ep-
KOBhIO II KJIa)l;6H~eM, a TaK)Ke coe3J/Ceu
u360u HJIli coe3J/CUM 060pOM).
BPAYHPOT (='IepHh). TeMHo-Kpac-
HruI MeJIK03epHHCTa5I 3eMJIRHa5I KpacKa.
BP A YHIIIBEllr ( = 6paYHIlIBeHrCKa5I
3eJIeHh). MHHepaJIhHaSi 3eJIeHruI KpacKa
(HHor,qa C rOJIy6oBaThIM OTTeHKOM),
113rOTOBJIeHHa5I H3 Me,qHoro KyIIopoca,
MhIIlIh5IKOBOH KHCJIOThI, IIOTaIlIa H
H3BeCTKOBoro MOJIOKa.
BPAYTCKAMEPA (=6pYHU;-KaMepa).
CIIeU;HaJIhHruI KOMHaTa ,qJISI IIepBoH
6pa'IHOH HO'Ili.
BPEBHO. OCBo6o)K,qeHHoe OT cy'IheB II
BeTBeH cpy6JIeHHOe ,qepeBo ,qJIHHOH He
MeHee Tpex Ca)KeHeH II ,qHaMe'TpOM He
MeHee Tpex BepIlIKOB (B JIeCHCThIX MeCT-
HOCTRX CBhIIlIe 'IeTblpex BepIlIKOB),
HCIIOJIb3yeTcR KaK CTpOllTeJIhHhIH MaTe-
PllaJI, a TaK)Ke )l;JIR pa3,qeJIKH Ha 6pyebR
II ooC/CU.
BPE3EH.D,YK (= 6pe3eHT). KpaIlIeHa5I
IIapYCHHa, KOTOPOH BbICTHJIaJIli IIOJIbI B
IIOKORX.
BPEKBATEP. BOAb6epK (2).
BPEKlJM5I. Cu;eMeHTllpOBaHHruI rop-
Ha5I IIopo,qa 113 YrJIOBaThIX 06JIOMKOB C
OC'TphIMH pe6paMll, XOPOIlIO IIo,q,qaIO~a­
RCR IlIJIHcpoBKe H IIOJIHpOBKe IIpH ,qeKO-
paTHBHhIX gOCToHHCTBax (,qJI5I H3rOTOB-
JIeHH5I emoAeulHuu" IIO,qOKOHHbIX IIJIllT,
Ba3 H T. ,q.), a TaK)Ke npll BblCOKOH
)l(apOCTOHKOCTH (,qJI5I KAaoKu ne'IeH).
BPEMEHCKA5I 3EJIEHh. CBeTJIO-
CllH5I5I rpYHTOBruI KpacKa ,qJI5I MaJIRPHhIX
pa60T II )l(HBOIIllCH - CMeCb yrJIeKHCJIOH
Me,qH H rHgpaTa OKllCli Me,qH.
BPEMCBEPr. HaKJIOHHruI IlIaXTa B
ropHhlX pa3pa6oTKax.
BPETh5IHMUA. AM6ap, KJIa,qOBaR.
BPEIIIh-BATAPE5I (=6peIlI6aTape5I).
3eMJI5IHOe YKpenJIeHlle, B03Be,qeHHoe Ha
2Aaeuee KpenocTH npoTHBHllKa, 'IT06hl
npo6HTb apTHJIJIepHHCKllM orHeM
6peIlIb B ee CTeHe.
BPM3YPA (=6PH3yp). M3JIOM, HJIli
H3r1l6 B 6pycm6epe, gJI5I 60JIee y;g06HOH
CTpeJIh6bI.
EPMKCHEHCKASI 3EJIEHh (=IlIBeHH-
cpypTCKa5I 3eJIeHb). MHHepaJIbHruI 3eJIe-
HruI KpacK3 ,qJIR M3JIRpHOrO ,qeJI3 H
oKpacKH 06oes, CMeCh MbIIllh5IKOBO-
KHCJIOH MeAll C YKCYCHO-KJilCJIOH Me,qhIO.
EPMJIJIMAHTMH. IIIepCHIHa5! llJIM
6YMa)KH<l5! TKaHh C aTJIaCHhlM 6JleCKoM.
EPMJIJIMAHTOBA5I lJEPHh. 1-Jcp-
Ha5! KpacKa, ra30Ba5I ca)Ka C BbICOKHM
co,qep)KaHlieM 'IHCTOrO yrJIepoga.
EPMJIhHSI. 3aBegeHlle, r).:(e 6pHJII1, a
TaK)Ke rrycKaJlll KpOBh B Me,qJilU;JilHCKHX
u;eJI5IX.
EPMJIhSlHTOBhU1 PYCT. 1 KAaoKa
113 KpyIIHhlX o,qHHaKOBbIX KaMHeH, y
Ka)K)l;Oro 113 KOTOPhlX JIJilu;eBa5I cTopoHa
1111/11I1I~1111~"f/iI/jI'
OTecaHa Ha 'IeThlpe rpaHli. 2 IIITYKaTYP-
HruI HJIli plicoBaHruI HMllTaU;H5I TaKoH
KJIa,qKll.
BPMTAHCKMll METAJIJI. CHHeBa-
To-6eJIh1H CIIJIaB OJIOBa, I.:(HHKa, Cyph-
MhI II Me,qH (llHor,qa JIHIlIh U;HHKa II
CYPhMhl) ,qJIR H3rOTOBJIeHHSI IIogcBe'IHll-
KOB II HHhlX npegMeToB.
BPOBAPh. IIllBoBapeHHhBl HJIH Me,qo-
BapeHHhIH 3aBO,q.
BPOBKA. 1 .D,eKOpaTllBHruI peJIhecp-
Ha5! apO'IKa Ha,q npoeMoM llJIli HllIlIeH.
2 JIHHll5I nepeCe'IeHH5I OTKOCOB HaChIIIH
C ee ropH30HTaJIhHOH nOBepxHocThIO.
3 KaAe6Ka (1).
BPO.D,EPM (=6pO,qPH, napTep-6po-
APll). IIJIOCKliH 2G301l, YKpaIlIeHHbIH
-28-
28
opHaMeHTOM 113 u:seTOB II «MepTBbIX
MaTepHaJIOB», 06hr'IHO Ha cpoHe rreCKa.
BPO.D,5I:tKKMHO OKOIIIKO. CBOH-
CTBeHHhle cH611PCKliM u36aM He6oJIh-
IlIoe OKHO HJIH HllIlIKa B Hll)l(HeH 'IaCTli
CTeHhI, o6pa~eHHoH Ha yJIllU;y; cIOga
X035IeBa H36hI BhICTaBJIRJIli 'egy )l;JIR
HH~HX H 6erJIhlx.
EPOKATEJIh. TR)I(eJiaR IlIeJIKO-
6YMa)KHa5I TKaHh C KpynHhIM Y30POM,
gJI5I 3aHaBeceH, nOKphIBaJI, 06HBKll
Me6eJIli.
BPOH3A MA.D,:tKEHTA. <l>llOJIeTOBruI
KpacKa.
BPOH30BASI 3EJIEHh. KJIeeBa5I II
MaCJIRHa5I 3eJIeHaSi KpacKa MliHepaJIh-
Horo npOllCXO)KgeHHSI, C KOpH'IHeBbIM
OTTeHKOM - MexaHWleCKa5I CMeCb xpo-
MOBOH )KeJITH, IIapH)KCKOH CllHH H ,qp.
BPOHHMUA. 1 MacTepcKaSi no H3ro-
TOBJleHlllO BoeHHhlX ,qocneXOB. 2 lJacTb
wpooa HJIli nOCeJIOK, r,qe )KHByT opy-
)KeHHllKH.
BPYHU-KAMEPA. BpaymeKaMepa.
BPYC. 1 Bpe61l0 C napaJIJIeJIbHhIMli
oC'TpyraHHbIMH IIJIOCKOCTRMli II o,qllHa-
KOBhIM Ce'IeHlleM Ha Topu;ax. 2 BpeBHo,
IIO KOTOPOMY CJIe,q5IT 3a ypoBHeM BO,qhl y
BOgRHOH MeJIhHHU;hI. 3 IIOJIKa B c1l6HP-
CKOH U36e (1).
BPYCKOBOE :tKEJIE30. IIpo,qoJIro-
BaThle )l(eJIe3Hhle 3arOTOBKH KBa,qpaT-
Horo Ce'IeHH5I co CTOPOHOH OT 1 ,qo 9
,qIOHMOB.
BPYCKOBhIll KMPIIMlJ. IIp5IMO-
yrOJIhHbIH KllpIIll'I, y KOToporo ,qJIHHa
Ka)K)l;OH rpaHH B,qBoe 60JIhIlIe IlIllpHHhI.
EPYCOBhIll JIEC (=KaHToBaHHhIH
JIec, KaHTOBhIH JIec). Bpe6lla, OTecaH-
Hhle JIH60 OnllJIeHHhIe C ,qByX, TPex HJIH
'IeThIpeX CTOPOH AJI5I 60JIee 6hIC'TpOrO
ynoTpe6JIeHllSi B cTpOllTeJIhCTBO H gJI5I
60JIee nJIoTHoH yKJIa,qKH, 'IeMY cnoco6-
cTByeT y,qaJIeHlle Manou;eHHhIX 'IacTeH;
pacnpocTpaHeHHhle pa3HOBH,qHOCTll:
6pye (1), 6aJIKa, umaAa.
BPYCOK. 1 IIpogYKT npo,qoJIhHOH pac-
nllJIOBKH ooeoK Ha 'IaCTli ,qJIliHOH OKOJIO
6,5 M C KBa,qpaTHhIM HJIli rrp5IMoyrOJIh-
HhIM Ce'IeHHeM (OT 5x5 ,qo 7x7 CM),
ynoTpe6JIReMble Ha 06peUlemKy Kpbt-
UlU, napKeT II MeJIKHe no,qeJIKll. 2 PeUle-
mUlla. 3 lleThlpeXrpaHHhIH 6pye (1) C
O):lllHaKoBhIMli ):IJIllHHhIMH nOBepXHOCT5I-
MliumpHHoH MeHee 4 BepIlIKoB. 4 KpaH-
HHH p5I)l; KllpnH'IeH y llIeCTKa ne'IH.
EPYCOM .D,OM. XapaKTepHoe AJIR
KapeJIHH ,qepeB5IHHOe KpecThRHcKoe
)KllJIll~e, o6be,qHHeHHoe Kp06Aeu C
6 6PYC'fATASI MOCTOBASI - 6YHKEP
}WYX'MIPyCHhIM X03IDl.CTBeHHhIM OBOPOM
(2) Ha era npo,qOJIhHOH OCIf.
EPYCQATA5I MOCTOBA5I, EPYC-
QATKA. TBep,qoe ,qopQ)l{Hoe nOKphl-
THe If3 KaMeHHhIX 6pYCKOB, cpOpMa
KOTOPhIX 6JIIf3Ka napaJIJIeJIenIfne,qy npH
He6oJIhllIOM BCTpe'1HOM CKallIHBaHHH
rpaHeH.
EPYCTBEP (=60pCTBep, 60pCTep,
6opCTcpep, 3aTKaHIfe, napaneT). 3eMJISI-
HaS!, 6peBeH'1aTaS! HJIH KaMeHHaSl npe-
rpa,qa B BH,qe BaJIa Tpane~MeBH,qHoro
Ce'1eHIfS! - ,qJISI 3a~IfThI 060POHSlIO-
~MXCSI B KpenOCTH IfJIH TpaHllIee OT
BCTpe'1Horo 06CTpeJIa.
EPYCTBEP MOJIA. CTeHa BhICOTOR
OKOJIO 2 M Y caMara KpaSl MOJIa, 3a~If­
~aIO~aS! ero OT BO,qhI; MHOr)W o,qHOBpe-
MeHHO no,q,qep~BaeT HaBec Ha,q CKJIa-
,qOM TOBapOB.
EPbIHKA. rOpH30HTaJIhHhIR H3JIOM Ha
CThIKe Me)K}J;Y CTBopKaMIf ,qBepM HJIH
OKHa, 3ar~H~alO~IfH aT CKB03HS1KOB.
EYAJIO. BhIT5IHYToe no ropH30HTaJIIf
np5IMoyrOJIbHOe OKHo-cpoHapb C BepTM-
KaJIbHbIM OCTeKJIeHeHMeM, Ha,q KpOBJIeR
npOMbIIlIJIeHHOrO ~exa.
EyrEJIb. 1 KOJIb~O M3 nOJIOCOBOro
)KeJIe3a, 3a~M~aIO~ee npM 3a6HBaHMM
BepXHIfH KOHen; CBau. 2 LKCJIC3HaS! 3aMK-
HYTaSl nOJIOca, OXBaTbIBaIO~aS! pSl)1;
3a6IfTbIX cBau (HanpIfMcp, O,qMH 6yrCJIb
Ha nOJICOTHM cBaH). . no cpaMMJIHH aBCTpHH:CKoro xy,qO)KHIfKa
Eyrp A. 3CMJISlHKa PbI60JIOBOB M OXOT-
HIfKOB.
EY.D:A. 1 .D:PCBHCPYCCKMH ,qCPCBSlHHbIH
CKJlen. 2 IIocTpoRKa (B rOBopax IOro-
3ana,qHoH POCCIfM). 3 JIccHaSl nocTpoH-
Ka, B KOTOPOR rOHSlT CMOJIY HJIIf ,qerOTb.
EY.D:KA. 1 Hc60JIhllIOC JICrKOC cooPY-
)KCHHe ,qJISI '1aCOBOro, KapaYJIbHOrO HJIH
CTPCJIO'1HHKa, PSl,qOM C cro nOCTOM.
2 060c06JIeHHaS! ToproBmI JIaBKa Ha
YJIMn;e, ,qJI5I npo,qa)KIf 6YJIOK, cyxapeH,
Ta6aKa. 3 He60JIbllIOC cOOpY)KCHIfC B
BM)1;e ,qOMHKa.
EY.D:KA BOEHHA5I. BbIHeceHHaSl Ha
KPOHIlITcRHax KaMeHHa5I 6allIcHKa ,qJI5I
'1aCOBOro, npH H3JIOMC KpcnOCTHOH:
CT~HbI - ,qJI5I JIY'111ICrO 0630pa.
EY.D:KOIO OKHO. l'/JoHapeM OKHO.
EY.D:HbIM MAM.D:AH (=6y,qHhIH
CTaH). IIOTallIHhIH 3aBOA.
EY.D:YAP. 113hlcKaHHO y6paHHa5I KOM-
HaTa CBCTCKOH ,qaMhI, npc,qHa3Ha'1CHHaS!
,qJI5I OT,qbIxa, TYaJIeTa, a TaK)Ke npHeMa
6JIIf3KHX H 3HaKOMhIX.
EYEBO. KJIa)1;6If~e (B OJIOHe~KIfX
rOBopax).
EYM. 1 06HeceHHoe orpa,qoR MeCTO
OKOJIO n;epKBIf, KJIa,q6If~c npM n;epKBM
(B nCKOBCKMX H TBepCKMX rOBopax).
2 B)1;eJIaHHbIH: B cTeHY )KeJIe3HbIR rrpYT,
K KOTOPOMY rrpHKOBbIBaJIH apecTaHToB.
EYKET. 1 He6oJIbllIaS! HCKyccTBeHHaSl
pO~H~a B rrapKe, COCTaBJIeHHaSl H3
6JIM3KO rrOCa)KCHHhIX ,qcpeBbcB. 2 JKu-
paHOOJlb.
EYKETHA5I IIOCA.D:KA. IIoca,qKa
HeCKOJIbKMX Ca)KCH~CB B OAHO rHe3)1;O,
C03,qalO~aSl KOMrraKTHble rpyrrrrbI
,qepcBbeB B neU3a:JICHOM napKe.
EYKETbI MAKAPTA (=MaKapToBbI
6YKeThI). KOMrro3Ifn;MM If3 HCKYCCTBeH-
HbIX n;BeTOB, pacrrpocTpaHeHHble B HH-
TCPbepax BTOpOH: rrOJIOBHHbI XIX B., -
r. MaKKapTa (1840-1884).
EYKPAHI1M. .D:eKopaTHBHhIH MOTIfB
6apeJlbecjJoB B BH,qe 6hI'1hCrO '1epcrra,
06bI'1HO OKPY)KCHHOrO ZUPJlRHOaMU,
n;BCTaMIf, CPPYKTaMH.
EYJIABQATAA MATEPI15I. IIICJIKO-
Bill!, 6YMa)KHaS!, IlICpCT5IHa5I HJIH JIhHSl-
HaSl TKaHb C '1aCThIMH, pcryJISlpHO pac-
-29-
29
rrOJIO)KeHHbIMH 6yropKaMH Hano,q06He
6YJIaB0'1HbIX rOJIOBOK.
EYJIrAH. Eyp5ITCKOe 6peBeH'1aTOe
)KHJI~C C KapKaCHoH OCHOBOH.
EYJI.D:bIPb (=60JI,qblpb). IIJIOXO no-
cTpoeHHhIR )1;OM B cTopoHe OT ,qpyrHX
coopY)KeHHH:.
EYJIEBAP (=6YJIeBap,q, 6YJIBap, 6yJIe-
BCp), 1 3eMJISlHOH: 060pOHHTeJIbHbUf
BaJl, MaCCIfB 6acmuoHa IfJIH Kypmwlbl
(3), OT,qeJIhHOe 3eMJI5IHOe YKpenJIeHHe,
coe,qIfHeHHoe TPaHllIe5IMIf C no,qo6HbIMIf
CMy. 2 ByJlb6ap. 3 MCCTO pa3BJIe'1eHIfH:.
EYJIEB KOJIO.D:E3b. MIfHHhUf KOJlO-
oe~ (2) ,qJISI B3phIBaHH5I rro,q3eMHhIX
zaJtepeu (2) KpenOCTfI.
EYJIEHrpI1H. <l>parMcHT pezyJlRp-
HOW napKa, IfMeIO~IfH: BH,q W3'lHa C
n;BeTHHKaMIf HJIH He60JIhllIHMIf npy)1;a-
MIf, KOTOPhIH pacnOJIaraeTC5I HIf)Ke npIf-
JIeraIO~HX ,qopO)KeK.
EYJIblr A, EYJIbILKHI1K. He6oJIh-
IlIHe BaJIYHhI, oKpyrJIhle KaMHM TBep,qhIx
rropo,q, yrroTpe6JI5IeMble ,qJIH BbICTHJIKM
MOCTOBbIX, a TaK)Ke B Ka'1eCTBe 6yma
(2), HHOr):(a - 3a6ymoBKu.
EYJIb. TCXHHKa xy,qO)KeCTBeHHOH: OT-
,qeJIKH Me6eJIH, HCrrOJIh3yIO~a5I '1ep-
Hoe ll:epeBO If 6pOH3Y, rJIall:KHe rrOBepx-
HOCTIf KOTOPhIX YKpallIaJIIfCh UHKpyC-
ma~ueu H3 '1epenaXIf, rrepJIaMYTpa,
rrO)1;KpaIIIeHHOH: KOCTIf H T. )1;.; H306pe-
TeHa BO BTOPOR rrOJIOBHHC XVII B.
cppaHn;Y3CKHM MaCTcpOM xy,qO)KeCTBeH-
HOH: Mc6CJIH H )1;eKOpaTopOM A. III. Ey-
JIeM (1642-1732).
EYJIbBAP (=6yJIeBap). IIporYJIo'1HaS!
Il:opora MC)K}J;y p5Ill:aMM nOCa)KCHHhIX
)1;CPCBbCB, pHTM KOTOPhIX O~BJIHIOT
n;BCTHIfKM, He60JIbllIHC BOIl:OCMhI, CPOH-
TaHhI, cKYJIhrrTypa.
EYM. BOH.
E YMALKHI1K. XJIon'1aT06YMa)KHhIH
MaTpac (cTeraHhIH TIOcpSlK).
EYMEA. 3aBcpllIcHHaSl MHoroSlpyc-
HhIM KOHYCOM BhIIIYKJIaSl CPCIl:H5IH '1aCTh
cy6ypwHa, B KOTOPOH: HaxOIl:HTCSI 6YIl:-
)1;HH:CKHC pYKonHcH, MO~H M Il:parO~cH­
HOCTM.
EYHA. 1 (=TPaBcpc, nOJIy3anpy)1;a).l1c-
KYCcTBcHHaH rrpcrpa)1;a, BhIIl:BHHYTaSl B
peKy OT 6epcra Il:JIH ero 3a~IfThI OT
pa3MhIBa. 2 BOH.
EYHKEP. CaMopa3rpy)KaIO~CCCSI xpa-
HMJIM~C cbmy'1HX MaTCpHaJIOB, HH)KHH5I
'1aCTb KOTOPOro MMCCT BIf,q onpoKHHy-
TOH: rrMpaMIfll:hI C BhIrryCKHhIM OTBep-
CTHCM Ha BcpllIHHe.
6 SYHT - SIOCT 30

BYHT. Pac:umpeHHhlH no KpasIM 060;I\ BYTOBA5I KJIMKA. Krra;I\Ka H3 npH- BYI.1;Y,ll;3H. XpaM co cTaTyeH BY;LIAhI,
H3pa3n;OBOH PYMnbl. P0;I\HbIX KaMHeH HenpaBHJIbHOH !fJ0PMbI. B03Be;LIeHHbm Ha rJIaBHOH OCH ;LI33H-6y;o;-
;I\HHCKOrO aHcaM6JIg.
BYPA AJIAChIK (=6ypaMa). He HMe-
IOIIJ;HH OKOH O;I\HOKaMepHbm cpy6 C BYHH. 1 IIpHCTaHb C a.M6apa.Mu ;I\M
nOJIoroH KpblUleu, JIeTHee }KHJlHlIJ;e neHbKH, JIbHa, CaJIa H Maena, nepeB03H-
IO)KHOYPaJIbCKHX 6awKHp. MbIX no BO;I\e. 2 Ba3apHag llJIOlIJ;a;LIb.
BYPABJIEHhIM KOJIO,ll;EU;. Apme- BhIK. 1 IIpoMe.:lK)'To'lHag onopa MOCTa.
auaHcKuu KO.llOOel{. 2 ,ll;epeBmHbm HJIH KaMeHHbm KOHmp-
rjJopc. 3 CTPOllHJIbHag HOra (HaKJIOH-
BYPAK. 1 IImlc H3 KpOBeJIbHoro :lKe- BYTOBhIM KAMEHh. CJIOHCTbIH Hag onopa KP08.llU). 4 BamapeR (1).
JIe3a, ;I\Jlg O;I\HOro gpyca KpyrJIOH ne'lH. npHpO;I\Hbm KaMeHb, a TaK:lKe 6YJIbI:lK- 5 Ka:lK;I\ag H3 rJIaBHbIX CTeH ;LIOMHbI.
2 CeKpeTHag O;I\HHO'lHag KaMepa B HHK H lIJ;e6eHb, ynoTpe6JIgeMbIe ;o;JIg
BhICTPOTOK. rH;IlpOTeXHH'leCKOe co-
TlOpbMe. 3 CneIJ;HaJIbHag TPy6Ka ;I\JIg 6yma.
0pY:lKeHHe B BHAe HaKJIOHHOrO JIOTKa
!fJeHepBepKoB, Ha'lHHeHHag roplO'lHM
BYTOBhIM cI>YH,ll;AMEHT. q,YHoa- AM 6bICTPOH nepe6pOCKH BO;LIbI (BO
COCTaBOM C XJIOnYWKaMH H n;seTHhlMH
MeHm, OCHOBY KOToporo COCTaBJIglOT H36e:lKaHHe 3aHOCOB) H3 BepXHero
3Be3;I\aMH.
KpynHbIe (;0;0 nOJIYMeTpa B nOnepe'lHH- BO;LIoeMa B HH)KHHH.
BYPAMA. Bypa a.aaCbIK. Ke) HepOBHble KyCKH KaMHH, - rJIaB-
BhJqHM rJIA3. rOpH30HTaJIbHOe HJIH
HbIM 06pa30M H3BeCTHHKa, neC'IaHHKa,
BYPET. IIIeJIKOBag TKaHb;I\M Me6eJIH. BepTHKaJIbHOe OBaJIbHOe OKRO.
;LIOJIOMHTa.
BYPCA. 1 MY:lKCKOe ;I\YXoBHoe Y'lH- BhIqOK. 1 (=6eJIOHO:lKKa) IIpoMe:lKY- ,
BYcI>ET. 1 Cnen;HaJIbHhlH wKa!fJ HJIH
JIHlIJ;e C 06IIJ;e:lKHTHeM (Y'leHHKH B. HaxO- TO'IHag IIJ;HTOBag CTeHKa BooocnycKa B
cToHKa AJIg CTOJIOBOrO 6eJIbg, CTOJIOBOH
;I\HJIHCb Ha Ka3eHHOM 06eCne'leHHH). nJIOTHHe. 2 CTeHKa, enO:lKeHHag H3 H3-
2 061IJ;e:lKHTHe npH MY:lKCKOM ;I\YXOB- BeCTHHKa, pa3;L1eJIglOIIJ;ag o'te.llKU B
HOM Y'lHJIHlIJ;e. 3 IIepcH;I\cKag WeJIKO- ne'lax ;LIJIg o6:lKHra.
Bag TKaHb.
BhEcI> (=nJIeco). qacTb CYAOXO;LIHOro
BYPhIM KHPIIHq. CneIJ;HaJIbHO ne- KaHaJIa HJIH peKH, orpaHH'IeHHag ;LIByMH
pe:lK:lKeHHbm KHpllH'l CO CTeKJIOBH;IlHOH llIJl103aMH H OTJIH'IalOlIJ;agCg no ypOBHIO
CTPYKTYPOH, ;I\JIg rjJYHOa.MeHmOB B BO;LIbI OT coceAHero aHaJIOrH'lHOrO
CblpbIX MecTax. Y'laCTKa.

BYPXAH. 1 H306pa:lKeHHe 6Y;I\;I\HHC- B3MJIAH. IIpoMe:lKYTo'IHoe CTOH6H1IJ;e

KOro 60:lKeCTBa HJIH CBgTOro. 2 IIIaMa- 6ypHT.
HHCTCKHH H;IlOJI.
B3Y (=1IJ;31IJ;). HaABOPHag KOHIOWHH
BYCHHA. IIIapoBH;IlHbIH 3JIeMeHT Ae- '1epKeCCKoH ycaob6bl.
nOCY;LIbI H HanHTKOB. 2 CTOJIHK, Ha KOTO-
Kopa B ;I\peBHepYCCKOM 30;I\'leCTBe, no- BIOBET. IIaBU.IlboH (1) HJIH HHoe
pOM paCCTaBJIeHbI TapeJIKH, 6JIIOAa, CTa-
MelIJ;aBWHHCg nOCpe;I\H CTBOJIa KO.llOHHbl coopY:lKeHHe Ha;I\ MHHepaJIbHhlM HCTO'l-
KaHbI, PIOMKH, rpa!fJHHbI H T. n.
MeHbwero AHaMeTPa.
3 (=6y!fJeTHag). KOMHaTa 60raTOro HHKOM, B KOTOPbIX 6epYT BOAY AJIg
;LIOMa, B KOTOPOH CTOgT wKa!fJhI co JIe'le6HOrO nHTbg.
BYCT. BlOcm.
BCeMH npHHaAJIe)KHOCTgMH ;LIM eAbI.
BIbrEJIh. Byze.llb.
BYChI. CBOHCTBeHHbm UOHU'teCKOMY 4 IIoMelIJ;eHHe HJIH cToHKa B 061IJ;eCT-
opoepy OpHaMeHTaJIbHblH MOTHS B BHAe BeHHOM 3AaHHH, npe;LIHa3Ha'leHHble AM BIOP. rpy6ag WepCTgHag TKaHb TeM-
MeJIKHX wapHKOB Ha O;I\HOH JIHHHH, pa3- npoAa:lKH HanHTKOB H 3aKycoK. Horo n;seTa - Ha nOKpbITHe llHCbMeH-
;I\eJIeHHbIX ;I\HCKaMH Toro :lKe ;I\HaMeTPa, HbIX CTOJIOB.
BYcI>hI. IIIapOBH;IlHble BblcTynbI Ha
KOTophle no !fJ0pMe HallOMHHalOT 'le'le-
HO:lKKaX M CTOHKax Me6eJIH. BIOPO. CTOJI AJIg nHCbMeHHbIX 3aHH-
BHIJ;y.
THH, nOXO:lKHH Ha KOMOA HJIH wKa!fJ'IHK
H HMelOlIJ;HH MHO:lKeCTBO HIIJ;H'lKOB (B
TOM '1Hene H nOTaHHbIX) - KaK HH:lKe
BhI;LIBH:lKHOH HJIH OTKHAHOH CmO.lleUlHU-
BYT. 1 3arJIy6JIeHHOe HH:lKe ypOBHH I{bl, TaK H Ha;I\ HeH.
3eMJIH OCHOBaHHe 3;I\aHHH, COCTOglIJ;ee H3
6YJIbI:lKHHKa, llJIHTHHKa H lIJ;e6HH C
3aJIHBKOH paCTBOpoM. 2 Bec!fJ0pMeHHble
MaJIOn;eHHble KaMHH, KOTOPbIMH BMeCTe
co cTpOHTeJIbHhlM pacTBopoM 3anOJI-
HHIOT npOCTP~CTBO Me:lK;I\y BHeWHHM H BYXTOBhIE BAP)KH. JIO;o;KH HJIH
BHYTpeHHHM enOgMH KHpllH'IHOH CTeHbI nOHTOHbI, nO;I\;LIep:lKHBalOIIJ;He nJIaBY'lHH
(cM.3a6ymoBKa). MOCT B MecTax Cn;ellJIeHHH ero COCTaB-
HbIX 'laCTeH.
BYTAC. )KeJITbIH HJIH cepbIH KpynHbIH BIOCT (=6yCT). OTAeJIbHOe CKYJIb-
neCOK H3 KaMeHOJIOMeH neC'IaHHKa, yno- BYX3K. CeBep06ypgTCKOe KOHH'leC- nTYPHoe npoH3BeAeHHe, H306pa:lKa-
TPe6MeMbIH B pacTBopbI ;LIJIg KJIa;I\KH Koe }KHJlHlIJ;e C nOKpbITHeM 3BepHHhlMH IOlIJ;ee BepxHlO1O '1aCTb '1eJIOBe'leCKOH
CTeH H !fJYHAaMeHToB. wKypaMH no :lKepAeBoMY KapKacy. !fJHryPhl: rOJIOBY, llJIe'lH, rpYAb.

-30-
BABMJIOH. JIa6upuHm B napKe, 06pa-
30BaHHhrH 3eJIeHbIMH HaCa)Kll:eHHSlMH.
BABMJIOHCKA5I TKAHh. MaTep'la-
TbIH 6a.nOaxUH (1).
BABMJIOHhl. EOJIbnIHe norpe6a B
rrpHMopcKHX 6yrpax, HMeIOIQHe BHIl:
npOpbITbIX XO/.lOB, no cTopoHaM KOTO-
pbIX paCnOJIaraIOTCSI JleOHUI<:U C JIapSlMH
Il:JISI 3aCOJIKH H xpaHeHHSI pbI6bI.
BArA. EOJIbmHe BeCbI Il:JISI rpOM031l:KHX
TSI)KeCTeH, 06bI'lHO BKJIIO'leHHbIe B cne-
~aJIbHOe coopY)KeHHe - 6aJICHlO.
BArAJIMll,A. 1 CJIIOIl:SlHaSl OI<:OH'tUHa.
2 JIHCTOK CJIIOll:bI.
BArEHIIIOc. BaH'tec.
BArOHKA (=KaJIeBKa). 06mHBKa H3
Y3KHX eJIOBbIX HJIH COCHOBblX 1l:0COK
(mHpHHOIr 7,5-12,5 CM H TOJIIQHHOH
1,3-1,8 CM), HMeIOIIIHX Ha npOTHBono-
JIO)KHbIX Y3KHX Il:JIHHHbIX CTopOHax na3 H
rpe6eHb paBHOH BeJIH'lHHbI, a B/.IOJIb
KpaS! Ha JIHIIeBOH nOBepxHocTH - )KeJIO-
60K HJIH HHOH npocToH npOCPHJIb.
BArOHHA5I 3EJIEHh. 3eJleHaJl I<:U-
H06apb.
BArOHHhIH CAP AH. 1 )KeJIe3HOIl:O-
pO)KHOe oeno Il:JISI naCCa)KHpCKHX Baro-
HOB, rJIaBHbIM 06pa30M Il:JISI Tex, KOTO-
pbIe He BKJIIO'laJIHCb B perYJISlpHbIe
peHCbI (caJIOHHbIe, HMnepaTopCKHe,
BeJIHKOKHSI)KeCKHe H T. Il:.). 2 31l:aHHe
Il:JISI npHBell:eHHSI B nOpS!ll:OK H MeJIKOrO
peMoHTa naCCa)KHpCKHX BarOHOB.
BA)KH5I. KpbIToe coopY)KeHHe Ha)l;
KPYIIHbIMH BecaMH (6a20u) , B03Bell:eH-
Hoe npH ToprOBOH nJIOIIIaIl:H.
BA30H. 1 EMKOCTb C 3eMJIeH Il:JISI
)KHBbIX IIBeTOB, HMeIOIQaS! BH,lI Ba3bI HJIH
ll:eKOpaTHBHoH KOP3HHbI. 2 Ba3a -
31
apXHTeKTypHoe YKpameHHe B BHll:e
cocYll:a C pacmHpSlIOIIIHMCSI KBepxy napa-
60JIOH,I\HbIM OCHOBaHHeM.
BAH ( =BOHO). YJIb'lCKHH cpy6 Il:JISI
3axopoHeHHSI KocTeH pHTyaJIbHO y6H-
Toro MeIl:Be).lSl.
BAH5I. )J,eKopaTHBHbIH MOTHB B BH).Ie
rraJIbMOBOH BeTBH, BKJIIO'laeMbIH B
y6paHcTBo IIepKoBHoro UHmepbepa.
BAKCAJI. BOl<:aaJl (1).
BAJI. 1 3eMJISlHaSl HaCbIIIb Il:JISI 06opo-
HbI. 2 (TO'lHee, nOJlY6aJl) - ::meMeHT
apxHTeKTypHoro y6paHcTBa, HMeIO~H
BH,I\ npOTSI)KeHHOrO BbIcTyna C OIl:HHaKO-
BbIM nOJIYKpyrJIbIM Ce'leHHeM.
BAJIrAHr (=BaJIbraHr). IIpHMbIKa-
IOIIIaSl K 6pycm6epy ropH30HTa.ITbHaS!
nOBepxHocTb BHYTpeHHero YCTyna B
KperrocTHoM 6aJlY, Ha KOTOPOH YCTaHaB-
JIHBaJIHCb 0pYIl:HSI.
BAJIrAHr COOEII.J:EHM5I. IIoHH-
)KeHHbIH 6aJlWH2 /.IJISI nepeMeIQeHHSI
60eBbIX rpY30B.
BAJIEHhIH. TecaHbIH.
BAJIEK. IIoIl:JIOKoTHaS! IIHJIHHll:pH'leC-
KaS! nO).lymKa Ha KpaIO ).IHBaHa, COcpbI,
TaXTbI, KpoBaTH B napall:HOH cna.TIbHe.
BAJIMK. 1 ApxHTeKTypHO-ll:eKOpaTHB-
HaSl nOJlo'tl<:a He6oJIbmOrO BbIHoca, co
cKpyrJIeHHbIMH pe6paMH, HJIH npoTSI-
)KeHHbIH BbIcTyrr nOJIYKpyrJIOro ce'le-
-31-
HHSI. 2 06pa6oTKa Ul6a B BH,I\e Henpe-
PbIBHOH npOTSI)KeHHOH BbIIIYKJIOCTH C
Y3KOH OKaHTOBKOH (CM. PaCUIU6I<:a).
BAJIKAHT (=BaJIKaHTHbIH 6pyc, mJIH-
nep, mnaJIa). Epe6Ho, OTecaHHoe Ha 4
rpaHH C OCTaBJIeHHeM Y3KHX nOJIOc
0630JIa (KOpbI) Me)Kll:y rpaHeH.
BAJIOBhIH KOJIOKOJI. O'tenHou
1<:0JlOI<:OJl.
BAJIhrAHr. BaJl2aH2.
BAJIhKA. 1 BaJlel<:. 2 IIPOIl:OJIroBaTbIH
MemOK C neCKOM, YKJIall:bIBaeMbIH Ha
OKHO Il:JISI 3aIIIHTbI OT CblpOCTH.
BAJIhMOBA5I KPOBJI5I. IIOKpbITHe
C BaJIbMaMH - TpeyrOJIbHbIMH CKaTaMH
OT KapHH3a 1l:0 ero BepmHHbI, nOIl:HHMa-
IOIIIHMHCSI Hall: TOPIIOBbIMH CTeHaMH.
BAJIhMOBhIE HOrM. CmpOnUfta.
BAJIhIIMII.J:E. IIpHcTaHb, 06CJIY)KHBa-
IOIIIaSl JIeCOCnJIaB.
BAJIhll,OBA5I IIJIOTMHA. IIJIoTHHa,
B KOTOPOH aam60p (4) BbIIl:BHraeTCSI no
HaKJIOHHbIM HanpaBJISlIOIQHM B HHmax
MaCCHBHbIX onop.
BAJIh5IH. Pe3HaS! HJIH 'leKaHHaSl xYll:o-
)KeCTBeHHaSl pa60Ta.
BAJIh5III.J:AThIH. Pe3HoH, TO'leHbIH.
BAH)J,PYThI. EpyCbJl, BepTHKaJIbHO
npH6HTble K CTeHaM maXTbI Il:JISI 3aIIIHTbI
ee OT HCKpHBJIeHHSI H3-3a HarpY3KH.
BAHHhIH IIIKA<I>. BapHaHT BaHHbI,
npH KOTOPOM rOJIOBa HJIH OTll:eJIbHble
'laCTH TeJIa npHHHMaIOIIIero BaHHY OCTa-
B BAHTEnATOP - BEHCKASI ME6Enb
IOTCll BHe ~eHCTBHll rrapa H.lm rOpllqerO
B03~yxa, rrocTyrraIOru;HX B ~epCBllHHhIH
IIIKacp JIH60 KO)J{)'X H3 rrJIOTHOH MaTcpHH
Ha ~ByX CToHKax.
BAHTEJIATOP. BeHmUJlRmop.
BAHTOBA5I <l>EPMA. KOHCTPYK~Hll
H3 CTep)lmCH, HcrrhiThIBaIOru;all TOJIhKO
YCHJIHll paCTll)J{CHHll.
BAHThl. AOrrOJIHHTeJlhHhIC KaHaThI
JIH60 TpOChI B 6UCR'lUX Mocmax H rro~o6-
HhIX KOHCTp'yK~HllX.
BAHqEC (=BareHIIIOC, BaHqYK, BaH-
qyc, BaH'fIOC, BaHIIIOC, BOHqac). OCTpO-
KaHTHhIH ~y60BhIH 6pyc (1) C TpCMll OTC-
caHHhIMH rpaHllMH H 3aKpyrJICHHOH
qCTBCPTOH CTOPOHOH, coxpaHllIOru;cH
KOPY; yrroTPc6JIllJICll B HH)J{HHX qaCTllX
CTpOCHHH.
BAHhKA. KpIOK ~JIll KOTJIa B JIorrap-
CKOH XH)J{lfHC.
BAllA. 1 )KH~Kall MaJillpHall KpacKa
~JIll oKpacKH CTCH. 2 PacTBop ~JIll 3a-
JIHBKH KHpIlHqa HJIH KaMHll rrpH B03BC~C­
HHH KaMCHHhIX cOOpY)J{CHHH.
BAP A)KH5I. IIIaJIaill H3 JIarrHHKa,
XBOH.
BAPA q. BapuHI<a.
BAPBOPKA. Bop6opKa.
BAPI1HKA (=Bapaq). 060c06JICHHhIH
HJIH YCTPOCHHhIH rrpH u36e CKOTHhIH
~BOp.
BAPI1CTA5I llEqh. PyccKaR ne'lb.
BAPKA. 3aroH ~JIll KpyrrHoro CKOTa.
BAPHHlI,A. 3aKphIToC rrOMcru;CHHC
~JIll BhIBapKH COJIH H3 COJIllHhIX paCTBO-
pOB.
BAPH5I. 3aBc~eHHc rro H3rOTOBJIeHHIO
HarrHTKOB (rrHBa, Mc~a H rrp.).
BAPOK. KphITOC rrOMcru;eHHC ~JIll
JIOIlla~CH,
HMCIOru;CC TOJIhKO 3a~HIOIO
CTCHY, a C TpCX CTOPOH OTKPhITOC BO
060P (1).
BAPTA. CTopo)J{cBall 6aUlHR Ha B03-
BhIIIICHlIH pCJIhccpa.
BAP5IKA. Epe6Ho (06hlqHO XBOHHhIX
nopo~) TOJIru;HHOH 3-4 BcpIIIKa B HH)J{-
HCM oTpy6c.
BACMJIEK (=nOJIYBaHqCC). KOpOTKHH
6aH'leC ~JIHHOH 3-7 apIIIHH, IIIHPHHOH
12-13 ~IOHMOB H TOJIru;HHOH 10-11
AIOHMOB, yrroTPc6JIllBIIlHHCll ~JIll pacrrH-
JIOBKH Ha CTOJIllPHhIC ~OCKH H cpaHcpy.
BACI1JIIiK. EaaU/lUKa.
BACIiCAAC. <l>opTOqKa B OKHC HJIH
~BCpH.
BACbKA-PA3YBAHKA. HcrrO~BH)J{­
Hall ~oru;CqKa C BhICMKOH ~JIll CHHMaHHll
carror.
BATAfA. PhI6a~KHH rrOCCJIOK, BKJIIO-
qaIOru;HH B CC6ll ua6bt (1) H aeM/lRHKU,
6a6UJlOHbl, rrpHcTaHh, KphIThIC rrOMO-
CThI Ha CBallX.
BATYJIKA. llJICTCHhIH rrOJIOBHK pyq-
HOH pa60ThI.
BAIIIllEPT. MapHHcKoC KPCCThllHCKOC
)J{HJIHru;C, COCTOllru;CC H3 ~ByX ~CpCBllH­
HhIX u36 (1) C 06ru;HMH CeHRMU rrocpe-
~HHC.
BBEPTHhIH IIIAHAAH. 3aKpCrrJICH-
HhIH Ha CTCHC rrO~CBCqHHK.
B fJIYXAPb. B /lany.
B ABA )KI1JIb5I 113EA. KPCCThllHCKOC
)J{HJIHru;C H3 ~BYX Cpy606: B O~HOM - C
rrCqhIO - )J{HJIH 3HMOH, B ~pyroM
JICTOM.
B ABA CBETA. p6yc6emHblu.
B ABA IIIAPA KPbIIIIA. ABycKaTHOC
rroKphITHC.
BAOBIiH AOM. Eozaoe/lbHR ~Jlll
B~OB, MY)J{hll KOTOPhIX HaXO~HJIHCh Ha
rocy~apcTBeHHoH CJIY)J{6c (BOCHHOH
JIH60 rpa)J{~aHCKOH) He MeHCC ~CCllTH
JICT.
B AOPO)KHI1KI1 OEP AEOTKA.
llpocpHJIHpoBKa OKOHHhIX rrepCnJIeTOB.
BEBIiHA. BUl{a ~JIll rrcpCB1l3KH rraphI
.KOJIhCB H3ropO~H, O~HOBpeMCHHO
rroAAcp)J{HBaIOru;all )J{Cp~H orpa)J{~eHHll
(HarrpHMcp, rrJICTHll).
BEBT. 1 O~HocKaTHall Kp06/1R KpC-
CThllHCKHX rrocTpocK y KOMH-3hlpllH.
2 KPbtUW KPCCThllHcKoro ~OMa y KOMH-
rrCpMllKOB.
BEfJIOB5I3b. OCHOBROH CTOllqHH BaJi
BCTPllHOH MCJIhHH~hI, Bparu;aIOru;HH
)J{epHoBa.
BE,Q)KBY,Q. BKJIIOqCHHhIC B Mc6cJIh
~cKopaTHBHhIC BCTaBKH B BH~C 6CJIhIX
6ape/lbefjJo6 H3 aHrJIHHCKOro cpallHCa
6C3 rJIa3ypH.
BEAME,QMK. He6oJIhillOC HaJIHBHOe
KOJIeCO BO~llHOH MCJIhHH~hI, nOKphITOC
KO)J{YXOM.
-32-
32
BEEPHhIH 3AMOK. 3aBcpIllcHHC rrc-
PCMhIqKH rrpocMa HJIH HHiliH HaJIO)J{CH-
HhIMH ~pyr Ha ~pyra Tparrc~HcBH~HhIMH
BEEPHbIH CBOA (=HopMaH~cKHH
CBO~). C600, orrHpaIOru;HHcll Ha yrJIOBhIC
orrophI, OT KOTOPhIX BCCPOM KpyTO
rrO~HHMaIOTCll O~HHaKOBhIe H30rnYThIC
JIOrraCTH.
BE)KA. 1 BhICOTHOC cOOPY)J{CHHC H3
~cpCBa. 2 K/Oum.
BEKO. HaKJIOHHall 3aCTCKJICHHall
BHTPHHa.
BEJIAMIiHA. 3aBcca.
BEJIAPIiH. PaBHoMcpHOC paC'fJICHC-
HHC opHaMcHTHpoBaHHoH BHYTPCHHCH
nOBcpxHOCTH Kyno/la (1) HJIH KOHXU Ha
Y3KHC BCPTHKaJIhHhIC ~OJIH.
BEJII1KI1E BPATA. aapcKue 6pama.
BEJII1KI1E ,QBEPl1. ,QBCpH, OT~CJlll­
IOru;He npum60p OT nanepmu.
BEJIYM. KpyrrHall opanupo6Ka, 3a-
KphIBaIOru;all npoxo~ UJIH CBCTOBOH rrpo-
eM (HarrpHMCp, CBCTOBOH rrOTOJIOK cpO-
TOaTCJIhe) .
BEH,QEPKA. Y cTyrr B OCHOBaHHH
rrCqH.
BEHElI,. 3aMKHYThIH ropH30HTaJIhHhIH
pll~ 6pe6eH HJIH 6pycbe6 B cpy6e.
BEHElI,MAHCKOE OKHO. Hma/lb-
RHCKoe OKHO.
BEH3EJIb .. 0pHaMCHTaJIhHhIH Y3CJI H3
HaqaJIhHhIX 6YKB C06CTBCHHhIX HMeH.
BEHMK. EYKCT, rryK ~CTOB.
BEHMlI,EHCKA5I 5IPb. OqCHh npoq-
Hall H llpKall MHHCpaJIhHall KpaCKa 3CJIC-
Horo ~BCTa (B OCHOBC yKCyCHo-Mc~Hall
COJlh) , yrroTpc6JIllIOru;allCll AJill OKpaCKH
KpblUl H HHhIX MamlpHhIX pa60T.
BEHCKA5I MEEEJIb. Mc6CJIh C rrJlC-
TCHhIMH TPOCTHHKOBhIMH BCTaBKaMH
B BEHTlIIl1S1TOP - BEPX HA APEBSIHO AE110 33

MeJK):IY OCHOBHbIX rHYTbIX 3JIeMeHTOB 3 ,lJ;JIHHa lIaxoTHoro 1I0JISl, ollpe):leJISl- IO~HXCSl mbt'tK06 H JlOJICK06, a BepTH-
KpyrJIOrO Ce'IeHIDI, HHOr):la C THCHeHOH eMaSl paccToSlHHeM MeJK):\Y 1I0BopoTaMH KaJIH ut606 COBlla):\aIOT 'Iepe3 PSl):l.
cpaHepoH. COXH Ha lIailiHe.
BEPT. Bepmozpao.
BEPEXA. 1 CocHoBaSl HJIH eJIOBaSl
BEPTI1KAJIbHA5I OEB5I3KA. CTO- .
JKep):lb ):IJIHHOH He MeHee 10 M IIpH
SlKH pUJIell'tamoil ):IBepH, COe):lHHeHHhIe
1I0llepe'IHHKe 8-11 CM, YlloTPe6JISleMaSl
IIIHllaMH C 1I0Ilepe'IHHaMH.
IIpH CIIJIa'IHBaHHH 6pe6ell. 2 )Kep):lb KpO-
BeJIbHOH o6peutemKu. BEPmKAJIbHAA llJIAHI1POBKA.
I1cKyccTBeHHoe H3MeHeHHe peJIbecpa B
BEPE5I. 1 ,lJ;epeBSlHHbIH CTOJI6 ):IJISl
CPYH~HOHaJIbHO-TeXHH'IeCKHX H KOMIIO-
HaBeCKH 1I0JIOTHHII\a BOpOT. 2 BOPOT-
3H~HOHHO-3CTeTH'IeCKHX ~eJISlX.
HbIH KpIOK, HJIH noocma6, BMeCTe C
1I0JIOCOBOH lIeTJIeH Ha 1I0JIOTHHII\e BEPTI1KAJIbHOE 03EJIEHEHME.
BEHTI1JUITOP (=BeHTHJIaTOp, BaHTe- BOpOT. 3 KOCRK, ):IBepHaSl npUmOJlOKa. YKpaIIIeHHe CTeH 3):1aHHH BbIOII\HMHCSl
JIaTop). 1 OTBepcTHe ):IJISl IIpHToKa CBe- 4 CTOJI6, pa3):1eJISlIOII\HH 'Iacm B paCTeHHSlMH JIH60 C03):1aHHe CTeHOK H3
JKero B03):1yxa B KOMHaTY, C):IeJIaHHOe B 3am60pe (4) llJIOTHHbI. paCTHTeJIhHOCTH, pa3):1eJIMIOII\HX Y'IaCT-
CTeHe HJIH OKHe. 2 (=cpa6pH). Mexa-
KH lIapKa HJIH OT):IeJISlIOII\HX ero OT BHe-
HH3M C JIOllaCTSlMH Ha OCH, lIepeMe~a­
BEPE5IJIbHbII1: CTOJIE (=BepHaJIb-
IIIHero OKpYJKeHIDI.
IOIIl,HH B03):1YX B 1I0Me~eHHH. HbIH CTOJI6). CTOJI6, KOTOPbIH CJIYJKHT
OCbIO ):IJISl 1I0BOpOTHOro KOJIeCa UI./l/030- BEPTI1KAJIbHbIE QJIEHEHI15I.
6btX BOpOT. PHTMH'IeCKHe BepmKaJIhHhIe BhICTyllhi
JIH60 3amy6JIeHHSl Ha cpaca):le 3):1aHHSl,
BEPEBOqKA. ,lJ;eKopaTHBHbIH 3JIe-
KOTopble 'IJIeHSlT ero 110 ropH30HTaJIH.
MeHT B BH):\e 6aJtUKa C lIapaJIJIeJIbHbIMH
KOCbIMH 3amy6JIeHIDIMH Ha paBHbIx pac- BEPTI1KAJIbHbII1: CA,lJ;. 03eJIeHe-
CTOSlHHSlX. HHe BHeIIIHeH CTeHhI 3):1aHHSl BhIOIIl,H-
MHCSl paCTeHIDIMH Ha BbICOTy ):IByx H
BEP3E5I. IIpocBeT B OrpaJK):\eHHH, C):Ie-
60JIee 3TaJKeH.
JIaHHbIH ):IJISl IIpoxo):la HJIH IIpOe3):1a.

BEPMAJIbHbII1: CTOJIE. BepeRJIb- BEPTMKAJIbHbII1: llIIIYHT. Bepm-

llbtil cmoJl6. KaJIhHhIH BhICTyIl KJlaOKU, HMeIO~HH
BEHUOBA5I KPEIIb. Cpy6 H3 6pe6ell rJIy6HHY B 1I0JIKHpIIH'Ia H IIIHPHHY B KHP-
HJIH 6pycbe6 (1), 1I0):l):lepJKHBaIO~HH BEPMHfA CMCTEMbl. IIpe):lHa3Ha- rrH'I - ):IJISl COe):lHHeHHSl 'IaCTeH KHprrH'I-
CTeHKH IIIaxTHoro KOJlOou,a (2). 'IeHHaSl ):IJISl utnYllm06btX cBaH JKeJIe30- Horo 3):1aHHSl, KOTophle KOHTpacTHhI rro
6eToHHaSl KOHCTPyK~IDI C apMamypou BbICOTe H rrpH 06hI'IHOH rrepeBSl3Ke Ha HX
BEHqAHME fJIACMCA. TpaHilieSl
(2) H3 o6yma6p06btX 6aJIOK, JKeCTKO CThIKe rrOJIY'IHJIH 6hI TpeIll,HHhI H3-3a
Ha lIoBepxHocTH rJIaCHCa, HallpaBJIeHHaSl
COe):lHHeHHbIX MeJK):\y C060H oTpe3KaMH HeO):lHHaKOBoH oCa):lKH CTeH.
B):IOJIb ero Zpe61lR (3) H coe):lHHSlIO~aSl
ut6eJlJlep06, YZOJlK06, ma6p06.
6peutb-6amapeu. BEPTJIJOf. 1 IIeTJISl HJIH KpIOK ):IJISl
BEPKI1. CaMoCTOSlTeJIbHbIe 'IaCTH 060- HaBeCKH rrOJIOTHH~a BOpOT. 2 mapllup,
BEHqATA5I OfPA,lJ;A. 3anJlom.
pOHHTeJIbHOrO YKpellJIeHIDI. HarrpHMep, y KpblilieK B Kopo6bRX (2).
BEHqAJOmml KAPHM3 (=maBHbIH
BEPMEJIb. II030JIo'IeHHoe cepe6po.
KapHH3). IIpOTSlJKeHHbIH HellpepbIBHbIH BEPTOfPA,lJ;. 1 OrOpOJKeHHbIH Ca):\.
BbICTyIl 110 BepxHeMY 06pe3Y CTeHbI. BEPCTA. 1 IIpH):IOpOJKHbIH CTOJI6 C 2 IIJIO):lOBhIH ca):l. 3 UBeTHHK.
0603Ha'IeHHeM 'IHCJIa BePCT ):10 rOpO):lOB
BEHqMK. 1 3arHYTbIH TblJlbHbIH KpaH
Ha KOH~ax ):Ioporn. 2 JIH~eBoH pSl):l KHP-
BEPTOK. IIOBOPOTHhIH 3arrop ):IJIM
paJtbu,e6oil, HJIH MapCeJlbCKOil, 'tepenu- ):IBepH HJIH OKHa.
IIH'Ia HJIH KaMHSl, Ollpe):leJISlIOII\HH
U,bt. 2 Xopoc.
OCTaJIbHYIO KJlaoKY CTeHbI. 3 1l0Ilepe'I- BEPTbl. M3BHJIHCThle ):IOPOJKKH ca):la
BEPAH,lJ;A. 1 IIpHMbIKaIO~ee K ):IOMY HbIe H IIpO):lOJIbHhle pSl):lbI KPYIIHOro HJIH neU3a:JJC1l0Z0 napKa.
HJIH BCTPoeHHoe B Hero C yrJIa 3aCTe- KaMHSl B 6YJlblJlClloil MOCTOBOH, 110
BEPTJOfMEH. 1 1l0KPbITbIH la30-
KJIeHHOe HeOTallJIHBaeMOe 1I0MeII\eHHe, KOTOPbIM paBHSlIOT OCTaJIbHOH Ka-
110M OTKOC, orpaHH'IHBaIOII\HH pezyJlRp-
06bI'IHO YBHTOe CHapYJKH llJIIOII\OM. MeHb.
llbtU Y'IaCTOK lIapKa. 2 TeppaCUp06all-
2 JIerKHH na6UJ1bOll C 3aCTeKJIeHHbIMH
BEPCTAK. CTOJI HJIH CKaMhSl, HMe- lloe lIapKoBoe B03BblIIIeHHe C 1I0JIYKPY-
CTeHaMH.
IOII\He Clle~aJIhHble IIPHCIIOCo6JIeHHSl rJIhIMH cTYlleHSlMH H CTpHJKeHOH 3eJIe-
BEP-,lJ;E-IIEPCMKO. MTaJIbSlHCKHH ):IJISl PY'IHOH pa60ThI. HOH CTeHKoH.
MpaMop TellJIbIX TOHOB, YlloTpe6JISlB-
BEPCTOBA5I KJIA,lJ;KA (=roTH'IeC- BEP<I>b. MeCTO Ha 6epery KPYIIHOro
IIIHHCSl B PYCCKOH apxHTeKType ):IJISl
KaSl, 1I0JIhCKaSl, PYCCKaSl, cTapopyccKaSl). BO):lOeMa, IIpe):lHa3Ha'IeHHOe ):IJISl CTPOH-
OT):IeJIKH 1I0Me~eHHH.
KHpIIH'IHaSl KJlaOKa, Ha JIH~eBOH TeJIbCTBa, peMoHTa H xpaHeHHSl BoeH-
BEP,lJ;)KMHAJI. BupzulIaJl. lIoBepxHocTH KOTOPOH KaJK):\hIH roPH- HbIX JIH60 Kyrre'IeCKHX CY):IOB.
30HTaJIbHbIH pSl):l COCTOHT H3 'Iepe):lY-
BEPE)KKA. CocHoBoe HJIH eJIOBOe BEPX. 1 Qep):Ia'IHOe IIpocTPaHcTBo.
6peBHo ):IJIHHOH13 apIIIHH (9 M) H ):IHaMe- 2 UapcKHH o6opeu, (1), 60raThIH 6ap-
TPOM 1,5-2 BepiliKa (7-9 CM). CKHH AOM. 3 OTBepcTHe ):IOMeHHOH lIe'IH.
BEPETEHO. 1 BaJI, sa KOTOPOM BEPX HA ,lJ;PEB5IHO ,lJ;EJIO. 3aBep-
3aKpeIlJleH 1I0):lBHJKHOH JKepHoB. 2 Bep- IIIeHHe 3):1aHHSl KaMeHHhIM utampOM C
THKaJIbHbIH CTepJKeHb nallUKaOUJIa. KPYTbIMH llJIOCKHMH rpaHSlMH.

-33-
B BEPXHEliOMHOE KOnECO - B IIIrny
BEPXHEBOHHOE KOJIECO (=Bep-
Xo6oHHoe KOJIeco). KOJIeco BO));HHOH
MeJIbHHIl;bI, KOTopoe rrpHBO));HTCH B ));BH-
)KeHHe BO));OH, rrOCT)'IIalO~eH rro )KeJIo6y
cBepxy.
BEPXHEE OKRO. Y3KHH roPH30H-
TaJIbHbIH rrpoeM ));JIH BbIXO));a ));bIMa, c));e-
JIaHHbIH B BepXHeH qaCTH CTeHbI KYPHOU
ua6bt, qepHOH 8apHU14bt H T. ));.
BEPXHEE CTPOEHHE. PeJIbCOBbIH
rryTb BMeCTe C 6aJIJIaCTOM (~e6eHb, rpa-
BHH, WJIaK, rreCOK rro)); wrraJIaMH).
BEPXHHH CBET. 1 BepXHHH PH));
OKOH, pacrrOJIO)KeHHbIX B rrOMe~eHHH Ha
));ByX HJIH 60JIee ypOBHHX. 2 BepxHHH
ypOBeHb OKOHHoro rrpoeMa.
BEPXHHH YrOJI. KpaCHbtU Y20Il.
BEPXHHK. 1 OTBepcTHe B rrOTOJIKe
ua6bt (1), rrpe));Ha3HaqeHHOe ));JIH OTBO));a
));bIMa H3 KYPHOU rreqH, KOTOPbIH CHa-
qana rroCTyrran Ha 'lepOaK (1) H JIHWb
rrOTOM H3-rrO)); KP081lU Hapy~. 2 Bepx- BEqEBA5I H3BA. KaH~eJIHpHH, B
HHH )KepHOB Ha MeJIbHHIl;e.
BEPXHHUA. Ha));cTPoeHHble Ha)); oc-
HOBHbIM 06'beMOM ));epeBHHHoro ));OMa
mepeMoK (2), 2OpHu14a HJIH 'lepOa'lOK.
BbtUtKa (2), c8emellKa, 63Py60K.
BEPXOBOHHOE KOJIECO. BepxHe-
60uHoe KOlleco.
BEPXOBA5I CTOPOHA. IIoBepx-
HOCTb TeJIa nIlOmUHbt, o6pa~eHHaH K
Harropy BO));bI.
BEPXOBHHK. B03BbIWeHHaH yKpe-
rrJIeHHaH qaCTb 2Opooa (1, 2).
BEPXQBOH OBHH. 08UH B BH));e
));BYX3TIDKHoro cpy6a, 6e3 HMbI B HH)K-
HeH qaCTH.
BEPXOBOH CA,I1;. BUCR'tUU cao.
BEPIllHHA CBO,I1;A (HJIH apKH). BblC-
waH TOqKa Ha BHYTPeHHeH rrOBepXHOCTH
C600a (apKU).
BEPIllHHK. BepxHHH qaCTb paMbI B
));BepHOM rrpoeMe, 06eCrreqHBalO~aH
IIJIOTHOe rrpHJIeraHHe ));BepHOro rrOJIOT-
HH~a.
BEPIllH5IK. IIO));'beMHbIH 3am60p
MeJIbH}lqHOH nIlOmUHbt.
BECTHBIOJIh. 1 IIpocTopHoe rrOMe-
~eHHe rrepe)); napa));HOH JIeCTHH~eH,
3aIlOM, za/lepeeu, mujJUIlaoou. 2 06-
WHpHaH rrpHXO)KaH.
BETPEHI1I~A. 1 BeTpHHaH MeJIbHIn~a.
2 KaX<f\aH H3 )Kep));eH HJIH XBOPOCTHH,
rrpH)l{HMalO~ COJIOMeHHYIO Kp08/l10,
));JIH ee 3a~HTbI OT pa3pyweHHH BeTpoM
H OCa));KaMH. 3 IIpocTPaHcTBo 'lepoa7ca
HJIH BbICOKHH rroMocT, rrpHcrroco6JIeH-
Hble ));JIH CyWKH 6eJIbH, BHJIeHbH PbI6bI H
T. rr. 4 Pe3HaH BepTHKaJIbHaH ));OCKa, Ha
Top~e KOHbKa, 3aKPbIBaIO~aH CTbIK
npU'lelluH.
BETPEHKA. 1 '¥OpTOqKa
"'"
));JIH rrpo-
BeTPHBaHHH JIH60 OT));ywHHK B cTeH.e.
2 CP/llozep. 3 CP/l,/OZapKa.
BETPOBOH KPIOqOK. )l(eJIe3HbIH
KPlOqOK ));JIH 3aKpeIIJIeHHH CTBOPKH OT-
KpbITOro OKHa.
BETPO,I1;YH (=BeTp0));YHHoe KOJIeCO,
BeTporoH). BeHmUllRmop (2).
BEqEBAHhE (=Be%). 1 Co6opHaH
IIJIO~a));b. 2 BaUtHR (1) C KOJIOKOJIOM,
C03b1BalO~HM Ha Beqe.
KOTOPOH OCPOPMJIHJIHCb peweHHH Beqa.
BEIllAJIKA. KplOK ));JIH rrO));BeCKH KO-
JIbI6eJIH.
BEIllAJIO. 1 IIoMe~eHHe BbICOTOH B
HeCKOJIbKO 3Ta)I{eH cpa6p}lqHOrO KOp-
rryca JIH60 oco6oe 3));aHHe, B KOTOPOM
pa3BeIIIHBalOT TKaHH BO BCIO ));JIHHY
KycKa - ));JIH CyWKH rrOCJIe 6eJIeHHH HJIH
KpaweHHH. 2 ropoob6a (1) ));JIH CyWKH
CHorrOB, HeBO));OB H T. ));.
BEIllKE3EM. Mopza 33eM.
BEIllKH. 3aTBopHble ~HTbI rrpH BO));O-
crrycKe nIlOmUHbt, C));eJIaHHbIe H3 OOCOK
(1), KOTopbIe rrpH6HTbI K paMe H3 6pyc-
K06 C rrorrepe'I1ffiaMH.
BEIllH5IK. 1 OTBepcrne B nIlOmUHe,
rrporrycKalO~ee rraBO));KOBbIe BO));bI.
2 BO));HHaH MeJIbHH~a yrrpo~eHHoro TH-
rra, pa60TalO~aH TOJIbKO rrpH BbICOKOM
ypoBHe BO));bI B peKe, OTqerO MeJIbH}lq-
HbIe KOJIeCa rrpHrrO));HHTbI Ha)); Me)KeH-
HbIM (cpe));HHM) ypoBHeM. 4 IIo));'beM-
HbIH 3am60p (4) B rrJIOTHHe.
BEIllH5IqHhIH ,I1;BOP. qacTb BO));O-
eMa rrepe)); rrpope3aMH 3aBO));CKOH nIlO-
mUHbt, orOpO)KeHHaH C6aR.MU ));JIH 3a-
~bI ee OT Harropa JIb));a H HaHOCHoro
JIeca.
BEP-KEPKA. OXOTH}lqbH H36YWKa
KOMH-3bIpHH.
B )l(E.rrOB. 1,I1;peBHeHwHH BH)); TeCOBOH
KP06IlU, B KOTOPOM TeCHHbI, CrryCKaHCb
OT KOHbKa, yIIHpalOTcH HH)l{HHMH KOH-
~aMH B )KeJIo6, YKperrJIeHHblH Ha Kypu-
~X. 2 BH)); ));epeBHHHoH KP06IlU, B KOTO-
POM BMeCTO TeCHH YJIO)KeHbI rrpO));OJIb-
-34-
34
HbIe rrOJIOBHHKH 6pe6eH C BbI));OJI6JIeH-'
HOH Cep));~eBHHOH, rrOOqepe));HO o6pa-
~eHHbIe TO BHH3, TO BBepx, rrepeKpbI-
BaH rrpOMe)KYTKH.
B3AKPoH. IIOKpbITHe rripH30HTaJIb-
HO YJIO)KeHHbIMH TeCHHaMH B O));HH CJIOH,
C HarrycKoM KaX<f\OH BepxHeH TeCHHbI Ha
HH)l{HIOIO.
B 3AMET. KOHCTPyK~HH ));epeBHHHoH
orpa));bI H3 ropH30HTaJIbHbIX OOCOK (1),
BCTaBJIeHHbIX KOH~aMH B BeprnKaJIbHble
'rra3bI CTOJI6oB.
B3AChIQKY. KHprr}lqHaH KllaoKa C
H36b1TOqHbIM pacTBopoM, BbIcTyrra-
IO~HM H3 Ut606.
B3BO,I1;. C600.
B3BO,I1;HhIH MOCT. MOCT, B03Be-
));eHHbIH Ha C6aRX.
B3B03 (=B3Bo3be). 'HaKJIOHHbIH Ha-
CTHJI ));JIH B'be3));a B030B co o60pa (1)
KpeCTbHHcKOH yca));b6bI B CKJIa));CKOe
rrOMe~eHHe Ha nooKlleme.
B3rJIABhE (=B3roJIOBOK, B3rOJIOBbe).
HaKJIOHHOe ));epeBHHHoe H3rOJIOBbe B
BH));e TpeyrOJIbHOH npH3MbI, YKJIa));bIBae-
Moe Ha JIaBKY, 6aHHbIH nOIlOK H T.));.
B3rOJIOBAIIIEK (=H3roJIOBaweK,
rrpHrOJIOBaweK). H3rOJIOBbe B BH));e
JIap~a Ha CKaMbe ));JIH crraHbH.
B3JIA3. JIecTHH~a (HarrpHMep, Ha Kpe-
rrOCTHYIO CTeHY) , rrOMOCT, o6JIerqa-
IO~HH rrpO));BIf)I{eHHe BBepx.
B3MOCT. IIpeoMocmbe (2).
B30PHOE MECTO. CTOpO)KeBOH
nOCT.
B3PYB. 1 ,I1;epeBHHHaH nOonopHaR
CTeHKa. 2 Cpy6. 3 IIopy6.
B3PYBOK. Ha));CTPOHKa Ha)); ua60u (1),
HJIH XOpOMaMH: 6btUtKa, c8emellKa,
20peHKa (1).
B3'bE3)1(HH ,I1;BOP. 1 IIocmoRllbtu
060p. 2 MOPCKaH rrpHcTaHb.
BHA,I1;YK. IIpHIIO));HHTbIH Ha)); 3eMJIeH
neWeXO));HbIH JIHGO rrpoe3)1{Hil: MOCT, rro));
KOTOPbIM HeT BO));HOH rrperpa));bI.
BHBHAHHT. qepHaH KpacKa C CHHe-
BaTbIM OTTeHKOM, HCrrOJIb30BaBWaHCH B
MaJIHPHbIX pa6oTax.
B HrJIY. CrrocoG yKJIa));KH 6pe6eH B
CTeHax, py6JIeHHbIX C OCTaTKOM, KOr):~a
'laUta ));eJIaeTCH y 60JIee TOJICTOrO KOH-
B B~3AHT~H~ nn~TA - B~TPA)I{
~a, a TOHKHil: Bpe3aeTCSI B 6peimo no-
nepe'lHOH CTeHhI.
BH3AHTHHH IIJIHTA. )KeJIe306e-
TOHHaSI 6aJIKa C OTBepCTIDIMII MeX<JIY
Y'laCTKaMH, oco6eHHo nO~Bep}l{eHHblMII
C}I{aTHIO, paCTSI}I{eHHIO MH H3rH6y.
BHJIKA. 1 Cnoco6 coe~HHeHIDI ~epe­
BSlHHhIX 6pycbe6 no~ yrJIOM, ~JISI '1ero B
npocBepJIeHHOM KOHQe O~Horo 6pycKa
~eJIaeTCSI rra3, a Ha npoCBepJIeHHOM
KOHQe ~pyroro - umYHmo6blu BhIcTyrr.
2 Ha'laJIo paa:JICeJ/,o61Ca - MeCTO rrepece-
'1eHHSI rroBepxHocTH 1CpblutU C 1COHb1COM
CJ/,YX06020 O1CHa HJIH ~pyroH, 60JIee HH3-
KOH KphIIIIH.
BRTI.TIA. KOMq,opTa6eJIhUbIH 3aropo~­
HhIH OC06HR1C C napKoM, pacrrOJIO}l{eH-
UbIH B aq,q,eKTHoM rreH3a}I{HOM oKp)')Ke-
HHH.
BHMA. U;eHTPaJIhHaSi '1aCTh QJ/,mapR
(1), B KOTOPOH HaxO~HTCSI npecmoJ/,.
BHMTIEPr. muneu, C O'leHh KPYThIMH
CKaTaMH, 3aBepmaIOm;HH: nopmQJ/, JIH60
HQJ/,U'tHU1C.
BHH,IJ;ABA (=B rrpHThI'IKY). TIeprreH-
~HKyJISIpHOe npHMblKaHHe KpbIToro Kpe-
CTbSlHCKoro o6opa (2) K cepe~HHe ~JIHH­
HOH: CTOPOHhI U36bt (1).
BHHOrpAp;HHU;A. TeIIJIH~a ~JISI BbI-
pam;HBaHIDI CTOJIOBOrO BHHorpa~a.
BHHTEP-KBAPTHPhI. 3HMHHe rrOMe-
m;eHIDI ~JISI BOHCK.
BHHTOBA5I JIECTHHU;A. JIecTHH-
~a, COCTOlIID;aSI 1'13 O~HHaKOBbIX aa6e:JIC-
Hbtx cmyneHeU.
BHHTOBO-KOJIhU;EBOI1 CBO,IJ;.
TIepeKpblTHe ~yroo6pa3Horo Ce'leHIDI,
rro~~ep}I{HBaIOm;ee 6UHm06Y1O J/,ecm-
Ituu,y MH JIeCTHH'IHble MaputU C 3aKpy-
rJIeHHblM rrOBopOTOM npOMe}l{YTO'lHhIX
IIJIOm;a~OK.
BHHThI. rOpH30HTaJIhHble ~hIMOBhIe
KaHaJIbI B ne'lH.
BHHhOJI.sI PEJIhChI. CTaJIbHble
peJIhCbI C mHpOKHM rrJIOCKHM OCHOBa-
HHeM H CHMMeTPH'IHOH O~HHapHOH:
rOJIOBKOH, npHMeHSlBmHecSi BO BTOPOH
35
rrOJIOBHHe XIX B. KaK 6aJIKH ~JISI rrOTO- BHC.sIqA5I JIOTIATKA. JIonam1Ca,
JIO'lHhIX rrepeKphITHH. HH}I{HHii: KOHe~ KOTOPOH: He orrn:paeTCSI
Ha U,01COJ/,b, nOCmaMeHm JIH60 HHOH:
BHPrHHAJI (=BHp~}I{HHaJI, Bep~}I{H­
BhIcTyrr H OKp~eH q,OHOM CTeHhI.
HaJI). He6oJIhmOH KJIaBeCHH C '1eTbI-
pexyrOJIhHOH OTKH~HOH KpblmKOH:,
06b1'1HO YKpameHHOH: ~eKOpaTHBHOH
POCIIHChIO 1'1 HarroMHHaIOm;eH: cmoJ/,eut-
HUU,y.
BHC.sIqA5I CTEHA. CTeHa, TSI}I{eCTb
KOTOPOH rrepe~aeTCSI He Ha ee OCHOBa-
HHe, a Ha ~yrHe CTeHhI JIH60 Ha KapKac
coopY}l{eHIDI.
BHC.sIQHE CTPOTIHJIA. CmponUAa
6e3 rrpOMe}l{YTO'lHbIX orrop.
BHPEH,[(EM EA1IKA. Pa3HoBM-
HOCT!. }l{eJIe306eTOHHOH: fjJepMbl, rr03BO-
JISlIOm;aSI rrepeKpblTh 6e3 npoMe~TO'l­
HhIX orrop npOJIeT ~o copoKa MeTPoB.
BHCEJIhrA. TIorrepe'lHas. }l{ep~h
ceMY}l{Horo aa60pa (2).
BHCJIA5I TIO,IJ;BOJIOKA. 1 ,IJ;epeBSlH- BHC.sIQH11: 3AMOK (=BblCTaBHB-
HblH rrOTOJIOK Ha 1CpOHutmeuHax. 2 TIo~­ mHHCSI 3aM6K). 3aM1C06btU 1CaMeHb,
BeCHoe YKpameHHe rrOTOJIKa, BKJIIO'IaIO- 3aMeTHO BhICTYIIaIOm;HH HH}I{e apO'lHOH:
m;ee B ce6S1 npoce'tHoe :JICeJ/,eao, OT- ~yrH.
JIHBKH 1'13 OJIOBa 1'1 CJIIO~y.
BHCJIOE KAMEHhE. Pe3HaSi KaMeH-
HaSI zupb1Ca rro~ BHCSI'IeH: nRmOU CMhIKa-
IOm;HXCSI apo1C.
BHCJIhIH PYH,IJ;YK. TIo~BecHble
rrOJIKH co CTBopKaMH JIH60 3a~BH}l{HblMH
CTeHKaMH.
BHCJIhIH illAH,IJ;AH. BHCSI'IHH: rro~- BHC.sIQHH MOCT. MOCT, Y KOToporo
CBe'lHHK, rrpoo6pa3 JIIOCTPhI. npoe3}1{aSI '1aCTh rrO~~ep}I{HBaeTCSI ~e-
IISIMH HJIH TPocaMH, 3aKpeIIJIeHHbIMH Ha
BHCTA. Y3KaSI rrapKOBaSI rrepcrreKTHBa 6epery.
MeX<JIY rrapaJIJIeJIhHblMH rrJIOCKOCTSlMH
3eJIeHH, HarrpaBJIeHHaSI K KOMrr03H~HOH­
HOMY a~eHTy (apXHTeKrypHoe coopy-
}l{eHHe, CKyJIhIITYPHhIH MOHYMeHT,
XOJIM, Bo~oeM HJIH q,OHTaH, OCBem;eHHaSi
rroJISlHa B KOH~e 3aTeHeHHOH aJIJIeH,
o6oco6JIeHHOe ~epeBO OpHrHHaJIhHOH:
BHC.sIQHH CAp; (=BepxoBoH ca~,
q,OPMbI). KpacHhIH c~). C~, YCTPoeHHbIH Ha
BHCTHHrAY3EHA TIEQh. Boaoyut- CHJIhHO nO~HSlTOM HCKyccTBeHHoM OCHO-
HaR ne'tb, B KOTOPOH: npHTOK B03~yxa BaHHH.
C03~aBaJICSI 6eHmUARmopOM (2).
BHTAJIhHHu;A. 1 rOCTHH~a,
BHCTH.sIPH.sI. 1 lliaTSIHaSI KOMHaTa, cmpaHHonpuitMHblu OOM. 2 )KHJIaSI KOM-
rap~epo6HaSI. 2 COKpOBHm;HH~a. HaTa, 2OpHuu,a. 3 CTOJIOBaSI.
BHC.sIQA.sI rA1IEPE.sI. rQJ/,epeR (1) BHTA5I TIHJI.sICTPA. IIUARcmpa, rro
Ha 1CpOHutmeuHax. CTBOJIY KOTOPOH rrpoxo~ rrapaJIJIeJIh-
HhIe HaKJIOHHbIe :JICeJ/,o61Cu, 6QJ/,U1CU (2)
BHC.sIQA5I JIECTHHu;A. He HMe-
JIH60 ZUPJ/,RHObl.
IOm;aSI cToJI6'1aTbIX orrop JIeCT~a, cry-
rreHH KOTOPOH: 3~eJIbIBaIOTCSI O~HHM BHTP A)K. 1 3anOJIHeHHe npoeMa
KOHQOM B 1CJ/,ao1CY CTeHbI, a ~pyroH opHaMeHTaJIhHOH: HJIH CIO}I{eTHOH KOM-
OCTaeTCSI He3aKpenJIeHHbIM. rro3H~eH H3 pa3Ho~eTHhIX CTeKOJI.
-35-
B BHCI)AHHSI - BOAHOE CTEKnO 36

2 3aCTeKJIeHHe 06nIHpHOM. rroBepxHo- KJIeM.KOM. ero 3JIeMeHTOB cpaHepOM. y)!{e BHEIIIHME IIPMCTPOI1KM. <l>0PTH-
CTH, pa3~eJIeHHOe MaJI03aMeTHbIMH rre- Ha MeCTe HX yKJIa~KH. cpHKaI.\HOHHble coopy)!{eHH5I, rrpHMbIKa-
peIIJIeTaMH. IOIIl,He co CTOPOHbI OCa~aIOIIl,HX K rJIaB-
B KPYrJIYIO. B .J1any.
HOMY 6a.J1y (1) YKperrJIeHH5I.
BM<I>AHM51. ApXHTeKTypHo-rrapKO-
B KPIOK. Py6Ka CTeH C BblcTyrra-
BbiM. KOMrrJIeKC rrpH MOHaCTblpe, CHMBO- BHEIIIHMI1 IIPECTOJI. CO.J1eR.
IOIIl,HMH 3a KpaM. cpy6a KOHI.\aMH 6pe6eH,
JIH3HPYIOIIl,HM. rreM.3a)!{ H coopy)!{eHH5I, C
y KOTOPbIX Kperre)!{Ha51 BbIeMKa ~eJIa­ BHEIIIHMI1 IIPMTBOP. llanepmb.
KOTOPbIMH CB5I3aHbI C06bITH5I eBaHreJIb-
eTC5I B 'IeTBepTb Kpyra, C BepTHKaJIb-
CKOM. HCTOpHH. B HO)J(OBKY. Crroco6 rrO~IllHBKH
HbIM rrOrrepe'IHbIM cpe30M.
rrOTOJIKa HJIH 06IllHBKH CTeH OOCKaMU
BMXPEBA51 P03ETKA. KpymbIM.
BJIA,lJ,bIl.JHbII1 ,lJ,BOP. KOMrrJIeKC, (1), y KOTOPhIX ~JIHHHbIM. KpaM. cpe3aH
~eKopaTHBHbIH 3JIeMeHT, H3 I.\eHTpa
coopy)!{eHHbIM. rrpH 0CPHI.\HaJIhHOM. pe3H- rro~ 45° (cp.: BHan.J1aoKY).
KOToporo paCXO~51TC5I O~HOCTopOHHe
~eHI.\HH apXHepe51 (CM. ApxuepeucKuu
BhlrHYThIe ~yrH O~HOM. H TOM. )!{e KpH- BHYTPEHHEE KPbillbUO. JIecT-
OOM).
BH3HbI (cp.: B CnUpa.J1b). HHI.\a rrpH Bxo~e B ~OM, Y KOTOPOH O~Ha
B JIAIIY (=B KpymyIO, B Illarr, B rJIy- HJIH ~Be cTyrreHH HaXO~51TC5I cHapY)!{fl, a
xapb, Ha KOKC). Coe~HHeHHe 6pe6eH HJIH OCTaJIhHhle - B ceHRX.
6pycbe6 B yrJIy cpy6a 6e3 Bblxo~a HX
BHYTPEHHMI1 KAPHM3. 1 IIITYKa-
KOHI.\OB 3a rrJIOCKOCTb CTeHbI.
TypHa51 rrpocpHJIMpOBaHHa51 mR2a rro
Bepxy CTeH B rrOMeIIl,eHH5IX. 2 IIITYKaTYP-
HaS! mR2a rro KpaIO rrOTOJIKa.

BHYTPEHH5151 IIJ:EKA. BepTHKaJIh-

Ha5I 60KOBa51 rrOBepXHOCTb JIeCTHHI.\bI,
06paIIl,eHHa51 BHYTPb .J1eCmHU'lHOU
BMUA. 1 rH6KHH rrpyT B rraJIeI.\ TOJIIIl,H- K.J1emKU.
HOM., rrpHMeH5IeMhIM. ~JI5I rrepeB5I3KH B OEJIO (=B 'IaIlly, B 'IaIllKY). CaMbIM.
cjJaUtUH H cpanIHHHhIX KaHaTOB, a TaK)!{e pacrrpOCTpaHeHHbIH BH~ py6KH 6peBeH-
B JIAC. OTecKa BHyTpeHHHx cTeHcpy6a
~JI5I YKperrJIeHH5I ooeJ/Co Kpymocmeu. 'IaTbIX CTeH C ocmamKOM; ~JI5I 3Toro y
rro~ e~HHyIO rrnOCKOCTb CHH3Y ~oBepxy,
2 Be6uHa. 3 Pa3MO'IaJIeHHbIH XBOPOCT, KOHI.\OB 6peoeH cBepxy ~eJIaeTC5I rrOJIy-
rrpH coxpaHeHHH 3aKpyrJIeHH5I 6pe6eH B
3aMeH5IIOIIl,HH BepeBKy. Kpyrna51 BbleMKa, orH6aIOIIl,a51 BbIIlleJIe-
yrJIax.
B KBA,lJ,P AT. BbIKJIa~Ka c600a H3 KHP- )!{aIIl,ee 6peBHO.
rrH'Ia, C03~aIOIIl,a51 pIiCYHOK BJIO)!{eHHhIX
BOBJIbII1. PenbecpHbIH, KpyrJIbIH.
~pyr B ~pyra KBa~paToB, C HeCOBrra~e­

HHeM rrOrrepe'IHbIX Ut606 B coce~HHX BOEJIbII1 IIO,lJ,KJIET. CBO~'IaTOe

p5l~ax. rrO~BanbHoe HJIH n0.J1yno06a.J1bHOe rrOMe-
B KMPIIMl.JMK. Crroc06 HaKJIeHKH IIl,eHHe.
U{um06020 napKema rrp5lMoyrOJIbHhIMH
B OEOJIOHb. Py6Ka u36bt H3 HeTeca-
~OIIl,e'IKaMH (K.J1emwu) rro rrapaJIJIeJIb-
HbIX H HeCTporaHbIX 6pe6eH.
HbIM 3Hr3araM C H3JIOMaMH B 90°.
B MOCT. PacrrOJIO)!{eHHe naBOK B~onh
B OEPE3 (=rro~cKpe6Ka). 06pa60TKa
Bcex CTeH BHyTpH na.J1ambl HJIH U36bl.
Ut6a, rrpH KOTOPOH H36bITOK CTpOHTeJIb-
B HArpA,lJ,. IIapannenbHoe CrrJIa'IHBa- Horo paCTBopa rrJIOCKO cpe3aH ~O JIHI.\e-
HHe Tpex 6peoeH rrYTeM Bhlpy6KH BOM. rrOBepXHOCTll.
IllrryHTa TparreI.\HeBH~Horo Ce'IeHH5I B
BOrHYTA51 APKA. ,lJ,eKopaTHBHoe
BepxHeM 6peBHe H COOTBeTCTBYIOIIl,HX
rrepeKpbITlle B BH~e ~yr, 06paIIl,eHHbIX
cHMMeTpH'IHbIX rra30B B ~ByX HH)!{HHX
BbIIIYKJIOCTbIO BHYTPb rrpoeMa.
6peBHax.
BHAKM,lJ,KY (=BHaTpycKY). IIpocTeH-
BKJIA,lJ,hIIIIM. BepTHKaJIbHble BaJIHKH
IllHH THrr conOMeHHOH KpOO.J1U, rrpH
C 3aKpyrJIeHHhIMH KOHI.\aMH, pacrroJIo-
KOTOPOM COJIOMy, paBHoMepHo pa36po-
)!{eHHhle Me~y pe6paMH KaHl-le.J1l0p B
caHHYIO rro ~epeB5IHHoMy HaCTHJIY, rrpH-
HH)!{HeM. 'IaCTH K0.J10HHbl co 6Cmpe'l-
)!{HMaJIH )!{ep~51MH OT BepIllHHbI K cBecy.
Hbl.MU KaHHe.J1l0paMU.
BHAIIJIABKY. BbICTHJIKa rrOJIa TeCH-
B KOCYIO KOP3MHKY. Crroc06
HaMH, Ha~BHHyTbIMH O~Ha Ha ~pyryIO
HaCTHJIKH U{um06020 napKema C 06-
~JIHHHbIMH CKOIlleHHbIMH KpOMKaMH
(cp.: B HO:J/C06KY).
BO,lJ,HOE CTEKJIO (=CTeKJIO <l>YKca).
BHATPYCKY. BHaKuoKY.
PaCTBopHMoe B Kllrr5lTKe CBeTJIOe
BHEIIIHME IIOMEIIJ:EHM51. Ba.J1KO- rrOKpbITHe ~epeB5IHHbIX, MeTaJIJIH'IeC-
Hbt (1, 2), .J1oo:J/Cuu, OTKpbITble w.J1epeu KHX HnH KepaMH'IeCKHX H3~eJIHH, HMe-
(1), 6epaHObt (1), meppaCbt (1) H IOIIl,ee 6JIeCT5IIIl,YIO rrOBepXHOCTb H
maM6YPbt, rrpHMbIKaIOIIl,He K HapY)!{HOH 3aIIl,HIIl,aIOIIl,ee fIX OT Kone6aHHM. TeMrre-
CTeHe 3~aHH5I. paTYPbI, HCTHpaHH5I H CblpOCTH.

-36-
B B OAHY CK06KY - BOnOTOBASI KPblWA
B OJJ;HY CKOBKY. OTeCKa KOHH'IeC-
KHX CTBOJIOB AepeBa AO n;HJIHHApa - AJUI
'IHCTOBOH YKJIaAKH 6pi!Bell B cpy6e.
BOJJ;HbIE KYHiliThI. cpOHTaHhI C
CIOpnpH3aMH H APyrne YBeCeJIHTeJIhHhIe
YCTpOHCTBa Ha BOAHOH OCHOBe.
BOJJ;OBol1:. CpeAlOOI, caMruI MOrn;HruI
'IaCTh qJ/uom6ema, BocnpHHHMalOIn;ruI
YAaphI naAalOIn;eH BOAhI B llJIOTHHe H
Harpy3KY OT ee coopyx<eHHH.
BOJJ;OB3BOJJ;HMI BAillIDI. Baul1tR
(1) C BOAOnOA"beMHhIM ycrpOHCTBOM
BHYTPH.
, HocTeH, BKJIIO'IalOIn;ruI B ce6H 6eJIHJIa,
BOJJ;OB3BOJJ;HbII1: JIAPb. BOAoeM
BHYTPH 3AaHIDI, HanOJIIDIBWHHCH C
nOMOIn;hlO BOAOnOA"beMHOrO YCTPOH-
CTBa.
BOJJ;OrPEI1:KA. PacnOJIO)KeHHOe B
ymy KpeCTh)lHCKOro oBopa (2) nOMeIn;e-
HHe C ne%lO, B KOTOpylO BMa3aH KOTeJI.
BOJJ;OMET. JIomolC (2) AJIH OTBOAa
]."(o~eBoH H TaJIOH BO]."(hI C ICPOBAU, HMe-
IOIn;HH 3Ha'lHTeJIhHhIH BhIHOC HM CTe-
BOJJ;OEMHOE 3JJ;AHME. llOcTPoHKa
B KOMnJIeKCe coopY)KeHHH )KeJIe3HOAO-
PO)KHOH CTaHn;HH, BKJIIO'IalOIn;ruI l! ce6H
KpynHhIH pe3epByap BO]."(hI.
BOJJ;OllOJJ;'bEMHA5I llJIOTMHA.
[J/I,omwta, peryJIHpYIOIn;ruI ypoBeHh BO-
]."(hI B peKe.
BOJJ;OPA3BOPHhII1: cpOHTAH. OK-
PY)KeHHhIH <l>OHTaHHOH'IameH BhI-
xo]."( Bo]."(orrpoBo]."(HOH Tpy6hI H3-no]."( rpYH-
Ta, npe]."(Ha3Ha'leHHhIH ]."(JIH pa3]."(a'lH
BOAhI HaCeJIeHHIO.
BOJJ;OCJIMBHMI nrrOTMHA. [J/I,O-
mUlla, rrOMep)KHBalOIn;ruI ypoBeHh BO]."(hI
B Bo]."(oeMe.
BOJJ;OCllYCKHMI nrrOTMHA.
[J/I,omulla, npHcrroc06JIeHHruI K 3Ha'lH-
TeJIhHOH rrepe6pocKe BO]."(hI H3 npY]."(OB H
Bo]."(oxpaHHJIHIn;.
BOJJ;PY)l(AJlbHbII1: KPECT. BOChMH-
KOHe'lHhIH AepeBHHHhIH KpecT Ha nOAHO-
)KHH, YCTaHaBJIHBaBWHHcH npH 3aKJIaAKe
n;epKoBHoro 3AaHIDI Ha MeCTe 6YAYIn;erO
npecmolta.
BOMHOE CTEKJIO. PaCTBOpHMruI B
ropg'leH BOAe CTeKJIOBHAHruI Macca (B
OCHOBe KpeMHeKHCJIhIH HaTp H KaJIH)
AJIH 3aIn;HThI AepeBa OT 3aropaHHj{.
BOJJ;.HHol1: B3BOJJ;. BOAOnOA"beMHOe
YCTPOHCTBO.
BOMHOI1: TIO<t>5IK. HanOJIIDIeMOe
BOAOH HCKyccTBeHHoe yrJIy6JIeHHe nOA
BOAOCJIHBOM naOmUllbl, B KOTopoe 6heT
nMalOIn;HH cBepxy nOTOK.
BOEHHMI BYJJ;KA. ByolCa BOem{1l1l.
BOEHHMI KPACKA. MaJIHPHruI
KpacKa AJIH nOKphITIDI 60JIhWHX nOBepx-
llJIaBJIeHhIH MeJI, rOJIJIaHAcKYIO ca)KY H
CypHK.
BOEHHMI YJIMI(A. JJ;opora BAOJIh
BaAOB (1) BHYTpH KpenocTH - AJIH nepe-
MeIn;eHHj{ BOHCK H npHllacoB K Kpeno-
CTHhIM BeplCaM.
B03BOJJ;HhII1: MOCT. 1 llOA"beMHhIH
MOCT npH o60poHHTeJIhHoM coopyx<e-
HHH. 2 B3BoollblU Mocm.
B03BhIIIIEHME CBOJJ;A (HJIH apKH).
BepTHKaJIhHOe YAJIHHeHHe ]."(yrn nepe-
KphITIDI nyTeM onycKaHIDI nRm HH)Ke
n;eHTpa OKPY)KHOCTH.
B03JJ;YXOllPMBOJJ;HhII1: KAHAJI.
BhIJIO)KeHHhIH H3 HecropaeMoro MaTe-
pHaJIa BHYTpHCTeHHhIH KaHaJI, 'Iepe3
KOTOPhIH HapY)KHhIH B03AYX nocTynaeT
B KaMepy lCa/lopucpepa.
B03JJ;YllIHA5I JIMHM.H. lJeTKo o'lep-
'IeHHhIH, H3pe3aHHhIH JIHGO paCllJIhIB'Ia-
ThIH BepxHHH KOHTYP MaCCHBa AepeBheB
B napKe.
B03JJ;YIIIHA5I llElJh. OTOnHTeJIh-
HhIH npH60p, B KOTOPOM ropeHHe
TOnJIHBa H pacnpOCTpaHeHHe TellJIa CTH-
MYJIHpYIOTCH ]."(orrOJIHHTeJIhHhIM rrpHTO-
KOM B03]."(yxa.
B03JJ;YIIIHA5I CB5I3b. CBR3b (1),
OCHOBHruI 'IaCTh KOTOPOH npoxo]."(HT rro]."(
CBOOOM.
-37-
37
B03JJ;YIIIHMI IIIAXTA. BeHTHJUI-
n;HOHHhIH KaHaJI B PY]."(HHKe.
B03JJ;YllIHOE OTOllJIEHME. CH-
CTeMa 060rpeBa nOMeIn;eHHH, B KOTO-
POH TerrJIO rrepe]."(aeTcH HarpeThIM B03]."(y-
XOM, nocryrralOIn;HM 'Iepe3 )KapOBhIe
KaHaJIhI OT Crren;HaJIhHOH KaMephI
(06hNHO HaA TOrrJIHBHHKoM).
B03JJ;YllIHhII1: KMPllMlJ. 1 JIe.Mna'l.
2 CaMall.
B03JJ;YllIHhII1: TEATP. TeaTp rro]."(
OTKphIThIM HeGoM.
B03JIOXEHME. KanUme/l,b.
BOI1:O. Bau.
BOI1:CKOBMI M3BA. BOHCKOBruI·
Kaun;eJIHPHH Ka3aKOB.
BOK3AJI. 1 (=BaKCaJI, BOKCaJI, BOKC-
raJI). 3aropo]."(HhIH 3aJI ]."(JIH Taun;eB H
Koun;epTOB, C peCTOpaHOM. 2 rJIaBHOe
3]."(aHHe )KeJIe3Ho]."(opO)KHOH CTaHn;HH.
BOJIHMCTO-POMBMlJECKA.H PE-
IIIETKA. OKOHHruI peweTKa, PHCY-
HOK KOTOPOH pa36HT Ha OAHHaKOBhIe
3JIeMeHThI, HanOMHHalOIn;He BepTHKaJIh-
HhIe pOM6hI C BOJIHHCThIMH CTOPOHaMH.
BOJIOrOJJ;CKA.H CA)I(A. llHrMeHT
'IepHOH MaJIHpHoH KpacKH, rrOJIY'laeMhIH
npH C)KHraHHH COCHhI, eJIH HJIH 6epe3hI.
BOJIOK. JJ;OIn;aThIH, GpeBeHqaThIH HJIH
6pYCHHOH nalloyc ]."(JIH BTaCKHBaHHH H
CBOJIaKHBaHHH Tj{)KeCTeH.
BOJIOKOBOE OKHO. 3aKphIBaeMhIH
3aABH)KKOH ropH30HTaJIhHhIH rrpoeM,
npopy6JIeHHhIH B ]."(Byx 6pi!Bllax, KOTO-
phIe nOJIO)KeHhI O]."(HO Ha ]."(pyroe.
~~
~ \~
BOJIOTOBA5I KPbIIIIA. CeBepoKaB-
Ka3CKoe COJIOMeHHOe rroKphITHe c
YKJIaAKOH CHorrOB KOMeJIhKaMH BBepx.
B BonXOBCKASI M3BECTb - B norOH

BOJIXOBCKAH H3BECTh. Pa3HO-
BIl)(HOCTb H3BeCTH, rrpHro;n:Hru! ;n:mI
rro;n:Bo;n:HOH KJIa;n:KH.
BOJIXOBCKHH H3BECTH5IK (=;n:H-
KapHbIe CJIOH). OqeHb TBep;n:bIH KaMeHb
ceporo l(BeTa, rrpHMeIDIBurnHC5I KaK
06JIHl(OBOqHbIH H ;n:eKopaTHBHbIH MaTe-
pHaJI B <paca;n:ax MOCTOB H rH;n:pOTeXHH-
qeCKHX cOOPY)KeHHH, a TaK)Ke KaK
HCXO;n:HbIH rrpo;n:yKT rrpM rrOJIyqeHHH m;n:-
paBJIHqeCKOH li.3BeCTH ;n:JI5I KJIa;n:KH CTeH
rro;n: BO;n:OH H B CbIpbIX MeCTax.
BOJILIHH 3YE. OpHaMeHTOBKa Ka-
BOP. 3a60p (1), orpa)];a H3 )Kep;n:eH.
BOPBOPKA (=BapBopKa, <papa<pop-
Ka). KHCTOqKa, MaXpOBa51 HJIH IIIapo-
BH)];Ha51 rrO)];BeCKa Y naHUKaOUJla, a
TaK)Ke 30JIOTOH, cepe6p5lHbIH, IIIeJIKO-
BbIH, IIIepCT5IHOH, HHT5IHOH C l(BeTHbIMH
KaMeIIIKaMH IfJIH )KeMqY)KHbIH IIIapHK Ha
IIIHypKe JIH60 TeCbMe.
BOPOEHHA. 1 )KeJIe3HbIH KpIOK B
COJIeBapHe, K KOTOPOMY rro;n:BeIIIeH
'lpeH. 2 ,o:JIHHHa51 oocKa (1) TOJIIl(HHOH
OKOJIO ;n:ByX BepIIIKOB.
BOPOK. CKOTHbIH )];BOp.
BOPOH. KpOHutmeuH.
BOPOHEQ. 1 rpRoa (1, 2). 2 Mamu-
l1a (1).
BOPOHKA. PacIIIHpeHHa51 BepxH5ISI
qaCTb BO;n:OCTOqHOH Tpy6bI.
BOPOTA 0 TPEX IIIHTAX. BopoTa C
B OTXBAT. BH;n: KAaoKu, rrpH KOTOPOM
paCTBOp He pa3paBHHBaIOT rro rrOBepx-
HOCTH KHprr~a, a Ha6paCbIBaIOT, He
;n:OBO;n:SI )];0 JIHl(eBoro Kpa5l, B paCqeTe Ha
JIyqIIIee Cl(eIIJIeHHe C 06JIHl(OBOqHOH
IIITYKaTypKoH.
BOY. PO)];OBru! 60eBaSI 6autHR (1) y
MHrYIIIeH.
BO <l>PH3. IIOJIbI, COCTaBJIeHHbIe H3
OOCOK (1) TOJIIl(HHOH B 2,5 ;n:IOHMa, KOTO-
pble rrorrapHo CKJIeeHbI Y3KHMM )];JIHH-
HbIMH cTopoHaMH H CB5I3aHbI CT5I)KKaMH,
a C ;n:pymMH ;n:OCKaMH coe;n:HIDIIOTC5I
utnOHKaMU.
B OXJIYII. BapMaHT py6KH CTeH B
06AO, rrpH KOTOPOM 'lauta y KOHl(OB
6pe8eH 06paIl(eHa He BBepx, a BHM3.
B OXP5IIIKY. BapHaHT py6KH CTeH C
ocmamKOM, xapaKTepH3YIOIl(HHC5I BbI-
py6KOH 'laut C rrJIOCKMMH )];HOM H CTeHKa-
MH, rrpHToM KaK cBepxy 6pe8eH, TaK H

%"'AT&'T&'f!~"f
• tdl:llllt:J!~i_W~~
)];ByMSI KaJIHTKaMH . CHH3y.

BOIIIAHHQA. QepKoBHblH rro;n:CBeq-

BOJILIHH CKOK. OTBepcme B )KH-
BOH H3ropo;n:H rrapKa, OTKpbIBaJOIl(ee
HeO)KH;n:aHHYIO BH;n:OByIO rrepcrreKTHBY
(CM ... Ax-ax).
BOJILIhH 51Mhl. Y cTPoeHHru! B TBep-
;n:OM rpYHTe rrepe;n: 060pOH5IeMOH rr03H-
l(HeH CHCTeMa H3 qeTbIpex-II5ITH P5l;n:OB
3aMacKHpoBaHHbIX rJIy60KHx 51M B IIIax-
MaTHOM rropSI;n:Ke, HMeBIIIHX BH)]; orrpo-
KHHYToro yceqeHHOrO KOHyca (MaKcH-
MaJIbHbIH ;n:HaMeTp - OT 6 ;n:o 7 <PYTOB,
rJIy6HHa - OT 6;n:0 7 <PYTOB) C 3aocTpeH-
HbIM KBepxy KOJIOM B l(eHTpe; rrpe;n:Ha3-
HaqaJIaCb ;n:JI5I 3aIl(HTbI OT KOHHMl(bI rrpo-
THBHHKa.
BOJIhEP (=BOJIbepa). PacrrOJIO)KeHHru!
B ca;n:y OqeHb KpYIIHa51 KJIeTKa ;n:JI5I MHO-
rOqHCJIeHHbIX H pa3Ho06pa3HbIx rrTHl(.
BOJIIOTA. ,o:eKopaTHBHbIH 3JIeMeHT B
BH)];e CrrHpaJIbHOrO 3aBHTKa.
BOPOTHJIO. X060m.
HHK.
BOPOTHA5I EAllH5I. KperrocTHa51 B IIA3. KOHCTPYKl(H5I ;n:epeBSIHHbIX
HJIll MOHacTbIpCKa51 6autHR co CKB03HbIM
CTeH H3 ropH30HTaJIbHbIX 6pe8eH, BCTaB-
rrpOe3)];OM. JIeHHbIX KOHl(aMH B BepTHKaJIbHbIe rra3bI
BOCKJIOHEHHE. 1 CrraJIbIDI. 2 CTO-
JIOBaSI. 3 JIo)Ke, rrOCTeJIb. 4 H3rOJIOBbe.
BOCIIOKOHIIIE. KJIa)];6HIl(e.
BOCXO,o:. CTyrreHb JIeCTHHl(bI.
BOCXO,o:HHQA. 06JIaqaJIbHbIH aM-
80H (2), YCTaHOBJIeHHbIH B l(epKOBHOM
3)];aHHH ;n:JISI apxHepeHcKoro rrOCBSIIl(e-
HHSI ()];JI5I rraTpHapxa OH )];OJI)KeH HMeTb
12 cTyrreHeH, ;n:JI5I MHTpOrrOJIHTa - 8, CTOJI60B; 06blqHO BCTPeqaeTC5I B X03SIH-
;n:JISI apxHerrHcKorra - 6, ;n:JI5I errapXHaJIb- CTBeHHbIX coopY)KeHH5IX HJIH rrpHCTPOH-
HorO apxHepeSI - 4). Kax K OCHOBHOMY cpy6y, HarrpHMep, B
ceHRX rrpH ua6e (1).
BOCXO,o:HhIH CBO,o:. Kop0608blU
HJIH l(HpKyJIbHbIH C800 C HaKJIOHHbIMM BIIAJIA5I KOJIOHHA. [JOAYKOAOH-
rrapaJIJIeJIbHbIMH nRmaMU. Ha, He BblcryrraIOIl(ru! 3a rrOBepXHOCTb
CTeHbI.
BOChMEPHK. BocbMHrpaHHbIH apxH-
TeKTypHbIH 06'beM. BIIEPEEE)KKY. Pa3MeIl(eHHe O;n:HO-
PO;n:HbIX 3JIeMeHTOB ropH30HTaJIbHbIMH
BOChMEPHK HA LIETBEPHKE.
p5l;n:aMH, rrpH KOTOPOM rrpOCBeTbI Me)KJl:y
KOMrr03Hl(HOHHbIH rrpHeM B03Be)];eHHSI
3JIeMeHTaMH B O;n:HOM pSI;n:y pacrrOJIara-
BocbMHrpaHHoro 06'beMa Ha qeTbIpex-
IOTC5I rro OC5IM TaKHX )Ke 3JIeMeHTOB
rpaHHoM.
coce;n:Hero p5l;n:a.
BOChMHKOHELIHhIH IIPABO- B IIEPEIIJIET. IIepeKpbITHe rrOMeIl(e-
CJIABHhIH KPECT. KpecT, CXO)];HbIH
HHSI B3aHMHO rreprreH;n:HKyJISIpHbIMH,
C uteCmUlC01te'lHbiM rrpaBOCJIaBHbIM, HO OrrHpaIOIl(HMHC5I )];pyr Ha ;n:pyra 6aJIKa-
MMeIOIl(HH, KpoMe Toro, HeMHoro HH)Ke
MH, ;n:JIHHa KOTOPbIX MeHbIIIe paCCTO-
BepxHero KOHl(a KOPOTKYIO ropH30H-
TaJIbHYIO rrOrrepeqHHY' rro IIIHpHHe 6m13-
KyIO HH)KHeH HaKJIOHHOH JIHHHH. B IIEPEIIJIETE IIOTOJIOK. CepAUO
nomOAOK.
BOChMHJIOTKOBhIH CBO,o:. IIepe-
KpbITHe BocbMHrpaHHoro 06'beMa CMbI- B IIOrOH. BapHaHT py6KM CTeH C
KaIOIl(HMHCSI AOmKaMU (1). ocmamKOM, xapaKTepH3YIOIl(HHCSI BbI-

-38-
B B nOA60P - BPEMEHHblE YKPEnnEHIUI 39

py6KOH Herny60I{HX OKpyrJIbIX 'taUl
KaK cBepxy, TaK H CHH3Y 6pe6Ha; npH
3TOM npocBeTbI Me:lK,ll;y OCHOBHbIMH
6peBHaMH 3anOJIHSI1OTCg 60JIee TOHKH~
MR, co Bpe3KoH HX KOH~OB B MaCCHB
OCHOBHbIX 6peBeH.
CMbIKaIOIqHXCg CKOCOM no;o; yrJIOM B 135°
K npocmynu HHX<HeH cTyneHH H noocmy-
neHKY BepxHeH.
B IIPI1ThftIKY. BUHOa6a.
B IIPHqEPTh C BhITECOM. MOIqe-
HHe OOCKaMU (1), C03;o;alOIqee rJIa;o;KylO
JISIIOT '1eTbIpe KBa;o;paTa. 2 Cnoc06
OKJIeHKH CTeH 060SIMH, npH KOTOPOM
SIpKHe (06bI'lHO o;O;Ho~eTHbIe) nOJIOCbI
oKpY:lKalOT naHHO.
BPAHhIl1:. llieTeHbIH.

~
B IIOABOP. B03Be;o;eHHe CTeH H3 Bep-
THKaJIhHbIX 6pycbe6 H 6pe6eH.
B IIOAB5I3KY (=B npHBg3KY). Cnoc06
YCTPoHcTBa COJIOMeHHOH KPOBJIH 6e3
npIDKHMHbIX :lKep;o;eH.
BIIOJIAEPEBA. Coe;o;HHeHHe ;o;Byx
6pe6eH HJIH 6pycbe6 nOT( npgMbIM yrnoM
nyTeM BbIpy6KH ycrynOB ;0;0 cepe;O;HHbI
6pe6Ha JIH60 6pyca (1).
B PACm;EII. YnpOIqeHHbIH BH;o; OKOH-
H pOBHYIO nOBepxHocTb. HbIX pemeToK ;o;JISI He:lKHJIbIX IIOMeIqe-
HHR, HCnOJIb3YlOIqHH illHpoKHe :lKeJIe3-
B IIPHqECKY. HaCTHJIKa COJIOMeH-
HbIe nOJIOCbI C paBHOMepHo oTorny-
HOH KP06.11U CJIOSIMH H3 CHOTIHKOB, npH-
TblMH 3ayceH~aMH no 060HM KpaSIM.
BSI3aHHbIX K C.IIe2aM H 3aTeM npWlecaH-
HbIX IqeTKaMH.
BIIPOrAPh. TOHKaSI K.IIaOKa ne'lH H3
KHpTIH'Ia, 06paIqeHHOrO nOCme.llblO Ha
JI~eBylO CTOPOHY (cp.: B 'tem6epmb
Kupnu'ta).
BIIPOCA,[(h. PaBHoMepHaSI noca;O;Ka
;o;epeBbeB no npSIMbIM JIHHHSIM HJlH B;o;OJIb
;o;opom.

B IIP5IMYIO KOP3HHKY. Pa36HBKa

KBa;o;paTHOro napKeTHoro IqHTa Ha
60JIee MeJIKHe KBa;o;paTbI (HanpHMep, no
'1eTbIpe C Ka:lK,ll;OH CTOpOHbI).

BPATA. Bxo;o; B a.llmapb, xpaM, MOHa-

CTbIpb.

B IIOJIKHPIHfqA. B03Be;o;eHHe CTe-
HhI H3 KHpnWleH B O;o;HH BepTHKaJIb-
HbIH CJIOH, C JIH~eBbIMH cTopoHaMH H3
O;o;HHX TOJIbKO ./to3ICK06.
B IIOJIYJIAIIY. Coe;O;HHeHHe 6pycbe6
BPA3BE)I(KY. Cnoco6 yKJIa;o;KH Teco-
BbIX Kp06e.llb B ;O;Ba HeIIJIOTHbIX CJIOSI:
TeCHHbI HHX<HerO pSI;o;a pacnOJIaralOTCH
C npoMe:lKYTKaMH, KOTopbIe cBepxy
3aKpbIBaIOTC5} OOCKaMU (1) CJIe):lYIOIqerO
pSI;o;a.
BPATHJIO. meCT.
BPA THA5I HKOHA. HKOHa Ha;o; BXO-
;o;OM B MOHacTbIpb, xpaM HJlH ;o;OM, a
TaK:lKe Ha;o; BOPOTaMH KpenOCTH HJlH
ropo;o;cKoro YKpeIlJleHHjJ:.
B PE)I( (=B pe:lKb, B pSI:lK). Py6Ka rpa-
HeB Ulampa HJIH CTeH 113 6pe6eH, Me:lK,ll;y
KOTOPbIMH OCTalOTCg 3Ha'lHTeJIbHbIe
ropH30HTaJIbHbIe npOCBeTbI BCJIe;O;CTBHe
MaJIOH rJIy6HHbI 'taUl.

IIO;o; rynblM yrJIOM 6e3 BbIXo;o;a KOH~OB
3a IIJIOCKOCTb CTeHbI.
B IIOTEMOK. Py6Ka C ocmamKOM,
npH KOTOPOH coce;O;HHe 6pe6Ha COe;O;HHg-
IOTCg B 'taUle IIIHTIOM, HeBH;o;HMblM CHa-
PY:lKH·
B IIPHB5I3KY. B noo6R3KY.
~???ni?:i
BPA3HOIIA3. Pa3HoBH;O;HOCTb py6KI1
CTeH C ocmamKOM, npH KOTOPOH '1epe-
;o;YIOTCH 6pe6Ha 6e3 'taUl H 6peBHa C
nOJIYKpyrJIblMH '1amaMH KaK Ha Bepx-
HeH, TaK H Ha HHX<HeH CTOPOHax.
BPE3HA5I 3AABH)l(KA. BepTHKaJIb-
HbIH 3anop ):IBYCTBop'laTbIX ;O;BepeH, Bpe-
3aHHblH Ha yrny nOJIOTHHIqa 3anO):lJI~0
C ero Y3KOH CTOpOHOH.
BPE3HA5I II5ITA. BKJIIO'IeHHbI"H B
K.IIaOKY KJIHH'laTbIH KaMeHb JIH60 KHP-
TIH'I, Ha KOTOPbIH onHpaeTCg apKa.

B IIPHCEK. Cnoc06 B03Be;o;eHHjJ: CTeH B PAKOBHHY. T-06pa3Hoe coe;O;HHe-

H3 roPH30HTaJIbHbIX 6pe6eH, 6JIH3KHH
py6Ke 6 06.110, HO C OCTaBJIeHHeM B 'taUle
HeBbIpy6JIeHHOrO 3y6a' (npSIMoyrOJIb-
Horo BbIcryna), KOTOPbIH npeTISlTcTByeT
C;o;BHry 6peBeH B 6eHl¥lX.
BIIPHThIK. Y CTPOHCTBO JIeCTHH~bI H3
KaMeHHbIX HJlH 6eTOHHbIX cTyneHeH,
HHe 6pycbe6 C IIOMOIqbIO TPane~eBH;o;­
HOHBpy6KH.
B P AMKY. 1 Ksa;o;paTHbIH 3JIeMeHT
U{um06020 napKema, pa3):1eJIeHHbIH Ha
'1eTbIpe OKaHTOBaHHbIX KBa;o;paTa,
Ka:lK,ll;bIH H3 KOTOPbIX TaK:lKe COCTaB-

BPE3HA5I CTYIIEHh (=BCTaBHaSI

cTyneHb). CryneHb, BCTaBJIeHHaSI B
na3bI Ha memu6ax.

BPE3hI. KaHHe.lllOpbt.
BPEMEHHhIE YKPEIIJIEHH5I. He-
;O;OJIrOBe'IHble 060pOHHTeJIbHbie CO-

-39-
B BPEHTvr - B WECTHVrOnbHHK 40

opY)KeHIDI H3 3eMnH, AepeBa HJIH Me-
TaJIJIa.
BPEHTYr (=BpeTHIu;e, BpeTyra).
3aBeca, pa3AemnoIIl;ruI CTaP006pHAqeC-
KylO MOJIeJIhHIO Ha ABe nOJIOBHHhI.
B P5I.IK. B pe:JIC.
BCEBMA5ImEE OKO. CHMBOJI XPH-
CTHaHCKoro 60)KeCTBa, HMelOIu;HR BHA
TPeyrOJIhHHKa, OT KOToporo paCXOAHTCH
JIyqH.
BCETIPMMMHMUA. fOCTHHHu;a, 3ae3-
:JICUU a60p.
BCKAT. llOJIOrHR nOMOCT AnH BKaThI-
BaHHH 60qeK, 6pe6e1l H T.n.
B CKOEEJIb. Bpe6fta, 6pyCbJl HJIH
aocKu (1) C qHCTO oCTPyraHHoH JIHu;eBOH
nOBepxHocThlO .
B CKOBOPOAEHb. T-06pa3Hoe Kpe-
nneHHe 6pycbe6 C rrOMOIIJ;hlO TPaneIJ;H-
eBHAHoro BhlcTyrra, paCrnHpHIOIIJ;erOCH K
KOHU;y OAHoro 6pyca H nJIOTHO rroAo-
maHHoro rrOA ZHe3aa (1) TOR)Ke q:,OpMhI
Ha APyroM 6pyce.
B COK. K.naoKa Ha rYCTOM pacm60pe C
3aJIHBKOR )KHAKOR H3BeCThlO rrpOMe)KYT-
KOB, 3anOJIHeHHhiX 6HThIM KHpnHqOM,
IIJ;e6HeM H T.rr.
BCllAPYIIIEHHbIH CBOA. Kpecmo-
6blU C600, Y KOTOPOro u;eHTpaJIhHruI
qaCTh 3aMeTHO nOAHHTa Ha)l; 60KOBhIMH.
B CllMPAJIb. BhIKnaAKa c600a rro
OAHHaKOBO HanpaBneHHhIM paBHhIM
AyraM, paCXO)l;HIIJ;HMCH OT u;eHTpa (cp.:
BUXpe6aJl p03emKa).
BCfABHA5I CTYTIEHb. Bpe31WJl
cmyneHb.
BCTABHOH IIIMll. CoeAHHHTeJIhHruI
rrpHMoyrOJIhHaH BCTaBKa B 06paIIJ;eHHhIe
Apyr K )l;pyry ZHe30a (1) Ha )l;JIHHHhIX
cTopoHax rrapaJIJIeJIhHO CnJIaqHBaeMhlX
6pe6eH HJIH 6pycbe6.
B CfAMMK. KOHCTpYKu;IDI AepeBHH-
HhIX orpa~eHHH H3 rrJIOTHO nOCTaBJIeH-
HhIX BepTHKaJIhHhIX OOCOK (1), 6pe6eH
HJIH 6pycbe6.
B CfOJIE. KOHCTPYKu;IDI )l;epeBHHHhlx
orpaYAJ\eHHH, COCTOHIIJ;ruI H3 ropH30H-
TaJIhHhIX OOCOK (1), BCTaBJIeHHhIX TOP-
u;aMH B BepTlIKaJIhHhle na3hI CTOJI6oB.
BCfPE"llHbIE KAHHEJIIOPbl. lla-
paJIJIeJIhHhle BepTHKaJIhHhle :JICe.no6Ku
Ha CTBOJIe KO.nOHHbt HJIH nU.flJlCmpbt,
pa3AeJIeHHhle B HH)KHeH qaCTH rrepe-
ropOAKOH Ha 60JIee Y3KHe JIH60 3a-
rrOJIHeHHhle Ha TY )Ke BhICOTY 6a.nu-
Ka.MU (1) C oKpyrnhlM BepxoM (CM.
BK.naObtUlu) .
BCXOA. 1 llOMOCT. 2 JIo61loe .Mecmo.
3 CTyneHH Ha a.M601l (3).
BCXOAHMUA. 1 Bcxoo. 2 BblUlKa (2).
BCXOAH5I. 3aMeHHIOIIJ;ruI JIeCTHHU;y
aocKa (1) C Ha6HThIMH rrorrepeK 6pycoq-
KaMH BMeCTO cTyrreHeK (cp.: r6apOUJl,
.na3HJl).
BTOPOM CBET. BTOPOR OT rrOJIa pSiA
rrpoeMOB B rrOMeIIJ;eHHH.
B YC. COeAHHeHHe aocoK (1) HJIH 6pyc-
K06 KOHu;aMH, cpe3aHHhIMH nOA 45".
BYTbI. YTOJIIIJ;eHIDI nJIHT HJIH 6aJIOK B
)KeJIe306eTOHHhIX KOHCTPYKU;HHX, rrOBhI-
rnalOIIJ;He conpOTHBJIeHHe H3rH6alOIu;HM
HarpY3KaM.
BXOA5ImVl n YfOJI (B YKpeIDIeHHHX C
JIOMaHhIM JI.I.IHOM). YroJI C BeprnHHoH,
06paIIJ;eHHOH K 060POillllOIIJ;HMCH.
B "llAIIIY, B "llAIIIKY. B o6.no.
B "llETBEPTb. Cnoco6 HaCTHJIKH no-
TOJIKa B KpecThHHcKOH H36e, C HaKa-
TOM H3 rrpOAOJIhHhIX nOJIOBHH 6pe6eH
(n.nacmUIl), nJIOTHrui nO)l;roHKa KOTO-
phIX )l;OCrnraJIaCh C nOMOIIJ;hlO BhIeMKH
npHMoyrOJIhHOrO CeqeHIDI no )l;JIHHHOMY
KpalO.
B "llETBEPTb AEPEBA. 1 llepeKpeCT-
Hoe CrrJIaQHBaHHe 6pycbe6 (1), B Ka~OM
H3 KOTOPhIX AeJIaeTCSI np»:MoyrOJIhHruI
BhleMKa rnHpHHoH B 6pyc, He )l;OCTHra-
lOIIJ;aSl B rny6HHy ero cepeAHHhI.
2 llapaJIneJIhHOe CnJIaqHBaHHe 6pycbe6
(1), nAaCmUH H T.A. C rrOMOIIJ;hlO npo-
)l;OJIhHhIX 6pycheB H BhIeMOK, HMelOIIJ;HX
B CeqeHHH paBHhle npHMhIe oTpe3KH.
B "llETBEPTb KMPllM"llA. B03Be)l;e-
HHe TOHKOH CTeHKH H3 KHpn~eH,
rrOCTaBJIeHHhIX Ha y3KylO rpaHh H o6pa-
IIJ;eHHhIX nocme.nblO Ha JIHu;eBylO CTO-
pOHy (cp.: BnpozaPb).
B "llEIIIYIO. KPOBJISI H3 O):lHHaKOBhIX
3JIeMeHTOB, BhlcTyrralOIIJ;HX O)l;HH H3-rrO)l;
APyroro rrOJIYKpyrJIhIM KpaeM .
B IIIAll. B .nany.
B IIIAXMAT. Pa3)l;eJIKa nOBepxHocTH
qepeAYIOIIJ;HMHCH CBeTJIhIMH H TeMHhIMH

BCllOJIOIIIHOH KOJIOKOJI (=Ha- BHHHhIX CTeH, npH KOTOPOM npoMe-

6aTHhIH KOJIOKOJI, nepenOJIOrnHhIH
KonOKon, OCa)l;HhIH KOJIOKon). KOJIO-
KOJI, B KOTOPhIH 3BOHHJIH, KOr)l;a )KHTe-
JIHM yrpo)KaJIa onaCHOCTh (HarnecTBHe
BparOB, MHTe)K, nO)Kap).
BCllOP. 1 llOTOJIOK. 2 lloAnopa.
BCTABEHb (=CTaBeHh). 3HMHHH
OKOHHhIH rrepeIIJIeT.
BCTABHA5I PEHKA. PeHKa Tparre-
u;neBHAHoro CeqeHIDI, BCTaBJIHeMruI B
OOCKY (1) B)l;OJIh ee OCHOBHOH nOBepxHo-
CTH, qTo6hl nOMernaTh Kopo6JIeHHIO,
3aKphITh IIJ;eJIH H T.)l;.
)KJTKH Me~y cToJI6aMH 3anOJIHeHhI B IIIECTMYfOJIbHMK. Py6Ka C oc-
BepTHKanhHhIMH OOCKa.MU (1), C rrOCJIe- mamKO.M H3 rnecTHrpaHHhlx 6pycbe6 (1).
AylOIIJ;HM 3aKpenJIeHHeM HX rrOnepeqHhl-
MH )KepAHMH.
BTYJIKA. 06HThIH BOHJIOKOM HJIH CYK-
HOM AepeBSlHHhIH IIJ;HT, 3aKphIBaBrnHH
OKHO H3HYTPH rro BceH ero rrJIOIIJ;aAH (Ha-
rrpHMep, Ha HOqh HJIH )l;JISI coxpaHeHHH
TerrJIa B nOMeIIJ;eHHH).
BYJIKAHOJIb. BhICOKorrpOqHhIe KaM-
HH )l;JIH MOCTOBhIX, HMelOIIJ;He BH)l;
KpyrrHhlx nnHT H3 npeCCOBaHHOH CMeCH
rrOJIeBOrO rnrraTa.

-40-
B B WnVHT - BblOWKA
B IIIIIYHT. Py6Ka CTeH H3 6pycbe6 (1)
JIH60 llIHPOKHX OOCOK (1).
BhIBO.JJ:. 1 (/Jopm. 2 IIeqHM TPy6a.
BhIBO.JJ:HOE OKHO. BbtnYCKlwe
OKHO.
BhIrOHOQHA5I TEIIJIMIJ;A. IIap-
HHK )l;JIM BbIpal.l(HBaHIDI KYJIbTypHbIX
paCTeHHH B MeCTHOCTH C qY)K)l;bIMH )l;JIM
HHX rrOqBOH H KJIHMaTOM.
BhIroPO.JJ:. Orpa)l;a.
BhIrPEE. 1 BbleMKa B 3aKpOMe, H3
KOTOPOH BbIrpe6alOT 3epHo. 2 5IMa )l;JIM
HeqHCTOT.
BhIrPhI3EHHhIH cpPOHTOH. Pa-
30p6aHHbiu ppoHmoH.
BhI.JJ:P A. 1 EOp03)l;a B rrpHMbIKaHHH
Kp06J1U K KHprrHqHOH KJIa)l;Ke CTeHbI HJIH
TPy6bI. 2 BbIcTyrr C ropH30HTaJIbHOH
BepxHeH rrJIOCKOCTblO, paCmHpMIOl.l(HH
HH)KH101O qaCTb )l;bIMOBOH Tpy6bI, Herro-
Cpe)l;CTBeHHo Ha)l; Kp06J1eu.
BhIKPY)KKA. ApxHTeKTypHbIH 3JIe-
MeHT C BorHYToH KPHBOH B CeqeHHH.
BhIMOJI. IIpHcTaHb.
BhIHOC KAPHM3A. rOpH30HTaJIb-
Hoe paCCTOMHHe Me)K)l;Y KpaeM KapHU3a
H rroBepxHocTblO CTeHbI rrO):l HHM.
BhIHOCHA5I II5ITA (=BbmycKHaM
rrMTa, BbIcTyrralOl.l(aM rrMTa). ApOqHaM
nRma, OrrHpalOl.l(MCM Ha ropH30HTaJIb-
HbIe pM.o;bI KJlaOKU, CTecaHHble rro KpH-
BOH, KOTopaM rrJIaBHO rrpO)l;OJI)KaeTCM
.o;yroH apKU.
BhIIIOJI30BO (=060JIOHbe). IIpe.o;-
MeCTbe zopooa (2) HJIH KpaHHHe U36bl
(1) CeJIeHHM.
BhIIIPABMTEJIhHhIE COOPY)]ffi-
HM5I. rH)l;pOTeXHwlecKHe cooPY)KeHIDI
)l;JIM rro)l;)l;ep)KaHIDI B rrOpM)l;Ke cY)l;OXO)l;-
Horo rryTH, )l;Ha H 6eperoB BO)l;OeMa.
BhIIIYKJIO-BOrHYTA5I APKA . .JJ:e-
KopaTHBHaM apKa, B KOTOPOH H3rH6bI Y
fIRm 06pal.l(eHbI BbmYKJIbIMH CTOpO-
HaMH BHYTPb rrpoeMa H rrJIaBHO rrepexo-
)l;MT B O)l;HoQeHTPoBoe JIH60 MHoroQeHT-
poBoe rrO)l;BbImeHHe rro ero BepTHKaJIb-
HOH OCH.
BhIIIYCKHA5I II5ITA. BblHocHaR
nRma.
BhIIIYCKHOE EPEBHO. KPOH-
utmeuH B )l;epeBMHHoM 30)l;qeCTBe.
BhIIIYCKHOE OKHO (=BbIBO):lHOe
OKRo). Qep.o;aqHOe OKHO, BbIcTyrralOl.l(ee
BMeCTe C 60KOBblMH CTeHK'IlMH, COe):lH-
HeHHbIMH rroKpbITHeMif H3 OCHOBHoro
06"beMa Kp06J1U.
BhIIIYCKHOH 3AMOK. 3aMK06blU
KaMeHb, CHJIbHO BbI.o;BHHYTblH rrepe.o;
<pOHOM .
BhIIIYII.J;AJIO . .JJ:BepQa.
BhIP AEOTKA. IIo):l3eMHaM rrOJIOCTb
ropHOro rrpOMbICJIa.
BhIPEIJ;. KJIYM6a.
BhIPYQKA. IIpHJIasoK, CTOJI C Ml.l(H-
KOM .o;JIM .o;eHer HJIH CyH.o;yK Toro )Ke Ha3-
HaqeHIDI, B ToproBoM 3aBe.o;eHHH.
BhICOKMH IIAPTEP. JIapmep (2).
BhICOKO-OEPOHHAA P AEOTA.
CKYJIbllTYPHbIH peJlbep, B KOTOPOM
<PHrYPbI rrOqTH oT.o;eJIMIOTCM OT <poHa
(cp.: rOpeJlbep).
-41-
41
BhICTABMBIIIMHC5I 3AMOK. Bu-
CR'tUU 3aMOK.
BhICTABKA. .JJ:orrOJIHHTeJIbHM Qep-
KOBb B rrpe):leJIax rrpHXO):la.
BhICTABOQHA5I IJ;EPKOBh. XpaM
rrpH 060c06HBmeHcM qaCTH rrpHXO):la.
BhICTYIIAIOII.J;A5I II5ITA. BblHocHaR
nRma.
BhICh. 1 lJepoaK (1). 2 BbICOTa CTeH
3):1aHIDI.
BhITh. 1 Ha):lBOpHaM rrocTpoHKa.
2 3arOpO):lKa.
BhIT5I:lKHOH KAHAn. KaHaJI, rro
KOTOPOMY yXO):lHT B aTMoc<pepy B03):1YX
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-42-

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