Design of multi – purpose mechanical machine

Patel Nirav1, Pandya Yash2, Patel Jay3

Assistant Professor3
Under graduate students1,2

Department of mechanical engineering

Sardar Patel College of Engineering, Bakrol – 388315, India

Abstract: Industries are basically meant for production of useful goods and services at low
production cost, machinery cost and low inventory cost. So, in this paper we have a proposed
a machine which can perform operations like sawing, grinding, cutting, shaping of ‘Multi-
Purpose mechanical machine’. This machine is mainly based on scotch yoke mechanism.
Industries require various type of machining, which is carried out by separate machines. It
needs more space & also expensive to buy individual machines. but this machine can do more
than one operations in single machine. This all operations are driven by single motor.

1. Introduction
Multi-operation machine as a research area is motivated by questions that arise in industrial
Manufacturing & production planning. Today in this world every task has been made fast
due to technology advancement but this advancement also demands huge investments and
expenditure. Every industry has a goal to make high productivity rate maintaining the
quality and standard of the product at low average cost. In an industry, a considerable portion
of investment is being made for machinery installation. So, in this project work is proposed
where a machine is designed which can perform operations like grinding, cutting, shaping,
sawing, etc.

2. Literature Review
At starting of our work, we have undergone through several research papers which indicates
that installation of industrial machine is difficult task. Many factors such as power
consumption, floor area requirement, vibrations, working centres, maintenance cost, time
consumption for a unit production & many more.
Following are the research papers which have led us to idea of this machine & it may give
solutions to all the factors are as follows:

• Heinrich Arnold1 November 2001: Rather long re-investment cycles of about 15 years
have created the notion that innovation in the machine tool industry happens incrementally.
But looking at its recent history, the integration of digital controls technology and computers
into machine tools have hit the industry in three waves of technology shocks. Most
companies underestimated the impact of this new technology. This article gives an overview
of the history of the machine tool industry since numerical controls were invented and
introduced and analyses the disruptive character of this new technology on the market.
About 100 interviews were conducted with decision-makers and industry experts who
witnessed the development of the industry over the last forty years. The study establishes a
connection between radical technological change, industry structure, and competitive
environment. It reveals many important occurrences and interrelations that have so far gone
unnoticed.

• Dr. Toshimichi Moriwaki (2006): Recent trends in the machine tool technologies are
surveyed from the view points of high speed and high performance machine tools, combined
multifunctional machine tools, ultra precision machine tools and advanced and intelligent
control technologies.

• Frankfurt-am Main, 10 January 2011. : The crisis is over, but selling machinery remains
a tough business. Machine tools nowadays have to be veritable “jack of all trades”, able to
handle all kinds of materials, to manage without any process materials as far as possible,
and be capable of adapting to new job profiles with maximized flexibility. Two highly
respected experts on machining and forming from Dortmund and Chemnitz report on what’s
in store for machine tool manufacturers and users. Multi-purpose machines are the
declarations of independence. The trend towards the kind of multipurpose machining centers
that are able to cost efficiently handle a broad portfolio of products with small batch sizes
accelerated significantly during the crisis. “With a multi-purpose machine, you’re less
dependent on particular products and sectors”, explains Biermann

• D.V.Sabarinanda, V.Siddhartha, T.Mohanraj in their paper “Design and Fabrication of

Automated Hacksaw Machine” (April 2014) gives an idea about the various components
required for fabrication of the proposed model. These components will help to get smooth
working condition and future automation of different mechanical actions as well as linkages.

• Prof. Nitinchandra R. Patel, Ravi Thakkar, Miteshkumar Rathwa in his research paper
“Material selection and testing of hacksaw blade based on mechanical properties” stated that
the appropriate saw blade must be selected for better operation and fine cutting by selecting
number of teeth per inch [02].
3. Components & Construction
A. Construction
The arrangement and position of components makes the system to function. In this
project, we generally give the power supply to the shaft on which bevel gear is mounted
on it, and a second gear at a right to it has mounted on a scotch yoke disk shaft on which
whole scotch yoke mechanism is being to work. At other end of the scotch yoke
mechanism shaping tool is also attached. A grinding wheel is also attached through an
extra bevel gear. By this arrangement we can get three or more working centre in this
machine.

B. Working principle
There are only two major principle on which our machine generally works:
1. Scotch – Yoke mechanism
2. Power transmission through bevel gears

C. Components & it’s design

I. Scotch yoke mechanism
The Scotch yoke (also known as slotted link mechanism) is a reciprocating motion
mechanism, converting the linear motion of a slider into rotational motion, or vice
versa.
 II. Bevel Gears
Bevel gears are gears where the axes of the two shafts intersect and the tooth-bearing
faces of the gears themselves are conically shaped.

III. Hacksaw
Hacksaw is used to cut material. In this design, we primarily concentrated on cutting
wood from hacksaw, we can cut metals but for that hacksaw should be changed
according to that.
IV. Grinding wheel

V. Frame
4. Working
The arrangement has electrical motors, bevel gears, long shaft, scotch yoke mechanism,
shaping and grinding set up. The power is transmitted to the long shaft from the electrical motor
which is driven by electrical current. The grinding wheel is attached at the one end of the shaft.
The scotch yoke mechanism is placed at the other end for doing cutting action.
All the operations are carried out by giving electrical current to the motor. It converts electrical
energy into mechanical energy. Then the mechanical energy is transferred to the rotating shaft
and split into different operations.

5. Future implementation
▪ We can perform various operations like cutting, drilling, shaping or grinding individually
by introducing coupling (engagement & disengagement) between them.
▪ We can perform boring operation by introducing a boring tool by replacing drilling tool.
▪ We can change the speed of motor by regulator.

6. Conclusion
After completing the major project “MULTI PURPOSE MECHANICAL MACHINE “we are
much happy and would like to thank our professor, guides and the lectures of the concerned
department who have guided us.
While making this project we have been able to learn a lot and understand the various aspects
of “MULTIPURPOSE MECHANICAL MACHINE “we can use our knowledge, which we get
during our knowledge, which we get during our study.

7. References

[1] Mack. R., Mueller, R., Crotts, J., & Broderick, A. (2000). Perceptions, corrections and
defections: implications for Scotch yoke mechanism, 10(6), 339-346.
[2] Mattila, A.S. (2001). The effectiveness of service recovery in a multi-industry setting.
The Journal of Services Marketing, 15(7), 596-583.
[3] McDougall, G.H.G., & Levesque, T.J. (1999). Waiting for service: the effectiveness of
recovery strategies. International Journal of Contemporary mechanism 11(1), 6-15.
[4] Michel, S. (2001). Analyzing service failures and recoveries a process approach.
International Journal of kinematic links, 12(1), 20-33.

Miller, J.L., Craighead, C.W., & Karwan, K.R. (2000). Service recovery: a framework and
empirical Investigation. Journal of links Management, 18(4), 387-400.