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Prehistory
4200 B.C. Evidence of excavation at Laang Spean-Northwestern Cambodia
1500 B.C. Evidence of excavation in Samrong Sen
Khmer ancestors lived along the Mekong river and the southeastern part of
the Menam river.
1st Century Khmer ancestor established the first state called Nokor Kok Thlok, Mongkul
Borey, Takeo Province
68 A.D. Hun Tean (Kaundinya or Preah Thong) married to Queen Soma (Liv Yi or
Neang Neak)
Funan Kingdom (Anachak Phnom)
+ Lasted from 1st to 6th century.
+ Capital: Viyathapura
+ Composed of coastal area of south China Sea to the upper Malay
Peninsula.
+ Major port: Oe Eo
+ Located in the lower land of Mekong river and the Giant gulf.
+ Religion: Animism (Nak Ta), Brahmanism, Buddhism
+ Architecture: Brick temples
+ Political system: India
+ King is the emperor and the king of mountain (build relationship with
Devaraja).
+ Policy: Invasion (territorial enlargement)
+ Foreign diplomacy: India and China (politics, trade, and culture)
+ Economies: Agriculture and trade
484 – 514 Kaundinya Jayavarman
+ Wife: Kol Propheavatey ⇒ Son: Kunvarman
+ Concubine ⇒ Rudravarman
514 – 514 Kunvarman succeeded the throne.
514 – 539 + Rudravarman killed Kunvarman and became the king.
+ Since Rudravarman is not a legitimate king that caused the downfall of
Funan in the second half of the 6th century.
+ Son: Virakvarman
Chenla Kingdom (Sorya Vong)
+ Lasted from 6th – 8th century.
+ Emerged around 550 A.D.
+ was one of Funan’s tributary states
+ Chenla = Chen + Lak = Genuine Wax
+ Location: The upper land of Mekong river called Champasak (Laos). This
kingdom located in the south eastern part of Lin Yi (Champa).
+ Capital: Bhavhapura
First king: Ici-Kapu Syayambhu and Apsara Mera
Virakvarman
+ Son: Bhavhavarman
550 – 600 Bhavhavarman
+ The unification between Som Vong and Sorya Vong
600 – 616 Mahendravarman (brother of Bhavhavarman)
+ Son: Ishanavarman I
616 – 635 Ishanavarman I
+ The peak of Chenla
+ Only one Chenla or the Great Chenla
1
KHM 101 – Review Paper
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KHM 101 – Review Paper
+ The king ordered the district governor to mobilize the labour to build
residents, wall, royal courts in a short period and to fill soil surrounding Wat
Phnom and Royal Palace.
+ King Ponhea Yat relocated the capital to Chaktomuk in 1432.
+ The king ordered Oknha Plong (governor of Bati) to dig a canal to drain the
water into Baray. This canal was called Oknha Plong Canal.
+ The capital was name: Krong Chaktomuk Mongkul Sakal Kampuchea
Thebdei Serei Tharabovor Indra Makkeak Borei Rath Reach Seyma Moha
Nokor.
+ built Wat Thoma Lanka, Wat Koh, Wat Buddha Kosa, Wat Peam Plong, Wat
Unalom, and Wat Butumdei.
+ Son: Noreay Reachea, Srey Reachea, and Thoma Reachea.
1464 – 1469 Noreay Reachea
+ succeeded the throne in 1464.
+ built stupa on Wat Phnom Daun Penh to install Ash of the King Ponhea Yat.
+ died in 1469
+ Son: Srey Soriyotey
+ his son is too young to succeed the throne.
+ Srey Reachea succeeded the throne.
+ Srey Reachea liberated some provinces from Siam in 1475.
+ Srey Soriyotey mobilize the troops and took back the throne.
+ Srey Reachea took the troops back but was attacked by Thoma Reachea
at Boribo, Kampong Chnang.
+ The fighting lasted 10 years with no solution.
+ asked assistance from Siam
+ Siam invited Srey Reachea and Srey Soriyotey to Ayuthya.
+ Thoma Reachea succeeded the throne in Chatomuk 1485.
+ Thoma Reachea died in 1506.
+ He has 2 sons: King Sokun Bot and King Chan Reachea.