Resrvoir Management - FWR

Summery
This report was prepared mainly for calculating original oil in place OOIP of
Buzurgan oil field, unit MB21, MC1 & MC2 and civilizing the data required
for the simulator that will be used later.
Many steps was made to prepare the data required for calculation OOIP like
the uniform petro physics properties of unit MB21 for the south and north
dome.
Two ways presented for calculating OOIP, first; volumetric method which
based on core data, analysis of logs (CPI), PVT reports, and geological maps,
second; using material balance equation (MBE) includes HAVLENA and
ODEH method which based on production history data.
Next tornado chart performed to notice the more sensitive parameter on the
calculation of OOIP.
Table of content
1. Title sheet.
3. Table of content.
4. Nomenclature.
5. Introduction
6. Technical approach
7. Results and discussion
8. Conclusion and recommendation
1
Nomenclature
2
Introduction
Reservoir management definition

Petroleum reservoir management is the application of state of the art
technology to a known reservoir system within a given management
environment. Reservoir management can be thought of as that set of
operations and decision, by which a reservoir identified, measured,
produced, developed, monitored, and evaluated from its discovery
through depletion and final abandonment.
The target of reservoir management:-

Reservoir management is the process of using available resources (human,
technology, and financial) to maximize profits from reservoir by optimizing
recovery, while minimizing capital investment and operating expenses,
reservoir management can be used to find the suitable solution of a problem
may exist by depending on reliable facts and available tools, in spite of
reservoir can produced without management but the maximum recovery can be
obtained by applying reservoir management, reservoir management had been
developed through many years due to its importance passing into the same
stages with the progress of technology and using computers to do the job more
faster and accurately like using network to communicate, 3d-seismic
techniques which can help in the discovery of new reserves in the fields to be
managed, in order to have a successful reservoir management, it should be
applied by integrated team which consist of geologist and geophysics, reservoir
engineers, economics, drilling engineers, etc…, on the other hand team
members have to cooperate, where each member have to take the responsibility
of doing his job precisely because the results will be dependent by other group
members hence successful reservoir management depends on the accurate
selection of team members and the cooperation between them, as a result of
such combination the field will programmed effectively to obtain the maximum
production with minimum costs which is the main goal of reservoir
management.
3
Fundamental of reservoir management
The prime object of reservoir management is the economic optimization of oil
and gas recovery, which can be obtained by the following steps:
1- Identify and define all individual reservoir in a particular field and their
physical properties.
2- Deduce past and predict future reservoir performance.
3- Minimize drilling of unnecessary wells.
4- Define and modify well bore and surface system.
5- Initiate operating controls at the proper time.
6- Consider all pertinent economic and legal factors.
Reservoir management philosophies

The following question and answer will explain the reservoir management
philosophies:
1- When should reservoir management start?
- The ideal time to start managing a reservoir is at its discovery.
2- What, how, and when to collect data?
- The team members must convince the management to obtain necessary

data to evaluate the reservoir system and they should participate in making
operating decisions.
3- What kinds of questions should be asked if we want to ensure the right

answer in the process of reservoir management?
- The modern reservoir management process involves goal setting,

planning, implementing, monitoring, evaluating, and revising plane so
setting a reservoir management strategy requires knowledge of the
4
reservoir, availability of technology, knowledge of business political, and
environmental climate.
Elements of reservoir management:
1- Knowledge about the entity being managed.

2- The management environment.
3- The available technology.
Buzurgan Oil Field is one of the Iraqi oil fields. It is located south-east of
Iraq near the Iraqi-Iranian borders, about 60 kilometers to the south-east of Al-
Emara City, the center of Missan Governorate.
The structure elongates from the northern-west to the southern-east, consist of
two-dome, the southern dome is larger and higher than the northern dome.
The structural contour maps on Mishrif formation show that BUZURGAN oil
field is an anticline fold with 60 KM long and 8 KM width.
The first exploration wells (BU-1) was drilled in the north dome in 1969, the
second exploration wells (BU-3) was drilled in the south dome in 1970. After
the research and studies which focused on Mishrif formation, the decision of
production was taken 1975 by drilling a well in the south dome followed by
another one in the north dome 1976.
Mishrif formation consists of six units: MA, MB11, MB12, MB21, MC1 and
MC2.
Above the Mishrif formation, there is Alkaseeb formation (it represents as a
cap rock for Mishrif) and under it Al_Rumila formation.
The Mishirif structure is divided into three segments: north dome, south dome,
and saddle
5
STRUCTURE OF F.W.R.
This F.W.R. was structured as follows:
1. Contour maps were drawn for three units of Buzurgan oil field which are
MB21, MC1, and MC2 ( top & bottom for each unit ).
2. Drawing a topography-profile section for each dome to explain the extension
for the structure of each dome.
3. A drilling program was made for new well located at the north dome, the
location of new well was chosen based on petrophysics and isopach maps,
while drilling program constructed by depending on the nearby wells that
drilled already.
3. The porosity cutoff value of unit MB21, MC1 & MC2 was predicted in order
to be used later in the calculation of net pay zone, average water saturation, and
average porosity for each unit.
4. The value of net pay zone, average water saturation, and average porosity
have to be calculated because it will be used in the calculation of OOIP by
volumetric method, for this purpose the value of water saturation cutoff have to
be predicated.
5. ROS is the oil saturation remaining in the reservoir after extraction by
conventional recovery methods, such as water flowing. The amount and
distribution of residual oil in a reservoir are significant factors in deciding
whether EOR methods are suitable for economic exploitation of a reservoir.
6. The estimations for each term of SOR & Swi has several methods to get it
such as Kr & Sw and Pc & Sw and each one has its parameters and there are
many factors take effect. So, the estimation of many parameters depends on PC
such as SOR,Swi,WOC and free water level (according to the Leverett
concept).
7. Cross section, cross sand, net sand and net pay zone all these terms
represents an appropriate stage to get values help us to interpretive the
reservoir state by using CPI concept. After that, Sw average, Φ average & Hnet
were estimated depending on CPI concept.
8. PVTP (pressure, temperature and volume program) helps to find a
relationship between many parameters then finding a suitable solution to
minimize the errors that found during the estimation of these parameters
specially when there are many factors may affect badly on these values.
6
9. Bulk volume was calculated and BOi was obtained from PVT report, hence
all required parameter for volumetric method was predicted the final step is a
simple hand calculation was applied to calculate OOIP by volumetric method.
Technical approach
1. Drawing contour map for the top of north and south dome and for units
MB21, MC1, MC2.
1. Open the Didger and upload the image of the top contour map of the MB21.
2. Calibrate the image.
3. Draw the contour line by use digitize polygon for the close contour and
digitize polyline for open contour.
4. Inter the depth of the contour itself when draw the top of MB21 and inter
the sum of the thickness and the depth of the layer when draw the bottom of
the unit.
5. After finish the drawing of all the contour lines, select export and then
select golden software data as a format type of the exported file.
6. Open the Surfer software and select Grid then data for the exported file
from the Didger then select map then use contour map to get your contour
map.
7. To place the wells in its position on the contour map, use digitize point in
the Didger to add the wells and its depth on the map and then the follow the
same procedure to draw contour map but now, use post map instead of
contour map on Surfer to get the well position map.
7
2. Drawing a topography-profile section for each dome.
In order to draw a topographic profile along a desired line on a topo. map, put
the straight edge of a piece of paper between the end points of the line. Mark
with a tick mark on the edge of the paper wherever the paper crosses a contour
line. Label each tick mark with the elevation of the corresponding contour line.
Place the edge of the paper along the x-axis of a graph paper. Note the
minimum and maximum elevations along the line you've recorded. Label the
graph's y-axis with elevation values ensuring that they encompass the
minimum and maximum values recorded previously. Therefore the x-axis
corresponds to the horizontal distance of the line on map. The y-axis represents
the elevation of points along the line. On the graph paper, plot the
corresponding elevation above each tick mark. By connecting the dots, the
elevation profile along the line of interest is drawn.
3. Design a well located on north dome.

1. The location was chosen carefully depending on petro physics maps &
isopach map where the location that have the best petro physics properties with
high thickness been chosen.
2. Many programs were established like, drilling, mud, log, cementing, etc…,
these program was chosen depending on nearby wells, also the problems that
faced previous wells was treated with suitable solution.
3. BuN is the 6th well drilled in the northern culmination of Buzurgan structure
and the 4th development well of this dome for Mishrif reservoir.
4. It was located approximately at X=710.402 , Y= 3572.577 .
5. Total depth= 13463 ft
• An image was attached to explain how a well was drilled and the types of
each casing and its grades. Besides, there is an additional formation can
be used in this program at this image.
4. The estimation of porosity cutoff value of unit MB21, MC1 & MC2
● The values of porosity and permeability are taken from final reports of core
samples and sorted for each unit (MB21,, MC1 & MC2).
8
● These taken data are corrected if there are huge values of porosity to clear the
unexpected errors to get perfect work.
● The scatter chart is drawn between the porosity in x-axes and permeability on
y-axes for each unit.
● The best curve fitting is done by adding trend line, then the cut off porosity
value is obtained by intersecting a line from the o.1mD to the curve fitting line
and read the value of cut off porosity in x-axes for each
unit(MB21,MC1,MC2).
● The relationship between porosity and permeability is drawn for three units
in one graph.
● The thickness core that are associated with porosity and permeability are
taken and sorted in excel versus for porosity and permeability.
● The fraction of storage capacity is calculated by using this eq. ∑φh/∑φhT
and applying the variables required .then, a relationship is drawn in excel so
that the porosity in x-axis and fraction of storage in y_ axes.
● The flow capacity is calculated by using this eq. ∑k*h/ ∑k*hT and
applying all variables required . Then, a relationship is drawn in excel so that
the permeability in x_ axis and the flow capacity in y_ axes.
● A graph is drawn between cumulative thickness in y-axes and the porosity in
x-axes to get a relationship between them as pay thickness.
● The arithmetic and harmonic average of porosity and permeability are
calculated by using these equations:
φa=∑ φh/∑h , φh=∑ h /∑h/φ
Ka=∑φh/∑h Kh=∑h /∑h/φ
9
5. Finding the Swc and Sor for all units of Buzurgan oil field depending on
the special core analyses that we got it from the field management.
● We use the special core analysis of the wells that drilled on the Buzurgan
field and we find only two wells BU-3, BU-4 which has best special core
analysis that we can use it in this report.
● From special core analysis we take the images of Kro vs Sw and Krw and
Sw then use Didger software to calibrate the image then put the mouse on the
points that the cross plot draw from them to read the values of Sw, Krw and
Kro for each core sample.
● After that I take the depth of the core and see if it on MB21, MC1 or MC2.
●Tthen take all the values of Sw, Kro and Krw and draw it by use excel
software putting Sw on X-axis and Krw, Kro on Y-axis & draw the best curve
which go through the points and then read Swc and Sor which we want to get
it.
6. Estimation of SOR,Swi,WOC and free water level (according to the

Leverett concept ) depending on Pc concept.
● First of all, columns of Sw & Pc were generated and can get them from
special core analysis for different depths and the way we obtained it the same
as previous report ( relative permeability & Sw ) by cut the PDF paper by
snipping tool to convert it into JPG image to handle it in didger software.
● After that, calibration should be made to get four points and then estimate pc
for each depth; besides SW.
After the data was been completed for each well ( BU3 & BU4 ), J which
represents Leverett J function should be obtained by the following equation :-
0.21∗𝑃𝐶 𝐾
J= 𝛷
Ɣ
● When the data had been completed, schematic graph can be drawn now
between ( SW & PC ) and ( SW & J ) and (pc vs J) for each well that consisted
for each core in this well.
10
● Another graph should be drawn for the unit that provided these wells MB21.
● Readings for each 10% of SW took a reading for each J then, J would make a
correction for pc reading because J contains parameters ( pc , k and Φ ).
● Finally, a table should be formed for each ( sw , pc , j , Kro and Krw ) to
explain the relation in each saturation that we took.
reservoir state by using CPI concept. After that, Sw average, Φ average &
Hnet were estimated depending on CPI concept.
● First, all of logging data for each well was taken as images.
● Digder & surfer software were used to ease the estimation of each well.
● Calibration should be done first. Then, surfer was used to convert these data
into digital data and use it by excel software.
● Excel contained porosity and depth; besides, saturation and depth for several
depths.
● If the porosity is less than 6 % and the saturation more than 60 % then, these
values should be excluded.
● After that, average porosity and saturation were calculated by arithmetic
way.
● These steps are shown us how to get the net sand after a long and
complicated processes.
● These equations are used to get, at least, the perfect values for porosity and
saturation.
8. PVT analysis and rock properties

● We collect the data of pressure and oil formation from the pvt report and
draw Bo property versus pressure for the different wells that contained in this
report.
11
● The procedure of unitization was done by taking the best fit line to the most
similar wells in behavior and we consider that fit line as a representation to the
reservoir behavior for that property.
● We neglect the wells that not show close approach from the similar wells.
● The Boi and the Pb is not equal in the all wells so, we used the PVTP
software to get as much as fitting value between Bo measured by PVT and the
Bo which we get it from the PVTP by using the best correlation with les
applying the PVTP and get new value of Bo. We draw Bo with pressure but we
see there is no fitting in the value of Bo so we separate the Bo of unit MB21
error in its calculation.
● From the unit of MC1 by using the depth of the sampling. After that we draw
Bo vs. pressure for each unit and measure the Boi from the graph
9. Calculating OOIP by volumetric method.

After calculating porosity, saturation, and net pay zone for unit MB21&
MC1, the only missing parameter are Boi & BV (bulk volume).
● Take the contour maps of the top and bottom of MB21 and MC1 units and
insert it into DIDGER.
● Select the contour lines for each line of the top of MB21 of the south dome,
click on each line then it will appear the area for this contour line.
● Made a table contain the depth vs. area of each contour.
● Draw a curve between depth on Y-axis and the area on X-axis of the top of
MB21 of south dome.
● Repeat the procedure from 1 to 4 but now for the bottom of MB21 of the
south and draw the curve in the same graph of the top MB21.
● From the CPI we use the log data to detect the depth of the oil water contact
and draw it on the graph.
● Complete the curve of the top to the Y-axis but doesn’t make it reach the
depth interval.
12
● We have a close area which enclosed by the curve of the top from the top
and oil water contact and the curve of bottom from the bottom.
● Use the Didger software to measure the area under curve which represent as
bulk volume of the unit MB21 of the south dome.
● Repeat the whole procedure but now for the bottom of MC1 of the south
dome and the MB21 and MC1 for the north dome.
● Calculate the summation of the bulk volume of MB21 and MC1 of the south
dome and apply it on the equation of initial oil in place.
● Calculate the summation of the bulk volume of MB21 and MC1 of the north
dome and apply it on the equation of initial oil in place.
Results
MB21, MC1, MC2
From the contour map, we can see that the structure of the Buzurkan field
represent as a two dome separated by saddle and the southern dome is lager
and thicker than the northern one and also the most drilled well drilled on the
southern dome.
We found a problem when we drew the map because the map of well position
was not fit to the contour map so we change the scale of the well position map
and give it the scale of the contour map to be fit with it.
When we want to draw the bottom of the map, we have to find a well that it
locate on the contour or very close to if to take the depth of the well and add it
to the thickness of the layer to get the new depth of the contour of the bottom
map and after we draw this contour we draw the other contours by add the map
interval to the first contour that we dawn it.
From cross section it was easily to notice that the south dome is thicker than
north dome.
The result of our job in this part represented as graphs show the top and bottom
for each unit.
13
N
BUZURKAN FIELD
MISHRIF FORMATION
STRACTURAL COUNTOR MAP
ON
THE TOP OF THE UNIT MB21
COUNTOR INTERVAL = 10m
SCALE (1=200000) cm
DATE 24\10\2013
14
N
BUZURKAN FIELD
MISHRIF FORMATION
ON
THE bottom OF THE UNIT MB21
SCALE (1=200000) cm
DATE 24\10\2013
15
N
BUZURKAN FIELD
MISHRIF FORMATION
ON
THE TOP OF THE UNIT MC1
SCALE (1=200000) cm
DATE 24\10\2013
16
N
BUZURKAN FIELD
MISHRIF FORMATION
ON
THE BOTTOM OF THE UNIT MC1
SCALE (1=200000) cm
DATE 24\10\2013
17
N
BUZURKAN FIELD
MISHRIF FORMATION
ON
THE TOP OF THE UNIT MC2
SCALE (1=200000) cm
DATE 24\10\2013
18
N
BUZURKAN FIELD
MISHRIF FORMATION
ON
THE BOTTOM OF THE UNIT MC2
SCALE (1=200000) cm
DATE 24\10\2013
19
20
21
22
BU-N
X= 710,402
Y= 3572,577
23
MB 21
Φ sorted h ∑h φh ∑φh ∑φh/∑φhT φ/h
29.5 1 1 29.5 29.5 0.001593131 0.033898
28.5 0 1 0 29.5 0.001593131 0
27.5 0 1 0 29.5 0.001593131 0
26.5 5 6 132.5 162 0.008748717 0.188679
25.5 4 10 102 264 0.014257169 0.156863
24.5 6 16 147 411 0.02219582 0.244898
23.5 24 40 564 975 0.052654318 1.021277
22.5 34 74 765 1740 0.093967705 1.511111
21.5 56 130 1204 2944 0.158989037 2.604651
20.5 84 214 1722 4666 0.251984663 4.097561
19.5 115 329 2242.5 6908.5 0.373089593 5.897436
18.5 118 447 2183 9091.5 0.49098126 6.378378
17.5 109 556 1907.5 10999 0.593994708 6.228571
16.5 123 679 2029.5 13028.5 0.703596695 7.454545
15.5 101 780 1565.5 14594 0.788140628 6.516129
14.5 76 856 1102 15696 0.847653508 5.241379
13.5 62 918 837 16533 0.892855214 4.592593
12.5 52 970 650 17183 0.927958093 4.16
11.5 51 1021 586.5 17769.5 0.95963169 4.434783
10.5 26 1047 273 18042.5 0.974374899 2.47619
9.5 22 1069 209 18251.5 0.985661824 2.315789
8.5 9 1078 76.5 18328 0.989793163 1.058824
7.5 9 1087 67.5 18395.5 0.993438462 1.2
6.5 9 1096 58.5 18454 0.996597721 1.384615
5.5 4 1100 22 18476 0.997785818 0.727273
4.5 1 1101 4.5 18480.5 0.998028838 0.222222
3.5 5 1106 17.5 18498 0.998973916 1.428571
2.5 7 1113 17.5 18515.5 0.999918993 2.8
1.5 1 1114 1.5 18517 1 0.666667
∑=1114 ∑=18517 ∑=75.0429
Φa=16.62208 φh=14.84484 φg=12.42613

24
MC 1
Φ sorted h ∑h φh ∑φh ∑φh/ φht φ/h
29.5 1 1 29.5 29.5 0.065628476 0.033898
28.5 1 2 28.5 58 0.129032258 0.035088
27.5 1 3 27.5 85.5 0.190211346 0.036364
26.5 1 4 26.5 112 0.24916574 0.037736
25.5 1 5 25.5 137.5 0.305895439 0.039216
24.5 1 6 24.5 162 0.360400445 0.040816
23.5 1 7 23.5 185.5 0.412680756 0.042553
22.5 1 8 22.5 208 0.462736374 0.044444
21.5 1 9 21.5 229.5 0.510567297 0.046512
20.5 1 10 20.5 250 0.556173526 0.04878
19.5 1 11 19.5 269.5 0.599555061 0.051282
18.5 1 12 18.5 288 0.640711902 0.054054
17.5 1 13 17.5 305.5 0.679644049 0.057143
16.5 1 14 16.5 322 0.716351502 0.060606
15.5 1 15 15.5 337.5 0.75083426 0.064516
14.5 1 16 14.5 352 0.783092325 0.068966
13.5 1 17 13.5 365.5 0.813125695 0.074074
12.5 1 18 12.5 378 0.840934372 0.08
11.5 1 19 11.5 389.5 0.866518354 0.086957
10.5 1 20 10.5 400 0.889877642 0.095238
9.5 1 21 9.5 409.5 0.911012236 0.105263
8.5 1 22 8.5 418 0.929922136 0.117647
7.5 1 23 7.5 425.5 0.946607341 0.133333
6.5 1 24 6.5 432 0.961067853 0.153846
5.5 1 25 5.5 437.5 0.973303671 0.181818
4.5 1 26 4.5 442 0.983314794 0.222222
3.5 1 27 3.5 445.5 0.991101224 0.285714
2.5 1 28 2.5 448 0.996662959 0.4
1.5 1 29 1.5 449.5 1 0.666667
∑=29 ∑=449.5 ∑=3.3647
Φa=15.5 φh=8.6187 φg=12.426
25
MC 2
Φ Sorted h ∑h Φh ∑Φh ∑Φh/∑ΦhT φ/h
29.5 0 0 0 0 0 0
28.5 1 1 28.5 28.5 0.011820821 0.035088
27.5 0 1 0 28.5 0.011820821 0
26.5 0 1 0 28.5 0.011820821 0
25.5 0 1 0 28.5 0.011820821 0
24.5 1 2 24.5 53 0.02198258 0.040816
23.5 0 2 0 53 0.02198258 0
22.5 3 5 67.5 120.5 0.049979262 0.133333
21.5 2 7 43 163.5 0.067814185 0.093023
20.5 6 13 123 286.5 0.118830361 0.292683
19.5 4 17 78 364.5 0.151182082 0.205128
18.5 10 27 185 549.5 0.227913729 0.540541
17.5 14 41 245 794.5 0.329531315 0.8
16.5 19 60 313.5 1108 0.459560348 1.151515
15.5 21 81 325.5 1433.5 0.59456657 1.354839
14.5 13 94 188.5 1622 0.672749896 0.896552
13.5 16 110 216 1838 0.762339278 1.185185
12.5 7 117 87.5 1925.5 0.798631273 0.56
11.5 18 135 207 2132.5 0.884487764 1.565217
10.5 9 144 94.5 2227 0.923683119 0.857143
9.5 2 146 19 2246 0.931563667 0.210526
8.5 5 151 42.5 2288.5 0.949191207 0.588235
7.5 7 158 52.5 2341 0.970966404 0.933333
6.5 6 164 39 2380 0.987142265 0.923077
5.5 4 168 22 2402 1 0.727273
4.5 2 170 9 2411 1 0.444444
3.5 0 170 0 2411 1 0
2.5 0 170 0 2411 1 0
1.5 0 170 0 2411 1 0
∑=170 ∑=2411 ∑=13.538
Φa=14.18235 φh=12.55729 φg=11.1641
26
MB21
interval k h ∑h h*k ∑k*h Capacity h/k ∑h/∑k

K sorted flow
0-25 12.5 958 958 11975 11975 0.42 76.64 76.64
25-50 37.5 60 1018 2250 14225 0.499 1.6 78.24
50-75 62.5 32 1050 2000 16225 0.569 0.512 78.75
75-100 87.5 14 1064 1225 17450 0.612 0.16 78.91
100-125 112.2 5 1069 561 18011 0.632 0.045 78.96
125-150 137.5 4 1073 550 18561 0.651 0.029 78.99
150-175 162.5 2 1075 325 18886 0.662 0.012 79
175-200 187.5 2 1077 375 19261 0.676 0.011 79.01
200-225 212.5 4 1081 850 20111 0.705 0.019 79.03
225-250 237.5 1 1082 237.5 20349 0.714 0.004 79.03
250-275 262.5 2 1084 525 20874 0.732 0.008 79.04
275-300 287.5 0 1084 0 20874 0.732 0 79.04
300-325 312.5 0 1084 0 20874 0.732 0 79.04
325-350 337.5 0 1084 0 20874 0.732 0 79.04
350-400 362.5 0 1084 0 20874 0.732 0 79.04
375-400 387.5 2 1086 775 21649 0.759 0.005 79.04
400-425 412.5 1 1087 412.5 22061 0.774 0.002 79.05
425-450 437.5 0 1087 0 22061 0.774 0 79.05
450-475 462.5 0 1087 0 22061 0.774 0 79.05
475-500 487.5 2 1089 975 23036 0.808 0.004 79.05
500-525 512.5 1 1090 512.5 23549 0.826 0.002 79.05
525-550 537.5 0 1090 0 23549 0.826 0 79.05
550-575 562.5 1 1091 562.5 24111 0.846 0.002 79.05
575-600 587.5 1 1092 587.5 24699 0.866 0.002 79.06
600-625 612.5 0 1092 0 24699 0.866 0 79.06
625-650 637.5 0 1092 0 24699 0.866 0 79.06
650-675 662.5 0 1092 0 24699 0.866 0 79.06
675-700 687.5 0 1092 0 24699 0.866 0 79.06
700-725 712.5 0 1092 0 24699 0.866 0 79.06
725-750 737.5 1 1093 737.5 25436 0.892 0.001 79.06
750-775 762.5 3 1096 2288 27724 0.972 0.004 79.06
775-800 787.5 1 1097 787.5 28511 1 0.001 79.06
800-825 812.5 0 1097 0 28511 1 0 79.06
825-850 837.5 0 1097 0 28511 1 0 79.06
850-875 862.5 0 1097 0 28511 1 0 79.06
875-900 887.5 0 1097 0 28511 1 0 79.06
900-925 912.5 0 1097 0 28511 1 0 79.06
925-950 937.5 0 1097 0 28511 1 0 79.06
950-975 962.5 0 1097 0 28511 1 0 79.06
975- 987.5 0 1097 0 28511 1 0 79.06
1000
Ka = 25.9 Kh = 13.88
27
MC1
k Capacity
interval K sorted h Σh h*k Σ k*h flow h/k Σh/k
0-25 12.5 253 253 64009 64009 0.658000781 20.24 20.24
25-50 37.5 33 286 9438 73447 0.75502169 0.88 21.12
50-75 62.5 17 303 5151 78598 0.807973026 0.272 21.392
75-100 87.5 10 313 3130 81728 0.840148852 0.114286 21.50629
100-125 112.2 6 319 1914 83642 0.859824421 0.053476 21.55976
125-150 137.5 9 328 2952 86594 0.890170439 0.065455 21.62522
150-175 162.5 4 332 1328 87922 0.903822036 0.024615 21.64983
175-200 187.5 2 334 668 88590 0.910688953 0.010667 21.6605
200-225 212.5 4 338 1352 89942 0.924587265 0.018824 21.67932
225-250 237.5 2 340 680 90622 0.931577541 0.008421 21.68774
250-275 262.5 0 340 0 90622 0.931577541 0 21.68774
275-300 287.5 2 342 684 91306 0.938608935 0.006957 21.6947
300-325 312.5 0 342 0 91306 0.938608935 0 21.6947
325-350 337.5 2 344 688 91994 0.945681449 0.005926 21.70063
350-400 362.5 2 346 692 92686 0.952795082 0.005517 21.70614
375-400 387.5 1 347 347 93033 0.956362178 0.002581 21.70872
400-425 412.5 0 347 0 93033 0.956362178 0 21.70872
425-450 437.5 2 349 698 93731 0.96353749 0.004571 21.71329
450-475 462.5 2 351 702 94433 0.970753922 0.004324 21.71762
475-500 487.5 1 352 352 94785 0.974372417 0.002051 21.71967
500-525 512.5 0 352 0 94785 0.974372417 0 21.71967
525-550 537.5 1 353 353 95138 0.978001192 0.00186 21.72153
550-575 562.5 0 353 0 95138 0.978001192 0 21.72153
575-600 587.5 1 354 354 95492 0.981640248 0.001702 21.72323
600-625 612.5 0 354 0 95492 0.981640248 0 21.72323
625-650 637.5 0 354 0 95492 0.981640248 0 21.72323
650-675 662.5 2 356 712 96204 0.988959477 0.003019 21.72625
675-700 687.5 0 356 0 96204 0.988959477 0 21.72625
700-725 712.5 0 356 0 96204 0.988959477 0 21.72625
725-750 737.5 0 356 0 96204 0.988959477 0 21.72625
750-775 762.5 0 356 0 96204 0.988959477 0 21.72625
775-800 787.5 0 356 0 96204 0.988959477 0 21.72625
800-825 812.5 1 357 357 96561 0.992629371 0.001231 21.72748
825-850 837.5 0 357 0 96561 0.992629371 0 21.72748
850-875 862.5 1 358 358 96919 0.996309546 0.001159 21.72864
875-900 887.5 0 358 0 96919 0.996309546 0 21.72864
900-925 912.5 0 358 0 96919 0.996309546 0 21.72864
925-950 937.5 0 358 0 96919 0.996309546 0 21.72864
950-975 962.5 0 358 0 96919 0.996309546 0 21.72864
975-1000 987.5 0 358 0 96919 0.996309546 0 21.72864
1000-1025 1012.5 1 359 359 97278 1 0.000988 21.72963
Ka = 270.9694 Kh = 16.52122
28
MC 2
k.
sorte Capacit
interval d h ∑h k.h Σkh y flow h/k Σ h/k
13 0.46101
0-10 5 6 136 680 680 7 27.2 27.2
0.68474 1.46666 28.6666
10_20 15 22 158 330 1010 6 7 7
0.78644 28.9066
20_30 25 6 164 150 1160 1 0.24 7
0.83389 0.05714 28.9638
30_40 35 2 166 70 1230 8 3 1
0.83389 28.9638
40_50 45 0 166 0 1230 8 0 1
0.87118 0.01818 28.9819
50_60 55 1 167 55 1285 6 2 9
0.91525 0.01538 28.9973
60_70 65 1 168 65 1350 4 5 8
0.91525 28.9973
70_80 75 0 168 0 1350 4 0 8
0.91525 28.9973
80_90 85 0 168 0 1350 4 0 8
0.91525 28.9973
90_100 95 0 168 0 1350 4 0 8
100_11 0.91525 28.9973
0 105 0 168 0 1350 4 0 8
110_12 0.91525 28.9973
0 115 0 168 0 1350 4 0 8
120_13 29.0053
0 125 1 169 125 1475 1 0.008 8
Ka = 8.727811 Kh = 5.826506
29
MC 1 y = 0.01e0.384x
1000
R² =0.51
K
100
10
1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
0.1
porosity %
cut off= 6%
0.01
10000
MB 21
K x0.442e0.01y=
1000 0.487= ² R
100
10
1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
porosity %
0.1
cut off= 5.1%
0.01
30
MC 2 x0.383e0.01y=
K 0.509= ² R
md100
10
1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
porosity
0.1
%
cut off=6%
0.01
`
10000
K
md
1000
MC 1
100 MB
21
MC 2 (21Linear (MB
10 (1Linear (MC
(2Linear (MC
1
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
porosity %
0.1
0.01
31
MB 21
fraction of total storge

1.2
0.8
0.6
fraction of total storge
0.4
0.2
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
MB 21
cumulative thickness
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
32
MB 21
cumulative storage capacity

20000
18000
16000
14000
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
MC 1
cumulative thikness
400
350
300
250
200
cumulative thikness
150
100
50
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
33
MC 1
cumulative storge cpacity

5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
cumulative storge cpacity
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
MC 1
friction of total cpacity

1.2
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
34
MC 2
1.2
friction of total capacity
1
friction of total storage
0.8
0.6
friction of total capacity

0.4
0.2
0
0 5 10 Φ %15 20 25 30 35
MC 2
cummulative thickness
180
160
140
120
100
80
cummulative thickness
60
40
20
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Φ%
35
MC 2

3000
2500
2000
1500

1000
500
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Φ%
MB 21 capacity flow vs. permeability

1.2
0.8
0.6
21mb
0.4
0.2
0
1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0
36
FLOW CAPACITY vs PERMAPALETY MC1
1.2
0.8
flow capacity
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0
K md
MC2 FLOW CAPACITY vs PERMAPALETY

1.2
0.8
0.6
Σkh/Σkht
0.4
0.2
0
0 20 40 60k.sorted80 100 120 140
37
MB 21
1.2
Kr
w
Sw VS Kro
Kr1
o
0.8
Sw VS Krw
0.6
0.4
Sor=19 %
0.2
Swc=35.5 %
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 Sw % 60 70 80 90 100
38
6. Estimation of SOR,Swi,WOC and free water level (according to the
A table was attached to show the readings for Sw 10% - 100% and show the
values for each of J & PC.
0.21∗𝑃𝐶 𝐾
J= 𝛷
Ɣ
This formula can obtained the value of Leverett J function for each depth to
correct the values of PC.
Swi=25%
SOR=HARD TO FIND and I will discuss this Issue
SW % Kro Krw
10 _ _
20 1.09 _
30 0.93 0.1
40 0.75 0.17
50 0.43 0.21
60 0.27 0.31
70 0.13 0.37
80 0.002 0.40
90 0 _
100 0 _
39
BU3 BU4
SW SW
% PC(BAR) J (BAR) PC(BAR) J (BAR) %
10 37.596 0.2624 42.83 2.792 10
20 7.175 0.04146 7.926 0.2312 20
30 3.008 0.01409 2.954 0.05385 30
40 1.149 0.00655 1.4667 0.01915 40
50 0.633 0.00361 0.852 0.00858 50
60 0.389 0.00222 0.5466 0.00445 60
70 0.257 0.00147 0.3756 0.00256 70
80 0.18 0.00103 0.2714 0.00158 80
90 0.1333 0.000757 0.2037 0.00103 90
100 0.1 0.000572 0.1576 0.000711 100 BU-
4
depth V porosity K 0.033 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 1 2 3 5
12639 H 19.3 28 99.7 99.5 99.3 94 81.8 72.7 59.4 51.6 44.7 39.9 35.6
12640 H 23.4 37.1 99.8 99.7 99.3 95 79.4 63.5 52 44.2 38.8 35.8 32.6
12647 H 21.7 205 87.2 82.5 73.5 55.7 46.8 40.1 33 27.5 24.4 22.5 20.7
12649 H 15.9 24.3 99.6 98.9 95.5 82.1 73.8 65.2 54.2 45.1 40.9 36.7 31.9
12655 H 14.9 2.64 99.7 99.5 99.4 97.3 89.7 82.2 70 59.7 53.7 50.3 45
12661 H 16.3 11.7 99.8 99.4 99.3 92.1 87.4 82.4 74 63.2 60.6 57.3 54.1
12682 H 19.2 3.27 99.5 99.2 98.7 98.1 97.5 96 91.4 78.4 67 61.5 54.9
12687 H 16.6 4.18 98.8 98.8 98.3 96.3 94.7 93.1 88.7 80.4 73 67.2 60.3
12703 H 14.4 72 98.9 98 96.8 92.6 89.8 87 82 73.6 63.2 57.8 52.5
12708 H 19.7 39.6 99.3 99.3 99.2 98.6 98.2 96.4 88.4 76.9 69.4 64.5 58.5
12711 H 11.2 0.9 99.6 99.3 98.8 97.7 97.5 97.5 96.7 92.7 86.1 82.3 75.9
12717 H 18.5 9.5 99.4 99.1 98.7 96.8 94.9 90.5 75.6 61.4 56.7 53.1 50.7
12725 H 19.7 66.5 99.2 95.6 86.5 64.2 52 47.5 42.7 38.8 36.7 35.2 34
40
12736 H 16.7 6.3 99.4 99.3 99.1 97.4 95.2 91.9 80.4 65.6 52.4 47.1 43.2
12741 H 18.2 37 98.8 98.3 94.9 88.1 81.4 75.1 59 48 43.4 40.6 38.3
12747 H 13.1 375 68.6 63.9 58.2 51.4 48.6 45.7 42.5 37.8 32.9 30.1 27.1
12755 H 16.3 61.2 97 95.5 94.3 91.5 89.7 88.2 85 79 71 66.3 61.6
12758 H 15.5 22.3 97.9 96.7 95.1 91.1 87.5 80.2 63.7 50.2 43.8 40.5 37.1
12765 H 19.9 28.6 99.5 99.2 98.6 96.1 86 75.4 60.4 52.7 50.9 49.9 48.4
12774 H 18.8 29.1 97.7 95.2 92.6 81.2 70.5 61 50.7 38.2 30.2 25.6 22.8
12777 H 18.1 6.2 99.2 98.7 98.4 96.7 94.6 89.2 80.4 69.9 58.8 51.8 43.4
12779 H 17.1 19.5 99.7 99.6 99.3 97.2 95 91.7 84.7 79 67.1 73.5 70.4
12780 H 17 9 99.5 99.3 98.5 95.2 92.3 88.6 80.2 70.8 63.5 58.8 52.3
12792 H 13.6 3.6 99.3 98.9 98 95.2 92.8 87.6 76.3 66 61.9 57.6 53.7
12801 H 19.2 1700 72.6 63.3 47.7 31.7 29.1 27 25 23.8 23.4 23.1 22.4
12803 H 21.2 3060 56.9 53.1 40.8 31.7 28.4 26.4 24.3 23 22.5 22.1 21.3
12817 H 19.5 55.8 99.5 99.3 98.7 97.8 96 92.6 79.3 63.8 56.3 52.7 48.7
12822 H 17.2 5.4 99.5 99.4 99.1 38.8 97.6 94.3 81.3 69.5 62.3 57 52
12825 H 21.6 18.1 99.1 98.9 98.2 97.3 96.3 98.4 77.1 64.6 56 49.5 44.9
BU-4
J J2 J3 J4 J5 J6 J7 J8 J9 J10 J11
0.002 0.004 0.007 0.014 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.14 0.2 0.4
0.002 0.004 0.008 0.015 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.15 0.2 0.4
0.006 0.009 0.018 0.037 0.06 0.07 0.01 0.08 0.37 0.6 0.9
0.002 0.004 0.007 0.015 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.15 0.2 0.4
8E-04 0.001 0.003 0.005 8E-04 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.1 0.1
0.002 0.003 0.005 0.001 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.05 001 0.2 0.3
8E-05 0.001 0.002 0.005 7E-04 1E03 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.1 0.1
1E-04 0.002 0.003 0.006 9E-04 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.06 0.1 0.2
0.004 0.007 0.013 0.027 0.04 0.05 0.08 0.03 0.27 0.4 0.7
0.003 0.004 0.009 0.017 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.09 0.17 0.3 0.4
6E-05 9E-05 0.002 0.003 5E-04 7E04 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.1 0.1
0.001 0.002 0.004 0.009 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.09 0.1 0.2
41
0.004 0.006 0.011 0.022 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.01 0.22 0.3 0.6
0.001 0.002 0.004 0.007 0.01 0.01 0.2 0.04 0.07 0.1 0.2
0.003 0.004 0.009 0.017 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.09 0.17 0.3 0.4
0.001 0.016 0.032 0.064 0.01 0.13 0.09 0.02 0.64 1 1.6
0.004 0.006 0.012 0.023 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.02 0.23 0.3 0.6
0.002 0.004 0.007 0.014 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.14 0.2 0.4
0.002 0.004 0.007 0.014 0.02 0.03 0.4 0.07 0.14 0.2 04
0.002 0.004 0.007 0.015 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.15 0.2 0.4
0.001 0.002 0.004 0.007 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.07 0.1 0.2
0.002 0.003 0.006 0.013 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.13 0.2 0.3
0.001 0.002 0.004 0.009 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.09 0.1 0.2
0.001 0.002 0.003 0.006 9E-4 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.06 0.1 0.2
0.019 0.028 0.056 0.013 0.07 0.23 0.04 0.06 1.13 1.17 2.8
0.024 0.036 0.072 0.044 0.22 0.29 0.43 0.02 1.44 2.2 3.6
0.003 0.005 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5
0.001 0.002 0.003 0.007 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.07 0.1 0.2
0.002 0.003 0.005 0.011 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.11 0.2 0.3
BU-3
depth phi(%) k .(md) 0.025 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 1 2 3 5
12559 17.6 5.1 98.6 97.5 95 89.4 81.4 70.5 60 50.6 39.2 33.9 28
12564 18.1 12.2 99.3 98.6 97.8 94.9 89.7 80.7 64 54.4 42.5 35.4 28.7
12568 24.2 41.9 99.1 98.1 97.5 92.2 87.5 64.2 44.7 34.4 25.2 21.4 19.9
12572 22.9 42.5 98.5 97 95.4 84.7 67.9 51.3 31.6 24.3 18.4 14.5 12.2
12576 18.5 16.8 99.1 98.1 97.8 96 89.7 85.1 61.1 48.3 36.9 30 25
12583 16.5 9.5 99.7 99.3 99.1 98.8 92.5 85.8 79.1 80.8 56.4 48.2 36.9
12584 17.5 3.8 99.6 99.1 98.9 97.9 93.4 88.9 69.3 57.6 45.2 39.1 34
42
12681 19.2 4.3 100 98.5 98.2 98.1 97.8 95.6 95 91.4 79.5 60.3 34.6
12695 22.5 10.5 99.8 99.6 98.2 96.8 93.3 78.5 65 55.7 42.8 35.4 25.7
12714 18.4 62.6 99.7 98.1 95.7 88.6 81.1 75.5 65.1 48.8 31.1 23.4 14.3
12731 24.9 27.3 99.8 99.6 99.5 95 90.5 77.4 68.5 59.5 50.3 45.5 41.6
12737 22.6 81.3 99.5 98.8 90.1 73 65.3 59.4 52.6 44 32.5 27.3 22.2
12763 19.2 8.8 99 97.8 95.3 90.6 87.6 70.1 61 52.6 40.9 34.4 18.4
12773 12.8 7 99.6 99.4 98.7 98.7 96.6 94.9 90.6 76.7 53.7 43.1 30
12792 12.2 2.7 98.9 98.9 98 94.5 91.5 86.8 76.6 58 38.7 29.1 20.2
12805 16.9 12.1 99.7 99.5 98.5 96.6 93.3 62.8 48.5 35.3 23.6 18.1 14.8
12821 13.9 13.5 99.8 99.7 97.7 92.9 87.2 67.3 48.1 38.2 26.7 20.4 14.6
12828 16 102.9 85.6 72.2 60.9 47.1 42.8 39 35.1 30.1 23.4 18.8 15.7
12853 21.4 26.7 98.5 97 94.3 83.9 64.1 57.2 50.3 42.4 32.2 26.6 22.8
12855 23.1 72.4 98.8 96.6 90.4 75.6 64.1 55.5 46.9 38.3 27.7 22.6 18
J J2 J3 J4 J5 J6 J7 J8 J9 J10 J11
8E-05 2E-04 0.003 0.006 0.01 0.013 0.002 0.03 0.06 0.1 0.16
1E-04 2E-04 0.005 0.01 0.005 0.02 0.003 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.25
2E-04 4E-04 0.008 0.016 0.004 0.032 0.005 0.08 0.16 0.04 0.39
2E-04 4E-04 0.008 0.016 0.005 0.033 0.005 0.08 0.16 0.05 0.41
1E-04 3E-04 0.006 0.11 0.007 0.023 0.003 0.06 0.11 0.07 0.29
1E-04 2E-04 0.005 0.009 0.004 0.018 0.003 0.05 0.09 0.04 0.23
7E-05 1E-04 0.003 0.006 0.008 0.011 0.002 0.03 0.06 0.08 0.14
7E-05 1E-04 0.003 0.006 0.009 0.011 0.002 0.03 0.06 0.09 0.14
1E-04 2E-04 0.004 0.008 0.002 0.016 0.002 0.04 0.08 0.02 002
3E-04 6E-04 0.011 0.022 0.003 0.044 0.007 0.11 0.22 0.03 0.55
2E-04 3E-04 0.006 0.013 0.009 0.025 0.004 0.06 0.13 0.09 0.31
3E-04 6E-04 0.011 0.023 0.004 0.046 0.007 0.11 0.23 0.04 0.57
1E-04 2E-04 0.004 0.008 0.002 0.016 0.002 0.04 008 0.02 002
1E-04 2E-04 0.004 0.009 0.003 0.018 0.003 0.04 0.09 0.03 0.22
7E-05 1E-04 0.003 0.006 0.008 0.011 0.002 0.03 0.06 0.08 0.14
1E-04 3E-04 0.005 0.01 0.005 0.02 0.003 0.05 001 0.05 0.25
1E-04 3E-04 0.006 0.012 0.008 0.024 0.004 0.06 0.12 0.08 003
4E-04 8E-04 0.015 0.03 0.006 0.061 0.009 0.15 003 0.06 0.76
2E-04 3E-04 0.007 0.013 0.02 0.027 0.004 0.07 0.13 0.2 0.34
3E-04 5E-04 0.011 0.021 0.002 0.042 0.006 0.11 0.21 0.02 0.53
43
P Pc Vs Sw for MB21 for all cores sample
6c
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
4BU 3BU Sw
%
J J Vs Sw
4
3.5
2‫ﺍ‬5
1)5
0.5
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
4BU 3BU Sw %
44
4.5
3.5
J Vs Sw
3
(Power (J Vs Sw
2:5
J
3.00x-.7039=y
2
0.689= ² R
1.5
0.5
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Sw %
J J Vs Pc
4
3.5
2.5
2 J Vs Pc
(Expon. (J Vs Pc
x0.879e0.009y =
1.5
0.573= ² R
0.5
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Pc psi
45
14
12
10
8 MB21
Pc psi
Pc Vs Sw
6 (Expon. (Pc Vs Sw
x0.07e-25.77
=y
0.963= ² R
Sor=1
2 9%
Swc=22 %
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Sw %
46
7. Cross section, cross sand, net sand and net pay zone all these terms represents an
appropriate stage to get values help us to interpretive the reservoir state by using
CPI concept. After that, Sw average, Φ average & Hnet were estimated depending on
CPI concept.
Sw Φ Depth
32.91376 9.30094 3854
31.10663 9.009549 3872
41.65855 6.809735 3888
54.96454 7.866031 3890
52.90796 7.631111 3900
30.49474 6.461775 3825
34.95296 6.677074 3827
36.4913 6.171857 3829
33.25406 6.629096 3831
35.58944 7.082431 3833
38.71787 6.819155 3835
35.47997 6.315612 3837
31.71159 6.050798 3839
38.71574 7.416937 3845
58.55303 10.26762 3847
54.78664 8.325279 3849
36.64545 6.360758 3853
34.73307 6.574805 3855
49.53351 7.748654 3857
47.24908 6.237468 3863
40.035 7.412854 3865
53.45486 7.865766 3869
58.17472 9.303871 3871
41.94326 10.02215 3873
55.94866 10.74086 3875
56.84972 11.69843 3881
13.11864 16.87577 3804
15.43048 18.42379 3806
14.80566 18.65006 3808
15.63691 19.62847 3810
15.50018 19.19923 3812
16.33143 17.91411 3814
19.65211 18.14509 3816
26.43839 18.74573 3818
25.30098 19.44156 3820
33.59235 19.6656 3822
34.93646 21.68319 3824
37.26465 19.27182 3826
36.11906 19.12149 3828
43.40159 17.46332 3830
45.22535 18.63239 3832
35.66773 16.87653 3834
28.56713 15.0277 3836
49.76131 17.51617 3838
53.07382 20.85226 3840
48.9589 13.5455 3842
51.30342 13.96019 3844
42.20147 20.49527 3846
50.99726 19.97174 3848
36.44444 18.49965 3850
50.6911 14.20607 3852
50.74446 19.12107 3858
52.58456 18.4057 3860
47
North dome
MB21
Number Average porosity Average n Net thickness
of wells % saturation % "meters"
BU-12 13.34473 43.12446 28 56
Average weighted porosity % 13.34473

=(Σφi*Hnet i ) / (ΣHnet i)
Average weighted Saturation % 43.12446
= (Σ Swi*φi*Hnet i)/(Σφi *Hnet i)
Average net Thickness "meters" 56

= (ΣHnet i*n)/(Σn)
North dome
MC1
Number Average porosity Average n Net thickness
of wells % saturation % "meters"
BU-12 11.88026 20.66319 6 12


North dome
MC2
Number of Average Average n Net thickness
wells porosity % saturation % "meters"
BU-12 9.338367 51.4912 7 14

48
South dome
mB21
Number of Average Average n Net thickness
wells porosity % saturation % "meters"
BU-13 14.53804 34.25881 34 68
BU-15 17.00678 32.48948 20 40
Average weighted 15.452388

porosity % =(Σφi*H net I )/(ΣH net total)
Saturation % = (Σ Swi*φi *H net i)/(Σφi *H net i)
Average net 54
Thickness "meters" = (ΣH neti *n)/(Σn)
South dome
mC1
Number of Average porosity % Average n Net thickness
wells saturation % "meters"
BU-13 10.5284 46.51056 5 10
8
BU-15 13.6835 54.12103 9 18
5
Average net 14
South dome
MC2
Number Average Average saturation n Net
of wells porosity % % thickness
"meters"
BU-13 14.05853 62.44887 9 18
BU-15 23.619 49.80757 15 30

Average net 24
49
well Boi
Bu#1 at 111.5 C 1.368
Bu#5 at 111.7 C 1.41779
Bu#6 113.8 C 1.3567
Bu#10 115.4 C 1.286
Bu#12 at 111.1c 1.338
Boiunit MB21 at 111c = 1.448 and Bo at bubble = 1.463
Boi for unit MC1 at 111c = 1.365 and Bo at bubble = 1.3874
BU-5 at 111.7 C
pressure Kg/cm2 pressure psig Bo
21.42856529 304.7858405 1.21027038
0 0 1.07705305
42.06349275 598.2834977 1.25730192
66.26981194 942.5782856 1.29968302
91.66665234 1303.806265 1.34207528
116.6666523 1659.389848 1.38446381
141.6666094 2014.972819 1.43153614
161.9046964 2302.826079 1.46919628
374.6030307 5328.107506 1.41779331
BU1 at 111.5 C
Bo P kg/cm2 P psi
1.068456685 0 0
1.139082919 15.4491602 219.738709
1.171069977 27.80942733 395.543032
1.198509332 41.36398784 588.334199
1.221401237 56.1129704 798.114042
1.24943855 78.07679538 1110.51306
1.277551614 97.93865314 1393.01509
1.303863012 117.7978056 1675.47863
1.332801156 139.763026 1987.8975
1.364474265 160.831394 2287.56013
1.405937878 185.217794 2634.41627
1.368020547 437.4109175 6221.44564
50
BU10 115.4 C
pressure( kg/cm2) BO P PSIG
0 1.020193909 0
21.01591068 1.118569306 298.916512
40.72845309 1.178499141 579.29477
70.31411317 1.204902011 1000.10177
99.9320373 1.237301233 1421.36767
130.2681502 1.269699241 1852.84862
160.2603506 1.304919715 2279.43798
186.9564066 1.328153022 2659.14515
450.2835716 1.286067 6404.53782
BU-6 113.8 C
Pressure kg/cm2 P psi Bo
0 0 1.0718
10 142.233433 1.1451
20 284.466866 1.1707
40 568.933732 1.2048
60 853.400598 1.2343
90 1280.100897 1.275
120 1706.801196 1.313
150 2133.501495 1.3536
184 2617.095167 1.4026
460 6542.737918 1.3567
press BU-12 Bo at 111.1c P psig

P kg/cm2 Bo P psig
0 1.066646524 0
11.41471641 1.164730139 162.35543
20.758869 1.192821355 295.26052
30.26122111 1.214579808 430.415737
50.18820284 1.248837743 713.844039
69.88629598 1.277364312 994.01678
90.94765582 1.305222162 1293.57973
110.8308778 1.332011856 1576.38562
139.5802788 1.371983213 1985.29822
350.9039321 1.338443866 4991.02709
51
Bo vs p(psig)
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.1
1
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000
c5 111.7BU- c1 111.5BU- c10 115.4BU- c6 113.8BU- c12 111.1BU-
MB21 MC1
p psig Bo p psig Bo
0 1.21424 0 1.0846
598.283498 1.26203 298.916512 1.11007
942.578286 1.29257 579.29477 1.13676
1303.80627 1.32576 1000.10177 1.17904
1659.38985 1.35928 1421.36767 1.2231
2014.97282 1.39349 1852.84862 1.26951
2302.82608 1.4216 2279.43798 1.3164
5328.10751 1.45092 2659.14515 1.35707
0 1.21424 6404.53782 1.3369
219.738709 1.23041 0 1.12875
395.543032 1.24475 142.233433 1.14078
588.334199 1.26117 284.466866 1.1541
1393.01509 1.3341 568.933732 1.18246
1675.47863 1.36082 853.400598 1.21219
1987.8975 1.39086 1280.1009 1.25849
2287.56013 1.4201 1706.8012 1.30627
2634.41627 1.45438 2133.5015 1.35518
6221.44564 1.44828 2617.09517 1.41171
6542.73792 1.39008
***the above data is after doing the correlation.
52
BOi
BOi
53
South dome = == North dome

top
top MB21 MB21
depth area area km depth area area km
3780 5.222693 20.89077 3820 5.130024 20.5201
3800 19.73297 78.93189 3840 16.5696 66.2784
3820 35.96158 143.8463 3860 30.71771 122.8708
3840 57.16455 228.6582 3880 46.51411 186.0564
3860 81.00675 324.027 3900 66.25849 265.0339

bottom MB21
3920 87.95611 351.8244
bottom MB21 & top MC1
depth area area km
3880 20.36858 81.47433 depth area area km
3900 34.5073 138.0292 3900 6.435727 25.74291
3920 54.59895 218.3958 3920 19.42163 77.68652
3940 72.28526 289.1411 3940 34.36391 137.4556
3960 101.1057 404.4228 3960 51.26881 205.0753
bottom MC1 3980 72.8726 291.4904
depth area area km

bottom MC1
3960 11.61101 46.44405
3980 30.08292 120.3317 depth area area km
4000 50.3392 201.3568 3980 13.41336 53.65345
4020 74.38302 297.5321 4000 27.99564 111.9825
4040 103.7495 414.998 4020 44.53441 178.1376
4040 63.86323 255.4529
4060 86.0897 344.3588
4080 112.0448 448.1793
54
North dome
Volume under curve=13283.29 Km2.m
55
North dome
56
South dome
Volume under the curve=9011.802 Km2.m
57
South dome

Now we use (Vb*phi*(1-Sw)*(hnet/hcross))/Boi to calculate the
initial oil in place on each dome. We take Boi=1.4 STB/RB
dome PHI avg. Sw avg. Hnet/Hcross Vb Km2.m IOIP STB
south 15.452 36.317 68/167.5 30233.272 6946407739
north 13.344 43.1244 68/145 22223.27 3670726923
58
Discussion:-
MB21, MC1, MC2.
● From the contour map, we can see that the structure of the Buzurkan field
represent as a two dome separated by saddle and the southern dome is lager
and thicker than the northern one and also the most drilled well drilled on the
southern dome.
● We found a problem when we drew the map because the map of well
position was not fit to the contour map so we change the scale of the well
position map and give it the scale of the contour map to be fit with it.
● When we want to draw the bottom of the map we have to find a well that it
locate on the contour or very close to if to take the depth of the well and add it
to the thickness of the layer to get the new depth of the contour of the bottom
map and after we draw this contour we draw the other contours by add the map
interval to the first contour that we dawn it.
● Structural contour maps not only used to determine the elevation of
geological structure beneath the earth surface ,but also gives an idea about the
natural distribution of many petro physical properties of reservoir or properties
of fluid (oil ,gas ) such as (φ, SW ,k ,….etc.).
● From the profile, we found the north dome connected to the south dome by a
syncline, and the south dome is greater than the north dome.
● There is an error in the profile because the draw was by hand so the point’s
location weren’t exactly right.
● We notice form the profile not all the wells reach the mc2 layer some wells
end with the mc1 layer.
59
● We choose this location because there is few well that have been drilled in
the north dome of Buzurkan field to increase the production of this area and to
update the information of the north dome and also because well location we
can use it for injection.
● In our way to the final depth, there are formation will be drilled:
Al-Mishrif which its structure limestone and the most common problem face
the driller is the blow out because it has a high pressure so we have to increase
the density of drilling mud in order to increase the hydrostatic pressure.
Al-Khasib and Al-Rumaila which their are structure limestone and the most
common problem on these formations is the slow drilling because it’s a hard
formation.
● Our target in this well is to reach the reservoir of unit MB21 because it has a
good reservoir characters such as permeability, saturation and porosity which
about 27%.
● In the calculation of cement I calculate the volume of cement in bbl not in
ton because I don’t know the cement production capacity (yield of cement).
● The calculation of cut off is very important because it helps us to determine

the perfect reservoir volume by neglect the non-reservoir layer so it helps us to
calculate the correct oil in place.
● The cut off value was deferent from unit to other and this variation is due to
the heterogeneity of the reservoir and it may be due to some mistakes had been
occurred during inputting the data from the core report to excel sheet.
60
● The cut off value for permeability is 0. 1 md but this value is chosen for
constant conditions so this value will be changed when these conditions are
changed.
● The cut off that is estimated from porosity – permeability cross plot is more
accurate than cut off from the statistic method because of high number of
values and less accuracy of its measured.
●When the intervals are chosen smaller the calculations and cross plot drawing
will be more accurate.
● The cut off porosity for mc1 is higher value and that can be discussed due to
the high porosity in addition to permeability.
● When the depths taked of the cores we find that all cores from BU3 and BU4
were on the unit MB21 so we draw the cross plot only for MB21.
● The water saturation below Swc cannot be displaced by oil and it cannot
move because Krw=0 and we can see this on the cross plot & also The oil
saturation below Sor is non-movable hydrocarbon and we cannot produce this
amount of oil because Kro=0 and we can see this on the cross plot.
● The estimation of reducible oil saturation ( SOR ) and irreducible water

saturation (Swc) needs accuracy in this process because it is depended data and
gives an view to the primary amount of production without using secondary
methods .
● So , in our opinion , the amount of data and its accuracy affect to get perfect
results ;therefore we see two wells doesn't lead to estimate precise value for
each of SOR & Swc.
61
6. Estimation of SOR, Swi & WOC and free water level (according to the
● The integrated process that I did shows approximately acceptable value for
Swi but, I had mentioned in the results that it's hard to get the SOR value for
the unit because the curve must involve an inclination that intercept the x-axis
( Sw ).
● The Leverett j function is used as corrected factor for pc because the are
many samples to reduce the variation in pc values in samples and j correction
includes Ǿ,k that pc effects with these parameters so j takes all the variables
(Ǿ,k)and the wide variation in pc samples in consideration.
● The Swc value is 22% from the graph , logically is small value in
comparison with conditions in the two wells that means the H.C saturation is
78% and that may be unreasonable in this field because this value swir
approaches with ideal conditions , or this value may be correct (right) so that
the pc is active to displace the water and reducing the water saturation so that it
reaches to this value under the conditions of two wells with pc., as well as there
are mistakes in applying the equations and determining the date properly .
● This wrong can be analyzed due to the wrong interpretation for the data and
wrong plotting for the values.
● Besides, the final graph for the unit doesn't match with the ideal one and that
relates with the actual circumstances that affect to take a right look to the
report.
● Finally, all what we do is to compare and find the actual way to use our data
in best way.
62
reservoir state by using CPI concept. After that, Sw average, Φ average &
Hnet were estimated depending on CPI concept.
● In our calculation of net pay we have to neglect the porosity and water
saturation below cut off so we use the values of cut off that we calculate it in
previous reports.
● From this report we can notice that the unit MB21 on Buzurkan oil field is
more important than the other units because it has good porosity ( more than
6% ) and water saturation below 60% so it contain very economically oil
reserve.
● From this report we can notice that the unit MC1 is bad as reservoir because
of its low porosity and its water saturation is high so it will be not
economically reservoir.
● I think the data that we take it from wells bu-12, bu13 and 15 is not enough
to estimate the net pay for the reservoir so we must take more than three wells
to make our calculations more accurate.
● From one reservoir and one type of liquid hydrocarbon, we found different
result when we do PVT analysis and this error because:
A- The different depth of the sampling.
B- If there is a lick in the sampling.
C- The difference in the temperature of doing the experiment.
D- The time of taking the sample if it is at a starting of production or after a
long time after production.
● We choose the correlation Vazquez-Beggs because it gives the least error
between Bo measured from PVT and Bo calculated from PVTP software.
63
● after we apply the correlation, the Bo with pressure of units MB21 and MC1
doesn’t fit with each other and that will give us a notice that the oil in the
MB21 is not so like MC1 so, we separate the Bo of MB21 from MC1.
● As we see in the Bo vs pressure for all wells, we find that well no. 12 is not
on the same trend with other wells and this happen before and after make a
correlation so I don’t take well 12 in my calculation.
● The errors that occur in well 12 may be happened because one of the reasons
in the point no.1.
● I want to explain very important point that the discussion is not specializing
for the results only because in the previous report, one of my teachers notifies
me that should discuss the result and anything else will be incomplete job.
● Before making the correlation, the relationship between pressure & Bo

should be notified first and see what the up normal value is and doesn't
compatible with the other values of wells (I mean BU12 that locates in the
north dome and this is related to many factors.
● The area is measured in these software in cm2 unit so, we must convert it to
km2 by multi it * 4.
● The original oil in place in south dome is greater than in north dome because
the net pay zone thickness for south dome is greater than in north dome.
●The method which is used to calculate OOIP is the volumetric and this
method is not an accuracy method because the bulk volume was calculated by
depend on the contour maps and this maps could not give the fit area of beds
also not all the wells have the requirements data and oil water contact for both
domes is not an accuracy.
●We convert OOIP from m3 to bbl by multi in 0.1589873.
64
● By material balance method it could calculate OOIP with an accuracy
results, but there is no a production data to use this method.
● In our calculation, we separate the IOIP of MB21 from IOIP of MC1 because
there is two oil water contact one goes through the bottom of MB21 and the
other goes through bottom of MC1.
Conclusions
● The main 3 units in Mishrif formation are MA, MB, MC (divided into 3
subunits which are MB11, MB12 & MB21), and MC (divided into MC1 &
MC2), from all the above divisions, MB21 is the most important unit and it
contains the highest percentage of OOIP.
● Buzurgan field contain two domes separated by saddle.
●The south dome is larger and thicker than the north one, and it gets thicker at
its southern part.
● Most of the wells were located at the south dome while only five well was
drilled at the north dome.
● south dome unit MB21 is thicker than north dome it also contains very good
reservoir properties with high porosity value and low water saturation and high
thickness value, also it was noticed that the porosity gradient is not gradual like
expected but it exhibited unexpected values.
●The net pay zone of MB21 reservoir at the south dome was largest than the
net pay zone of north dome.
●we cannot decide which method that was applied to calculate the value of
OOIP is the best because such decision have to base on the accurate of
information used, where material balance suppose the reservoir as a tank rather
than a porous media while volumetric method based on tests made to the
reservoir where an error can happened in these tests.
65
Reference
Many reports were dependent in this report which is:
1. CPI reports.
2. Core analysis reports.
3. Final well reports.
4. Well production history reports.
5. Special core analysis SCAL reports.
6. PVT reports.
7. Reservoir management lectures.
Recommendations
The most important point that should be recommended is to update the
data of Buzurgan oil field to develop this field for the next coming
years.
There was a report to drill a well at the north dome then made a
program for this well but, from our opinion, this report should be
prepared after finishing all the reports and finding the OIIP for this
field to get a wide view for this well and choose the right position for
it.
Finally, seeking for solutions and solving them are the most important
property for engineer so, we suggest to give reports involve problems
and train us to solve them by special courses for the most well-known
problems such as stocking, mud losses ect .
66
67

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Summery

7. Results and discussion

8. Conclusion and recommendation

Reservoir management definition

The target of reservoir management:-

2- Deduce past and predict future reservoir performance.

3- Minimize drilling of unnecessary wells.

4- Define and modify well bore and surface system.

5- Initiate operating controls at the proper time.

6- Consider all pertinent economic and legal factors.

Reservoir management philosophies

1- When should reservoir management start?

- The ideal time to start managing a reservoir is at its discovery.

2- What, how, and when to collect data?

- The team members must convince the management to obtain necessary

3- What kinds of questions should be asked if we want to ensure the right

- The modern reservoir management process involves goal setting,

Elements of reservoir management:

1- Knowledge about the entity being managed.

2. Calibrate the image.

3. Design a well located on north dome.

φa=∑ φh/∑h , φh=∑ h /∑h/φ

Ka=∑φh/∑h Kh=∑h /∑h/φ

6. Estimation of SOR,Swi,WOC and free water level (according to the

8. PVT analysis and rock properties

9. Calculating OOIP by volumetric method.

STRACTURAL COUNTOR MAP

THE TOP OF THE UNIT MB21

COUNTOR INTERVAL = 10m

STRACTURAL COUNTOR MAP

THE bottom OF THE UNIT MB21

COUNTOR INTERVAL = 10m

STRACTURAL COUNTOR MAP

THE TOP OF THE UNIT MC1

COUNTOR INTERVAL = 10m

STRACTURAL COUNTOR MAP

THE BOTTOM OF THE UNIT MC1

COUNTOR INTERVAL = 20m

STRACTURAL COUNTOR MAP

THE TOP OF THE UNIT MC2

COUNTOR INTERVAL = 20m

STRACTURAL COUNTOR MAP

THE BOTTOM OF THE UNIT MC2

COUNTOR INTERVAL = 20m

Φa=16.62208 φh=14.84484 φg=12.42613

Φa=15.5 φh=8.6187 φg=12.426

Φa=14.18235 φh=12.55729 φg=11.1641

interval k h ∑h h*k ∑k*h Capacity h/k ∑h/∑k

cut off= 5.1%

fraction of total storge

cumulative storage capacity

cumulative storge cpacity

friction of total cpacity

friction of total capacity

cumulative storage capacity

cumulative storage capacity

MB 21 capacity flow vs. permeability

MC2 FLOW CAPACITY vs PERMAPALETY

SOR=HARD TO FIND and I will discuss this Issue

depth V porosity K 0.033 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 1 2 3 5

Average weighted porosity % 13.34473

Average net Thickness "meters" 56

Average weighted porosity % 11.88026

Average net Thickness "meters" 12

interval k h ∑h hk ∑kh Capacity h/k ∑h/∑k