Cooling Conditions and Requirements of HSS Rolls for Wire and Rod Mills There are three purposes of

roll cooling in the process of rolling. Prevent rolls from spalling due to overheating; Avoid overheating of
surface, which could cause the changes in surface structure, wear-resistance and surface quality;
Prolong the initiation time of heat fatigue crack and prevent such crack from extending. Rolls are heated
through the connection with work piece, and vice versa. It is usually thought that the temperature at the
joint of roll and work piece is just the average temperature of them, so the instantaneous temperature
could reach 500℃. And with the introduction of endless rolling technology, it has become extremely
significant to cool the surface of rolls as quick as possible due to more stringent endurance
requirements. The optimum cooling system should be an array of annular-jets, which can provide
continuous and sufficient water. Of the nozzles, at the Spout guide, is the main nozzle that can spray
30% of the total amount of water used by the whole rolling groove and its spraying angle is 20 ~30 . It
can spray water promptly to the section away from work piece, and this is of big importance. Moreover,
the water pressure should be above 0.5 Mpa and the water amount of every rolling groove for one
single roll is to be not less than 300 L/min to maintain that 70%~80% of the flux be at the side of exit. All
of the cooling water must be sprayed into the groove, and due to the poor cooling condition of nether
rolls, the water amount should be more than 0 0 that of the upper ones. In addition, the cooling water
should be deposited to reduce the content of solid particle as much as possible. Although there are
great differences in water-cooling device, cooling mode and capacity, water pressure and spraying angle
among different mills, it is vital to reduce the surface temperature and maintain the cooling effects of
rolls in order to improve roll’s campaign and surface quality. An increase in the amount of cooling water
has a remarkable effect on the decrease of roll temperature as well as surface heat cracks. The main
reason that would cause a change in rolling groove of HSS rolls is the appearance of pocks on the
surface. It is the result of spalling when tiny heat cracks spread. Heat cracks appearing in the groove
during the rolling process indicate a poor performance of cooling, and the cooling system must be
improved or redesigned. The Heat crack is not scared itself, but that will be very fatal if a roll that has
such cracks or that is bad required is still in use, resulting in debris, breaks, and even disuse in advance.
All in all, the key to the performance of HSS roll lies in its working conditions and maintainance. IV.
Dealing with the rolling accident of the HSS roll As statistics, at present the abrasion caused by the
abnormally uses of the metallurgical rolls is about 30% of the all abrasion of the rolls, so it’s especially
important to strengthen the enterprise’ spot management, manage the rolling technics strictly, make
sure the rolling mill operating normally, reduce the rolling accident for reducing abrasion of the rolls.
When wire, bar mills using the HSS rolls, if jam or cumulus appears on the groove, the water should be
stopped and higher roll should be uplifted promptly, making the rolling material away from the surface
of the roll and in the same time removing the rolling material accumulating on the lower roll right away,
making the heated groove cool in the air slowly. When the accident was disposal and reproduced, the
groove must be changed, and there would space out 2 to 3 grooves, making the cold water rushing or
streaming to the heated grooves was not permitted absolutely, if that’s unable to avoid and the grooves
couldn’t be changed, the roll must be changed, installed and used again after cooling naturally,
otherwise, if pouring cooling water on the over-heated grooves directly, the crack must turned out on
the grooves.