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2. Write the differences between acids and bases.
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3. What are neutral substances? Give one example.
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(b)Caustic Potash
(d)Caustic soda
5. Give reasons:
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a) We should never add water to acid while diluting a strong acid.
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b) Bee stings should be treated with baking soda while wasp stings
should be treated with vinegar.
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c) All alkalis are bases, but all bases are not alkalis.
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a) Describe the process of neutralization with the help of an
example.
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b) Is distilled water acidic /basic/neutral? How would you verify
it?
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c) Mention any two neutralization reactions from your daily life.
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7. Ramesh was having a test tube containing a natural indicator. On
adding two drops of solution ‘A’ in this indicator the colour
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changes to green. On adding two drops of solution ‘B’ to the
indicator the colour changes to dark pink (magenta).
a) Identify the natural indicator.
b) What is nature of solution ‘A’ and ‘B’?
c) Name a synthetic indicator and what results it will show with
solution ‘A’ and solution ‘B’?
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8. Give reasons:
a) Liquid waste from industries is treated with slaked lime.
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9. What is the chemical name of
(i) Vinegar
(ii) Milk of Magnesia
(iii) Slaked lime
(iv) Washing soda
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11.What is an indicator? Name the indicator (A and B) used in the
following cases:
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CHAPTER 7: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGE
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(iv) The change cannot be reversed
c) Galvanisation is a process used to prevent the rusting of
(i) Zinc
(ii) Aluminium
(iii) Copper
(iv) Iron
d) Chemical reactions where heat is absorbed by the substances
are known as
(i) Chemical change
(ii) Physical change
(iii) Endothermic reaction
(iv) Exothermic reaction
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2. Is crystallization a chemical change? Explain your answer
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3. Differentiate physical and chemical change.
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4. a) Define rusting. Write the chemical reaction for rusting.
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b) Give four ways to prevent rusting.
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(ii) Copper sulphate solution is treated with iron.
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(iii) Magnesium ribbon burnt in presence of air.
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6. Identify the given reactions as Decomposition, Displacement
and Double Displacement reaction
(i) NaOH + HCl ------> NaCl + H2O
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(ii) CaCO3 CaO + CO2
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(iii) Mg + 2HCl ------> MgCl2 + H2
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b) On passing the gas ‘A’ through lime water, it turns milky.
Name the compound formed.
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8. Write a short note on
a) Formation of a precipitate
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b) Saturated and supersaturated solution
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10.What is physical change? Give examples.
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a) Loamy soil is a mixture of
(i) Sand
(ii) Silt
(iii) Clay
(iv) All the above
b) Deforestation causes
(i) Soil pollution
(ii) Soil Erosion
(iii) Water pollution
(iv) Rainfall
c) The amount of water present in soil depends on its
(i) Percolation rate
(ii)Water holding capacity
(iii) Moisture content
(iv) Texture
d) Sandy soil is
(i) Smooth and sticky
(ii)Smooth
(iii) Gritty and loose
(iv) None of these
2. Name any two minerals present in soil.
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6. Answer the following
a) Which type of soil has the highest and lowest water retaining
capacity?
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8. What is soil profile?
Label the figure given above and also write one feature of each.
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9. What is weathering?
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11.Give reason
a) Cotton is grown in black soil.
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b) Farmers add slaked lime to acidic soil.
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MANAGEMENT OF WASTE WATER
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a) Sludge and scum
b) Eutrophication
c) Contaminants and pollutants
4. Write short notes on
a) Vermicomposting
b) Incineration
c) Sewage system
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7. What are the different sources of water pollution? Give two
examples of each.
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8. Explain the importance of bacteria in waste water treatment.
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9. Why is chlorine gas passed through treated sewage?
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10. Write down the uses of treated water and sludge.
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11. How is landfill used to generate electricity?
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