4/19/2020 Instruments Used in Engineering Drawing -its Uses and Importance

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Importance of Engineering Drawing
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Drawing plays vital role in the engineering and construction works. The drawing requires no language any one can read it. So, drawings o
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countries structures can also be studied easily. Categories
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drawing instruments and their uses
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engineering graphics instruments
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tools used in engineering drawing
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The drawing improves the imagination and new inventions can be developed. The estimate for the project can be done using the details p
in the drawing. Types of
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The structure can be analyzed completely before construction by using drawing. So, every engineering construction department especiall
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Instruments Used in Engineering Drawing

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The instruments used in engineering drawing are:
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1. Drawing sheet
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2. Drawing board of water
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3. Mini drafter 
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4/19/2020 Instruments Used in Engineering Drawing -its Uses and Importance
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4. T square
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5. Compass Soil?

6. Divider
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7. Set squares Ceiling H
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8. Clinograph

9. Protractor fly Ash P
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10. French curves

11. Templates

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13. Eraser
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Drawing Sheet
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Drawing sheet is a white paper on which an object is drawn which is available in various sizes. The sheet used for engineering should be
quality. It should be white in color with uniform thickness with must resist the easy torn of paper. The surface of sheet must be smooth.
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Various sizes of drawing sheets recommended by Indian standards are listed below. 📖 Recent A

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Drawing Sheet Type Dimensions (Length X Width) (mm) Building

A0 841 X 1189 Compres

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A1 594 X 841

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A2 420 X 594
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A3 297 X 420
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A4 210 X 297

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A5 148 X 210 Sector [P

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4/19/2020 Instruments Used in Engineering Drawing -its Uses and Importance
What are
Drawing board is generally made of soft wood and it is in rectangular shape. It is used to support drawing sheet, so, the size of board is m
Values of
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according the size of the drawing sheet. Soil?

The wood portions are joined by tongue and grove type joint to prevent cracks. At the edge of board, straight ebony edge is provided for
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sho
square usage. Ceiling H
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Different types of drawing boards and their sizes according to IS classification are listed below.
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Type of Drawing Board Length X Width X Thickness (mm)

D0 1500 X 1000 X 25
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D1 1000 X 700 X 25
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D2 700 X 500 X 15
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D3 500 X 350 X 15
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Mini Drafter
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Mini drafter is an instrument which can be used for multiple functions in drawing. It contains two arms which is adjustable to required a
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and at the end of the lower arm a scale set is attached. Types of
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The scale set contains two scales connected perpendicular to each which cannot be separated. This instrument is fixed to the drawing boa
one edge with the help of screw provided for the drafter.

Mini drafter is used for drawing horizontal lines, vertical lines, inclined lines, angles, parallel lines, perpendicular lines etc. Popular A

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4/19/2020 Instruments Used in Engineering Drawing -its Uses and Importance
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T-Square
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T square is used to draw horizontal and vertical lines on drawing sheet. It made of wood or plastic and in T shape. The vertical part of T is
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as blade and horizontal part of T is called as head.

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The edge of head is uniform level and attached to the edge of the board. The working edge is used to draw lines anywhere on the sheet by
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Compass

Compass is used to draw an arc or circle with known dimensions on engineering drawing. It is generally made of steel and consists twoEng
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leg contains needle at the bottom and other leg contains a ring in which a pencil is placed.

The needle tip is placed at the respected point and pencil tip is adjusted to the height at least 1mm just above the tip of the needle. The gap
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nothing but the paper thickness.
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Divider Agile Con

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The divider looks like a compass, but the difference is the two legs of divider are provided with needles. This is used to divide a line or cur
equal parts. It is also used to check the measurements.

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4/19/2020 Instruments Used in Engineering Drawing -its Uses and Importance
What are
Set Squares Values of
☰
Soil?
Set squares are used to draw lines with an angle between them. In most of the structures, 30, 45, 60 and 90-degree lines are most common
squares make the work easier for this type of drawings. What sho
Ceiling H
Generally, set squares are of two types. One is 45 degree set square and another one is called as 30 – 60 degree set square. Both areBedroom
requir
the drawing. 45 set square has a side of 25 cm while 30-60 set square has 25 cm length on one side.
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Clinograph
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Clinograph is an instrument used to draw parallel lines to the inclined lines. It contains one adjustable wing or strip which can be adjuste
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Protractor
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Protractor is used to draw and measure the angles of lines in the drawing. It is transparent and made of plastic. It is in the shape of semi-c
Types of
and the edge of semi-circle part consists reading with one-degree accuracy.
Building

The bottom line joins the 0o to the 180o. The center of this bottom line is marked as “O” or “C” from which the angles are measured.
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French Curves
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French curves are made of plastic and they are in irregular shapes. Sometimes the drawing requires irregular curves or shapes orSector [P
arcs wh
cannot be drawn using compass. In that case French curves are suitable.

Generally French curves are more suitable for small curves and for long curves splines are used.
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4/19/2020 Instruments Used in Engineering Drawing -its Uses and Importance
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Drawing Templates Values of
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Templates are nothing but plastic or wooden boards which contains spaces of several shapes or letters. Non-dimensional shapes or variet
letters are drawn by using templates which makes drawing easier and perfect. What sho
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Pencils Concrete

Pencil is used to draw on the paper. Any type of pencil is not suitable for drawing. There are some limitations, the drawing appearance sh
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Every line of the drawing should indicate its importance. It depends upon the hardness of pencil.
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Based on the hardness quality pencils are classified into 18 grades and they are

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Grade of Pencil Hardness of Pencil Schedule
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9H Hardest
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6H, 5H, 4H Extremely Hard to Remem

3H Very hard
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2H Hard
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H Moderately hard

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F Firm
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HB Medium hard

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B Moderately soft and black High-Str

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3B Very soft and black
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4B, 5B, 6B Very soft and very black Sector [P

7B Softest

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Out of the above 18 grades of pencils, following grades are used in engineering drawings.

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Grade of Pencil Used to Draw between
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3H Construction lines
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2H Dimension lines, center lines, sectional lines, hidden lines of water
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H Object lines, lettering ×
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4/19/2020 Instruments Used in Engineering Drawing -its Uses and Importance
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HB Dimensioning, boundary lines Values of
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Eraser Calculate
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Eraser is used to remove the lines or spots which drawn by mistake or with wrong measurements. The eraser used should be of good qual
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soft. It should not damage the paper while erasing. Concrete Tec
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Paper Holders

When the drawing sheet is placed on the board it may not be in fixed position. To fix the drawing sheet to the board paper holders are use
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Generally used paper holders are thumb pins, spring clips, stick tapes etc. Care should be taken while removing the clips or tapes Types
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sheet may tore. Building

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