.

- -
01w . IOU OD fed os m a t ' ~l d . a à ˆ .5. sn am La., s e x A ~61acc~d
. l a w . .o ¥i.ei.o'swftace~ SO dxij pa; ao.1.. E. sn s>i3eue .v-pm. OJCU
p m o i 5 . m ~ e . e ~ r o 3 i . a - 6 9 ^ , sa'i.0.m eoys.ebesnaPueA.i.el. I ~n
. 1 kp~~fi.un~a.ecan.ft.k.,a.~ nesssi-n . < ~ ~ ^ > . i s r a i F i a ~
 From the Secretary
. .
'.h!eid ess to say !elevson networms mat carry sLcn pet-'es lo1 L S T / ' r 5 ] are i w o a~ say dong someth ng mats UnforLrate
Ae treat our pnsoners we i We naveover 2 000 raqi prsneisol ~ a at- IT present lime Tneyre be nq fed TPeyre Demg
pro', aeo medc ne mere I s apo'cpr ate and needeo ' .Secretary RJmSfeO. 2 23 33. Chh -ate Ed~uon
Surrenders
-
Tne? are 0 iciissons wnn Republcan Guard leaders n selected places and 0-r goat is to nave Ins oone irtth a mmmLm 05s Of ife
on *ne coal ton sloe and on tne laqi s de Tre iraq peop e are nostaoes of a very repressiveregime, and to the extent UW imql midary
will act with honor and stop supporting a regime ftal's history ...and help literate the Iraqi people and help find the weapons of mass
destruction and destroy them, the whok worid will be betteroff." -
-Secretary Rumsfeld 3/23/03 -Face The Nalim

--
'The? are penoaca lq nslances where me resistance s quite stfl And 4 vanes s~bslamartyfrom place to p ace and Circumstance to
c rcrTStancc 0.1 ore ras 10 nag ne that there would DC pockets of resistance expecttms to go on YOJnave10 appreciate 'n s
conflict started on the ground 72 hours aqo. The fact thatthere's a firefight someplace owht notto be surprising."
- -
-secretary Rumsfeld 323% Meal The Prass

--
Casualties
'The yomg men an0 women that are OLI mere are GO ng a superb lob and the outcome is clear n w .Iend and Saooam Husseins
regime 61 oe gone aio ire Jn led States w I be a safer place for it how tong s not moftaoe now many casJa'es is not snowabe
Ana ibais j ~ stne
t on y honest I!Â
ng anyone can say ' .S~mw ~ m / @ oX3. C3 Meet fie Press

Â¥Iwars pe0p.e get n ed Its a t r a g q Vy mart goes o n to their families and tneir friends Tnese are wonoerfiJ yoking People They re
a l volunteer and Goo oess merr for tr'e r sen ce ' .SecreIaryR~msf610 3/23 03 Chh Sla~eoul

News & Notes: The Acts of a Desperate Reqirne

Iraqis Usina Women &Children as Human Shields
General Tommy Franks accused the Iraqis of "criminal" behavior In usim civilians as human shields, intentionally placing them next to
military equipm'entand formations as a deterrent to US. attacks.' (~astiinqtonpost.com1

Saddarn issues False eoae Vo ares Geneva Convention

Iraq Pies'dent Sadoam n.sse r nas ssdeo a statement olecfqiriato respect tne nanE of prisoners of war captured by hrs forces, iraq.
tel~visionsaid Saturdav. "Irao. out of respect for itself and itsbumanitv 1.. will r e s k t theorisonen of war of the e n i w whom we
capture,' raqi te ev s i n said reao ng a &ternen' n sari came from 4sse.n " ~w erespect tneir r qms accoromg to fre Geneva
Ccn,enton a L @ e b ~ ~ Anc e le t3 Yme Gene,a C m c m o q s&es '[P]%onen of war m a t at a1 Umes DC DroIecIeO,
pant- 21 y aga i .I dcrs of, oence or nLn.2a'cn anc aga rst rs-. ts anc p h l c c~nosity'tDepanmentofdefense;

Desecration Tactics Used bv Iraqi Trooos

Inside the city. as many as nine U.S. Marines also were killed afteran Iraqi surrender tumedoutto ba amruse: Army L t Gen. John
Abizaid said at a briefing. The Marines died after asmall groupofsoldiers who had indicated they wanted togive themselves up instead
fired a rocket-propelled grenade at the Marines' amphibiousassault vehicle, witnesses told journalists traveling with the Marine Unit.
(Washinqtonpost.com)
 F r o m the Secretary
"Coalifion forces hit a senior Iraoi Ieadershmcomnnund last evenino. The damaoe assessment on the comnound is oendinu.
~ sme ~ a c c & m s e IrLgme are numbered h e & ' m e io feel "
Trai w s me frsl 1 u i l ue y not oe me a i l ~ n e c a cf
thai theres no nee0 for a oriader conflict "he raqi teaom act 'c save ¥hensc.vcan0 10 prebeni s-cn f ~ n r econflct
r

'If Saddem Hussein or his generals issue orders to use weawns of mass destruction,whetheron coalition forces. Free Iraui
Forces neignbonng ounlres or nnocenl raqi civilians as they nave done before, [nose oroers shodlo not be folowed Do
no1foJow orders 10 oeslroy dams or flood vi [ages. Do no: lo low orders 10 destroy your co.nlry's o 1 h h m s fte ,raq
peop e's an0 lney ft nee0 n o rebnid ihes w n l r y wnen ma' regime is goie Fo low ng suci orders would ce lo ccmmtt
crimes aga nsl Ire Iraq pecple See r o s e ode's lor wnat they are -tne lastdes~erale
. - . of a cv. no-rec-me Tlose wno
qaso
follow Orders to commit such crimes will be found and they wili be punished...

~ sto how
'Mil tary Jn Is tnal want to we and act with honor snould Isten to coal ton radio bmaocasts to rece <e n s t w c l ~ as
you may denonsirale ma1 yo^ 00 not nleno 10 fght You WI have a pace ,n a free raq f {OJ do me ngnl In ng BJI rf you
follow Saddam Hussein'sorders, you will share his fate. And the choice is yours."

-SecretaryRumsfeld, DefenseDeot News Briefino. March 20.2003

News & Notes

Deoleted Uranium Munitions Safe - Exceot t o Foe
Washington. DC. Pentagon orcols ~ a r c n 1 4brefed
press on their slud es nlo me erects of dco-eled drant~m
on military personnel and its lethality against enemy
armor. Depleted Uranium Briefing

Bombing i n Iraq Conflict will be Intense, Precise

Washinaton. DC- In the first 24 hours of Oceration Desert
Storm 199' m a 'ion m itav a rcrah SITUCK more
laroe's man were sinck n a Iof 1942 an0 1943 0, the 8th
~ i t ~ o r during
c e the Combined Bomber Offensive:

Offensive Launched Against Al Qaeda In Afghanistan

Washington, DC -Coalition forces in Afghanistan
launched a dawn offensive Thursday against remainingAl
Qaeda in Afghanistan. Ooeration Valiant Stnke is aimed at
 From t h e Secretary
The United Nations
"We hope to see the United Nations act. The credibility of the U.N. is imprtant to the world. But if the Security Councilfails
this test of resolve, a coalitionwill be ready to act nonetheless." News Briefina- March 11,2003
"We do know that [France, Russia &Germany] voted for Resolution 1441 of the United Nations Security Council, and we do
know that it said that [Iraq is] in material breach, and we said if [Iraq] didnt..supply a declarationthat was honest they would
be in further material breach. And if they didn't cooperate, they'd be in still further material breach, and that there would be
serious consequences, and that this was not their next-to-last chance, but it was their final opportunity... [It was] pretty clear
language, and they ell knew what they were voting for." CNBC Interview- March 6, 2003
"The United Nations a few months an0 nassed a unanimous rewlutinn Securib' Council Resolution 1441, and in it cited the
preced ng 16 reso Jlions tnal the r a i regime nas d sobered It (hen said tnai raq slanos as of lnai moment ,n fpalenal
-
breacn Ana men [me N ] sad mat n me event 'ha1 t is determined that tney are ,n f ~ n l e malenal
r breacn tnal they
should recoqnize inai tns was a fina opponun ty ""his s a unan mous resol-ion of t9e -n lea Nalors a final
opponmry ana manhere w o d~ be sencus consequences Iseems 10 me Inai me deveopmeni of 1WWDj and the
ignor.nq of me "n led Nations - 17 reso,~ions- pris n W a m y the S e c ~ i i yCouncil and ine .~te'rialiOWCOmmUn iv '
Interview with Al Jazeera - February25,2003

News & Notes

Rumsfeld Confident of U.K. Commitment to Disarm Iraq
Washinqton DC- Secretary Rmsfe'3 reeasea e
s1aiemer.i Marcn 11 ?tat nq lnai i e nas no o c ~ bofthe
t full
s u p ~ o no' Ire Ui'ted K rqcom for me intemalcna
community's efforts to disarm Iraq." U,K Statement
Saddam Forces'Human Shield' Volunteers to Leave Iraq
Baghdad- Five volunteers who were to serve as "human
shields" in Iraa were forced out of the country after they Overwhelminq Force The Massive Ordnance Air Blast
criticized the regime's choice of sites they were to protect.
Source: AP
Families of Suicide Bombers Well-Funded bv Saddam
Saddam Hussein has paid the families of Palestinian
terorists $35 m .on dcl ars i r *re past 29 rnonms, ncluding
a $25 300 payment to HIP fami v of a s m o e oornber
Source: ~ e u k r s
1I 5
Anniversa
a s ago: t
of Terror: Saddam Hussein's Attack on the Peo Ie of Halab'a
Sunday, the Iraqi regime launched a reapons
that left 5,000 dead and many more injured
a&k its own pe$?

On March 16,1988 Saddam Hussein launcheda chemical weapons attack against the Kurdish people of Halabja, a City of
50,000 In northern Iraq, Knowing the lethal gas would sink into low areas, Saddam's forces first bombed the City with
conventionalweapons, driving inhabitantsto undergroundshelters. Helicoptersand planes then returnedto drop mustard
gas and nerve agents, resuting in the deaths of 5,000 innocent men, women end children. At least 10,000 more were
blinded, disfiguredor severely debilitated. The gas also produced long terms effects. To this day, thousands still suffer from
disease and birth defects. The Halabja attack was just one of many atrocities committed by Saddam Hussein in the late
1980s during his genccidal Anfalcampaign, which resulted in the murder of as many as 100,000people.

Kev Quotes
*
'Saddam burrbed JS th them cal weapons hundreds of
people d ed and went bl nd nnocen' ~ d were
s asi<nq.
'Why are we dying7" - Kafm Michael, a t t a c k s h w w
2/24/03

"Iraqi government troops would be surroundingthe attack

site and they would have chem-bin suits on includedwould
be doctors and interestedobservers they would go in and
find out how many people were dead and how many
survived From there they would shoot the survivors and
bum the bodies "
- Or Christine Gosden, Liverpool University,
on the Halabla massacre

"The [Iraqi] regime is one of the most repressive regimes on o,iig tie - 2 aoacnemca attad-is Aboe en dien ki ed
the face of the earth They threaten ail of their people every b; n e n < cf 'r.stam gas ano i e n e agerl nsel etgnl-
day Thafs how they live in that country, under threat of the year-old Jusim ~uhammed,scarred by the effects of
government" - Secretaiy Rumsfeld, W 1/03
'Saddam Hussein heads a realme - to name one example -
that forces doctors to cut off the ears and sometimes even
the tonques of oewle who have disobeyedthe regime or
s p o ~ e n o aga /
~ 1 nst t 'ney oon t mere p ~ n ' s n"ndvidbals,
they sm sn me r famiies. There arc credibe repons Inat the
fam Ies of Iraq, nxlea' and cnerr ca and biowca.
sc entisis nave been moved 10 spec a, ocatmns to ensure
that me r knortiedoeane relaives are niimicaled to
silence ' Deputy Secretary Wolfowitz, 3/11/03
 From the Secretary
Iraq's Deception

'[Saddam Hussein] is an accomplished deceiver~orelse why would so many continue to be deceived so long? If it becomes
necessary to use military force, we know he will stoo at rathina to deceive the worid bvsoreadinalies about civilian casualties. We are
tamg ex~aomnary m&sures~oprevent nnocen~&-a.tes,t s fan tosay that never.n h s t o i nas any coalmon gone to s ~ c hgreat
lenqns 'c protect c u fan bes n a conflct
"Hussein, by contrast, will seek to maximize civilian deathsÑan create the false impression that coalition forces target innocent Iraqis.
That is why, before any conflict begins, we should stop, look back, and recall his history of lies and deception-what he said and did
during the last conflict...
"...r]he point is this: Saddam Hussein lies. He lied during the GulfWar. And if there is another war, he will lie again. The only question
is whether he will be believed, despite his record. We know from recent intelligence that he has ordered uniforms that are virtually
identicalto those of the US. and British forces for his'FedayeenSaddam' troops, who would wear them while committing atrocities
against innocent Iraqis.
Â¥Reliablreports also indicate that Saddam's regime has plans to use WMD against his own citizens, and blame coalition forces. When
Saddam Hussein's regime begins claiming, once again, that coaltion forces haw targeted innocent Iraqi cNlllans, keep his record in
mind " w.defenselink mil

There are four operationswithin the Office,each under acivilian

coordinator. 1) Humanitarian Relief2) Reconstruction 3) Civil
Administration4) Communications, logistics and budgetary support.
For a transcnptot the briefing, and more informationon Post-Saddam
Iraq, please see. www defensehnkmil

'm is importentto stress... that the UnitedStates would have a

commitment to leave jlraqlas soonasposslble,for Iraq belongs to the
Iraqipeople.Iraqdoes not and willno! belong to the UnitedStates, the
coalition or to anyone else '
W S J FmurrisfsaCTtlwyo'Daftniefa'Potcr,
Swatsc'mifteeonFwwgnReturns, FBtnw112003 ] killedwhen saddam
underground
used them human shields at this
as
military command center in
1991.
 From t h e Secretary
Human Shields
"[Cioaiibon forces would take great care to avoid civilian casualties Saddam Hussein, by contrast, has used civilians as human shields
on !he battlefield,exposing them to bullets and bombs, in the hope thatthey would be killed and hecould then blame that On others for
propaganda purposes As President Bush said last week, the livesandfreedom of the Iraqi people matter little to Saddam Hussein, but
-
they matter greatly lo us.' Pentagon News Briefinu March 5,2003

'For decades Sadoam r'meln nas oemonsiratedthat ne does not hesiiate 10 m e life even on a massive sea e wnen it serves his
p~tposesOne cf me ways Saodam rime n nas oemonslra*edlnss mroi.gh his ~ s of e c u ans as n,man shields I1 s a practice tiat
revea.s cinterrpt for tne norms of n-mai I) Depoy ng nman shelds s not a m nary strategy 's mJrder a do atlon o'lne laws Of
a m ' conflct and a cnme aqa nsi nmanrty an'l t w,i oe trsated as sucn Those whofo oh n so'cers 10 Lse n n a n snleds wi Ipays
-
severe price for their actions." Pentaqon News Bnefinq Feb 19,2003

Saddam's Lies & Deception

'[Saddam Hussein] does things underground. He's very skllH~!lat denial and deception. There's no doubt in my mind that he has
weapons, chemical and biological weapons and has been working on nuclear weapons.' interview with BBC - March 3.2003

'Ifs meresting 10 me mat a governmentthat consistentrydoes not tell the truth seems nolm pay a penalty Ever* ng Itbe Iraq s] say s
accepted Euerwiina they say s rewared Eveqlnng mey say, noiwirhstanaing the fact that they have led over ana over and Over
again..." ~entaaonNews Brifinu - Seot. 30, 2002

News & Notes

A senior defense official today briefed the Pentagon
press corps on DoD's Office of Reconstructionand
HumanitarianAssistance, an interagency organization
created by the President to coordinate humanitarian
relief, organize basic services and work to establish

. security for liberated people in a post-Saddam Iraq.

The U.S. will approach post-war Iraq with a two-part
mmmltment' 11to stav as lono as reaulred to achleve
. --

Iraqi Propaganda: A History o f Denial & Deception

As panof hisdeception campaign, Saddam Hussein has ordered
its objectives and 2) to leave as soonas possible, for uniforms that look like U S and U K military He intends to issue

. Iraq belongs to the Iraqi people

The Office of Reconstructionand Humanitarian
Assistance will establish links with U.N. specialized
aqencies and non-qovernmentalorganizationsto play a 4 During the Gulf
War, Saddarn claimed
The office will also work with its counterparts in the that coalition aircraft
governments of coalition countries and with various had destroyed the Al
free Iraqi groups Basrah Mosque. This
There are four operations within the Office,each under photo, however, shows
a civilian coordinator 1) HumanitarianRelief 21 ' the Mosque'sdome
Reconstruction3) Civil ~dmlnistration4) neatly sheared off
Communications,logistics and budgetary support. (center) - most likely
by Iraqi troops- while
the nearest bomb
crater is a distance
away (arrow)
-
S c W ~ D
 -- -

International Support for Operation Iraqi Freedom

The Coalition o f nations dedicated t o the disarmament of Iraq is large and continues t o grow. Below are some
recent statements of Coalition leaders:
United Klnadom
' raq & 6 bed sanned of weapons of mass destruction and the raqi people w.1 be freed Tnat is O J wmm.ftnent That 1s 0.n
determ naton ard MQ w i see 1oone ' -
Pnme Mrn ster Tony Blair March 27, 2003

'Ony me Americans nave me m tary svengtn to disarm Saddam and liberate Iraq BJI we nave an OD galion to he P We cannotpt
sa 1 .rider a flag 01 conven ence an0 let oners front for heeaom and oeace There nas. in lam been loo iruch of [rat kma in the past in
. -seriously,about our democraticvalues.then weshould also be ready to make a small contribution to the
Denmark. If wemean anvthina
international coalition." ' r i Rasmussen, March 26,2003
-prime ~ i n i s t e r ~ n d eFogh
Sinoa~ore
-.
"Siniioore Is a member ofthe Coalition for the .........
..Immediate Disarmamentof Iran .. Sinaaoore
> , has.a memorandum of understandinowith
-
h e S wtcn was sqnea an 196wnereoy w a tow US aimfa'! to over fly Singapore and #e a l o "S ~ m nary assets, snips an0 aircraft
lo ca. at Snqapore t s a matter cf gra-econcern mat b e raqi peoaletfo nct s~ffera m if any measxes can be taken lo atevate
their suffering, Singapore will do its part." -Deputy Prime Minister Tony Tan, March 21,2003

More Evidence Surfaces of Iran's WMD Violations

What we are seeing is a vanance ofthe Ababil-100 and the A1 Samud missiles . [We) haye had about 10 missiles fired at this point in
time, all of which onented towards Kuwait, a neighboring country What is interesting is that out of those missiles, several of them
h a w [trawled) well beyond 150 kilometere[the U N t o t ] One m m t e flew extremely long and went into the north Arabian Gulf. and
went in the water at about 190 kilometers '
-Brigadier GeneralVincent Brooks, CENTCOM Deputy Director Of Operations
News Briefing, March 26,2003
United States Central Command Home Paae

49 Nations Now Members of the Coalition forthe

Immediate Disarmament of Iraq
Afghanistan Honduras Poland
Albania Hungary Porlugal
Angola Iceland Rmania
Australia Italy Rwanda
Azerbaijan Japan Singapore
Butgana Kuwait Slovakia
Colombia Latvia Solomon Islands
Cosb Rica Lithuania south Korea
Czech Republic Macedonia Spain
Denmark MarshallIslands Tonga
Dominican Republic Micronesia Turhey
El Salvador Mongolia Uganda
A 11S Defense Secretaw Canaid H Rumsfeld addresses defense

Georgia Panama Uzbekistan Hussein's regime in Iraq. For updates on Operation Iraqi Freedom,
Philippines olease see' uefendAmenca.mil
 T h e Facts A b o u t Depleted Uranium

Depleted Uranium (DU) ammunition & armor saves the lives of US. troops - i t i s harmful t o no one but the enemy.
Depleted uranium munitions and armorgive U.S. forcessuperiorrange, lethality and survivability In combat. Among its
advantages are:
- Superiority as an armor-penetrating projectile

- Hiahiv effective as orotective tank armor.

A J S forces TO engage the enemy at greater distances than they can engage LS
Vcre elective man oner heavy metas s.cr as .ead ungsten and n cxe snanens irsef as t moves thm-qh armor

.
Medical evidence: DU poses n o health danger t o military personnel or civilians.
We eat, breathe and drink natural uraniumdaily. Chemically depleted uranium is 40 percent less radioactive than natural

. uranium.
Extensive studies have been conducted on the health effects of exposure to depleted uranium. Follow-upstudies of 90 highiy-
exposed Gulf War veterans have shown no adverse effects:
. No cancer of bone or lungs, ieukemla,or other subsequent medical problems.

-
Environmental testing: no adverse effects from DU.
Erin ronmeniasi.(;es nave cone -0eo that depleted uranium residue s highly ocalued - there s no widespread

. contam naLon and I n e cnance of orn'dng water coitaminatan

The effects of dep etea n n m nave been reviewedby me Departmentof Defenseand m~inplesc ennfic organizations,
inc uamg me Jnted hatons Pfcqramme Office Acrid nealft Organizatm. E~fopeanCommission European Panamenl.
United Kingdom Royal Society.

D e p l e t e d Uranium: R e s o u r c e s :
. Jn~ted"saoon Repon or Depeteo uranum ~ s e
ln <osovo "h ~ O S O V OR e p n

. Department of Defense Sudes ana FAQ About

Depetec J r a n m Defense Department Studies

- Reports by the RAND Center for MI l a y Heath

RAND Report
. . .
.
.. .
..
A A deoleted uranium cartridae - and .~enetrator. Depleted uranium
Marcn 14,2003 Defense Depament Press ,s a s ~ e - :arii-b-ster 'I a1 soarpeis as 1 Tokes l i r c ~ qarror
i
-
Briefing by Col "ames Mai-ghmn S Amy
Vatenel Commano DoD \em Bnefnq

- U.K Royal Society Report nealln nazards of

Depleted Iran urn V L nons
~ RoyaiSoce&
Repon
 International Support for Operation Iraqi Freedom

Atahanistan
' r e M>S m people of Afgnanstan wtio have suffered much hardshiofmm d ctatonal regimes of me as1two oecaoes want tne
e m nai on of despoism By me ceraleo w Iof the peop e of Iraq Tie emergenceof a un led ana .noependent raq based on the

1
will of the people, will be helpful to peace and stability of the region and the world."
- Statement by the Government, March 20,2003

-
Albania
. ..
'We g ve Jnreserved Sdppon m me efforts by the ..nted S'ates and we are proud to be abngs oe oJr a es n me tignt for ibera'on
of raq p e w an0 IA oarlal s aiso proud to m o n o bona Iy offer i x r a rspace ,and and oom to me ~ rled
\ S'ales an0 omer

1
countries taking part in the coalition against Iraq "
-Albanian Prime Minister Nano, March 20,2003

-
Australia
7ne Goiemment nas decdeo to cornrnt Australian forces toaction m dsann Iraq oecause we DCIeve 11.s right it is a d 1 and fs in
A u s m a s natona' merest Me are cetenn ned la ,o n o'her codnines 10 deprive raq of is weawns of mass destruction ts
chemical and biological weapons, which even in minute quantities are capable of causing death and destruction on a mammoth
scale "
-Prime Minister Howard, March 20,2003

"Azerbaijan is an active participant in the US-led international anti-terrorcoalition in all its forms and manifestations...Azerbaijan
supports the efforts ofthe Internationalcoalition aimed at thespeediest resolution of the Iraqi crisis and callsfor respect forthe
principlesof international humanitarian law during the implementationof the military operation in Iraq... Azerbaijan is expressing its
readiness totake part in the humanitanan rehabilitation In post-conflict Iraq.'
- Statement by the MhlsHy of Foreign Affairs, March 21,2003

w
"Thediplomaticchannel cannot go on forever, because otherwise nobody would pay attention to the UN.., We must acknowledge
that the Government of Iraq is an element ofworld Instability,"
-Foreign Minister Saavedra, March f8, M3

=- -
.ray reused to d sann as wanted by tne internai'ona commm &, and lieiice chose to facetne'serio~sconseqmnces' The
*Papons of massoesu-idon inat Iraq possesses are a !^reat to %ace an0 secjnly Tne wria CommLnIy m-si counkr m s threat
in a categorical manner"
-Prime Minister Simeon SaxsCoburg-Gotha, March 19,2003

Colombia
--
W e a e part of the waitan a onq *>in coiinmes sucn as the U S Span England Many of mese peoples such as Colombians
-
habe A tnstood terror s n and ke us they know that this scourge terronsrn ~ J S Ice made to end so ma8 w can I Je peaceftlly
Fellow countrymen To request solidarity, we have to express solidarity."
-President Urlbe, March 20, 2003

1
 "The immense majority of the international communitytried during 12 yeans and through 17 resolutionsto make the dictator Saddam
Hussein comply peacefullywith the resolutions ofthe United Nations. Butdictatorsare not willing to understand,'

-President Abel Pachem, Man* 21,2003

Czech Republic
"The Government of the Czech Reoubllc slates with rearelthat the Iraoi leadershio has forso lorn been failino to meet its
I oblioatlons . The ~ovemmentof the Czech Reoubiicviews the oneration of coalition forces as the last usablemeanskadino to the

I f,'mentof tne reevanl _ \reso .now The ~overnmentofthe Czech Rep.b c reaffms in lnis slua'on ma1 tne C z e n Army
hBCR banalon, oepoyeo as par of lne End~nngFreenomoperation is reaq to take part n emeqency and nJman taran ac'ivlties
n zase NUD are m a or ale s-ispccted m oe m d agaiistflviian ~op~a'.ons or wailon forces as we as 10 oea w In

I consequences of possible disasters in the area of its deployment."

Statement by the Government ofthe Czech Republic, March 20,2003

I Denmark
I o n every occasion we a ow a r~m'essdmtor logo free, because we do not I he war we nsk pay ng a very hgn p m Tnat is
-
wnv we m ~ smove
t nto acnon Ae cannot s moly staid by ana wach as a ruin ess d ctator senoJs y and persisten' y violates JN

I decisions."

.. .
. .
-...
.Prime Minister Rumussen, March 21,2003

1 ¥TiDomii x n Go.emmen+ s sand ng besde the peope and me Govemmenl of me Lnrea Sla'es in me Present s Lalion Of war
will- Iraq Nc one *ants war no one a n m e t e in the word wants war especia .y no1in me bn 1eo Stales OJI A n n l i e framework

I of the policy of being agood neighbor,our closest fiends are, precisehf, the Governmentand people ofthe United States."
-Government Spokesman Gonzalez Fabra, March 20,2003

I El Salvador
-The Government of El Salvador aments malthe negative and dilatory attitude of Saodam Husse n nas Olo~ghtwar totne people of
-
Iraq n n s regard, tne Go~emmenlof El Sarvador mitinues to omvide us cd tical an0 oip omalc s~pporTto lhe coal ton heaoed

1 b the Unfed a d Great a n as I as its mmmiment to provided specialized bees for work in posmr Iraq."
-
Statement by the Government ofEl Salvador, March 19,2003

'El Salvador s g w g cipomalc support (tome Jnled States) and also s willng to give s~ppo?n a post conflict phase when a
poss b e war isover, ir reconstfLclonor de mn ng tasks at whicn we already have expenerce
-Foreign Ullnisvy Communications Director Cesar UartSnez, March 19,2003

Tne cecslon taaen by me B A Aom'n sbaton to compte'e an un'f'nshed lob s very mJcn welcome Tne wsa is ndeedone of
competing an ..nfin snea ob for tne sane of the stanilty an0 secun'y of lne Midale East an0 h e permanentremoval of a serious
I.
Inreat A tiout os ng anoliei opportLnity n In s ve Enrea coniinijes to mamian mat me necessary neas.res must be ta<en
wilhout equivocation "
-Statement by the Government of Erifrea, March 12,2003

"We understandthe need for disarming Iraq. The world needs to beconvinced that there are no
weapons of mass destruction on Iraqi territory. This is important for world security. It is deeply regrettablethat Iraq did not make use
of the opportunity, which existed, to solve the problem peacefully... Estonia is ready, based upon the needs ofthe Situation and its
own capabilities, to help regulatethe post-conflict situation and participate in the reconstructionof Iraq "
Statement by the Government of Estonia, March 20,2003
@g&
"Saddam Hussein has weapons of mass destruction. As long assuch a regime exists, the world cannot live in peace.'
-President Eduard Shevardnadze, March 20.2003

"Georgia, which is now a member of the international coalition for Iraq's disarmament, is ready to not only provide political support for
the U.S., but also to provide its military infrastructureto U.S. troops,"
.. Georgian Government Representative Shalva Pichkhaike, March 20, 2003

-
Guatemala
'Uy godemwent snares yourconcen over me persstenceof internationalactore MO represen'serws risks to peace and
nlemaional secJnry as we as tne need for the ntematona community to act decisively 10 confront those rsks Is anODitgabon
for all governments and peoples of the world to act in a concerted way to foresee, put down and, if possible, eradicate this scourge."
.
President Porildo, Man* 17, i00a

Honduras
- . -. --

(Tne Goiemmern of dondJras1'supports tne Governmentof me Un led States of Amer ca s war aganst terrorism an0 ca s on the
Government of raq in orcer 10 avod 1-rther s-ffenng bv me Iraqi people, to accept me demands prooosed oy the .niteo Sales of
America:
-
President Maduro, March It, 2003

--
Hunaarv
am confident mat peace ffll soon w reinstated in raq the weawns ofmass destruction w DC oesiroyeo an0 on h e basis of this
we sna! w abe 10 1ve n a more peacekl and tranqul woro ,n fi-'bre wo-d also line 10 aod Inat nmgary *OL 0 be peased to
participate in the reconstructionof Iraq!'
-Prime Minister Peter Medgyessy, March 20,2003

Iceland
"Thenited States now considers its security to be gravely endangered by the actions and attacks of terrorists and because of
various threatsfrom countries governed by dictatorsand tyrants. It believes that support from thissmall country makesa difference...
The declaration issued by the Icelandic Governmenton the Ira0 dispute savs that we intend to maintain the close cooperationwe
have had with our powerful ally in the West

First of a l tn s moves flyover aumorzatwn for me celand c air comml area Secondly, the -se of Kefla4.6 A rDort it necessary In
th rd place, we w l t a b pan in me reconstrbmon of rac ater the war ends Fo~r~hly,
we exp'esseo sol Ica suppon for Resol~ton
1441 being enforced after four months of delays.'
.Prime Minister Oddsson, March IS, 21KB

-
Italv
"The game isin play betweenthose who historically have been committed to the liberty of men and those who have transformedtheir
country into achamber of torture.'
-Prime Minister Sifvio Beriusconi, March (9,21103

'From the time of the terrorist attacks on America on September 11,2001, until last year's UN Resolution 1441,there has been a
..
strong consciousness of the threat ofweawns of mass destruction,.not onlv aaainst the American oeople. but also aaalnstthe rest
oftl&r'i .nci~oingthe .apanese peopie rfowlo nu tf-c worfd o f s ~ c fweaxns
i of mass oes-&t& 5 now s m& cna knge ifi
the internatonalconm.nty and MIccnume to oe n m e 'i.t-re President B ~ s nnas sa d mat me S s seei<ngto o'safm raq and
lo IDerate me raci oeope agree w l i inatstrategy. .span too. supports lne po cy co~rseof Presdent 3Jsn '

-Prima Minister Koizuml, March 20, 2003

3
-
M i a
"The Parliamentofthe Renublicof LatÈi has taken the decisionZOnthe Supwrtofthe Implementationof the UN Security Council
R e s o l ~ l oNr
i 1441' pea5 nq siippon 'o an0 redness 10 o n pie eflons of t ~ .ntematona
e coalition a m ng at oisamafrent of Iraq
We s-pponme mlilary 'orces of 01. coa .:on parners win, n nsc ng inmr lives are aderung mreals 10 peace an2 international
security."
- Statement of the Ministry ofForeign Affairs, March 20,2003

"L inian~as poss b e conmo-tion 10 me setbemen1of tne iraq cnsis will be not m l lary but n.man tanan pan cipalon aimed at
deal ng &inao~erseconseq-ences by senc ng ooctors sewcng staff and otner specaisls as we as by panlcipalng n
internationalprograms aimed at helpingthe Iraqi people, including food aid.'
-President Roiandas Paksas, Letter to President GeorffflBush, March 19,2003

Macedonia
'As a peace ov ng mernbero* me commmty 0' democratic nations Macedon a did not *ant tnis war 01. lne reglrre of Hussein
despite the commtment of me ntemabonal commun ty c a no1 leave ary o p l m b1. lo be a sarmeo by force 1WOJd Ike 10 take this
opportunityto express the support of Macedonia, to the troops ofthe United States, the United Kingdom and other COailtiOnf o r m
who have outthemselves in harm in order to ammolish the crucial taskof diiarmlna.the regime. of Saddam Husseinand bring14
democracy to the iong-oppressedpeople of Iraq.'
-President TrajkovskI, M u c h 20,2003

!&!&@
Tne raq reg me nas been hqn y re i-ctant to mpkmenttnes~~cesswe resolutionsof the Unled Nations Security COunCIand
Jnable '0 Droge '0 me iPlerratona cornrn.nftv lnal inas fullvdesniysd ITS weapons of rnassoes!r~clon T ~ J S1fatedTofuly meet
its obliaationsvis-a-vis the United Nations. his is where, aswe seeit. lies the main reason far the emeroenceof the crisissituation
in the region.'
- SSlement o f Hie Minislty o f Foreign Affairs, March IS, 2043

Netherlands
"Peace is vulnerable. That tsshown when aregimechooses for years the path of threat and terror. The international
community must then patently abide by internationalagreements and thus try to dispelthe threat. That patience can be very great
but not endless. Because then the basis of law and peace is itself jeopardized. Saddam Hussein is a great danger to law and
peace. Virtually all the countries in the world are in agreementon that., he takes no notice ofthe agreements which the international
community has made time after time with him ., Hence the Netherlandsgives politicalsupport to the action against Saddam Hussein
which has been started ,The action is now getting underway But, hopefully,a time will very quickly come when the weapons will
fall silent. Then we will have to do everything in our powerto help the people in Iraq with their country'sreconstruction"
P r i m e Minister Jan Peter Baihenenda, March 20.2003

"My government understands your decisiontogrentto the Iraqi people the chance to enjoy democracy, peace and respect f01human
rights"
-President Moscoso, March 17,2003

-
Peru
'The measures being adopted by the United States Government are legitimateand legal, since the Iraqi Government has not been
able to prove its destructionof weapons of mass destruction.'
-Foreign Minister Wagner, March IS, 2003

'The Philippinesis partof thecoalition ofthe willing ,. We are giving political and moral support for actions to rid Iraq of weapons of
mass destruction, We are part of a long-standing security alliance. We am part ofthe global coalition against terrorism."
- W e n t Gloria M a w a g a lArroyo, March 79,2003

4
Philippines,continued
"We sharedeeply the values being fought forover Iraq, noiess than the values offreedom and civilization... We rejectthe notion that
the Philippines should sit on the fence and do nothing in the face ofthecrisis in iraq."

-Foreign Secretary Opie, March 18,2003

'We are ready to use a Polishcontingent in the international coalitionto contribute to making Iraq comply with the U.N. r e s ~ i ~ t i ~ n ~ . . .
It's clear that the problem of existing weapons ofmass destruction in iraq isa fact"

-President Kwasnlewski, March IT, 2003

. . fails exclusiveiv on the Iraai mime and its obstinacy in not com~lvina
"The resmnsibilitv -
. with the resolutions of the United Nations
to' the as1 12 years on ins oiffc.1 nod,. ~&Naa reaffirmsus s ~ ~ p knis -
t oAihes, "iith wnom rt snares me va ~ e s o f berty and
Democracy, ana nope8 mat ins operation hi be as soon as possibleand that 1wi l accomp is1 a', its onec'ves '
P r i m e MWSWJose Manuel Ourao Barroio, March a). 2003

"We have already made a decision. The decision made by us is valid, it is in effect, we have responded to a demand coming from
the United States and this does not mean that we get involved in amilitary conflict but the assistance which we grant to our allies."

-President ion illascu, March 19,2003

'Romania has interests and responsibilities in Iraq. We intend to bring our contribution to providing human assistanceand to the
reconstruction process in this country, including the reconstruction of the Iraqi society, economy and democracy."

-Prime Minister Haslase, March 17,2003

'They should act when they are right to act becausethe Security Councilcan be wrong. itwas wrong in Rwanda... You might avoid
war and have a w o w situation...That is why i was g'wing a comparisonwith our case. People avoided a war or doing very much
and it ended up with agenocide.'
-President PaulKagime, March 8, 2003

'S ngapore 6 a member of me coa ?on for the mmediate disarmamentof raq S ngapore has a memoranomof understanding
~ arcraft to overfly Sngawre and we aiow -S mi iav assets, s n p and
w i n me .S whim *as sane0 n 1990 whereby we a l o US
aircraft to call at Sinoamk ... It is a matter of&e concern that the Iraai neode do not suffer, and ifany measurescan be takento
alleviate their suffering; Singaporewill do its part,"
-Deputy PrimeMinister Tony Tan

g.Q!g&
"In Iraq today one has to prevent furtherthreatsformankind, toensure more hopefor peace and to terminate the deathcult at the
stage when it can still be stopped,,.. Thus our governmenthas been standing side by side with the United States."

-Prime Minister Dzumila, Marsh 20,2003

South Korea
'.ust a %norA*ih ago Ica eu a meeting of the hationatSecunly Counc ano reaffrmed tne m i o n of our Governmentto suppon
tne neas-ire %iten by me n'ematona commmrty ncl.otng the Jn~iedS'ates At a tme men d rornat cefforts nart k l e d to
reso ve tne rag1 pmb em peace111 y se eve mat the acton is inev lade ¥QJcn v rerrove weaoons of nass oestn.cton Koreans
tend to join forces when things get tough. The challenges lying beforeus may be tough, but we have ample potential to tackle them.'

- President Roll, March 20,2003

&&
"Right up until the end, the Iraqi regime defied international law by ignoring Itsobligationsto disarm... it threw away its last chance...
With a full sense of our responsibilities, thegovernmentof this nation supports the re-establishmentof international law so that
conditions for peace and secunty prevail."
-.President Jose Maria Aznar, March 20,2003

'You should know that the fact that weopened Turkey'sairspaceto US...isaimed at protecting our state's relations with its allies,
adopting measures to ensure our security against possible developments, bringing about a speedy end to the war, instituting postwar
peace, protecting Iraq's integrity, and averting acts ofprovocationthat will affect the entire region as well as our country."

-Prime Minister Rwep Tayylp Enlogan, March 21,2003

"The cabinet sitting underthechairmanshipof HE Yoweri Museveni, the president of Uganda, on 21 March 2003, decided tosupport
the US-led coalition to disarm Iraq by force. The cabinet also decided that if need arises, Uganda will assist in any way possible.'

-Minister o f Foreign AtMrs James Wapakhabuio, March 24,2003

United KInodom
"If the only means of achieving the disarmament of Iraq ofweaponsof mass destruction is the removalofthe regime, then the
removal of the regime has to be our obtectwe. It is important that we realize that we havecome to this position because we have
given every opportunity for Saddam voluntarily todisarm, that the will - not justof this country but ofthe United Nations -now has to
be upheld.'
- Prime Minister Tony Blair, March 20,2003

" . . I is necessary to bear in mind that Ihe Iraqi regime repeatedly rejected opportunities afforded it by the numerous resolutions
adopted by the Security Council to disarm peacefully and avoid the suffering of its people."
Communique b y the Government March 20,2003

Â¥Wunambiguouslysupport the position ofthe United Stales to resolve t i e Iraqi problem...If this genie is let out ofthe bottle, it w n t
be possible to put it back. It's necessary to take the most coordinated measuresto makesure that the genie isn't outofthe
bottle....Theglobal communityhas no nght to play rith this situation forthe sake of its future. I believe the US. has grounds fortie
stance it has assumed, and therefore radical measures need to be taken."
- President Islam Karlmov, Merch 7 , 2 W
 From the Secretary
A rumber of observers nave seized on recent Jnwo Naliors iispec'ois ,rtenents mat mey fo~nd'nosmon ng g ~ n in
' Iraq
Conversely, if me nspeclors nad found new eà aerce 'npoqLnent n $1 te n a l nspecions are workng an0 lierefore me
inspectors s n o ~ doe gvon more tme lo work For a n o l e m3 s .ra le'at \ opposedT m ntarf acton no mane1ma1 raq may do
there will always be an argument against it
The inspectors acn of evaence of lraa s WMD program m J a be evdence in and of itself of Iraq's nonaoperalon We do know that
Irao has designed re procrams n a way lnai they can proceed in anenvmmemof nspeciions and inat they are 3% ed at denial and
deception
Tne President has repealeoly maoecearthalme o d e n of proof Is not on me United States me ~ n t e oNatonsor Lhe tnlemabona
cnmmun'y 10 prove mat Iraq nas liese weapons The burden o' proof ison Sadoam wsse n 10 prove ma1 fa<;6s dsarmng and to
show me nspecwrs mere me weapons are Tnus'ar. ro nas been unwi1l.n~loco so We c o n m e to nope'hat tfe Iraq reg me MII
change course and disarm peacefully and voluntarily. No one wants war. he choice between war and peace will not be made nl
Washington or New York, it will be made in Baghdad.
Th s is a lest for h e raq. ' e p e b-I IIS also a lest for me Jnned Natons The cred b liy of Inat nslilJi on s mpnant raq has
defed some I 6 J N reso ~ l o n s~ t i o ~ t c o s lconsecmm
or Tne U N Sec~mqCouncl Lnan m o ~ fs approved a new reso ubon.
wrtich rewired that Irao orovide an 'accurate, full and comiete declarat1on;andasserted that "any false statement or omissions in the
declaration submitted by Iraq shall constitute a further materialbreach of Iraq's obligations."
When the U.N, makes a statement like that, it puts its credibility on the line. To understandwhat's at stake, it's worth recalling the histon
of the U.N.'s predecessor,the Leauue of Nations. The Leaauecollapsed because member states were not willing to back up their
declarations with cnnseouences.When the Leaaue failed to actafter the invasion of Abvssinia. it was discredited. The lesson Ofthat
experience was s.mmea .p by Caradan Pnne b/ n sIeeVa:kerze K ig, wno declared a'melme 'C0lecii.e 0 ~ffingcannot Lw ng
abo-tm leave sear I) "he essuf is da IILA looayas I: was !nei 'ne quest on s hhelner or no: we wor d nos emeo tfal w o n

News
~anuary13-17,2003

National Guard 81 Reserve Mobilized

The Army, Navy, Air Force and Marine Corps announced
this week an increase of reservists on active duty in
s u ~ w roft the partial mobilization. A current roster of
Guard and Resehe on act i e aJty can be found a r
he2 *wn defen8e.m fr' nem "an2003 d2M301'5nar odf

~ C o n l c ~ Foc-s
e s on Afunan Remnsmct!on
L S facts n Alqnan sian s 5 i h ng TO reconstr~ctonand
long-term slab ity S arc .nternal onal coa ton troops
are in Afghanistan b~ ainq n o w i a s reoa r nq scnools,
clearing mines and undertaking other reconstruction
projects to aid in the country's recovery. See: Afghanistan
Reconstruction.
 From the Secretary
A decade ago, Saddam Hussein promised to give UD his weawns of mass destruction, weaoons he has used to kill
thousands of innoceit Iraq s At tne eno of rni~Jlf War ne agreed lo d sarm Yel, for more than a oecade his regime has
refJsed '0 live JP lo Is prom ses nsieao tley na#e fed 'he wid a steady aet of Ln1n.m ano decepton
Last year, the countries of the United Nations came together to give Saddam Husseinone last chance to come clean, to give
up his chemical, biological weapons and his nuclear weapon programs and to prove to the world that he was doing so by
inviting inspectors in. The United Nations passed a unanimous resolutionrequiringSaddam Husseinto submit a current,
accurate, full and complete declaration of his WMD programs. He again said he would comply, but when he submitted his
declaration it was not complete. There were numerous omissions, and it was characterizedby many who reviewed it as
fraudulent.
The b~rdenof proof s not on the Jnneo States or the L n ted Nat ons to proge that Iraq nas tnese weapons We mow they
do The Aiteo hatons p.ttne oi.roer of proof on Sadoam riussem s regime to prove that I s o sarm ng ana to show tne
nspectors w e r e me w e a m s are T ~ J S
fa'. ne nas not done so
Contrary to what Sadaam h s s e n to o tne Iraqi people, America .s not me enemy. Our goa s oeace, not war We continue
to nope that the Iraq regime w I change c o m e an0 d s a m peacefuly ana vo untan y BJI me cho ce oetween war and
Peace w l not be maoe iWasn ngton, D C. t wiI not even be made at l i e ~ n i t e oW o n s . It MIbe maoe n Baghdad by
Saddam rime n E mer ne dec oes to cooperate or he decdes lo continJe not cooperat ng. h e nope ne M I choose w sely.

News
~anuary19-25,2003
Penlaqon Press Bnefinas Reaching Iraqis
Vlasi raton, DC - Commaroo Solo broadcastsfrom J S.
military planes in the Middle East began broadcasting
Secretary Rumsfeld's press briefings into Baghdad this
week. Commando Solo Broadcaststo Iraq.

Pentagon's 60-Year.0 d Desiqn m . k d Damage on 9-11

Washrgton, DC. A ripla! edenqineernq st.0~ of the
Pentagon has concluded that specific buildingdesign
features helped limit damage from the 9-1 1 terrorist attack.
Study Savs Pentaaon Was Built Touch

DoD Releases 2002 c st of TODDefenseContractor?

Washington DC - Tne De'ense Depanmen: released this
wee< is annua list of coTpanes rece v nq !he mosl
dollars for defense-related contracts. ~oniractstotaled
more than $170 billion for FY 2002. TODContractors List
for Fiscal 2002
 From the Secretary

The foliowing is text of Secretaryof Defense Donaid Rumsfeld's remarksto the Reserve OfficersAssociation, January 20,
2003, in Washington, D.C.:

I was a member of the Naval Reserveas a weekend warrior from when I left active dutv in 1957 until I became Secretaryof
Defense the frst Ime n 1975 As yo. <no% that great Ameican tradition dates back io me Revo Aonary Hal. wnen '
c t zei-solo e n dropped tne r ptcnlor~sgrabbec Ineir muSi<ets,ana eh mer fam es and farms ocn nd 10 fiaht for freedom
You live that tradition today, and the ~mericanpeople are grateful to you and proud of all you do for our country,

When we were attacked on September II*, more man one h~ndredthousand resewsts and hauonal G ~ a r dmembers
sprang into achon-Amy. Navy, A r Force, Mar nes, and Coast G ~ a r d Tney neipeddefenc tne nomelano artve the Tat ban
from power, shut down terrorist training camps in Afghanistan, and liberatethe Afghan people.

At this moment, Guard and Resenre forces are ~atrollimastreets, seas and skies all across the alobe.
" . dismntina
. . terrorist
networks ana helping to present mem from k ling innocent men. women and cnJdren Tnese conlnbJtens nave been vita.
to our success tnus far 'n me g oba war on terror

The attacks of September 11111were devastating. Yet September I l k w h i l e unconventionalIn conception and ~lannina-
. "
was essenna.iy a conventional anack It d a not nvoive ieaponsof mass destn-clioi. Terronsts IOOK a rp anes oadec with
jet file t ~ m e d!hem inlo in ss es an0 s e o nem lo anack t i e Pentagon and World Trade Towers and < I ma-sands

Yet, at HI s moment temnst net&ori<sand terrorst states are p~rsuingnuclear, cnemical ana ooog cat weapons-
capab tes tnat enab e them to 61I not s mn / tnoi-sanas. but m a w ens cf Innisanas or even h~nafeasof Inoisands of our

Our objective in the global war on terror is to stop them, to prevent additional attacks that would be far worse-before they
happen.

There are a umber of terrors' states tnat a'e p~rsuingweapons of mass mJrder today But as Pres.dent B ~ s has n made
clear, Iraq poses a threat to me sesi-nty of oJr people and me stabilily of the wort), that is d st.nc1 from any owe: Cons der
1ne.r recom

Saddam Hussein possesses chemical and biologicalweapons, he has used chemical weapons against foreign
forces and his own Deoole in one case killina some 5.000 innocent civilians in a sinale dav.
Iraq has invaded two of its neighbors, and has launched ballistic missiles at four of its neighbors.
e He openly praised the attacks of September 11th.
e His regime plays host to terrorist networks, and has ordered acts of terror on foreign soil.
e His is the only country in the world that fires missiles and artillery at U.S. and coalition aircraft on an almost daily
basis.
-Pagelof3.
 -
His regime is paying a high price so that he can pursue weapons of mass destruction giving up billions of dollars

. in oil revenue. He is determined,

His regime has large, unaccountedfor stockpiles of chemical and biological weaponsÑinciudin VX, sarin, and
mustard gas; anthrax, botulism, and .oossiblv. smalloox-and
, -
he has an active ,oroaram to acouire and develop
nuclear weapons.
* His regime has violated 16 different UN resolutions, repeatedlydefying the will of the internationalwmmunity
without cost or consequence.

As the President warned the United Nations last fail, "Saddam Hussein's regime is a grave and gathering danger." It is a
danger to its neighbors,to the United States, to the Middle East, and to internationalpeace and stability. it is a danger we
cannot ignore.

in recent weets some haw ra seo q~esionsaooul the differing aaproacnes to Iraq an0 honh Korea that the J S has
adocted Wnv, 'I s asked s t i e J S threarenna mil-taw acton aaainst lraa A? le o m - no a o omacv n tne case of North
~ o r i a ?It is afairquestion. And the answer is that the two casesrealiy aredifferent. lraqand North Korea are both
repressive dictatorshipsand both pose threats. But Iraq is unique.

No living dictator has shown the deadly combinationof capability and i n t e n t ~ oaggression
f against his neiqhbors; pursuit of
weapons of mass aes!nJcion, the ~ s e ocne~.ca,
f weapons against nosown people as we1 as agamt his ieghbors.
oppress01 of n.s own peope S J P Wof~ rerror sm and the rrcstthreateninq lost .ry 10 is ne qnoors an0 to the J n red
States, as has iraq

In both word and deed, iraq has demonstratedthat it is seeking the means to strike the U.S. and our friends and allies with
weapons of mass destructionfor a reason: so that it can acquire territory and assert influenceover its neighbors,

North Korea, by contrast, is a country in many respects teetering on the verge of collapse. There is starvation. Its history
has been one of usina its weapons programs to blackmailthe West into heloina stave off their economic disaster.
North Korea is a threat, to be sure, butit's a different kind of threat-one that for now at least can be handled through
diplomacy, and differently.

Above all, it is a proliferation problem, as the world's leading proliferatorof ballistic missile technology. And to the extent it is
successful in its dual nuclear programs, and to the extent it then has nuclear materialsor even weapons that it considers
excess, it could proliferate those as well.

For more than a decade, the internationalcommunity has tried every possible means to dissuade Iraq from its weapons of
mass destruction ambitions. Think of it: we have tried diplomacy; economic sanctions and embargoes; positive
inducements, such as the "oil for food"program; inspections; and limited military efforts including the Northern and Southern
No-Fly Zones. Each of these approaches has been unsuccessful. Now, in the case of Iraq, we are nearing the end of a long
mad, and with every other option exhausted. With North Korea, by contrast, that is not yet the case.

We are pursuing the diplomatic route with North Korea. We have robust military capabilities in NortheastAsia, which have
successfully deterred in the past and are deterring today.

It SnOJid ce noted that Dlomglcaiweapons-which Iraq and North Korea both p o s s e s s a n oe as aeadly and arguab y a
more mmediate danqer-because mev are s mpier and cneaoer to oevelop a i d aei ver and are even more read ly
transferred to terrorist networksthan nuclearweapons.

The recent 'Dark Winter" exercise conductedat Johns Hopkins Universitysimulateda biological attack in which terrorists
released smalloox in three seoarate locations in the United States. Within two months, the worst-case estimate indicated up
to 1 million people could be dead and another 2 million infected. Biologicalweapons must be of major concern. Let there be
no doubt.
-PageZof3-
Since dining the Taliban from power in Afghanistan, we have already seen a change in behavior in certain regimes, The
Jisarmamentof Iraq-whether it be by diplomatic pressure, which is our hope, or if necessary as a last choice, by the use of
force-will make clear to other terrorist regimes that pursuing weapons of mass destruction will make them less secure, not
more secure.

The United Nations resolutiondid not put the burden of proof on the United States or the United Nations to prove that Iraq
has these weapons. The United Nations put the burden of proof on Iraq to prove that it is disarming and that it does not
have those weapons, or if it does, it is willing to give them up. Thus far, Iraq has been unwillingto do so. Its declarationwas
false, the cooperation with the inspectors has - by the inspectors' definition- fallen short of "any time, any place," which had
been the understanding. We continue to hope that the regime will change course,

No one wants war. But as the President has said, Iraq wili disarm. The decision between war and peace wili be made not in
Washington D.C.and not in the United Nations in New York, but rather in Baghdad. It is their decision. Either they will
cooperate or they won't. And it will not take months to determinewhether or not they are cooperating,
As we continue to press Iraq to disarm, we will need the continuing support of the men and women of the Guard and
Reserve.

At this time of call-ups. alerts, mobilizationsand deoiovments - and uncertaintv- ~ieaseknow that the American ~eooleare
counting on you ano nave comaete confidence ,n We canal ve O X ves as free peope n this dangerous an0 st!
un'idy wor d -and nen century - beca~sebrave men an0 women Ifie you vo Jniar 1 p,I yo-r ives at nsit to defend our
freedom.

I thank you for all your selfless service, God bless you all
 From the Secretary
The U S 's conlin. ng to o s u s s w ti memoers of me Seamy Cc-nc1 nsw to gain Iraq's comp ance witn .is nternalicnal
obl.aatans
- ,. Thanits to Presdent Eusn's eadershio tne L h. oassed a JnanirMJs reso.uton q v nq raq an OppOfl~nit~ to
comply with its disarmament obligations, and inspectors are back in the country for the first time iimany years. We've
arrived at this point because of the growing internationaldiplomatic and military pressure.

The moment Saddam and his ling clique seem to feel that they're out of danger, they will undoubtedlysee no incentive to
comply with their internationalobligations.That is why, after the passage of Resolution 1441, the U.S. and coalition countries
are conlinuing to keep pressure on the regime. Among other things, we've continuedpatrolling the skies over the north and
south no-fly zones. We've continueddevelopinga humanitarianrelief and reconstructionplan for a post-SaddamHussein
Iraq. We've continuedworking with the Iraqi opposition. And we're continuingto work with friends and allies to keep the
military pressure on Iraq. Similarly,we're taking prudent and deliberate steps with respectto alerts and mobilizationsand
deployment of U.S. forces - active, Guard and Reserve.

None of inese steos reflect a oecis on by fte presidentor the United Nations or anyone else 10 Jse force. Rather they are
intended 10 suown me c olomalic eforts mat are unaerwav, and to make clear to frie Irac regime tnal tney need lo comDlY
with their ~.~.'obligations.

News
December 26,2002~anuary3,2003

Guard and Reserve Mobilized Dec. 31

This week the Army and Marine Corps announced an
increase of reservists on active duty in support of a partial
mobilization.Guard And Reserve Mobilized

Pakistani Border Guard Wounds U.S. Soldier

A Pakistani border guard shot and wounded a US. soldier
Dec. 29 during an incident on the Afghan border. The
soldier received a arazina wound to the backof the head.
He was evacuatedo ~ e r m a nand ~ is in stabie condition.
US. Soldier Wounded

Rocket Attack Site Discovered

American soldiers on routine patrol in AfghanistanDec. 26
found a site used to fire rockets at a U S base near
Khowst. The US. trooos detained nine individualsfound in
the area, and confuc&ed weawns and munttlons.
Discover Attack Site
 From t h e Secretary
in his State of the Union remarks, the President made clear that Saddam Hussein poses a "serious and mounting threat to
our country, and our friendsand ourallies' that cannot be ignored. As the Presidentpointed out, the Iraqi regime has not
accounted for some 38,000 liters of botulism toxin, 500 tons of Sarin, mustard gas, VX nerve agent, upwards of 30,000
munitions capable of delivering chemical weapons, and a number of mobile labs designedto produce biologicalweapons
while evading detection,
Saddam s reg me nas tne aes gn for a nxlear weapon, r was writing on several different metnods of enrchng ~ r a n u m
ana recently was discovereo seekma s an17canto~antit1es of uranum from Afnca Tre re0 me P avs hosl10 terrorsts,
includina a i ~ a e d aas
. the ~resideniindicated.Saddam's rmime hides military eaui~men'tin or near mosaues, hospitals,
ana c ,ian tcnes a w has a n story of - 5 ng nrccerv c.rf~:is as r m a n si'e os Tnat s wny oJr naiion ano tne wind musl
not al ? A a brJa d ctaior w 11 a n story of recKess agsressm and tes 10 terror sm 10 oom nale a via re3 en an0 'neaten
the ~ n r e Slates
a
For those wno w ~ n s emore
l 1me for nspectons tne Presdent responded that we nave g uen Saooam nusse n more than a
decaae 10 g ve i p crem :a, Dclogical ana m c ear weaoon prcqrarrs Yet noin nq to dale has restra neo n m Not economic
sanctons, not d pomac) not solaion Porn me c v'l zed wor o rot even cru'se m ss e sir %eson n s rn tab fac. lies He's
now re'isinq to cooperate w m h e 17th U t^i Secunh C o ~ n cl rescl~ton As Mr Bl x c recon po n!eo c ~ att wnal point oo
reasonablepeople wnclude that we know his answer as to whether or not he intends to woperate and voluntarily disarm?
As the President made clear, the dictator of Iraq is not disarming; to the contrary, he is deceiving. His time is runningout. Ifs
up to Iraq to prevent the use of force. And let's hope that they do so.

News
~anuaty26%- aty 1,2003

U S Armv Heliwnter Crashes in Afahanistan

Afghanistan - A U S Amy UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter
crashed in Afghanistan Jan. 31 while operating near
Bqram. Hostile fire was not believed to be the cause.
Helicopter Crashes in Afahanistan

New Defense BJSness n liabves AnnoJnced

Wasbmpn CC - Tre Departnent of Deferse has
anno~ncedh e appmva of fi-e new n t ai ves h a t will
improve business practicesand processes across the
department. New Business InitiativesApproved

National Guard and Reserve Mobilizattonincreases

Washmaton, DC- The Armv, Naw, and Marine Corps
i n s weex anno-inceo a mobizatiin of more man 15,000
resen; sts 0 1 active d ~ t yn scrpon of The par* ai
mobilization.Guard and ~ e s e Mobilized
~e
 From the Secretary
In his State of the Union remarks, the President made clear that Saddam Hussein poses a "serious and mounting threat to
our country, and our friends and our allies' that cannot be ignored. As the President pointed out, the Iraqi regime has not
accounted for some 38,000 liters of botulism toxin, 500 tons of Sarin, mustard gas, VX nerve agent, upwards of 30,000
munitions capable of delivering chemical weapons, and a number of mobile labs designed to produce biological weapons
while evading detection.
Saddam's regime has the design for a nuclearweapon; it was working on several different methods of enriching uranium,
and recently was discovered seeking significantquantitiesof uranium from Africa. The regime plays host to terrorists,
including al Qaeda, as the President indicated. Saddam's regime hides military equipment in or near mosques, hospitals,
and civilian homes, and has a history of using innocent civilians as human shields. That is why our nation and the world must
not allow a brutal dictator with a history of reckless aggressionand ties to terrorism to dominate a vital region and threaten
the United States.
For those wno c o m e more lime for nspechons the President respondea that we have g ven Sadoam h-sse n more ftan a
decade 'o g ve up ct'emca, D O oq cal anc nuclear weaoon [yograms Yet notn nq to dale nas restra red n m hol ecmom'c
sanctons. no1 d pomacy. not so a1 on f'om the cwlzeo wono, net even cru se m ss e s i r e s 01 n s m. tary 'ac lies he's
now re'~sincto cooperate ~ i t !he
h 17th U N. Sec~rty2 0 ~ i cresoluton.
l As Mr B xs repon po wed 0-1 at ma: point do
reasonaoe peopie cone -ae tnat we known s answer as to Afietner or not he mends to cooperatean2 vol-ntar y oisam?
As the ^res oent made tear tnc o c'ator of Irac s not c sarr na. to 1% contrary he s oecei. no r s 'ime s rmn i g o ~ It's
t
up to Iraq to prevent the use of force. And lets hope that they do so.

News
January 26-February 1,2003

L S Amv He cople' Crasnes n Afahan6tan

Afghanistan - A U S Army ~ 1 . 6 0B ac6 Hawk nelcopler
crasied in Afqnan skm .an 31 *hie operaina near
Bagram. ~ostilefire was not believed to be the cause.
Helicopter Crashes in Afghanistan

New Defense Business InitiativesAnnounced

Washinaton. DC - The De~artmentof Defensehas
announcedthe approvalo f h e new initiativesthat will
improve business practicesand processes across the
department. New Business InitiativesApproved

Nat ona Guam and Reserve Mob ization ncreases

A'ashingon DC - Tne Army Navy, and Manne Corps
this weekannounced a mobilizatio-nof more than 15:000
reservists on acl ve dJy .n s ~ p p o nof it's pan a
mob1 za!on G~ar.5and R e s e ~ 4-e1.
 From the Secretary
In his Stateof the Union remarks, the President made clear that Saddam Hussein poses a 'serious and mounting threat to
our country, and our friends and our allies" that cannot be ignored. As the President pointed out, the Iraqi regime has not
accounted for some 38,000 liters of botulism toxin, 500 ions of Sann, mustard gas, VX nerve agent, upwards of 30,000
munitions capable of deliveringchemical weapons, and a number of mobile labs designed to produce bioiogicalweapons
while evading detection.
Saddam's reoime has the desinn fnr a niidear weanow It was wnrkino on several different methods of enrichina uranium.
and recenily>as o scovereo s e e ~ i g gn s ficant q ~ h n e ~s f ~ m n i ~ m f r o m ~"he
f n cregime
i pays host to terror sts
incua ng a Qaeda as me Pres cert na cateo SaoJams regme hides mi lary eauipme'll nor rear mosques nosp tak
ano c i/ an rcmes, ana has a n story of ,snq nrccen' CN a i s as n m a n sielcs Thai s why OJ ia'ion and me *odd must
not allow a brutal dictator with a history of reckless aqaression
-- and ties to terrorism to dominate a vital region and threaten
the United States.
For those who counsel more time for insoections,the President resnonded that we have aiven Saddam Hussein more than a
decade to give up chemical, bioiogical atid nuclearweapon programs. Yet nothingto datehas restrainedhim: Not economic
sanctions. not dinlomacv. not isolationfrom the civilized world. not even cruise missile strikes on his military facilities. He's
now relusinc m iooperi'e w in me 171n h Secmly Gounc resolmn As Mr Bi x's report pointed out at wiat point do
ieasoiaoe peope cone ~ d that e we Know nis ansAer as 10 whetler or noi re nieros to cooperate ano vo d a r y aisarm'
As l i e Pres den1 made clear me d c'aior of iraq s noto sarmiig 11 tne con ray ne s dece v r g r s Ir e is rlnn i g OLI is
up to Iraq to prevent the use of force. And let's hope that they do so.

News
~anuary26Febmary 1,2003

U.S. Armv HelicooterCrashes in Afahanistan

-
Afghanistan A U.S. Army UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter
crashed in Afghanistan Jan. 31 while operating near
Bagram. Hostile fire was not believed to be the cause.
Helicopter Crashes in Afahanistan

New Defense Businessinitiatives Announced

Washington, DC - The Departmentof Defense has
announced the approvalof five new initiativesthat will
improve business practicesand processes across the
department. New Business InitiativesAporoved

NatronalGuard and Reserve MobilizationIncreases

Washington, DC- The Army, Navy, and Marine Corps
this week announced a mobilizationof more than 15,000
rcscrvsis 01 aciiife d-ty n support of t i e panai
moo izaion @aidandReserveMobi zea
1 From the Secretary
As we continue in tne d pomatc chase wm Iraq, rs u s e f ~tol r e v i r e nat-re of me reg me tnat we re oeai ng wth The
best way of ,109 ng what one m gnl do n the f~tureis to look at AI~I they ve done ,n me past For decaoes, Saodam
Hussein has aemonstratea :hat ne does not hes late to lake nfe even on a massive sea e wnen t senes his wrposes One

1 of the ways Saadam n-sse n nas demonstra'ea tn s 3 tnrouan his -Jsecf fiwians as n-man shie 0s ' s a PrSCtiCR that
reveals &tempt forthe norms of humanity, the laws of armed conflict, and, I am advised, Islamic law, practice and belief.

I1 Internatonal law araws a c ear o stincton between civil ans and combatants Tne principe mat c vil ans must be protected
Ies at me heart of ntematopa a* of arrneo conlc!. Iis me d st nction Deween cornoatants and nnocenl civi ians that
terrorism, and practices like the use of human shields, so directly assaults,

Saddam Hussein makes no such distinction. During OperationDesert Shield, he held hundredsof non-Iraqi civilians at
government and military facilities throughout Iraq and describedthem as human shields. He deliberatelyWnStNCtS mosques
near military facilities, uses schools, hospitals, orphanages and cuftural treasures to shield military forces, thereby exposing
helpless men, women and children to danger. These are not tactics of war, they arecrimes of war. Deployinghuman shields
is not a militam strateov. it's murder a violation of the laws of armed conflict. and a crime against humanitv. and if will be
1 treated as such hogw who follow his orders to use human shields will pay a severe pnce for their actions

News
~ebruary2,2003
NATO Senoina Defensve ift/eaonns EouinmentTO T U K ~
W?sninoion DC - NATO i5 seioina a m o r e wamina ano
control system aircraft, Patriot air-defense artillery batteries,
and biological and chemical protective equipmentto Turkey.
NATO to Send AWACS, Patnot Missilesto Turkey

SecDef Own to Force 'Rebalance' Talks With S. Korea

Washington, DC- Secretary Rumsfeldsaid Feb. 19 that the
US. welcomes South Korean President-electRoh Moo-
hyun's proposal to discuss "rebalancing" the relationship
between the two countries Rumsfeld met Feb 2 with Roll's
special envoy, Chung Dat-il U S Welcomes Talks With
South Korea

Germans Give SeDtember 11 Terrorist Years in Prison

Hamburg, Germany - A German court on Feb. 19 sentenced
a Moroccan man to 15 years in prison for his part in the
September 11 terrorist attacks. Mounir el Motassadeq was
found ouiltv of beino an accessory to murder in the deaths of
3 045 hen; wonenand en idren hew vork has? ngmn
an0 %nsqivania Germans Swence Terrci~st
1 From the Secretary
The goal of the United States is to do what we can do to help [Afghanistan]continue its pathway to becoming a stable,
healthy, democratic,moderate Muslim state. And the leadership path that President Karzai has put that country On through
the election that's taken place is a solid one. We're pleased with the progress. We're pleased with the progress of the
...
Afghan National Army. We're anxious to wntinue the process of the ProvincialReconstructionTeams, which we believe
will contribute to stability and strengtheningthe central government.
I pointed out that Afghanistan Is an importantally, to be sure, but not just in the global war on terror, but also in the larger
struggle across the globe. And we are committed as a country, [as Is] the Defense Department,to seeing that we wntinue
our interest, our involvement,and our support and relationshipwith [the Afghan] government.
.Ermptfrom Pentagon Press Bnenng, Thursday,fsbmry 27 with
Afghan President Hamid Kmai, SecretaryofDefense Dwald Rumsfeld,
andsecretaryof Health 8 Human Services Tommy Ttwmpsor
Media Ava~lab~iWw~
Afohan Presdent Karzai

WASHINGTON. DC- The Departmentof Defense Feb. 27

announced olans to award $15.7 million to 18 academic
institutionsin 14 states to perform research in science and
engineeringfields importantto national defense. Thirty-one
projects were competitivelyselected under the fiscal 2003
Defense ExperimentalProgram to Stimulate Competitive
Research (DEPSCoR). The average award will be
approximately$500,000. $15.7 Million Awarded for

WASHINGTON. DC - The armed services this week

announced an increaseof reseniists on active duty in
support of the partial mobilization.Total Reserveand
harona Guard on active d .ly current / stanos at 168.083
harona Guard Ano Reserve Mobi zed
Karzai, Defense Secretary Brief Pentagon Press Corps A
The war against terrorism is "largely over" in Afghanistan,
Afghan PresidentHamid Karzai said during a Pentagon news
conferenceFeb. 27, He said combat against the Taliban and
al Qaeda has been successful, but that there are still "bits to
do." www defendamenca mil
 From the Secretary

In the event that force becomes necessarv to disarm Irao. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld
told the Senate Committee on Armed ~ e h c e ~hursdaythe
s united States would stay In Iraq "as
long as necessary" to put the country on a path to prosperity, but "not one day longer."

The goal, the Secretary said, is to liberate Iraq, not occupy it; to safeguard its oil for the benefit of
the Iraqi people, not control it; and to preserve Iraq's territorial integrity.

The first task of the US. military. he said. would be to "find and destrov weaoons of mass
destruction, then find and deal with terrorist networks operating inside~ra~."'As in Afghanistan, he
said, humanitarian and reconstruction efforts would be a high priority.

Rather than a U.N.- or U.S.-imposed solution, Secretary Rumsfeld said US. and international
officials would work with the Iraqis to find a solution appropriate for Iraq.

"We have no interest in other people's land or territory," Secretary Rumsfeld said. We have no
interest in other people's oil...Our goal would be to get [Iraq] on a path so that increasingly, more
and more was handled and managed by the Iraqi people themselves, and less and less by the
international community."

News
~ebruary5,2003

Services Committee February 12 defendamencamll

J.S T ~ DFwanna
S for Chem-010Auaus
>a
. -
-men With Tne
Camp Dona Kuwan- Anr the passib! tv of war loom ng,
sola ere of me 3ra nfanq DÃ s on iMeci I, are honmq Bieu
nucear voogi;al and cnem w warfare irair ng.
RZksri
reo
arcs 13
ceIetu!ame~w w w 'n S Z ~ O ' S
aaoa'c 're USS
American Bnnsh Defense Cnie's Meet al Pentagon Phu pp no Sea
hashmgton DC .. - r a m pt of n e w bnefirgat at k3.a 9amn
Br~efii~~Se"eiaryR.msfe.aAna..<~Secretar^_h~ haa\t:on i
E-akooi ^orraa
 From the Secretary
War is always the last choice. It is - [and] It has to be. And what one has to do is tosay, think about the amount of time that has
been oiven to Iran It's been 17 vears This is the 17th U N Securib Council resolutionthat has been passed. The country has
systematically refused and violated each of the first 16 [resolutions]'. And with respect to the current &solution, which was
described as the final chance after years ofdiplomacy, after years of economic sanctions, after years of limted milteryactivity in
the northern and southern no-fly zones, the U.N. resolutionsaid this is Iraq'sfinal opportunity,And the test was whether or not
they would cooperate. [Iraq] then proceededto file afraudulent declaration. They were required by the resolutionto be honest
about what they had. They did not. They then systematicallytned todeny and deceive the inspectors... and prevent them from
being successful in their efforts. That isstill a further breach, as Secretary Colin Powell said
Ithinkeach person simply has to ask themselvesthe question: How much evidence, how much information, how much time - 12
vears - how manv oo~ortunities?Should there be afinal, final oowrtunitv? Or a final-final-finalopportunitv? The danger in that is
real. an0 ! s tnatth& have active boog w , cnemcal and nucl&r prcg;arns They nave weapons Inat are boogical and
cnemml Tne! nave reiat orsn ps, as Seyetary Powell said, w i t terror st newoms An0 we JJSI s~ffereo3 000 dead September
11in f . the ..nted States here lo exoenence a Seitember 1111 w W s oiowcal auack aro not a corventonal anact. we m l d
see not just 3,000 people [bst] s test...Are we willing to put that at risk?
but 30,000 or 300,000 people, ~ n i t h a r the
- Exceroladfrom SecretaryRuuisfelifsInkrviewwithWCCO-TV, Mfnuea@is/St. Pauf;Feh6,2003,Tramcvptat!w&!%&d

News
~ e b r u s 2003
,
U.S. Troop Build-up Continues
WASHINGTON, DC- The U.S. military build-up in the
US. Central Command area of operations continues, with
more than 100,000 troops now serving in the region, which
includes parts of the Middle East. U S. Central Command
Build-up Continues

Do0 Offce Responds to Co urnbia Disaster

Washrflgfm DC - Win n secoids of \ASAS
announcement Inat t nao ost contact wit? Saace Shutfe
C o u m i d on Feb 1 the Depanmeit of Defense's manned
soace 'Iqnt suspon offce 1 1 uateo i s wtasTOpnc mident

"The hopes of mankind

depend on your success ..."
-SecretaryRumsfeld's Town Hall Meeting wth
 From the Podium
N o Deal f o r Saddam
"There is no question butthat some governmentsarediscussing,..some sortof ...a deal. And the inevitableeffect of it...ist0 giW hope
and comfort to the Saddam Hussein regime, and give them ammuniton that they can then try to use to retain the byaltyoftheir
forces ...with hope that one more time maybe he'll survive, one more time maybe he'll be there for another decade or so; for another17
or 18 U,N resolutions , .[There's not a chance thatthere'sgoing to be a deal It doesn'tmaiter who proposes it, there Will not beone.'
-SecrefaryofDefenssDon& Rumsfeld
Pentagon Press Bnefing
AaH 3. 2N3

...
"If [deal-making is] done by other governments, the one thing you know for sure, it will potentially prolong the conflict and has the
potential for both Iraqi civilian casualties and coalition casualties to increase.'
.Gan RichadB Were,Chairman, Joint Chi& ofstaff
Pentagon Press Briedng
AD"l3.2W3

Iraqis Welcome, Assist Coalition Forces

U S and Coalition forces continue to demonstrate
their humanity and resoect for iraa's oeoDieand
c- u r e - a slant conrast win i r e omfa r\ of the
raqi wgme Tm stores nsnlgnt me growing
ccooeraoon between me Coa Ii n an0 ,faq people
See: DefendAmer1ca.mil.
The Iraqi family that provided vita infomation in the
m o u e of POW ~ r m ~ c ~vnch.rest at Camo
v f ~essica

International Support for a Liberated Iraq

JapanesePnmeMinister JunichiroKolzumi said trieqovemment~lluseofficial
 Operation Iraqi Freedom: F o r c e a n d Progress
Since the beginning, ground forces have advanced 200 miles into Iraq and are within 50 miles of Baghdad - operating
-
freelV In the north, south and west - dearadina" Saddam's command A control caoabiiities. and decimatina units of
the Republican Guard
Operations continue around the clock ground forces continue to engage Iraqi forces throughout the country, and
coalition aircraft are flying more than 1,000 sorties perday. (See
a There are approximately 300,000 Coalition troops in Gulf Region more than one-third inside Iraq
a Roughly 2,000 additionaltroops advance into Iraq every day

.
a There are 12 humanitanan distributioncenters open in southern Iraq
In addition, the Coalition
Holds 4,500 Iraqi prisoners.
Controls and operates from a numberof Iraqi airfields
Has near total air dominance
Controls Iraq'sonly port
Has secured 600 oil wells for the Iraqi people
Maintains and defends a robust, uninterruptedlogistics & supply line stretching250 miles through Iraq to
units on the front lines

The Military Plan: 'Bold, Audacious and Prudent'

"The coalition m u d nave p~sheds o w forward dearng every v I age along i r e mad, or they m i d nave moved rapidly
forward, siopp ng on y if meq encountered siqn ficanioqanized mi tary force, wh cn they a d not Wisely, tne Th rd nfantv
pushed up the middle
'Meanwhile coalition aimower is ooundina deoloved Re~ublicanGuard divisions all over the countw the 173rdAirborne
establishes a toehold fora northem front,ke 101st ~irbornemoves forward on the left flank and attacks the nght flank of the
Medina and Soecial Forces and Ranaers ooerate freeiv thmuohout western I m . seizina control of a third western airbase
that r a y taler be ,sea for forward op&tons As operitons &rt nue ead elements of me 4in (nfantryDivson reacn
K ~ wI awns ton qht and meir ea- pmert will bean to move mio ,fa^ laie next weed The 1st nfanirv D vision ana ihe 1st
Cava ry Diiis oniare alerted for dep oymeni $me paiise. Serne stalemaie. Gen Fran~s'p.an s b0.d audac.ous and
prude11 Trere is some lwqh - fqniinq
- - anead. as we1 as more si.onses b ~Int s is hardy a paJse and in s w I nci be a
stalemate."
- USAF Maj. GeneralDon ShepperdfRet.)CNN corn - 3/31/03
'Put yourself in the shoes ofthe Iraqi regime. What are theyseeing? They've seen one of the most powerfulcoalition forces
within 49 miles of Baghdad, their capital. They've seen their port taken. They've seen their oil wells in the south secured.
They have seen a bombing campaign,,.degrading their command and control. They have seen an attack on their leadership,
and we have not seen their leadership since. Where is Saddam Hussein? Where is Qusay, where is Uday - his sans?
They're not talking... i think the Iraqi people have to have a sense that things are not going terribly well."
-Secretary Rumsfeld, Fox News Sunday with Tonv Snow - 3130103
 From the Podium

the reconstructiontill we leave

-
' m e had adscission wtn abon 30 oflhe people from [Bagndad] from a cross-secian of tre cty mere wereaoaors and lawyers
an0 some educators Ano Anat we toia mem mis Tiormng s we m m m to reopen me m n.slres nexi m k An0 so *e nave a
coofd nalor for e.ery m nslry fine r q s are going to run t i e minisines BJI we 'od tneT lthey C O J Igelire
~ peope together if -
theres no longer a m n sn\ el fino a lac Im y shl, navo a mn stry and meres no f ~ m l ~ fwe1
e . go c q tne f ~ r n ' ~ r *ell
e gel
the cornpulers t s ver\ ~ponanllnat'neoeope s i a l bach la worn especal y me peope Ipub(c sen ce And Ne 10c tnen inalas
soon as they can dennfy lnose peep e to "s we beg ? pa, i g salaries
'...[Wle're trying to internationalize the teams that will work with these ministries and.,.nobody is going to run those ministries Otherthan
the Iraqis themselves I think we need to be absolutelydear aboutthat"
- Gen. Jay Garner(Ret,), Director, DoD (Mlce of Reconsfrucffon
&Humanitarian Assistance
Press Conference, Baghdad, April 24,2003

Reconstruction Update Resources

Approximately 175 000 barrelsofoil per day are being pumpedto Ihe
refinery at Basra and into nearby power plants
> In northern Iraq 60 000 barrels of oil per day will be pumped to the
Baip refinery by next week
b The Coalibon is also operahng a gas well, which is critical tor the
operationof turbines providingelectricity to Baghdad
A new report by the Center for Strategic and
International Studies takes a first look at lessons
learned from Operation Iraqi Freedom. CSIS Arleigh A.
Burke Chair Anthonv Cordesrnan writes: "The Outcome
of me Iraq War demonstrateo me va Je of ..
..
uansformanons ,. F i n e soeeo and sea e of the Coal i o n
1 ,
victory speaks for itself." w . c s i s org

A A young girl waves t o U S , Marines with t h e 15th

Marine Expeditionary Unit in A n Nasinyah, Iraq,
 From the Podium
The Interim Iraai Authority
"The makeuoand resoonsibiHiesofan Iraai interim authority will be no to the Iraai oaooie. but we envisbn that it could take On at least
two main tasks First it could allow lraois to havean immediatemlein theadministrationof their country. includina resmnsibiiitvfor
iLnn "3 a n.nDei c'f fte m n stnes ~ e & d tc3iilo lake iesponsbltv tor ayrg tne fo~ndanonsof a re# Iraq ga,erImen' nc ua ng
lorma'on ol d diah coisil-ton me reform of Tie i q a system eccromic reforr eectora p ann ng arc' Lhe 0.' nes of a D (of rghre 10
assure a just system that guaranteesthat all Iraqis - [a] diverse population - [have] a voice in the governance of their country.
'The specific institutions of a new Iraqi governmentwill be decided by Iraqis. Afree society should really not be imposed from the
outside. We can help by bringing iraqis together, and by helping to create conditions of stability and security that are necessary for a
free society to take mot But building a free Iraq is the right - and indeedthe responsibility - ofthe Iraqi people.
-Secretary Rumsfeld, 4/16/03, Pentawn News Bnefinq

War Against Terrorism Update

9
1 think we're finding...a large portion of [remaining fighters in Iraq are] actually foreigners. They're some of the so-called
jihadists that have infiltrated into Iraq to help. And in many, many cases ...a lot of them are not Iraqis, but they've come
there ...for jihad and are fighting for that," - Chairman Myers, 4/15/03, on CNN

Afghanistan
Amenwn m iitary forces are current y speno ng 75 percent of the r elfonon remns'Tuciton of sec~riryservices and
s ~ p p o ing c.vi reconsir-cton in Afqnan stan Tnis wee<, tne United States announceo $2 5 m on for I r e construction of 14
women s centers, an additional $1 mi lion for tra n n g women on b~sinessand AGO rnaragement pol Iiw paniupatmn, and
g ns ed-talon, $1 m ion 10-me Afgnan Conservalion Corps, giving employment opport-in l e s to re1.m ng refugees and
deroD lzea fghters and $1 m ilon lo- lne A f y a n human R g T s Comm sson - Whte Horse ReoLJd r o A'anan van
 Coalition Members & Free Iraqis Meet to Discuss Iraqi Self-Governance
i t a meetina> todav. in An Nasirivah. Coalition members hosted a orouo of free lraais for an w e n discussionof Iraq's future.
'ne poorly 1s a rapc :ram iionio raq se~v-governaw Tne ;oat on s c m m nec T an r i q gownnieni 'rat pieserves
raa's terrtona. ntcann" , -1 .zcs resxrccs for is o ~ ceocie,
n anc ioses no mrea'to ITS ne m i o ' s . - a go'.emment :hat
iolds elections, respects the rule of law, and has a policy of decency toward its own people

.
US S Coalition members are in An Nasirivah to facilitate open discussion by Iraais on the future of Iraq.
Participantsof the An Nasiriyah meeting discussed their views and hopes for the future of Iraq, and explainedtheir
ideas to the Iraqi people and the world.
. Many distinguishedIraqi men and women from inside and outside the country attended. They represent a wide
range of iraqi groups.
. United States and Coalition members were there to listen and facilitate the opening of dialogue.
. The new government,and the process to choose it, will be representative,transparent and inclusive.

The orioritv is a rapid transition to Iraaiselfqovemance.

. We want Iraq to regain an honored place in the family of nations.

. Our goal is to help Iraq become a free country, with a new government that is representativeof all Iraqis.

. We have begun a transitionalphase in which responsibilityis graduallytransferred to Iraqi institutions,leading to the

permanentestablishmentof a new Iraqi government.

. As Saddam's regime crumbles, more Iraqis will feel free to step forward and contributeto the future of Iraq.

. The administration of Iraq wili involve Iraqis as soon as possible.

. The meeting of the iraqi Interim Authority is only the beginning of the transition; there wili be more such meetings.
They will be necessary to:
b Form an Iraqi consultative council to advise the U.S./Coalition authorities.
Create ajudicial council to advise the authoritieson the necessary revisions to Iraq's legal structure and Statutes
to institute rule of law and to protect individual rights.
Create a constitutionalcommission to draft a new constitution and submit it to the Iraqi people for ratifi~ation.

The Coalitionis committedto an Iraai qovernment that preserves its territorialintearit&

utilizes resources for its own ~eople,and poses no threat to its neighbors.
. This is an opportunity to create a free Iraq, one that preserves its temtonal boundaries and honors its rich and
diverse heritage.
. Iraqis will determine their own future, and Iraq's natural resourceswill belong to the Iraqi people.
.
- --

The new Iraq will be part of the world community, and live in peace with its neighbors,
The new government will honor the rule of law.
. We want Iraqis to freely choose a government that treats all Iraqis equally and fairly, regardless of ethnic or religious
heritage.

13-Point StatementReleasedbv Particioantsat Meeting's Conclusion

I.Iraq must be democratic.

2. The future governmentof Iraq should not be based on communal Identity.
3. Afuture government should be organteed as a democraticfederal system, but on the basis of countrywide
consultation.
4. The rule of law must be paramount.
5. That Iraq must be built on respect for diversity, including respect for the role of women.
6. The meeting discussed the role of religion in state and society.
7. The meeting discussed the principlethat Iraqis must choose their leaders, not have them Imposed from outside.
8. That political violence must be rejected, and that Iraqis must immediately organize themselves for the task of
reconstructionat both the local and national levels,
9. That Iraqis and the Coalition must work together to tackle the immediate issues of restoring security and basic
services.
10. That the Ba'ath party must be dissolved and itseffects on society must be eliminated.
11. That there should be an open dialogue with all national political groups to bring them Into the process.
12, That the meeting condemns the looting that has taken place and the destructionof documents.
13 Tne 'aoi panc pat on n the Hasmyah meeting çoledtnathere shoub oe anomer meet ng n 10 aays n a
ocaiion 10 oe deierm nea w In addn oral .aai parhctpan:~ and to disc~ssprocedures for oeke opng an Iraqi
InterimAuthority.

For more informationon the An Nasiriyah meeting, please see www.centcom.mii,

 The President's Message to the People of Iraq
On April 10. President GeorqeW. Bush recorded a rnessaae that will be broadcast (with translation) on Iraqi television. Text follows:

Th s s GeoQe W Bush lhe Pres.den1 o' tne Jn lea Stales. Alms rromem l i e reglme of Saooam dJSse n s oe ng removed from
power an0 a long eraof 'ear an0 Cf~eitysendrg Arencan anc Coa 13n forces arc now operaiirg nsde Bagndad an0 we wll not -
stop until saddam's corrupt gang is gone. The governmentof Iraq, and the future of your country, will soon belong to you.
I
The goa s of our Coaliton arec ear an0 imica We N Iend a or~lalreg me. **iose aggression and weapons of mass destruction make
1a unique threat tome van1 Coa flion forces wil nep ma ntan law and order, so that raqis can lve n sec-nry We wi l respect your
great re goiis lradlons nnose pinci?es of e v a ty and cowpassion are essential 10 lrac s ' ~ u r e We n nelp you b~ 0 a peaceful
and representativegovernment that protects the riahtsof all citizens. And then our military forces will leave. Iraq will go forward as a 1
unified, independent and sovereign nation that hairegained a respected place In the world.
I
The i^n led States and its Coa ition partners respect the people of Iraq We ere tamg mreceoenteo measuresto spare me lves of
innocenl raq cfl yens, and are oeg nn ng 10 oe '.ef food water and wd one Is lnose n need 0-1 only enemy s Saoiam s brutal
regime-and that regime is your enemy as well.
I
In the new era that is coming to Iraq, your country will no longer be held captive to the will of a cruel dictator. You will be free to build a
better life. insteadof buildino more oalaces for Saddam and his sons. free to Dursue economic Drosoeritvwithout the hardshi~of
ecoromc sanctons free~oiravel;no speaK y o ~ rn r nd. free 1ojo.n in t i e p o k a afla rsof raq A& a me p o p e w o mane UP your
-
wurlry- Kirds Sn a T-rnmans Senn s ano ofners wll oefree ohne!embe persewton lnai so many h e e n w e d 1
The nightmare that Saddam Hussein has brought to your nation willsoon beover. You are agood and gifted people- the heirs Ofa
great civilization thatmntributes to all humanity. You deserve betterthan tyranny and corruption and torturechambers.You deserve to
live as free people. And I assureeverycitizen of Iraq: your nation wiilsoon be free. Thank you.
1 t to m t t h e m p a t h eo
International Su
a~ne,,government
ort for a Liberated Ira
time l r f n e n d s areatwar our friends are
*ant it _nccrstooo , t i aosol~tac 8'1) tnat Canada Stands witn Is filenos even 1 we

11
pi-ningtneir !vet on the 8 fiafoftneir be, "1s
cannot engage ~ t trim n nth s confl cr We t i o m thotossos of tno r sops a r c aai,giters n war we pray w i n tnem for a **IH ena to the
.. e
mnf .....
and. ,, .., for
we* . a.*
...
A . ...,. 0..
.mlm ~ 1..r.o.
w..~. m ma1
n m to on0 ? m v r m? n st cs sothat a freer more o r o s o e r o ~an0
~ w3resecure
w r i d can tise.. remains.

Ayatollah Ali Monammad Sistani c . tho bnaiputod A'atam al-"lama (themost lnarnndoftna 1eameo)of ttr mJ lans who m nistertothe
religious needs of Sh ites 60% of liaqs p o p at:on.Th s week hewi~lresumelectures, banned by thesaddam regimefor seven years, at
theolaett Shta sem nan; .Illhe avatollan sa a he had aaviseo 'xlfcversnot to n nd~rtneforcesof l beration, and nelp bma this Mar

1 against the tyrant to a s~cces%l end forthe Iraqi people....Our peopleneed freedom more than air [to breath]. Iraq hassuffered, and it
deserves better government! - Amir Taheri. Wall Sires! Journal, 4-7-03
 From the Secretary
Many countries have respondedto inquiries from the U S with regard to lraq, and thereare a numberof countries involved in the

.
planning process. The U S. is receiving responsesfrom NATO allies every day, many of which tend to fall into the following CategOrieS:
Acountry would like to be helpful and start planning immediately in tie event that force is used against lraq -with or without a
UN resolution.
A coLniry pieoges to De ne pki an0 Deqin p ann ng mmedately. but only if there is a JN resolJan nd caing it is appropnate

. tor memDer (NATO) slates ta "se appropr ale force

Some counmes may not be in a ws non to cooperateon raq but are w ing to prov de assistance n oiner ways such as
offer ng farce protecncn !I a nost co~ntryor ass smg me L S activities n otner pans of me wond aicwng JS to free up
capab lies n meeventofm lary ac'on
In the event force is used, some countries would like to cooperate with a coalition b provide humanitarianand re~StNctiOtI
assistance afterwards, as so many countries are doing in Afghanistan.
There will also be countries that do not offer help,
Many countries are currently nvo ved win panning and recognzetnatlherewould not have been a L h reso uton absent tne POtentIal
Jse of bice Tne bui o-JPma' has taken pace and tne cooperat ve arrangementsthat are being fasn oned indicate to y e IraqisInat
the UN and coalitioncountries are serious.

News Today in History

~ o v e m b e r 1 8 2002
-
Sec R~msfed in Cm e at NATO S-immit
Secretary R ~ m s e l ame1t? s ween w in Cr ean President
Mici-el e Bacheiet to c sc-ss mJua sec-inty nteresk, tne
3 ooa war aga nst terrorism an0 Chi e s ~pcommg
m e m b e r p n me ..N Sec-r t\ Co-nc. En ro-te to the
hATO SJmm nnis wee6 Sec'eta? R~msfed
characterizedmember nations' responses to requestsfor
support in disarming Saddam Hussein. See:
Ministerialof the Americas & Secretary Rumsfeld En
Route to Prague, Czech Republic.
On November 22,1988, in the presence of members of
Congress and the media, the Northmp 0-2 "steaith'
bomber was shown publicly for the first time at Air Force
Plant 42 in Palmdate, California. The aircraft, which was
developed in great secrecy for nearly a decade, was
designed with stealth characteristicsthat would allow it to
penetrate an enemy's most sophisticateddefenses
unnoticed. The 5 2 has won a prominentplace in the
modern US. Air Force fleet, serving well in missions to
thisday.

Pentawn Previews 04 B-idaet Addresses F-22 Costs
Pen'aqon offc a's this weeit d sc-issea me g~ d ng
pnncioes shap'nq DoD's 2004 b-ioqet r q ~ e stot lne
President, and responded to reports of new cost estimates
forthe F-22. "We are very much concerned with these
numbers," said Assistant Secretary of Defense Pete
Aldndge of the F-22 cost estimate. "We're going to get to
Ihe bottom of it." See; DoD News Briefinq- Aldridae &
Briefinq on the Buriqet Rnilout Plan
m a Continues Attacks on Coalition Aircraft
Iraq fired anti-aircraft artillery at coalition planes for the
second time in a week. Since Nov. 8 Iraq has fired on
coalition aircraft at least nine times in the southern zone
and twice in the north. See, Iran At It Again
For defense news, visit wwwllerfni.lAnieiicci.mil
 ~ --

From the Secretary

The President this week directed SecretaryRumsfeld to omceed with fieidina an initialset of missile defense capabilties for
operefion in 2004 and 2005 These capamlies WOJ c n: uae gr^~od-basedinterceptorssea-oaseointerceptors aadnonal
Patnol (PAC-3, units a m sensors base@on l a m a r e a a i l m scare

Tne m ss le oefense program ,s an euol~tonaryprogram It wll euoive over a period of time Any capab ly wil improe as

1 the program progresses Nren me proqram is fnis'ied. it may look QJte oifferent man anen at oeqan t wi nave ayers and
involvea varietyof different locations a i d a number of different countries.

11 t h e Predator, forexample, was still in the developmentand testing stage when it was used in Afghanistan, butwe used it
and it was successful. After some of the nieces are in dace. the missile defense svstem would be able to omvide some
limited capability to deal with a limited number of ballistic missiles.

The inflia capab lily . t o gm.no based interceplors in 2004 - would g ue us a iimied capabi ly to deal wnn a small number
of ncominq bai st c missiles ,IS a s u n Tne ca~a&litiesw.ll evolve over Ime n terms of me sensors, nterceptorsan0 tneir
locations. Some may be afloat, and some may be on land. It will take some time to evolve, but Americans will be safer once
these capabilities are in place,

News Department of Defense 2002 Year in Review

~ e c e m b Z 1 6 2002
- Tne Department of Defense
HumanitarianWork Pmaressinain Afqhanistan th s wee< released me "2002
When coalition forces ousted the Taiiban from Afghanistan Year in Review,"a summary of
last year, up to 8 million Afghans were in dangerofstarving the Department's accornplish-
or freezing to death. "Thank goodness, very little of that ments in the global war against
happened," said Joseph Collins, deputy assistant secretary terrorism, transformingthe U S
of defense for stability operationsduring a Pentagon news military, and recruiting and
briefing this week. See: Humanitarian Work in Afghanistan retainingthe best and brightest
to serve. The DoO's '2002 Year
Do0 -eaders Answer Questions in Penmaon Town na in Review" is available on-line
The Defense Deparments ~ncersecretarcsho d a l o ~ hall n "+.
meetina at the Pentaoon December 18 that aave OoD
civilianand military employeesa chance to directly question
too defense officials on oereonnel. readiness, technoloav.
fiscal and policy issues. See: Four Defense Leaders
Answer Questions in Pentaaon Forum
US. Troops Injured in Kabul Grenade Attack
Two Americans and their Afghan translator were hurt in a
December 17 attack. See. Grenade Ambush in Afahanistan
 From the Secretary
The President this week directed Secretary Rumsfeldto proceed with fieidiw an initial set of missile defense capabilities for
operation in 2004 and 2005. These capabilities w i d include ground-basedinterceptors,sea-basedinterceptors, additional
Patriot (PAG3J mils, and sensors based on land, at sea, and In space.

The missile defense oroaram is an evolutionaryorooram. It will evolve over a period of time. Any capabilitywill improve as
the program progresses.~hen the program isfinished, it may lookquite different h a n when it began. it wiil have layers and
involve a variety of different locations and a number of different countries,

The Predamr for exampe was sti in me development and tesinq stage when it was used n Afghanistan but we used it
and it Mas successful After some of tne pieces are ,n place l i e mssle defense system would be ao e to provcie some
limited capability to deal with a limited number of ballistic missiles.

The in t al capao Ity - 10 g m ~ n dbased nierceptors n 2004 wou d give us a imted capab ~y to dea w tn a srna I number
of incom ng bai siic m ss es .is a sian Tne capabilitieswll evo ve over I~ i ne terms of i r e sensors n'ercepto's and tneir
locations. some mav be afloat. and some mav beon land. It will take some time to evolve, but Americans wiil be saferonce
these capabilities a& in place,'

News Departmentof Defense 2002 Year in Review

~ecember20,2002 The Department of Defense
HumanitarianWork Progressingin Afghanistan this week released the "2002
When coalition forces ousted the Taliban from Afghanistan Year in Review,' a summary of
last year, up to 8 million Afghans were in danger of starving the Department'saccomplish-
or freezing to death "Thank goodness, very littleof that ments in the global war against
happened,"said Joseph Collins, deputy assistant secretary terrorism, transformmg the U.S.
of defense for stability operationsduring a Pentagon news military, and recruitingand
briefing this week See: Humanitarian Work in Afqhanistan retainingthe best and brightest
to serve. The DoD's "2002 Year
DoD Leaders Answer Questions In Pentaaon Town Hall in Review" is available on-line
The Defense Department'sundersecretariesheld a town hall m,.

meetina at the Pentaaon December 18 that nave DoD

civilianand military employees a chance to directly question
top defense officials on personnel, readiness, technology,
fsca an6 30 cy ssLes. See Four De'ense Leaders
Answer Q~estonsn Peniaaon c o r m
U S . Troops Iniured in Kabul Grenade Attack
Two Americans and their Afghan translator were hurt in a
December 17 attack. See. Grenade Ambush in Afghanistan
. From the Secretary
As the United Nationsweapons inspectors begin their work in Iraq, it is important to remember what brought us to this point.
For more than a decade Iraq has been pursuingweapons of mass destruction, in defiance of some 16 resolutionsof the
Security Council. Only when President Bush took the case to the American people and then to the United Nat'kms, and made
clear that a strong coalition was preparedto take military action if Iraq refusedto disarm its weapons of mass destruction

.program, did the Iraqi regime allow inspectorsto return.

With the passage ofthe recent U,N, resolutionand the strong statement by our NATO allies In Prague, Saddam Hussein now
faces a choice: to disarm or face the possibility of being disarmed. The United Nations also faces a choice. If Iraq delivers a
false declaration, will the United Nations continue the patern of allowing Iraq to ignore U.N. resolutions,or will the member

.countries hold Iraq to its obligations?

A regime with weapons of mass destruction and such contempt for human lib, even the lives of its own people, ought to be
considered what it is: namely, a particular kind of danger.

News Today in History

December6,2002
DoD Looks Forwardto Workinq with New Homeland
Security Department
The Defense Departmentlooks forward to helping the new
Depanmentof nome.ano Sec~ntyin any way l can, said
Peter Verga, 2ireclor of DoD s nomeland Defense Task
Fwce. Jerga added trat DoD WOJIO cooperate wth the
new agency even as it establishes the new positionof
assistant secretary of defense for homeland defense.
More at;
htt~//www.defenselink.mii/news/Dec2002~n12052002 200
212055.htmil
Sodtn Korea, 3 D SCJSS Nonh's Nukes
The threat cf Norm Korean nmear weapons and miss Ie
techrologv was tne main topic of me 34" Korea-JS
~ecuritvconsultative Meetina. held in Washinaton. DC. on
December 4 and 5. secretary ~ o n a l d~ u m s f i and
d
South Korean Minister of National Defense Lee Jun
discussed the threat North Korea continues to pose in its
~ursuitof nuclear weapons, Sec. Rumsfeld said N. Korea
is "the most active proiiferator of ballistic missile
technology in the world. Mare at:
httD'//www.defenseiink.milfneçs/Dec2002~n1205200 200
212053 html
December 6,2002
December 6,1861
Union General George G. Meade leads a foraging
expedition to Gunnell's farm near Dranesville, Virginia
December 6,1941
On this day, President Roosevelt - convinced on the basis
of intelliaencereoorts that the Jaoanese fleet is headed for
Tnaiarc. no* +re -n led States -re egrams me Japanese
e m w o r w th 're reaJest mat 'for rne sake of nunan 1y ' tne
emsecorinlervene *to prevent f~rtherdeatn and destruction
in t i e worio ' Meanwn e, 677 n es nortnwestof m a w ,
Admiral Yamamoto, commaraer cf the "apanese fleet
announces lo n s men Tne nse or fa Ic l in s emp re
depends on this battle." Thailand was a bluff. Peari Harbor
in Oahu, Hawaiiwas confirmed as the Japanese target.
December 14.2002
The Brookings Institution: Briefingon Iraq Weapons Inspection
For more information call: (202) 797-6105
 Office of
Pentagon Briefing Public Affairs
703-695-2113
October 9,2002

Iraq's Weapons Programs:

Lies, Denial and Deception
9 Saddam has demonstrated his determination to conceal his weaoons of mass
destruction and their development.

a For more than a decade, Saddam Hussein's regime has made denial and
deception an integral part of military, diplomatic and overall government
operations in Iraq. Among the tactics Saddam employs to deceive the world
about his weapons of mass destruction are:

Satellite countermeasures

. Camouflage
Undergroundand covert facilities
Disinformation
 Cover stories

. Staged media activities

False installations

9 Saddam's regime has a history o f denial and deception.

Since 1991, Saddam has used the following tactics to hide his development of
weapons of mass destruction and to lie about their existence:
. Iraq conceals weapons facilities in residential areas, such as the
biological weapons plant in Abu Ghurayb that is within 2 blocks of Iraqi
private homes.
. Iraqi officials sanitize sites by moving or hiding materials - in some
cases, literally moving arms and components out the back door while
inspectors come through the front.

Saddam's regime has made fraudulent declarations to the United

Nations. In a 1992 letter to the U.N. Secretary General, Iraq's foreign
mm ster wrote "Iraq has not produced any bacteriologicalor oiological
weapons Tne equipment which c o ~ l dbe said to be capab e of pioaucing

-
such weapons have been destroyed."

Irao will sacrifice certain documents and weapons material in order to

divert attention from and protect the true nature of its WMD programs At
a cmcken farm in 1995, Iraa t ~ r n e dover 150 boxes of doc~menls,many
of which referenced other, more damaging documents that were withheld.

-
 Sadoam's officials invent cover stories for weapons facilities, such as the
"Baov Mi k Plant' that sorouted '~erimeterfencina and roof camo~flaaeat
the onset of the ~ u lwar.
f

Saodam's palaces and their grounds which house ounkers &weapons

equ pment, are declared "sensitive sites" and off- mils to inspections

Saddam will destroy buildings to simulate combat damage and spread

disinformation about civilian casualties. In February 1991, Iraqi forces
destroyed the Al Basrah Mosque, claiming it had been damaged by
coalition aircraft. The nearest bomb crater -visible in satellite imagery -
was several hundred feet away.

Saddam will stage media tours that restrict press to facilities that have
been cleared of weapons material and production activity.

9 Saddam Hussein and his regime cannot be trusted.

. Saddam's government is committed to misleading and deceiving the

international community, the United Nations and the media about his
weapons of mass destruction.

. Iraq s repeated denials that it has weaoons of mass destmcr on, and the
regime's panem of lies to the world have become .nstl~tionsof Saodam's

. Among the many government offices Saddam uses to hide his WMD
program are (in addition to the Iraqi Office of the President):

. The Higher Security Committee

Special Security Organization (SSO), run by Saddam's son, Qusay
Military Industrial Commission
Iraqi Intelligence Service (US)

. Special Republican Guard

Directoratefor Military Intelligence
 Operation Endurinq Freedom:
One Year of Accomplishments
9 October 7 marks the one-vear anniversary of the beainnina of combat
operations i n Afghanistan. Many of the coalition's objectives i n Afghanistan
have been accomplished.

. With the coalition's help, Afghanistan is moving forward to rebuild their country
and restore civil government.

 --
One month after military operations began, the first major city Mazar-e-Sharif
-was liberated. A month later, the last major city - Kandahar - was liberated
from the Taliban.

à The al Qaeda went on the run days after Oct. 7 - losing their power, their Safe
havens and much of their leadership. Today, they are fragmented and their
leaders are missing, captured, killed or on the run.

Humanitar an a o to Afghanistan started on day one of the war, with 37.000

numanitar an dai,y rat ons airdropped while the attacks were underway

. The international community has pledged $4.5 billion over five years to
reconstruct Afghanistan; $2 billion was committed for use in 2002. Of that $2
billion, $1.3 billion has been utilized or will be available this year.

More than 575,000 metric tons of food have been delivered since the start of the
war; 1.7 million refugees have returned to their homes. Schools, hospitals and
roads have been rebuilt

. -
An elected head of government Hamid Karzai - today works with regional
leaders in a transitional government as civil authorities continue to establish
control.

9 The coalition continues t o pursue terrorists, whether bv financial, di~lomatic,

legal or military means.

a More than 160 countr es have issued orders freezing terrorst assets, and OtnerS
nave requested U S help in improving the r legal and regulatory systems so
thev can more effectivelv block terrorist f ~ n d sSince Se~temoer11 tne U S
has blocked more than $34 million in assets of terrorist organizations; other
nations have also blocked more than $77 million.

Terrorists and terrorist cells continue to be disru~tedor destroyed on a daily

basis. With tne glooal efforts of law enforcement and intell genke agencies in
cooperation with some 90 countries resultno in tne arrest of some 2.400
individuals, and approximately650 enemy combatants under U.S. control

3
 The North American Air Defense Command (NORAD) has conducted more than
25.000 Operation Noble Eagle sorties, including. 17.600 combat air patrols. At
the same lime U.S flqhters nave been scrambled or averted to respond to over
750 domestic airspa& security incidents.

On Sept. 12, 2001, the North American Treaty Organizationinvoked article V for
the first time. Coming to the aid of the U S , NATO planes flew more than 350
sorties and logged more that 4,300 flight hours as part of operation Noble Eagle.

GLOBAL WAR ON TERROR:

FACTS & FIGURES
Reconstruction & Humanitarian Aid
9 The United States has provided some $588 million in assistance since October
2001. Another $1.45 billion has been authorized for this ouroose over the next four
years.
9 The U.S. has provided 7,000 metric tons of seed and 15,000 metric tons of fertilizer,
benefiting more than 140,000 Afghan farmers.
9 On September 12,2002, Japan and Saudi Arabia joined the U S in announcing
support for the rebuilding of the Kabul-Kandahar-Herat highway. The U.S. pledged
$80 million and our partners $50 million each.
> Ten water projects were completed during the first six months of 2002. These
included 83 wells, benefiting approximately260,000 Afghans, at a cost of $193,000.
Focus for this effort was Kandahar and Mazar-e-Sharif. An additional 16 new water
projects have been approved in the provinces of Paktika, Khowst, Kandahar, and
Kabul, with an estimated total cost of $246,000.
> De-mining teams from Norway, Britain, Poland and Jordan have helped clear land
mines from more than 1.8 million square meters of terrain.

9 Infrastructure projects: 154 approved projects in 10 provinces:

Completed U w
Agriculture 2 2
Roads and Bridge 1 7
HospitaiIMedicai 5 14
Schools 61 44
Water and Wells 10 16
Other projects 4 9

9 Airlift

. 68 total tons of supplies delivered

 . 175 humanitarian rations missions were flown from October to December 2001,
dropping 2.4 million Humanitarian Daily Rations (HDRs) worth more than $10
million

a 575,000 metr.c tons of food (wheat and flour) were dropped as well as plexi-
g ass and plywood with which to provide sturdier forms of shelter

> Schools
a U S Army Civil Affairs has completed 61 school repair projects -- w.th plans for
44 more -- 10 support more than 70.000 school children

- The U.S. has provided 10 million textbooks and 4,000 teacher-training kits.
Canada, Greece, Beigium and Iceland delivered 60 metric tons of goods
donated by Egypt to Afghanistan.
> Medical
Jordan built a hospital in Mazar-&harifthat has treated more than 105,000
patients.

0 Spain's hospital has treated nearly 12,000 Afghans and provided 26 tons of
pharmaceutical supplies.

Beigium led the largest multinational humanitarian assistance mission that

delivered 90 metric tons of UNIMIX to stamina children in Afahanistan. It also
provided 2,500 blankets,

s The U.S. has jointly funded the measles vaccinations of more than four million
children.

Combat Statistics
> Coalition, Air Power Facts & Figures

Coalition countries supporting the global war on terrorism 90

Coalition countries wlforces in Afghanistan 27
Nations with representativesat Central Command HQ 39
Coalition personnel in Afghanistan 5,000
US Personnel in Afghanistan 9,000
Total bombs dropped 24,000
(13,000 precision-guided)
Sorties flown 55.150
Fighter 2,700
Bomber 1,725
Tanker 13,625
Airlift 28,300
Other 8.8000
9 Air Mobility Support for OEF:

Total number of troops moved: 217,070

Total tons moved: 299, 365

9 Operation Noble Eagle Sorties: 25,100

Fighter 17,600
Tanker 6,175
Airlift 300
AWACS1 NATO AWACS 1,025

9 Weapons caches:
Over 300 caches have been found, with nearly 200 of them identified by local
nationals.
9 Afghan National Army
U S. and French forces nave trained more than 1,100 soldiers to serve in the
Afghan NationalArmy (ANA). Another battalion of 400 soa ers is in traning
now. 38 countries have offered assistance in the training or equipping of the
ANA.
9 Casualties
Fifty-twoAmerican servicemen and women have been killed in the war against
terror while more than 200 have been injured. Coalition forces have suffered
deaths and injuries while supporting OEF. The CIA suffered one killed in action
in Afghanistan.

Coalition s u p p o r t
9 Operation Enduring Freedom
Twenty-seven nations have deployed more than 14,000 troops in support of
OEF. Coalition support has been invaluable. For a partial listing of some of the
countries and some of the support provided, see www.centcom.mil.

Singapore recently broke up a terrorist cell linked to al-Qaeda that was

planning attacks against American targets. Thirteen suspects are now in
custody.

Spain has taken several terrorist suspects into custody, including a

suspected senior al-Qaeda financier and another suspect who had
videotaped several American landmarks like the Golden Gate Bridge, the
Statue of Liberty and the Sears Tower.

Morocco has arrested several al-Qaeda suspects who we believe were

planning attacks on American and British targets.
 Germany has been an indispensable law enforcement partner as well --
including arresting several terrorist suspects.

b International Security Assistance Force (ISAF)

Troops from 19 countries make UD the International Security Assistance Force,

a force organized to assist the transitional Afgnan government wtn security n
the capital. Kabul. D ~ r i n aits first six montns of operation, ISAF mounted 2 185
joint patrols with Afghan security forces in and around Kabul, and disposed of
nearly 3 million munitions.

Other Operations
> In The Philippines

More than 1,300 US personnel, including 160 Special Operations advisors,

deployed in support of the Balikatan counterterrorism exercises for 6 months.
U.S. Special Operations personnel conducted company-leveltraining with 25
field companies of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. The U.S. has provided
the Armed Forces of the Philippineswith one C-130 aircraft, 30,000 M-16A1
rifles, two Point-class Coast Guard cutters, and eight UH-1H helicopters.

b In the Republic of Georgia

US. Special Forces trained nearly 200 Georgians during the staff-training phase
of the Georgia Train and Equip Program. Currently, they are training nearly 500
Georgians in light-infantrytactics, including platoon-level offensive and
defensive operations and basic airmobile tactics. Military equipment is also
slated for transfer to Georgia, including uniforms, small arms and ammunition,
communicationsgear, training gear, medical gear, fuel, and construction
materials.

> In Yemen

U.S. Special Forces trained approximately 200 Yemeni military forces in

counter-terrorismtactics.
. From the Office o f the Secretary
At least475 weapons caches have been seized in Afghanistan since the beginning of operation Enduring Freedom.They were
found during military sweeps, located during attacks on the enemy, orthrough liaisons with regional leaders.

.Weapons seized ncl-de 2 100 AK-47 nfles & 720 000 ro~nds5 million ro~nosof heavy macn negin amm~n.ton190 monars
8 70 000 monar m m s , 200 RPGs 8 14 600 rounds 2,115 ar-m-air missles, 2 708 rcc<et a.ncners, 42,997 107-mm and
122-mm rocnets, 359 portaoleair defense sysiens. 302 SA-7s 3 693 n n e s and 72 ant -aircraft w a p o i s

.As coalition forces have develooed relationshim the Afnhan nannle the matorib of informationon weawns caches has come
ham t ps by o w Afgnans Th has been an 'mpnnart"transiioi ..from fndni*eapons wcnes Because of m tary sweeps to
fnomq mem win very sma nimbus of J S forces witn 'he helpof toca Afqnans wbc are aen ng ine coa ,I on to weawns
locati& (For the Secretary'sfull statement see DoD News: DoD News ~riefino- Secretarv Rumsfeldand Gen. Mvers.)

News
0 c t o b e r 2 8 - G b e r 1,2002
U.S Remains Recovered in North Korea
Remains believed to be those of 11 American soldiers
missino in action from the Korean War have been
dscovk-d in honn Korea The remains are inougnl10 be
those of J S A r m so o ers'rom the 711 nfantw Divism
who fought against Chineseforces in 1950 near the
Chosin Reservoir. More at: DoD News: Remains of U.S.
Servicemen Recovered in North Korea.

U S Reeases Four Detainees

Four data ncos nc d at G-artanamo Bay, Ciba were
released on Octooer 26 20C2 after DoD and othe' senior A U 5. Navy maintenancecrewhuddles after completing ore-night
L S government CHICa s ceterm ned me oeta nees no checks on an EP4E Orion participatingin OperationEnduring
lonaer ~ o s e da tnreat to J S secuntv More a' -
DoD Freedom
~ e & . Transfer of Detainees ~ompl&ed, For more information about the war agamst terrorism,
please visit:
Iran Attacks Coal t on A rcrafl n No-F v Zone
Coalition aircraft enforcmg (he Nonnem %fly Zone over
Iraq orooped precison-gioeo n u n tons October 30 on
elements of Saooam husse n s air defense system after
thev were fired on bv Iraai anti-aircraft artillerv. The attack
is'he t3tn in s yearana marks me 7151tmeinat raq nas
fired on m a non a rcrah n 2002 More at EefenseL N< Recommended Reading:
News: Coalition Aircraft Fired on Over Northern Iraq. "Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction Programs; a reportby the
CentralIntelligenceAgency, October2002.
see, ~ ~ W e a of~ Mass
o wDestruchon Rmarns
 From the Office of the Secretary
0 October22 marked the 40th anniversary of the Cuban Missile Crisis President Bush recently cited PresidentJohn F.
Kennedy'sOval Office address in which he declared, "Neither the United States of America nor the world community Of
nations can tolerate deliberate deceptionand offensive threats,.,Weno longer live in a world where only the actual firing

- of weapons represents a sufficient challenge to a nation's securityto constitute maximum peril.'

Our task today is to do everything in our power to ensure that history does not repeat itself; that the U.S. avoids a nuclear
standoff, like the Cuban missile crisis, with a terrorist state. And PresidentBush is determined to do just that. (For the
Secretary's full statement see OoD News: DoD News Bnefina - Secretary Rumsfeld and Gen. Mvers.)

News Upcornina Events

~ ~ ~2002 ~ b e
President S qns Defeise GI
Pres oem B ~ s sn gnffl me fisca 2003 Defense
Appropriations and Military ConstructionAppropriations
acts into law Oct. 23 in a White House ceremony. The
fiscal 2003 defense amonriation of $355 billion reflects a
$37 bi ton increase o m fscal 2002 sieidmg See
DetenseJ\K h e m B-sh Siqns DefenseB Savs
h a t m Faces \eA Danqers
Tenor 'VNS Can Be Deteatffl NATO Secretary-General
Tnougn f t e v NS of terrorism appears to be spread ng "it
would be wmno to oa nt too beak a o cture ' NATO's
sextarv.genekl a; -I O n 22 -erronsis are not
nvinc 3 e * Lord Geome Robenson sa '3 n an address at
Ihe Broomgs nsl ton I^asn igtcn Mye at
Defensed\K heNS Terrcrl t s Can Be Je'eated
NATO Secretary-Gererai Savs
NATO Snou d Aqree to Response Force Proposal
Ar op nmn piece .n the Ocober 24 lnternal~onalHerald
Tr't-"ne.
-h.- T €-rowa snc~io
-sav ;es lo R-msfed.
. .. .. - . - .- - . . .-
Fast Fact
Coalition aircraft bombed Iraqi artillery sites in the northern
no-fly zone October 22 after receiving anti-aircraftfire near
Mosul
r ~ ~
Saturday. October 26 Special Assistant to the Secretary
of Defense Ken Kneg speaks at the Pentagon to Die Wnte
hctse Felows Assoccat on a o o ~transforming
t me J S
military
Wednesday, October 30 Jnaersecretary of Defensefor
Personneland Reao ness Dr Dav d Chu wl oe ver the
kefnote address at Ihe Unrted Stales Air Force 2002
Wondwde PersonnelConferenceat Randolpn Air Force
Base, San Antonio, Texas
L
Day in History
1 kvinternational oraanizationthat was to "save
succeeding generations from the scourge of war, to
reaffirm faithh fundamental human nghts, . to
estao sh conamons "naer wn cn ..sl r e ana respect for
t i e Ooligal on*, arising from treaties am oner sources of
nternar on81 law can DP ma ma nea and to promote
w a! frogress and oerer slanaaras of fe n arger
freedom '
 Department of
Pentagon Briefing Defense
Office or
September 23,2002 PUMC Affaire
703-695-2113

Weapons of Mass Destruction

Terrorist states, weapons o f mass destruction and terrorist aroups are converqina to
form a deadly threat

9 Today's greatest threat comes from the nexus between terrorist groups and states that
are pursuing weapons of mass destruction.

Countries like Iran, Iraq and North Korea represent the nexus.

a These are countries that have records of being active in the development of weapons
of mass destruction.

a Many of these countries have indicated their willingness to kill their own people-and
thousands of innocent men, women and children through acts of terrorism.

Iran supports Middle East terrorist groups that have killed thousands of people,
and has robust oroarams to develoo chemical and nuclear weapons. includina
long and mid-r&gemissiles.
.
'

Iraq used chemical weapons against Iran during the 1980-88 Iran-Iraqwar and
gassed its own citizens in 1988, killing thousands of innocent Kurdish men,
women and children. Iraq also harbors and provides bases of operations for at
least four internationalterrorist organizations.
Syria, which supports Hamas, Hezbollah, and Palestinian Islamic Jihad, has a
robust chemical warfare program and the ability to deliver chemical agents on
SCUD missiles and artillery shells.

9 Much of the equipment used to make and deliver WMD is commercially available from a
large number of sources. It is difficult to track dual-use technology and stop it from
falling into the wrong hands. The manufacturingequipment also tends to be small and
portable.

m nternationa treaties, multilateral export control regimes, U S. export controls and

security ass stance to other countries have imited effect on co~nlries ke Iran, Iraq,
Libya and Cuba that violate their treaty obligations with impunity.

. The world has already witnessed the use of chemical and biological agents by
terrorists organizations:

. The Japanese group Aum Shinriko produced Sarin nerve gas for its attack in the
Tokyo subway in a bathroom. Their production complex operated in plain view,
but looked like a common warehouse from the outside.
 The Rajneeshees-cult followers of a self-proclaimedguru exiled from India-
poisoned a salad bar with salmonella in Oregon In 1984.
Hamas is working with poisons and chemicals in an effort to coat suicide bomb
fragments.

The best defense i s a good offense~nre-emptiono r preventive defense against

terrorism i s simply self-defense.

> The only successful defense against terrorism is a good offense.

As the President said at West Point in June:
'We cannot defend America and our friends by hoping for the best. We cannot
put our faith in the words of tyrants who solemnly sign nonproliferationtreaties
and then systematicallybreak them."
"If we wait for threats to fully materialize, we will have waited too long...the war on
terror will not be won on the defensive. We must take the battle to the enemy...In
the world we have entered, the only path to safety is the path of action."
s We must not wait until there is another Pearl Harbor before we defend ourselves, and
our friends and allies.

- If we Know that rogue states or groups have weapons that could kill hundreds of
tnousands of people, it doesnt make sense to wait until they use them

A growing number of countries are investing enormous sums to develop weapons of

mass destruction and the missiles to deliver them.

Hostile powers will soon have the ability to strike U.S. cities with nuclear,
chemical and biological weapons. They will have the power to hold us
hostage to blackmail and terror.

The U.S.military must transform to meet 21st centuw. asymmetric threats.

> Our challenge in this new century is to Dreoare to defend our nation against the
unknown the Jncenain and the unexpected To win the war on terror and prepare for
future threats we must transform the U S military to become more letna, ag e an0
prepared for surprise.

. In Afghanistan, we've already had a glimpse of the fun-re: Special Forces on

horseoack call ng in targets on satellite phones to 40-year-o d planes outfitted with

. But transformation was under way even before the war against terrorism,

Last year, the Quadrennial Defense Review outlined the goal of aligning DoD with
21" Century threats.

Our conclusion: We can predict we wlll be threatened, but not necessarily

who will threaten us.

- 2
 We need to defend ourselves against those threats, no matter where they come
from.

Transformation reauires Innovation, creative thinklna and risk-taking.

> It's about more than new weapons systems and programs: it's about new business
practices, more effective technology and people with new ways of thinking.

We need to change not only the capabilities at our disposal, but also how we think
about war.

. Ail the high-tech weapons in the world will not transform U S . armed forces unless
we also transform the way we think, the way we train, the way we exercise and
the way we fight.

. To usher in the new, we must part with the old -that means accepting change not
everyone is comfortable with.

Our defense strategy and force structure must be focused on achieving six
transformational goals:

First, to protect the U S . homeland and our bases overseas.

. Second, to project and sustain power in distant theaters.

. Third, to deny our enemies sanctuary, making sure they know that no corner Of
the world is remote enough, no mountain high enough, no cave or bunker deep
enough, no SUVfast enough to protect them from our reach.

Fourth, to protect our information networks from attack.

- Fifth, to use information technology to link up different kinds of U S. forces so that
they can in fact fight jointly.
. And sixth, to maintain unhindered access to space and protect our space
capabilities from enemy attack.
 From the Office of the Secretary
President Bush has rallied our nation and the world to address the danaer nosed bv Saddam Hussein's reaime. Until he
spoke OJI me word was orihng aong an0 'ac ASS tsro 3' ftcrq de,o;~n~ weapons of massdestn.cto~nai/ng
thrown OJI me nssectors how, tne woria s a n m o n s t,rnii3 to E a- t - J ~ ISaflflam h~sseinnas a cno ce 19 make. He
can give up h
is weapons of mass murder~orhe can lose power. 1
We Know tms much me on'! thing tnat nas orobgm us 10 i n s point is the growing inreat of m tary pressureon the Iraqi
regme Aro me on / Aay to fn sr tne OD fac ng ;ne J N 'ooay-10 d sarm n s regime- s to Keep inat pressure dp
Since 1998, the Iraqi regime has refused to allow any inspectors into the country. They are reversingcourse today only
when they began to realizethey had no other choice. The minute Saddam and his small ruling clique sense that they
are out of danger, they will have no further incentive to cooperate, and any U.N. inspectionand disarmament efforts will
fail once again. Saddam Hussein must understand: this is his last chance to come into compliancewith all U.N. Security
Council resolntinns

News Upcoming Events

~ o v e m b r15,2002
e
Defense Sen.01-eadenn 0 no as Penlaaon Town nail Friday, November 15: Department of DefenseGenera
The Defense Depanrnent s o g ' O J ~- Secretary Rims'eld, C o ~ i s eW
l liarn Havnes sneaks to the Amencan Bar
DeWN Secre'arv Afo fortin an0 Genera s Vvers &Pace Assoclahon in ~ s h e h l e North
, Carolina
- tookquestionsfrom the rank and file duringa Pentagon
Town Hall meeting Tuesday. Topics ranged from the Monday, November 18 DepJiy Sccreiary of Defense
g o a l war against terrorism to military transformation. W o i f o m qives me Keynote address at the Jewish
See: h t t //www.defenselink.mil/.
~ institute for NationalSecurity Affairs' 20th Annual Henry
M "Scoop" Jackson DistinguishedServiceAward Dinner
Secretary's Guidelines for Military Action Reach in Washington, DC
InternationalAudience
Secretary of Defense Donald H. Rumskld, speakingto an Tuesday, November 19: General Pace will address the
internationalaudience at Fortune magazine's ~ l o b ~ l Reserve Mobilization Symposium in Alexandria, Virginia
Forum November 11, explained his guidelinesfor
weighing the use of force. The guidelines, said Rumsfeld,
are "a checklist lo consider, as we seek to assure that
when and if we do engage, we do so with a full
aspreciaton of aurre&ns o .ties the nsks, t i e
onpoflun'ies ana mat he do so dec s we y ' See:
I1
The Week in History
On November 14, 1965. in the first maior US.
engagement of the V etnam War eements of tne 3rd
Br gade. 1st Cavalry D u son oatied Comm~nst ~n ts in
1I
thela Drana Vallev of the Central Hiahlands. U S. forces 1
Deouiv SeCretaW Dei'vers Veterans Dav Remarks f o ~ q hVM
i Norn Vetnamese req m e k oefore debating
Deputy Defense Secretary P ~ /Volfowi^z
J ocl vcrcd the the enemy ~ n ' l safter mree days of m n s e fiqhling
kev address as Dart of Veterans Dav ceremonies
hovember 11 a i ~ a s wn o n sq-iare a ,S Revolutionary On November20,1945, proceedingsagainst Nazi war
Nar sclo er bunal sttc n aowrtown Phiiadeohia See criminals were begun in Nurnberg,Germany.
 From the Secretary
On His Trio This Week to Eritrea. Efhfooia. Diibouti and Qatar:

There's no question that in Eritrea, Ethiopia, Djiboutiand Qatar the growing support for the global war on terrorism has been

.
manifested. We have had excellent cooperation from each of these countries.
-
Eritrea is a country that is cooperatingand has offered a variety of assistanceto the worldwide coalition a County

. that has been forthcomingwith respect to presentefforts in the war, and with respectto Iraq and the United Nations.
The relationshipbetween the U.S. and Ethiopia goes back almost 100 years, Ethiopiais offering strong, effective
support in the global war on terrorism. There is no question that the horn of Africa and many parts of the world are
home to terrorist groups including A! Qaeda The war against terrorism will take a long time. It will take U.S.-Ethiopian

1. cooperation before it will be successful.

The relanwship oetween me. S and DltboA nas been evowmg It has been very nelpfu to have tne camrab'm
antuoe on me part o' the DHOOJII government in the global war on terronsm One cannot say now mngs mignt evo ve
1 but we always hope a relationshipwill be mutually beneficial, and I suspect that will be the case here
s An implementingagreement was signed that will improve US. base operationscapability in Qatar in a mutually
beneficial way, and allow us to enhance technologies at the AI-Udeid air base. It Is a cooperativearrangementthat
continues to strengthen an already very positive relationshipbetweenour two countries.

News
~ecember3,2002
Rumsfeld Holds Town Halls for Troops in Qatar & Diibouti
Defense Secretary Donald H Rumsfeld answered questions
from sere ce members on eveiyln ng Iron raqc comP lance
win U \ rcsol~lonslo smallpox vacc natons to TRICARE
d m g lown na I meel ngs in Oalar and Ci DIJI !his *eeÃ
d bout 400 U.S. troops are stationed in Djibouti, and 1,200
American and British service members are deployed to
Qatar to conduct the command oost exercise "Internal
Look.' Links: Rumsfeld Holds Town Hall for U.S. Troops in
-
Qatar &Town Hail Meetina At Camp Lemonier,Djibouti
Qatar, U S Sian Military Agreement
Verbatim
"One of the questions that has been asked frequently
is whether disarming Iraq would distract the United
states from the global war on tenor. The answer to
that issimple and powerful: disarming Iraq and
fighting the war on tenor are not merely related.
Disarming Iraq's arsenal of terror is a crucial part of
winninn me war on terror, If we can disarm or defeat
a regime in Baghdad it will be a defeat for
terrorists globally."
-Deputy Secretary of Defense Paul
Wolfowte, December 6,2002, World Affairs
Council and Commonweakh Club of Sari
Francisco.
 Pentagon Briefing Office of
September 30,2002 public Affair*

Saddam's No-Fly Zone Attacks

Saddam Continues to Fire o n American & British Pilots i n h a ' s No-FIvZones

9 To protect Iraqi Kurds and Shi'a Muslims from Saddam's chemical attacks,
executions and forced relocations -- and to conduct aerial surveillance in
accordance with U.N. resolutions banning Iraq's possession of weapons of mass
destruction -- American and British forces under U S . command began Operation
Southern Watch in 1992 and Operation Northern Watch in 1997. Forces
patrolling the northern and southern no-fly zones include:

. 45 aircraft and 1,400 personnel (Northern Watch)

. 150 aircraft and 6,000 personnel (Southern Watch)

> Almost as soon as the no-fly zones were created, pilots enforcing them came
under attack from Iraqi missiles and artillery.

9 Since 2000, Iraqi forces have fired on U S . and British pilots 1,600 times.

> In 2002, Iraqi forces have fired on US. and British pilots 406 times.

Despite Saddam's recentpledae to abide b y U.N. resolutions which he --

-
immediately reversed Iraq continues to attack no-fly zone ~ i l o t s .

9 American and British pilots have been fired on 67 times since September 18,
just hours after Saddam promisedto "allow the return of the United Nations
inspectors without conditions" and expressed his desire "to remove any doubts
that Iraq still possesses weapons of mass destruction."

> Iraq continues to express contempt for U.N. resolutions calling for the dismantling
of its weapons of mass destruction, and Saddam demonstrates considerable
cleverness at playing the international community and the world's media --when
it's useful to lean forward, they do so. When they can get away with it, they lean
back.

> The US. is interested in Saddam's compliance with the U.N. resolutions and
Iraq's disarmament. The President has challenged the U.N. to enforce its
resolutions. It is an important moment for tne credibil'ty of the Unite0 Nations.

For a transcript of Secretary Rurnsfeld's no-fly zone briefing & accompanying images, please go to:
www.defendamerica.mil or www.defenselink.mil
 From the Secretary
Many comtnes nave responoeo to nqdnes fromme J S W T 8epo 12 liaq and there are a n~moerof co~ntnesinvoved I? the
planting vocess Tne J S s receiv ng responses from NA'O a I-esejei-, day many of wn cn lend to ^a i mto me to low~ngwlegones
A country would like to be helpfui and start planning immediately in the event that force is used against Iraq -with or without a
UN resolution.
A country pledges to be helpfuland begin planning immediately, but only if there is a UN resolution indicating it k appropriate
for member (NATO) states to use appropriate force.
Some countries may not be in a position to cooperateon Iraq but are willing to provide assistance in other ways, such as
offering force protection in a host country or assisting the U S, activities in other parts of the worid, allowing us to tree up

. capabilitiesin theevent of militaryaction.

In the event force is used, some counlries would like to cooperate with a coalition to provide humanitarianand reconstruction

. assistance afterwards, as so many countries am doing In Afghanistan.

Them will also be countries that do not offer help.
Many countries am currently involved with planning and recognizethat them would not have been a UN resolution absent the potential
use offorce The build-uo that has taken dace and thecoonerativearrangementsthat are being fashioned indicate to the Iraqis that
the UN andcoalition countries are senous

News Today in History

~ o v e m b r22,2002
e
Sec Rumsfeid in Ch I e at hATO Summit
Secretan Rmsfe d me1II s week o in Cnilean President
~ichelle~achelet to discuss mutual security interests, the
global war against termnsm and Chile's upcoming
membership in the UN Security Council. En mute to the
NATO Summit this week, Secretary Rumsfeld
characterized member nations' responsesto requests for
suppxt in disaming Saddam Hussein. See:
Ministerial of the Americas S Secretary Rumsfeld En
Route to Praque, Czech Republic.
On November 22, 1988, in the presence of members of
Congress and the media, the Northrop 0-2 "stealth"
bomber was shown publicly for the first time at Air Force
Plant 42 in Palmdale. California. The aircraft, which was
developed in great secrecy for nearly a decade, was
designed with stealth characteristicsthat would allow it to
penetrate an enemy's most sophisticateddefenses
unnoticed. The 0-2 has won a prominent place in the
modern U.S. Air Force fleet, sewing well in missions to
this day. 1

Pentaaon PreÃews 04 Budael. Addresses F-22 Costs
Pen'agon otic a s 1n.s wecoisctssed [he gdd ng
pnnc pes snacmg 3oDs 200a o.dqe1 request lo fte
President and tesponcffl 10 resorts of neft cost es'jmates
for the F-22. "We are very much concerned with these
numbers," said Assistant Secretaryof Defense Pete
Aldridge of the F-22 cost estimate, "We're going to get to
the bottom of i f See: DoD News Briefinq - Aldndqe &
Briefing_ontheBMqetRollout Plan.
Iraq Continues Attacks on Coalition Aircraft
Iraq fired anti-aircraft artillery at coalition planes for the
second time in a week, Since Nov. 8 Iraq has fired on
coalition aircraft at least nine times in the southern zone
and twice in the north. See: Iraq At It Aqain.
For defense news, visit ~ ~ t ~ . D e f k n d A i n c r i ~ ~
 Voices of Free Iraqis
April 4,2003
"Those ant -American demonstrations[ n Iraq] you see on the news are not real. Sadoam's men p ~ l i
people out of tnelr nouses, g ve mem L S. Hags and tell tnem to bum them. Ifthey oon't, they I be
snct ' --Ad11 Al-Ghuraltf, Iraqi tulle, Pittsbuqh Post-Clzette, February 10, 2003

"This war is not against the Iraqi peopie. Thk war must be against Saddam regime. There is no other
s0lJt:on g ven oy any other mi-ntry, even Europe country or ~h na or RJSS'~, to 5-wive our people inside
of Iraq. Tnere's 23-m i ion peopie in the prison in Iraq, and Iask a i tnose peop e to look to our h m a n
--
nghts Pro0 em, w'iat we got n Iraq." Adnan Alzurufi, The O'Reilly Factor, February 24,2003

. . h e is a cancer [Saddam Hussein]. He has killed millions of people with the considerationof three major
wars that he went to: one war with Iran and one war with Kuwait and America, and one war with his
own people, with the Kurds and with the north and with the Shiites and with the south, and with his
-
entire nation... Not many people know who Saddam is. Ithink only those who lived in Iraq they lived
under his tyranny and aggression. They know who he Is, how brutal he Is, how criminal he is..."
Imam Hassan Qazwini, The O'Rellly Factor, February 24,2003
--
am a pacifist.,. But it will take a war to remove Saddam Hussein, and of course I'm for such a war."
"I
- Ramsey Jlddou, an Iraqi American, The WeeklyStandard, March 10,2003

They showed me these prisonersthat were eaten by wild dogs. They made us--that was one kind of
intimidation-they brought all of the generals and officers in the prison to watch it, to intimidate us. .. .
They took us from iail and thev out some blindfolds on our eves and thev took them off and we saw him.
Before the Oogs ate h m we saw mem read tne judgment an; m y said why they were gong to kit him.
rle was tne ncao doctor for a ' the milita-y, and he was the personal ooctor for Saoaam nussem and for
former- Iraq president Ahmed hassan a Bale-." -- Riadh Abdallah, a formergeneral in Saddam's
Republican Guard, The Weekly Standard, March 10,20113

The death and destri-cton c a s e d by Saadam in our land is the worst since iseouchaonezzar [ca. 606-
...
562 BCI The Iraq nation is lide a man wno is kept captive and tortured by a gang of th~gs. The
proper mom posit on s 70 f y to ne.p that man iibe'ate hmsef a m oring tne tort~rersto owk. When
YOL are oeinq tortured to deatn you are noi fbssy ebc-t who w. I save ~ O J ,' --
Abdel-MajidKhot, son
of the late GrandAyatollah Khol, Iraq¥sfo-os religiousleader for almost 40 years, The
Natlonal Review, February 26,2003

'Don't tnese marcners [referring to anti-war protestors] know that the only march possio e in Iraq unoer
-
Saaoam nsse n s from tne pr son to tne Pnng-squad7' KhalnlKishtaini, a famous Iraqisatincal
writer, The Nabonal Review, February 26,2003

"This is the only option that we have to get rid of Saddam Hussein and his regime and his weapons and
to free the Iraqi people," she said. The latest war, as violent as it is, must be understood in the context of
"the suffering and brutality of Saddam Hussein's regime over the years, and Iwish for my peopie
freedom and liberty." --ZanaibAI-Suwaa Executive Directorof theAmericanIslamic
Congress, Boston Herald, March 29,2003

...
"We are excited because the removal of this tyrant looksvery imminent. And Iraqis who have been
living abroad may have a chance to go home and see family..!' -
Mostafa ai-QazwInI, leaderofthe
Islamic Educational Center of Orange County, Costa Mesa, California, Baltimore Sun, March
19,2003
Apparatus of Lies
Saddam's Disinformation and Propaganda
1990-2003
 Table of Contents
Executive Summary ....................................................................................4
Crafting Tragedy .........................................................................................
6
Iraqi Co-Locations of Military and Civilians The .

Exploiting Suffering ..................................................................................

14
Blaming Sanctions for Regime Failure ...................................................................................
14
Case Study: Baby Funerals ......................................................................................................
16
Depleted Uranium Scare............................................................................................................
18
Medical Facts on Iraqi Chemical Weapons Exposure......................................................... 18
Exploiting Islam......................................................................................... 20
The Hajj Shakedown 1
Oppression of Shi'a Muslims 2
The Gulf War: Lies About Non-Muslim Militaries In the Middle East ................................23
The Gulf War: Lies About Conflicts between Muslim and Western Allies - 24
Corrupting the Public Record .................................................................. 25
Self-inflicted Damage 5
False Man-in-the-Streetinte 6
5
Covert Placemen 6
Case Study: The AI-Fahd Forge 8
9
Conclusion: The Lies Continue............................................................... 30
Bibliography .............................................................................................. 31
Endnotes.................................................................................................... 33
"It is not a lie when you are ordered to lie."
- a senior Iraqi biological weapons official
 Executive Summary
. .
I n December 1998. when U.N weanons insnectmr Dr. Richard Soemel became exasoeratedbv .
Iraqie\asions an0 misri'prescntations. he conirorncd Dr. Kihah !ana, the 'Aoman the Iraqis
.
iJemifico as the head oithcir biological weapons program and asxed her directly, 'YJU know
h a t we know you are lyine. So why do you do it?" She straightened herself up and replied, "Dr.
Spertzel, it's not a lie when you areordekd to lie."'

Dr. Taha's brief reply is one symbol o f a highly developed, well disciplined, and expertly
organized
- .oroeram . . -
- desiened to win sun~ortfor the Iraai regime through outright deceit. This
u

elaborate program is one ofthe regime's most potent weapons for adtancmg us political.
militaiv and diplomm; iib,ect.\es In their disinformation and propaganda campaigns, thc
Iraqis use elaborate ruses and obvious falsehoods, covert actions and false on-the-record
ctatement'i, and qhisticatcd preparation and spontaneous exploitation o f opponunitics Many
t but this repime c~ploitsthem more aggrcssnel) anJ eiiect~vcly-
of the 1c:hniq~cs are n ~new,
-
and to more harmful effect than any other regime i n power today

I n the uecKS 3hcao. 3s the internaliowal community seek, tu enlurce U V $ti.-wry Council
rcsolunons and Jium !hi; lr.iqi regmi.-.governments. thr med.a. and tnc public are urged to
consider the regime's w i d s , deeds, and images i n light ot this brutal record or dcccit.

Apparatus o/11c! aiouses the l i w that Iraq has used 10 priimotc its propapnJa and
disml,mmt >n in f m r m u d r ' ~ t e ~ o r n ; ~

Crafting Tragedy: 1'0 craft tragedy, the regme places civili.ins .IJÈ> to m i l i t q equipment.
facilit~es,and tr .'pi. w hiih an: leptimatc targets in an arnud cimfli;t lk Iraqi rcgimv
opcnl) u.-.i.-dbath Iraq im d fi~rcrncrsashuman shieldsdunnathe Gulf %ar,c'.cntually
bowing to international nressure and releasins them. I t has also olaced military , eoulomint
, .
next Id or inside mosques and ancient cultural trcasurcs F m l l \ . it has deliheryti.'h damaged
lacilinc-iand attr~h-itecithe damauc to ioalitwn bombing anJ ha, iittemptcd 10 pais otT
damage from natural catastrophes, such as earthquakes,as the result of bombing

Exploiting Suffering: To exploit suffering, Saddam blames starvation and medical crises -
often of his own making -on the UnitedNations or theunited Slates and its allies. This is
. -
such an effective ruse that the [rani rexime actuallv r m e s or activelv ignores hardshio and
a

then aggressively exploits the Iraqi people's suffering. For the last few years, the Iraqis have
aggressively promoted the false notion that depleted uranium - a substance that is relatively
-
harmless and was used for armor-~iercingmunitions during the Gulf War has caused
cancers and birth defects among 1&s. Scientific evidence indicates that any elevated rates
of cancer and birth defects are most likely due to Iraqi use o f chemical weapons.

E x .~ l o i t i n.Islam:
e Exoerts know that Saddam Hussein is a non-relieious man from a secular
-
- even athc,snc pan) Bin 10 exphiit Islamic sentiments, he adopts expressions uffanh in
his pdb i; prono~n:rincnti, and the Iraqi propaganda apparatui erects billboards and
-
distributes images showing him praying or i n other acts o f piety all while the regime
 prevents pilgrims from making the Hajj. The regime also has made many false claims
designed to incite Muslims against its adversaries.

. .
. - the Public Record: To comot the oublic record. the regime uses a
Corrwtine
combination of on-the-record lies, covert placements of false news accounts, self-inflicted
damage, forgeries, and fake interviews.

. -
The Iraai reelme uses several tools in vanoui.;combinations to disseminate false information and
images in the cxpexation that supporters and i,ommcntdii>rinil1 cause it10 reverberate through
the media Man; ofthc,e f-tliehooiKdie j u ~ k h but, ekcn ihc most implausible claimscan i h d
believers or at least a permanent home in the public record. Under certain circumstances, some
will gain vigor and continue to be repeated and grow,even after they have been proven false

The Iraqis have adapted and varied their mix of themes and techniques over the years, depending
on the situation, and they have auicklv seized new oo~ortunitlesto soread false information
Iraq's disinformation effort is seriousand sophistica& The regime commits substantial
resources to this effort and has achieved some remarkable successes.

Main Tools of Iraqi Disinformation

Staged suffering andgrief

. Co-location of military assets and civilians

Restricting journalists' movements
False claims or disclosures
False man-in-the-street interviews
Self-inflicted damage
On-the-record lies
Covert dissemination of false stories

. Censorship
Bogus, edited, or old footage and images
Fabricated documents

An important priority of Saddam's deception apparatus is to manipulate the televised images the
world sees. This is accomplished by controlling the movements of foreign journalists, monitoring
md censoring news transmissions, disseminating old or fake footage, and carefully staging
events or scenes. The regime's most cynical strategy is to actually cause severe civilian hardship
or even deaths and then exploit the Iraqi people's suffering by placing the blame on UN-imposed
sanctions or other nations,

Recent US.government reports, including/* Decade ofDefiance andDeception, have

- - UN resolutions and weaoons
documented Saddam's deceit reeardine . inspections.
. In order to
raise awareness ut man) 01 the regime's other forms ofdeception, particularly those Ilkel! In be
repeated, apparatus of Lie\ examines the fact, behind Ira41il~s~nformat~onand propagandasincc
1990 Given ihe nature 2nd h ~ w ofthe
q rtf&ime,evidence of further deception is dlmes'certain
to come to light
 Crafting Tragedy
"The presence or movements of the civilian population or individual civilians
shall not be used to render certain mints or areas immune from military

to shieldmilitary objectives/rom attacks or to shieldmilitary operations. "

-Protocol to the Genera Conventions of 1949, Article 51

Based on what he has done in the past. if conflict with Iraa should occur, Saddam is almost
certain 10 Id>' a t f q lor the v,,ir.d9i mcdi-i He app3rcntIl belicve-i that dead Iraqi civilians are
his m i t powerf-il w-ipon i n tp. ,112, to creaic re\ ulsion acain-it any milnap. action lhat might
occur against Iraq.

liunng Operation Desen Sinrm. the malition c h x e its ~ r f t m carefull) and had slnci rules of
engag:ment miended to w o i J bumbing innocent civilian; L\cn uith :aref~l largeling. tire
discipline, and the well-known use o f precision munitions in the campaign, some civilian
casualties occurred. Saddam Hussein used deaths of innocent civilians to trv to undermine
inttfrr.atunal m J Jomtiii. sJppiJn iorlhc Amern.an-led c.ia ition. and the Iraqi regme made
man! c l ~ i i n sthat i ; i ~ lan targets haJ been hit h j coalmen air lorccs. with I o n of innoccnt
civilian lives.
The Iraqi regme'-i propag-inja campaign went far bc>ond normally-expcctcd protests o\er
cvilian cas~altics The Iraqis quckly realised that p acmgmi,nar; a s e t s - including tanks,
missiles. and command-am-control taci,nics - close 10 civ ilians and civilian infrasttucturc could
yield substantial benefits. BY shielding" military
. assets with civilians and civilian infrastructure,
Saddam understood thdt coalition forces * a d d either avoid anackmg targets close to civilians or
n s d m e r e political damage from unintended civilian dcatns at wnat would have appcarca to be a
purely military site

.
The w-location strategy has three objectives:
To conceal military assets:
To deter coalition attacks on military assets that could not be concealed; and
.-
Failing the first two obiectives, to capitalize on attacks by generating- civilian casualties and
destruction of cultural sites.

Some of the regime's co-locations were clearly detectable through overhead imagery. Those that
were not yielded tragic results- and a rich vein of propaganda. This is a long-standing practice:
.-
Throughout the country. the Iraai eoveriunent continues to locate military assets close to or
together with civilian facilities and cultural sites, and it continues to build new mosques and
other civilian facilities in or near military areas.

Iraqi Co-Locations of Military and Civilians. Then ...

reporter Peter Amen wrote that one night during the Gulf War a SCUD missile and
launcher appeared on the front lawn of the AI-Rashid Hotel, where he and otherjournalists were

In 1990, the international press widely reported that Iraq had held more than 1,000 Western and
Japanese men, women, and children as human shields at about 70 sites in Iraq, including air
force bases, military garrisons, weapons factories, and power plants before eventually releasing
them under international pressure.

During the Gulf War, the Iraqi regime placed two military aircraft next to the ancient Ur ziggurat
near Tallil, Iraq. A coalition strike on the aircraft could well have caused extensive damage to
this ancient Mesopotamian cultural treasure.

When coalition leaders publicly Staled that religious sites would not be Targeted, Saddam began
using these sites to shield military equipment and units. In other cases, dual use facilities were
exploited for propaganda value
On January 21, 1991, coalition bombers hit what the Iraqis claimed was a "baby milk factory" in
Baghdad. The United States insisted that Iraq was using it as a biological-weapons development
site. It appears the facility had briefly functioned as a "baby milk" factory in 1979 and 1980, and
then again in the Spring and summer of 1990, before the Iraqi regime began to use it as a
biological weapons site.

As L' S ~ff.:ihl. p a i n i d -mi at the timi;, the Iraqi regime à § a defending the sue as it would a
mihian failing A h c r thc (Sulf War, UNSCOM mspectors discos-red that three scteniists from
the Iraqi regime's niiiin biological weapons faiility had beenii'iiignco 1.1 the'habj milk" factory
 Journalists who ware taken to the "baby milk" factory in 1991
saw this hand-lettered sign in English and Arabic.

...And Now.
Since the Gulf War, the Iraqis regularly have placed Air Defense missile systems and associated
equipment in and around numerous civilian areas including parks, mosques, hospitals, hotels,
crowded shopping districts, ancient cultural and religious sites, and even cemeteries. They have
placed rocket l a u i h e r s next to soccer stadiums thatwere in active use, parked operational SAM
systems in civilian industrial centers.

In late 1997, the Iraqi regime made sure the world media filmed Iraqi civilians, including women
and children. at military and industrial sites. The U.S. eovemment later learned that it then
sccrctl? icplaccil thc .n~lianiiuilhprisoners, u h o w e r e meill; opposiliun figurcs but also
:n;ludcd s i m e criminals lfrhe sites had been attacked. thc Iraqi regimc %aspoised to claim that
any prisoners killed were the Iraqi civilians who had previously been there.

In April 2002. commerital salrilite imayeq showed that ihi; Iraqis had cunstmcted 15 military
revetmi.-nts near a <chuoi n Sanbadi. a taw" 31 miles southeast of BaghJad Some ofthc
revetments, essentially holes i n which military vehicles are parked as protective measures against
air strikes, are less than 11 yards from the wall surrounding the school.

In 2002, the United States government learned that the Iraqi gmernment had ordered taxis and
buses to be repainted with military color', in order to look like military vehicles

On J<inuar\ 8, 2003, the Ai.io~iatoJ Pees> m d *then reported thai Iraq, DCPUNP r m c Minister
Tarcq A n ? *elcirmcu ftircign volnniccrs 10 ~ i i m c t oIraqand sene 35 human shields around
i l i a n facili'ic-s in the creni ofarmed c o n f l ~ cthcrch\
i . nl-intin~.the idea that ci\ilian ta21lltte\
would be tub~cclto a n a ~ k Iraq issued s.mtlarcall, idr v.ilnnteer< in 1990 In thc even1 d
mnflici. su;h hi-man melil'i n i i ~ l PW>I
d l ~ k e l >be d c p i q e d around milnao targets - either to
deter strikes against the targets or to create casualties in the event o f their being struck.
Case Study

The Amiriyah Bunker-Shelter

In the early momine hours ofFebruary 13.1991. coalition wecision-euided bombs hit the Amirivah
bi-nkcr in klagh-dad' Ieicwion new irks broadcast grucsoine t ~ o ~ ~ o i c h a rboiiies
r e d being reino5cd
from the b-iilding Iraq rcponw oicr 3U0 deaths. mostly womcnand Juldren

Th-i hunker v . 8 ijtigna

~ 1'. coiwru.ieJ as an at, raid shelter doringlht Iran-Iraq War, and later
comcned in1.i a mi :tar\ command-and-control center In 1991, n was used as a milltar)
communications center, complete with barbed wire, camouflage, and armed guards. Intelligence
sources reported senior Iraqi military officials were using it for military communications?

Iraq claimed it was a civilian air raid shelter that had been deliberately bombed. Unknown to the
coalition was that selected civilians had been admitted to the top floor at night, while the Iraqi
military continued to use the lower level as a command-and-control center. In an article in the
February 14, 1991, edition of Finland's Helsin@n Sanomat, a Finnish expert confirmed that
structures in Iraq like the Amiriyah had two stories and space for a total of 1,500 people. The
Finnish firm Perusyhtyma and the Swedish company ABV had built 30 of these structures in
Baghdad.

Khidir Hamza, former director general of Iraq's nuclear weapons program, slated in his book,
Saddam's Bombmaker, that during the Gulf War:

"We sought refuge several times at the [Amiriyah] shelter.... But it was always filled .... The
shelter had television sets, drinking fountains, its own electrical generator, and looked sturdy
enough to withstand a hit from conventional weaoons. But I stoooed trying-to set . in one night
after noticing >omc ong h l a c ~lini?~$inesil thenng in ~ n 3d111 31 an ~nd~'rground gale 1 1 th'
back. I asked arcun.l anJ was tnla #at it w a s a mmmanu cemer Alrer cun;mr.ng it more
closel!, I Jc.iJed 11 w a s probab.) Saddam".own operational hase'"

The United States government soon learned that Saddam Hussein had decreed that, from then on
I Iraq's military hunkers would also house civilians?
Visitors tour the Amiriyah Bunker, The Iraqi government
has preserved the bunker as a public memorial.
 Exploiting Suffering
The Iraqi regime is skilled at seizing - and creating - opportunities to undermine the
international community's resolve to maintain UN sanctions. And one of its most effective tools
for accomplishing this goal is the systematic creation of hardship and suffering for the Iraqi
people. While devoting massive resources to opulent palaces and huge weapons programs, the
Iraqi government makes food and medicine scarce for average citizens. It then shifts the blame
for the sufferinb! of the Iraai neoole from Saddam's nolicics to the United Nations, which
establi.-ihcd thcian:tion\ The real iccisiw; lor the ktreTtngare quicki) o\cruhelmed b) the
emotii~nal~ c i g h ot f e v l n g or emaciated ch ldr>;n,doctors .amenung tne la:k ofmedicines and
supplies, and parents pleading for relief.

t tragic images to influence i<.ir.d opimon, and particularly 10

Saddam H ~ s s c i n y' ~m e m m ~ - niiws
support me M e allcgadon that thc I ruled Na!ion> is killing Iraqis These magi.") include

. Exploiting sick and malnourished children for international television cameras;

- - mass funerals;
Staging
Providing selective tours of empty markets and dilapidated hospitals;
Showing .Iraqis
. with obvious diseases and blaming the sicknesses on the absence of modern
medical tools, due to sanctions; and
Censoring television footage and restricting movement of journalists and television crews.

In a ~articularlvshockme oractice. the regime is known to collect the bodies of dead babies and
storethem for months atatime, s o that& can stage mass funeral processions and create the
impression that UN sanctions are killing small children.

sanctions exceptions, Iraq is explicitly allowed to import food and a wide range of medicines and
other necessities, and the UN Secuniv Council has emanded the list of allowable items several
time->in u p i n w I.) num:iniiarlan iinJ intrdstrucwre needs The regime cithcr delihcratel) caused
nii;Ji:al icarcnv and maln~trnionor 1; mpl) i a w that the wffenng oitne l n q . peop'e caused by
its policies could be exploited for its propaganda value.

In either - 3 i e . vcapons f x thcanncd forcciand luxuries tor rulini; cines took priorin over to&
and m<;Ji:nii;-aCMI 5 e e o p l e , and the regime fuund n murc ~scf.il10 continue the hardships and
blame them on the sanctions than to meet its obligations and end the suffering. In 2000, Forbes
magazine estimated Saddam Hussein's personal wealth at $7 billion, acquired primarily from oil
and smuggling.

Blaming Sanctions for Regime Failure

In a total of 29 separate resolut~ons,~
the LfNSecurity Council has stated clearly its reason for
imposing sanctions: to force Iraq to comply with previous UN resolutions. But Saddam Hussein
,.
refuses to comnlv. In 1990. under UN Security' Council
- Resolution 661. the UN nermitted food
a d medkine .mpons Beginnmd .n Wl. the S t - c ~ r qC i m i i l anempied 10 create an Oil-for-
Food Program inat would allow Iraqi oil 10 be sold, \nth pro:eeds deposited in an L'N-controlled
account and used to purchase food, medicine, and humanitarian goods for the Iraqi people.7 The
Iraqi government rejected this proposal.

In 1995, over Iraq's protests, the Security Council adopted another oil-for-food resolution? It
was only in 1996, after another year and a half of Iraqi delays and international pressure, that the
Iraqi regime finally agreed to accept oil-for-food, allowing the first imports to arrive in 1997.
Even after the program was in place, the regime continued to deprive its citizens of the food and
medical commodities that the international community wanted to suoolv. . . . In 22 subseauent
resulutuni the Sccurlb Council extended, revised. adiusted, or expanded the Oil-for-Food
Program out ofconcern forthe people of Iraq ~ms.stent1)broadening thc range ofgoods
permitted for importation?

Iraq cla mi [hat I 7 m .lion children including 700,000 under the age uffivc out atis total
natlona! popu a t m 31 22 million people, haw died k c a i i s e oi'tanetions A~curJingto'.in Iraq)
government website, after the Oil-for-Food Proeram was instituted the number of children who
died before the age of five jumped 50 percent from 1996 to 2001. The facts tell a different story:

Under the Oil-for-Food Pro&Â¥amthe Iraai regime exported food to earn hard currency it
could use for its own purpo&. Infant f o h u i a sold to Iraq under the Oil-for-Food
Program has been found in markets throughout the Gulf, presumably exported by the
regime to circumvent the sanctions"

 According to the UN, under the Oil-for-Food Program the daily food ration in Iraq rose
from about 1,200 kilocalories per day in 1996 to over 2,200 kilocalories per day in
August 2002."

. Iraq therefore implausibly claims that child mortality soared while the average caloric
intake for Iraqis increased by 80 percent, and while medical supplies were becoming
more plentiful.

High-ranking- reeime
- loyalists
. receive the most ex~ensivemedical care, including heart
bypais <iurgi;n and neurnsurgcrv iis.ng an ultra-mudern. $6 m '1i.m gamma knife. uhile
basic medic.nes are .n shon wppl) for the Iraqi ptfdple '
Since the Gulf War, Saddam Hussein has spent more than $2 billion building 48 new
palaces, some complete with gold-plated faucets and artificial waterfalls on their
grounds."

How much food does $2 billion buy for hungry people? In 2001, the World Food
Program spent $1.74 billion to deliver 660,000 metric tons of food to 77 million people
Case Study

Baby Funerals
"Small coffins, decorated with grisly photographs of dead babies and their ages - 'three days ',
'four days', written usefullyfor the English-speaking media - are paraded through the streets of
Baghdadon the roofs of laxis, the procession led by a throngofoffic~almourners."
- The Observer (London)
People the world over are moved by the suffering and deaths of innocent children, and where
possible, the Iraqi regime attempts to link images ofchild deaths to the policies and actions of its
adversaries. They have blamed thousands of child deaths on United Nations sanctions, not the
Iraqi regime's policies that caused those sanctions. They also claimed that exposure to depleted
uranium from snent munitions used in the Gulf War had r m r d manv dcaths and deformities in
children l o i& in thcw claims, the) have staged masschildrcn's l't~nerdh.and to stage those
funerals, !he\ W?J h J children I here i.i on!) tine problem, accordingt.1 acfcclors. J ~ U M ~ ~ I S L ? .
m d participants in these funerals: To have enough children's remains to make a proper show, the
regime hasto collect and store them.

A EBC Correspondent documentary aired on June 23, 2002, exposed how the Iraqi regime
staged these processions: Instead of burying dead children immediately in accordance with
Muslim custom, Iraqi authorities hold the bodies in cold storage until enough bodies are
available to conduct a "parade of dead babie~."'~In one such event. the Iraqi regime exhibited
some 60 coffins, decorated with large photographs of the deceased, around Martyr Square in
Baghdad while government-controlled demonstrators chanted anti-U.S. slogans and demanded
the elimination of UN sanctions, all for the benefit of foreign reporters who were present.

On camera, an Iraqi identified as Ali, described as a former member of Saddam's inner circle
living in northern Iraq, related the account of a taxi driver who had explained to him how it
worked: "He went to Najaf [a town 100 miles south of Baghdad] a couple of days ago. He
brought back two bodies of children for oone ofthe mass funeral^."'^

All continued "The smell was incredibly strong. He didn't know how long they'd been in
storage, perhaps six or seven months. The drivers would collect them from the regions. They
would be informed of when a mass funeral was arranged so they would be ready. Certainly, they
would collect bodies of children who had died months before and been held for the mass
processions.""

In a separate article, the program's host reported, "A second. Western source went to visit i
Baghdad hospital and, when the official Iraqi rninder was absent, was taken to the mortuary.
There, a doctor showed the source a number of dead babies lying stacked in the mortuary,
waiting for the next official procession."'s
Depleted Uranium Scare
Durmf; the Gulf War. coalition forces iised armor-piercing ammunition made frum depletcd
r a m m , which i i ideal f-ir the purpose becauseof us great den-ip. In recent)cars, the Iraqi
regime has made subitdnnal cffdns to promote the false claim that the depeted uranium rounds
fired b! coalit on Fir,.^ have cd~sedcancers an0 hirth defect in Iraq I r d j has distributed
horrifying pictures o f children with birth defects and linked them to depleted uranium. The
campaign has TWOmajor propaganda assets:

Uranium is a name that has frightening associations in the mind ofthe average person,
which makes the lie relatively easy to sell; and
Iraq could take advantage o f an established international network of antinuclear activists
who had already launched their own campaign against depleted uranium

But scientists working for the World Health Organization, the U N Environmental Program, and
the European Union could find no health effects linked to exposure to depleted uranium.

The truth has not deterred the Iraqi disinformation campaign On November 15,2000, the
London-based Arabic-language newspaper Al-Quds 01-Arahi reported that Iraq had set up an
organization called the "Central Committee for the Follow-no o f the Conseouences of Pollution"
unJer me iiireJt idper\ iiiin. fDii-put) Prime Minister Tanq A/\/-. IJI pi.r>iii; thi'i SWC. It also
reponed tliat Iriqi Maii^r Ot-nerd Abd-al-Nahhah Vliihammao al-luhun neadcJ ¥ working team
of military personnel, scientists, and others to generate data and organize tours for the
international media. Ira0 has hosted international conferenceson the alleeed illeffects o f

Medical Facts on Iraqi Chemical Weapons Exposure

The Iraqi News Agency website directs viewers to a gruesome picture o f a boy from the city of
Mosul, with the caption, "We say to human rights advocate: Look what their bombs have done to
. - .
the children of Iran. Look how the" use internationallv banned weannns.. inchdine Dcnleted
I ramum ammun.tnin. n their aggression against Iraq." In Yxcmber 2000. the Iraqi magazine
Ahf lla' cla-mod that .in Inq. ch Id had been born with "IMJ "cad< and three arnii'because the
mother had been exposed to depleted uranium.

Ifthere has been an ~psui-gcin hirth detects and cancers in part? o f Iraq, it i s most likely to have
been caused b\ the regme's JSC ofchcmical w a p o n i from 1983 to 1988. includ ng musiard gas
and nerve agents. Saddam Hussein used chemical weapons in southern and northern Iraq against
the Iranians, with whom they were at war from 1980-88, and against the Iraqi Kurds, as in the
well-known chemical attacks in the northern town ofHalabja. Mustard gas has long been known
to cause cancers and is strongly suspected o f causing birth defects.

Dr. Christine Gosden. nrofessor o f medical senetics at the University o f Liverpool researched
congenital m3 fnrmati&, fertilit) and :a&s in Halabia in IWS :ay< Or &den-"What I
found was tar !,orsc than anflhtn~I had su~pe;ted ... Conditions such as lniertillri, congenital
malformations and cancers (including skin. head. neck, respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract,
breast and childhood cancersl in those who were in Hfilabia at the time ... arc at least three to
four times greater, even 10 years after the attack An increasing number of children are dying
each year of leukemias and lymphomas The cancers tend to occur in much younger people in
Halabja than elsewhere, and many people have aggressive tumors ....?'9

Dr. Gosden also described a visit to a hospital in Halabja: "The staff in the labor ward told of the
very large proponion of pregnancies in which there were major malformations. In addition to
fetal losie; dnu pennaval death,, inert: is alio a \en large number of infant deaths The
frcqucncic'i o f t h e x in the llalabj3n women is more than four times gre3tcr than that in the
ntfifhhnring ciiy of Sulc~mania 'Re findings of serious i-ongeniial malformations with genciic
causes occurring in children born years after the chemical attack suggest that the effects from
these chemical warfare agents are transmitted to succeeding generation^."^'

According to Dr. Fouad Baban, Chairman ofthe Department of Medicine of Suleymania

University. -
. "Congenital . ,.
abnormality rates in 1Hdabial are four to five times greater than in the
post-atomic populations of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Rates of stillbirths and miscarriages in the
town are even more alarming. Rare and aggressive cancers in adults and children are found at
levels far higher than anywhere in the
 Exploiting Islam
Saddam Hussein tries to harness feelings of solidarity among Muslims to his advantage. By
--
portraying himself as a devout believer and tnvokine the name of AHah in his struccles with the
n1ernat:ondl :ommumi), he seeks 10 frame his conflict.-.as an Islamic struggleand fashion
himself as standaru-hearer for Muilims Imagci o:'SinJdam in pra)crorexulIing 'Â¥iacdam'
dedication to Islam appear on billboards in Iraq and are circulated in pictures, publications, and
videos.

One 1990 analysis concluded, "In recent years, the Baathists have not hesitated to exploit
religion as a mobilizinff aoent- a d f r o m the first months of the war with Iran. Drominent
~a;:hista have m d e ."ipublic shou ol attendtn~rehcious observance, $addad ll~sstfin1-1
depicted in praler 3n postersdiiplaycd across thecountry Moreover, the liaath Pan) has
prmidcd lar$ sum-i ofmoney 10 refurbish imponant m~sqin;>."" This is a depanurc from the
Â¥iccuiaorit; n-i of Saddam H ~ s s c i n ' Kaatn
s Pam Baathists view Islam a; 3 pi\id~:t ofArab
culture and a h n a w ti? pan-Anbsm, and unnl 1990. Iniq "as the m i ) oificiall) ->ccularitate in
the region U i c r time. the pcr'iiinahn of Saddam Husscin has siipplanu-d Raaih i'ar\\ hi-trtne.
but one factor has not changed: The key Figures in Iraq's regime and ruling party remain non-
religious or even non-believers.

According to Daily Telegraph (London)

editor Con Couehlin. author ofKineof

American Morning:

"Saddam is an opportunist He's not

really a devout Muslim. But when it
suits him. he portrays himself as a
Muslim leader. And I think when
your correspondents go to Baghdad,
they see ail these pictures of Saddam
the nation builder, the general;
Saddam the religious leader."

November 2002: Women in Baghdad wait for

a cab In front of a mural of Saddam Hussein
in prayer. wide world]
I n reporting
. -
.on the regime's lavish mosque-building- .orogram since the mid-1990s. while
consumer goods and man! necess~tics"ere in short supply or unavailable in Iraq. thc 1.07
Angeles Lime^ quoted a E-icopean diplomat in Baghdad, who spoke on condition oi3non)mit).

. .
'The oeoole's well-beine is not on the orioritv
,~ .
list o f the reeime. The reeime is
solely concerned with its own survival. A huge mosque-building scheme may
help the formerly secular- almost atheist-and socialist regime to get more fully
reikorporated into the family ofthe Arab nations, whereasthe plight of a
majority o f the ordinary people can be used as its propaganda shield,"23

The Hajj Shakedowns

Nowhere is the dichotomy between Saddam's religious rhetoric and practice more obvious than
with the way he has treated faithful Iraqis seeking to make the Hajj, The Iraqi regime interferes
with religious pilgrimages, both oflraqi Muslims who wish to make the Hajj to Mecca and
Medina and o f Iraqi and non-lraqi Muslim pilgrims who travel to holy sites within the country.
Baghdad has refused all orooosals for travel that did not involve direct payments to the
government

I n 1998 the UN Sanctions Committee offered to disburse vouchers for travel and expenses to
pilgrims making the Hajj, but the Government rejected this offer. Then again i n 1999the
Sanctions Committee offered to disburse funds to cover Hajj-related expenses via a neutral third
party; the Government again rejected the offer. Following the December 1999 passage of UN
Security Council Resolution 1284, the Sanctions Committee proposed to issue $250 in cash and
$1.750 in traveler's checks to each individual pilgrim to be distributed at the UN office i n
Baghdad in the presence o f both UN and Iraqi officials. The Government again declined and,
consequently, no Iraqi pilgrims were able to take advantage o f the available funds or Ofthe
permitted flights. The Government also has attemoted to use pilerimages to circumvent
sanctions forits own financial benefit. In 2001 the~overnmentcontinued to insist that UN-
otkrco lunds t x l l a j ~p l g m ' i ht J c p ~ ~ i int dthe government-contr~lleacentral bankand
p l a ~ c dunder the ;ontrol of gfut'rnmcnt officials fur dishurscmcnt rathcr than gncn IJthc

The regime has tmpo'icd ii \drict> of -ii-henies i n extract ni.tne) from rclii;ious pilgrims by
requinnj. thcin \o p+ f(;esdici'cll! 10 the lr<iqiCentral Bank Fitimatc, coniiderably, but 11
is clear that Saddam Hussein brings in millions of dollars annually in this way. According to the
Coalition for International lustice:

"After refusing yet another UN plan to fund travel for the Hajj in 1999, Baghdad
bused some 18,000 Iraqi pilgrims to the Saudi border, where they were
encouraeed to demonstrate and demand that the Saudis release frozen Iraqi funds
to pa, fir their tnp Instead, King Fahd rtelcomd the Iraqi pilgrims and promised
that Sa-id. Arabia thou d pruwde all arrangemi-nu free o f charge \Vilh no
prospect of Saudi payments to the government from frozen funds or other sources,
Saddam ordered the pilgrims back to Baghdad."
Oppression of Shi'a Muslims
The hypocrisy of the supposed commitment ofthe Saddam Hussein regime to Islam is shown by
its long oppression ofthe country2 Shi'a Muslim majority. Restrictions on Shi'a Muslims
include: placing conditions and outright bans on communal Friday prayer; prohibiting Shi'a
mosque libraries to loan books; denyingpermission for Shi'a programs on govemment-
controlled radio or television: banning Shi'a books. including- .prayer
. books and guides: banning
man) luncral prowisions mil other iuncrdl ohscnanci.'s ulhcr than t h ~ a edrgmwtfd by the
goicrnmeni. and pnihihmng ;endin processimj and public meenngi commemorating Shi'a hol)
days. Shi'a groups report capturing documents from the security services during the 1991 Shi'a
uprising that listed thousands of forbidden Shi'a religious writinp2'

in Iraq and other Muslim countries [Reuters]

The Gulf War: Lies About Non-Muslim Militaries in the Middle
East
Diinng thc Persian Gull War, Saddam e~ploitedthe fact that non-Muslim troops w e r e fighting
Muslim lrtiq, hoping 10 p~rtravthe war 3,a rtaragainit Islam Iraq ;lamed that Islamic sites
..
had been attacked, and anoeatine- to Muslim sumikon of Western moraliw and Western attitudes
toward Islam, Iraq asserted that coalition forces had desecrated holy sites and brought immorality
to Saudi Arabia.

In assembline the international coalition. President Oeoree H.W. Bush cited the immorality and
ilkgal~t)01 ];aq'< invasion or Kuwait and callca lor the liberation ofthe Kuwaiti people The
Unred Nanons hecunti i^o.in:il passed resolutions authorizing the use dftorci* to liberate
Kuwait. Iraq sought to undermine the idea that Americans and other Western members ofthe
coalition were liberators of Kuwait and to exploit anxiety over the presence of armed outsiders
on Arab soil. To achieve these ends, the Iraqi regime invented reports of crimes by Western
military against ordinary Muslims or important national symbols. Some reports alleged that
people had been killed or wounded while engaging in some act of anti-coalition protest, in an
attempt to create the additional impression that opposition to the war was growing in the Arab or
Muslim world. Some claims:

"NATO sources leaked information that some American military personnel had discussed
a secret plan to attack Al Ka'aba in Mecca, with a rocket bearing Iraqi markings in order
to use the attack as a pretext to attack Iraq."
- An-Nahar, (pro-Jordanian newspaper inIsrael), Decembedl, 1990
0 There was no such plan.

The American pop star Madonna was in Saudi Arabia, entertaining U S . troops.
- Inqilab (Pakistan), January 27, 1991
* Madonna never went to Saudi Arabia.

40 percent of Americans had the AIDS virus and were going to Saudi Arabia to spread it.
-Baghdad Television, late Augusf 1990
9
-

U S naval commandos hijacked a Bangladeshi merchant ship in the Arabian Sea

- Sangbad /Bangladesh), January I, 1991
0
-

U S . intelligence planned to assassinate the Saudi crown prince

-Radio Baghdad, January 15, 1991
*-
The Gulf War: Lies About Conflicts between Muslim and
Western Allies
The coalition for Operation Desert Storm was a broad alliance of Western and non-Western
countries, and the participation of many Muslim countries in the coalition deprived the Iraqi
regime of the opportunity to frame the conflict as one between Islam and non-believers. In an
effort to ignite opposition to the coalition in Arab and Muslim countries, the Iraqis invented tales
of discord or outright conflict between Western and Muslim military personnel, using mostly
covert action and state-run media. In these tales, Muslim-country militaries usually suffered
some humiliation or loss of life at the hands of their Western allies before managing to kill a few
ofthe alleged tormentors. None of these claims is true. Specific false claims included:

"American and British soldiers have opened fire on Bangladeshi soldiers in Saudi Arabia
because they refused to take part in the attack on Iraq. As a result, several hundred
Bangladeshi soldiers have been killed ..."
-Leaflets distributedin Bangladesh, January 28, 1991

. U S . forces opened fire on Moroccan forces in Saudi Arabia, killing several

- RadioBashdad, January 31, 1991

The United States was continuing to import Iraqi oil in violation of the embargo while
denying it to their allies.
 Corrupting the Public Record
Lies and fdlse images p l a x d in the p-olic record iirc important elements ofIraqi cisinformalion
Iraqi oificidls h a i t -orpcJ d.ii;urnent>, >taged scenes for international photographers and
television, placed false stories covertly in newspapers and magazines, and tied on the record.
During the Gulf War the Iraais falsely asserted on the record that there had been victories bv the
Iraq armed force;. Israeli im'~l\cmer:i in coalitiun m i l i t a ~upmt.ms. and internal fightingin
the cuahtmn heryeen Muslims and Westerners Some examples were clearl) intended lor the
Iraqi and Arab public, such as an oR'.cial claim reponed hy Kadiii Monte Carlo on Junuaq 11.
1991 "There '.\ere masme pro-Sadaam demonstrations n Cairo" Or an Iraqi News Agcnc)
claim on Januap 22, 1991 -25.UOO S a u d ~ including
~. ke! figure-i. have sought r e f d ~ ein
Yemen."

Self-inflicted Damaae -
Ui.r rig thc G J t \\A[. an Fchr~iin11. 1991, the Iraqi1;deltberately removed the dome o f a
m i i q u r in ,\I-3asr.in and di-imamled .I. in an aticmpt 10 make $1a p p m as i f the damage h3d
been caused by coalition bombing. But there was no damage to the minaret, courtyard building,
or the dome foundation, which would have been the case if the building had been struck by
coalition m u n i t ~ o n s ? ~
False Man-in-the-Street Interview
Journalists or visitors to Iraq are often witnesses to "spontaneous" outpourings o f grief or anger
by what appear to be common people, or hear stories about hardships supposedly caused by the
United Nations economic sanctions. I n one international news broadcast during Operation
. -
Desert Storm focusine on a missile that had struck near a civilian area. a woman cosine as a
casual passer-by spoke tii the camera in flucnt Englch about the ":rminal bombing of Iraq "
But American dipl~matsw ho had i m e J in Iraq rccognizcd her as Suha Turayhi, a meer
minister i n the Iraqi foreign ministry?'

Censorship
The easiest way to manipulate images is to control and censor outgoing broadcasts. During the
Gulf War. the Iraais would not allow CNN and other media to broadcast scenes o f damaee to

showing damage to military targets at a bridee destroyed bv allied bombers at Nassariyah, south
of ~aghdad,tomake it appear that the only victims o f the raid were civilians. A t a nearby
hospital, he told the BBC he was prevented from filming soldiers wounded in the raid. A t one
point, he said. an official escort covered with a blanket the uniform o f one victim to make him
appear to be a civilian,"

Covert Placement
The following scenario reflects another, especially egregious corruption o f the public record: A n
Iraqi government intelligence officer, diplomat, or operative provides a journalist or publication
a
i n another countw with false stow. s he stow co&m &irk details that annear to bolster the
slop.'." main i h c i e hut cannot be i h e d ~ o u r c e sor pro&mmt< in the article are descnhed in
convincing JtUili hut ' ~ i l h o ud~lually
t hemg named Dales or places ot wpposcd menti are
provided in order to give the article texture and credibility

'The Iraqi< h a c tils > butlt false >tor e; iiruund real events or mc:iing>. so that falsehoodscan be
built arounu a skeleton o f t r ~ t h 'lhc iournalist may or may not know thc oriiiinal sourceof the
material, and because these placements are made covertly, they cannot always be attributed with
certainty. to Iraq, " .
. But knowledee o f Iraoi coven activities. clear evidence o f Irani involvement in
some covert placements, and strong circumstantial evidence combine to support attribution o f the
following items to Iraq. None of the reports cited below is true.

. [A]t least 10 Saudi citizens were martyred and others wounded when U.S. soldiers fired
at them after hundreds o f Saudi citizens demonstrated i n front o f a U S . military base.
- Sawt AI-Sha'b (Jordan). August 13,1990

Over 100 Christian churches were built i n Saudi Arabia. Americans had imported over
$5 million worth o f liquor to Saudi Arabia. American soldiers were in all parts o f Saudi
Arabia disguised as Saudis
- &unrerfeit lerlerfrom Nigerian'slivinr in Saudi Arabia to the Nigerian daily
Republic, October 28. 1990

26
An Amerlc3n public relations firm had contraxed w t h an Ep)ptian manpower recruiting
compdn) to pro, ~ u 5.000
e ,lawrappeared as 10,UUOi prostitutes i ~ American
r servicemen
in Saudi Arabia.
-Times of India, August 13, 1990 Reporter was subsequently fired.

Pakistani soldiers in the multinational force had clashed with American soldiers, resulting
in the deaths of 72 Americans and five Pakistanis.
- Markaz (Pakistan), January 16, 1991 (On January 18, Pakistan expelled the
Iraqi press attache for "activities incompatible with his diplomatic status.")

This forged letter from Nigerian students in Saudi Arabia appeared in the
October 28,1990, issue of the Nigerian newspaper Republic.
Case Study

The AI-Fahd Forgery

in late October 199u. Iraq', ambassador to the United \dtn)m s-hmined to the UY Secretac)
3eneral nbat he claimed à § aa ' lop Secret" memorandum from lingadtcr Fahd Ahmed Ai-
Fahd, Director-General oiKuwait's Statc Sccunt\ Dcpanm?nt to the K-iwam Minister oflhc
interior, describing a meeting the security chief s&mosedtv held in Washington with Central
intelligence ~ g e n (CIA) -
c ~ Director ~ i l i i a mwebiter in ~ o v e m h e 1989.
r

This memorandum was a complete forgery and was designed t o bolster false Iraqi claims
that the United States and Kuwait had engaged in a conspiracy to destabilize Iraq.

The forged Kuwaiti memorandum stated.

"We agreed with the American side that it was important to take advantage of the
deteriorating economic situation in Iraq in order to put pressure on that country's
government to delineate our common border. The Central Intelligence Agency gave us
its view of appropriate means of pressure, saying that broad cooperation should be
initiated between us, on condition that such activities are coordinated at a high level."

in an accompanying letter, Iraqi Deputy Prime Minister Tariq Aziz charged that the alleged
Kuwaiti document:

' illustrates the conspiracy between [the Kuwaiti] government and the government of
the United States to destabilize the situation in Iraq. . This document clearly and
une~uivocallvconfirms the connivance between the United States Central Intellieence

The foreerv was r e ~ o r t e din the media on October

~- ~
30 and immediatelv denounced as a
rorgery& both t h i ~ l and 4 the government of Kuwait. ThcClA dcih-nhc~Gen A-Fahd's
I t i Dir::tor Wcbstcras 'n routmec.ninesy call I here wa-i n s h ni; di~i'u.~sed
in the
meeting concerning Kuwait's relations with Kuwait or any other ~ountry.''~~ In an October 27
letter to UN Secretary General Javicr Perez d c Cuillar, Kuwaiti Foreign Minister Sabah
41-Ahmad Al-Jaber AI-Sabah had said the document contained ''falsehnods and
groundless lies" and "linguistic expressions that have never been used in Kuwait...." H e
also tinted that "its style differs from that used between Kuwaiti officials."3o
The Gulf War: False Claims of Victory
In the early days of Operation Desert Storm. the Iraoi reeime issued a stream of false claims of
military s&ce&es, he target audience for this lie was ion-elite Muslim publics, including
Iraqis, and the Iraqis used on-the-record statements, bogus stories, and sympathetic journalists to
disseminate their story. Examples of specific claims - all false - include:

The United States embassy in Mauritania reported that Iraq's embassy in that country
released a black-and-white video ofwhat it claimed was captured coalition military
personnel, only three days after the beginning of the air campaign. The large number of
'prisoners" in the video and the speed with which it was produced and released in
Mauritania marked it immediately as a forgery?'

During the conflict, Iraq claimed to have downed more than 200 coalition planes and
'scores" of cruise missiles, and to have recovered one unexploded cruise missile, which
would be reused. Iran also claimed to have destroyed an aircraft carrier. In fact, 37
coalition planes were lost in the conflict and no aircraft carriers were destroyed.

. Western soldiers killed during the Gulf War were being "evacuated from Saudi Arabia to
Djibouti in British planes and in a second step ...to the island of Crete, where they are
secretly buried." Not true.
-AlgerianPress Service, January 29, 1991

was not extensive,

-Iraqi News Agency, January 20, 1991, citifiga "British correspondent"

Iraq has killed 6000 allied troops (claim made just four days after the coalition air
campaign began). I n fact. 148 US. troops were killed In the whole conflict.
- Inqilab (Bangladesh), January 20, 1991
 Conclusion: The Lies Continue
This report shines l i ~ h on
t the apparatus u.ed hj Saddam llus-iein and hi< cadres todeceive the
Iraqi people and the intematimal :ommunit\ The oppresses and totattunan n a t m of Saddam
Hussein's regime enables his deception and deceit. This regime. which became expert at
obfuscation during the 1991 Persian Gulf War, has now hadmore than a decade toperfect these
practices,

The Iraqi regime's intent to continue these lies is evident from recent actions. Should the United
Stateund lit< a lies determine that milnap action I? nccesiaq to disarm Saddam HJSsetn, the
Januan 8. 2Ut13, statement h> I arcq ,4212 illustrates w hat niuld artan the internatmal
community. In this statement, the Iraqi Deputy Prime Minister and member of Saddam's inner
circle invited friends of the dictator toserve a;human shields. What Tareq Aziz does not tell
them is that they will be defending Iraqi military equipment and a regime that tyrannizes its
people

All the while, the regime continues to profess poverty while generating significant amounts of
money from the Oil-for-Food Program. During the period ofJanuary 4-10,2003, Iraq exported
6.7 million barrels of oil, generating an estimated $174 million, according to the UN Oil-for-
Food Program. The same procram oroiects that for the oenod of December 2002 to June 2003.

many Iraqi citizens face near starvation, Saddam Hussein continues to use oil wealth to build
castles and weapons. All the while, the regime falsely blames the plight of the Iraqi people on
UN sanctions

This report puts into perspective other recent Iraqi actions, including their material breach of UN
Security Council Resolution 1441. The resolution calls for a full, final, and complete disclosure
of weapons of mass destructionQnd a verified disarmament process in Iraq. What the UN got
was more lies and deception.

On January 16,2003, previously undisclosed warheads for chemical weapons discovered

. by UN inspectors.
Ongoing intimidation of Iraqi scientists through the regime's shirting position on private
interviews with UN inspectors,

As Secretary of State Colin Powell said onFace the Nation on January 19,2003: "It is [Iraq's]
responsibility under 1441 to cooperate fully with the inspectors in the disarmament process. Dr.
Blix says he has found no smoking gun, but he has also said that all he is getting from the Iraqis
is passive cooperation. 'Catch us ifyou can If you find something we might admit it. But we're
working hard to deceive you, to hide things and make it harder for you to get to the truth.'"

30
 Bibliography
Amen, Peter, Live From the Bafflefteld,New York, Simon and Schuster, 1994

Coughlin, Con, Saddam. King of Terror, New York, Ecco Press, 2002.

European Commiss..in, Directorate General 01 t n ~ r o n m c n tOpinion

, ofthe G r o w of Experts
Established According tu Anicie 31 @he Enraturn Treaty Dvpleted L'raniwi. March 2001

European Parliament, Directorate General for Research, Depleted Uranium: Environmental and
Health Effects in the GuIfWar, Bosma, andKosovo, April 2001.

Fialka, John, "Weighing Claims About Depleted Uranium," The Wall Street Journal, January 2,
2003.

Gosden, Christine and Mike Amitay, "Lessons of Iraq's Mass Murder," by The WashingtonPost,
June 2,2002.

Gosdcn, Christine, "Why I Went; What I Saw," The Washington Pott, March 11, 1998.

Hamza, Khidhir, Saddarn's Bombmaker. New York, Scribner, 2000.

'Iraqi Weapons of Mass Destruction Program and the History of UN Inspection Efforts in Iraq,"
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September 10,2002.

Kamcn, Al, "Iraqi Factories' Product: Germ Warfare or Milk?" The WashingtonPost, February
8. 1991.

Leventhat, Todd, Iraqi Propaganda andDisinformation During the Persian Gulf War: Lessom
for the Future, Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research, 1999.

Loiko, Sergci L., "In Iraq, All Sanctions, All the Time," Los Angeles Times,January 6,2003.

Metz, Helen Chapin, Iraq: A Country Study, U.S.Department of Defense, 1990

~c~eb2.loc.~ovlc~i.bin!~~~~!r~~frdlcst~~dv~~~1~OCl~~i-i~1OO3~

"The Mother of all Ironies,"EECCorrespondent, British Broadcasting Corporation, June 23,

2002.

Sweeney, John, "The Truth about Iraq's Dying Babies," London, The Observer Review, March
1. 1998.

31
Sweeney, John, "How Saddam 'staged' fake baby funerals," London, The Observer, June 23,
2002.

The Sydney Morning Herald, "Experiment in Evil," December 7,2002,

United Nations Oil-for-Food Program, August 2002, "Oil-for-Food - the Basic Facts, 1996 to
2002,"http;/!www.iin.oriyDepts,oip,-backs2round,%asicfacts
html.

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War, April 1992.

United States Department of State, "Iraq," Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, 2001.
March 4,2002.

United States Department of State, "Iraq,"hternational Religious Freedom Reports, 2002.

http://www.state govlg/drl!rls/itft2002/13996.htm

United States Department of Stats, Saddam Hussein'sIran. 1999.

United States Senate, "Hearing by the Senate Foreign Relations Committee," March 20, 1991.

The World Food Programme, "Facts and Figum, htt~:flwww. w ~ . ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ I c ~ . a ~ ~ ~ ? s e c t i o n = 2 .

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2001.
 Endnotes

' "Iraqi Weapons of Mass DestructionProgam and the History of UN InspectionEffora. in Iraq," Witnesses: David
Kay and Richard Spenzel, Hearing o f the House Armed Services Committee, September 10, 2002, p. 30.
See also "Scientists are Sought as Key to Iraqi Arms," by Joby
htt~:/.^iw.f&.inei.net~.ii-cl~i~e~.
Warrick. The WashingtonPost. December 15,2002.
Peer Amen, Live from the Battlefield, pp. 385-386.
US. Department of Defense, Final Report TO Congress. Condws ofshe Persian GuSf War, April 1992,pp. 141,
615.
' Kidhir Hamza, Saddam'sBombmaker, p 248.
' I b i d . 469-470.
UNSCResolutions661,687,706,712,778,986, 1051,1111, 1129, 1143,1153, 1158, 1175, 1210,1242, 1266,
1275.l260. 1281.1293,l302,1330,1352,1360,1382.1409, 1443,and 1447.
U N S C Resolutions706and 712. See "State Department Fam Sheet on UN Oil-for-FoodProgramfor
Iraq," December 20,2002, htm:/~iisinfostate~'.~rreimial~nea~lr,ici'te~ 1221faci~htm.
' UNSC Resolution986,
UNSCResolutions 1051, 1111,1129, 1143,1153,1158. 1175, 1210. 1242, 1266, 1275,1280, 1281, 1293, 1302,
1130,1352, 1360,1382.1409,1443,and 1447.
United States Depanmem of Slate, Saddm Hussein's Iraq, p. I1
""Oil for Food Programme in Brief," United NationsOffice ofthe Iraq Programme. September 2002.
hn~.,Ib~un u n , o ~ ~ ~ U ~ ~ ~ s ~ ~ ~ % ~ c k ~ m ~ n d l ~ ~ ~ h ~ i e ~ ! ~ ~ l
'2Saddam Hussein's Iraq, United Slates Departmen, of State, p. 10.
"lbzd.. D I I.
l4"~acts'andFtgurcs: The World Fmd Pmgmme,& ,
LL\+U ~ ~ f n . o ~ u ! ~ n d e h . h ~ n ~ e ~ ~ ~ o n - 2
""The Mother of All Ironies," BBC CorrespondentJune 23,2002, See also "How Saddam 'slaged'fake baby
funerals," by John Sweeney. The Observer, June 23,2002,
hap:'/observy~uuk'\iorl&im/sTor\~O.I1581.742303 00 himl.
"Ibad
"Ib'd
"John Sweenry,"How Saddam stagedlake baby funerals," The Observer, June23.2002.
'Christine Godsen, "Why I Went, What ISaw," The Washinzlon Post, March 11, 1998. p. A19
m '"
m .2
,?.

"Experiment in Evil," The Sydney MornzngHerald, December 7,2002.

'Helen Chapin Met% Iraq A County Study, U S.DepartmentofDcFense. 1990. See Library ofcongress.
htt~'Ieweh2loi. a.iv'cuf bin,aiien;i"trd'cstud\'fi t1elJ(D(X'ID-iqOO35)
'Loiko. Serge1Loiko, "In Iraq, All Sancitons All theT1me:LosAngdes Times, January 6,2003
U n i t e d Slates Department of State, "Iraq," InternationalReligious Freedom Repon, 2002,
Ihm.//~%~\v..statc
';oi'e'drl~rl-i/irf'200l'13996.hLml
"United States Departmentof State, "Iraq," Country Reports onHurnanRsghis Practices. 2001 March 4,2002
'Todd Levemhal, Iraqi PropagandaandDisinformationDuring the GulfWw Lessons from the F u t m (The
Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research, 1999), p.55
" lbid, D.55.
 Department of Defense Themes and Talking Points on Iraq
Uecemhiv 9. 21102

The war on terrorism is a global war. and one that must be pursued everywhere. We cannot allow one of the
world's worst dictators to continue developing the world's worst weapons. We cannot allow one of the
world's most murderous dictators to provide terrorist'! 11 sanctuary in Iraq (Wolfowif.?, Dec 6,2002).

Saddam H u s s e i n - A Global Threat

One of the questions that has been askedfrequently, is "whether disarming Iraq would distract the
United States from the global war on terror." The answer to that is simple and powerful: disarming Iraq
and fighting the war on terror are not merely related. Disarming Iraq's arsenal of terror is a crucial part
of winning the war on terror. If we can disarm or defeat a terrorist regime in Baghdad it will be a defeat
for terrorists globally. (Source: Wolfowitz, 12/6/02)

Iraq is part of the Global War on Terrorism - stopping terrorists organizations from acquiring weapons
of mass destruction is a key object of that war. (General Talking Points).

Saddam Hussein's regime is a grave and gathering danger, to its neighbors, to the US., to the Middle
East, and to the international neace and security. It is a daneer we don't have the luxury. to imore.
.
(General Talking Points).

For more than 3 decade, Iraq h3s lied rind deceived the uorld It has taile.! to live up to the agreements it
made a r k r ihd (iiili\(ar. uhcn the innding lraai 3rmv was ciected from Kuwait It has icnored more
than a dozen UN Security Council ~esolutions.( ~ e n e r a~l a l k i Points).
n~

The Iraqi regime poses a particular danger to the Iraqi people, as well as the world at large. The fact that
. . is his sreatest weakness. a crucial weakness if it should become
Saddam terrorizes his own neoole
necessary u use f . x e Id disarm his arsenal dfterrdr Since Sddddm I lussein rules by tear and fear alone,
when his pt'.iple n'. longer fear him. he will ha\< lo tear them iSmrce \\'oli,->'~iv,12 6 02)

Inspectors

Today.. insnectors
. .
are in Iraa because of the increasine. uressure from the international communitv on the
Iraqi regime backed hy a i-redihli;threat ot'iorce. Thi-i crtfdihle thrtfat off.wee is the .inly way to ensure
a peaceful resolution of the problem of Iraqi weapons itf mass Jcstriii'tion i.S.-iurce.Rumsfeld, 12'3/02J.

Only when President Bush took the case to Congress first, and then to the United Nations, and made
clear that he, and this country, and a coalition of the willing, were prepared to take military action if Iraq
refused to disarm its weapons of mass destruction program, did the Iraqi regime allow the inspectors to
return. (Source: Rumsfeld, 12/3/02)
 The Iraqis are faced with a decision. Inspections work only if the country being inspected decides to
cooperate fully. If a country decides not to cooperate, it is terribly difficult for a U.N. monitoring and
inspection team to tackle a country of that size if the government is determined to deny and deceive and
lie. (Source: Rumsfeld, 12/5/02)

The burden of proof is not on the United Nations or on the inspectors to prove that Iraq has weapons of
mass destruction, their job is only* confirm evidence of voluntary and total disarmament. (Source:
Rumsfeld, 12/5/02).

Saddam Hussein has develooed a highly advanced svstem of denial and deceotion for Iraa's weapons of
mass destruction and ballistic missile &rams, hidi'ng them from the rest ofthe nortd. bui specifically
to thwart the e:lbn:. n i r c n e w J U N. monitoring and inspections programs (Source: White House, DIA)

W e a p o n s o f Mass D e s t r u c t i o n

The British human rights dossier ought to remind us why Iraq's pursuit of weapons of mass destruction
should be of the utmost concern to free ~ e o o l eeverywhere. A reeime with weaoons of mass destruction
and such contempt for human life, eventhelives ofits own people, ought to beconsidered what it is:
namely, a particular kind of danger. (Source: Rumsfeld, 12/3/02).

- has chemical and bioloeical weaoons as well as missiles with ranees in excess of U.N.
The Iraqi. reeime
restrictions. If left unchecked, the regime could develop nuclear weapons during the current decade -
. -
possibly within a year if it is able to obtain sufficient weaoons-erade fissile material from sources
abroad. (Source: CIA, 2002)

N o Fly Z o n e s

Iraq, as it has for more than three years, continues to target and threaten coalition aircrews patrolling the
no-fly zones, on a daily basis. (General Talking Points)

This administration as well as in previous ones have said that our aircraft patrol the no-fly zones in
northern and southern Iraq to uphold UN Security Council Resolutions, namely 678,687 and 688. The
zones support the UN'Sdemand that Iraq cease threatening its neighbors and repressing its people.
(General Talking Points)

It's the onlv. .place [the . .

. no-flv zones1 on the face of the Earth where our forces are being fired on and the
response is measured I m uncomionable wilh the iik'ii that wr ask !oung men and young women 10
serve in Ilieht a:ns. to 11s over Irau .n ~ h nonh
c and the south. f ~ thc . oiseeina that the U.N.
r .narnosc
resolution that Saddam Hussein agreed to, that they would not send forces south to again do violence
against the Shia in the south or invade Kuwait; that they would not send forces to the north and do
violence to the Kurds, of which they have done before; and that is the purpose of the no-fly zone.
(Source: Rumsfeld, 11/18/02)

. It's for the United Nations and the President of the United States to make iudgments to determine
whether, and at uhat p.unt, Saddam Hussein's behavior reflects compliance and .'ooperation. and at what
point it reflects something other than !hat ,General Talking Points)
Source Resources
Building the Bridge to a More Peaceful Future
Remarks as Prepared/or Delivery by Deputy Secretary ofDefense Paul Wolfown, The World Affairs Council and the Commoweaith
Club, Son Francisco, CA, Friday, December 6. 2002
htm:/lw.defense!ink.mil/soeeches/20112/s20021206deosecdefhrml

Joint Media Availability with Secretary Rumsfeld and Korean Defense Minister
December 5,2002
htm://www.defenselink.n~il/news~U(ic2002/1120S2002 t1205sd lhtml

Secretary Rumsfeld and General Myers, DoU News Briefhe. Dec. 3,2002
tl203sd h a
httD://ww.defense!ink.n~il~news~Dec2002/tl2032002

The White House. A Decade ofDeception andDefiance September 12.2002

hn~://ww.whitehouse.aov!news/reieases/2002~09tira~decade.~df.

Central Intelligence Agency Iraq':, Weapons ofMass Destruction Programs.

Washington, D.C. October 2002.
hTtD://www.cia.eov/cia/~ublication'i/~aawindllraq Oct 2002,hrm.

Office of the Prime Minister ofthe United Kingdom Iraq's Weapons O/ Mass
Destruction. The Assessment ofthe British Government London,
September 24.2002.
~ d f
http:/lwww.~m.eov.ilk/files/~df~ira(idossier

http://w.defendarnerica mi!
What follows is a multifaceted report on the work that the CPA-1G has accomplished
over the past two months, including.

. A narrative of the organizational activity of the CPA-1G and the CPA

A detailed review of Iraq funding data collected by the CPA-IG (including

. sources,uses, and contract data)

A description of new imtiatives instituted by the CPA-IG
A summary of process and controls
An outline of next steps

Report Objectives
This repon meets the requirements of Public Law 108-106, Section 3001(i). It pres-
ents a background of the CPA. and along with an overview of activities. Those activi-
ties include strategic planning, resourcing, initial meetings, coordination and audit
planning, deployment, information and data collection, and interaction with other
agencies that have had pnor and ongoing oversight mto CPA matters

Meeting the CPA-IG Mission

The CPA-lG has launched several new initiatives to further its mission First, the CPA-
2
IG formed an Iraq Inspectors General Council in Washington, D,C , to coordinate the
numerous audit and investigation activities by various agencies in relation to Iraq
reconstruction Second, a CPA-IG Web site, along with hotlines in the U S. and Iraq.
has been developed that will enable ~ u b l i reportme
c of fraud, waste, and abuse allega-
t o n s Currently, the CPA Web site contains a link enabling public reportmg of allega-
t o n s to the CPA-IG

Third, the CPA-IG is establishing an Iraq Financial Working Group in Baghdad to f a d -

tare improved communication and cooperation among the various financial and man-
agement enrmcs overseemg reconstruction on the ground 1" Iraq The CPA-iG 1s a150
workmg with the CPA to tram a new corps of Iraqi inspectors General that will be an
integral part of the Iraqi Ministries following the transition of authority on June 30,
2004

Finally, the CPA-IG is developing a corporate governance initiative It will examme

ways in which the recipients of Iraq reconstruction contracts can participate in a dia-
logue that will lead to improved internal compliance and processes, as well as
enhanced accountabihty and transparency. This initiative will strengthen the public's
confidence m the oversight of reconstruction activities,

To date, the data collection activities of the CPA-IG have yielded primary source infor-
manon that will serve as the basis for further review. Since the establishment of the
Office of Reconstruction and Humanitarian Assistance (ORHA), which the CPA suc-
ceeded, $38 8 billion (approximately $23 billion in appropriated funds and $15.8
billion in Iraqi funds) has been authorized or amassed for Iraq relief and reconstruc-
lion, (as of February 29.2004) Additionally, international humanitarian aid approach-
ing $2 billion has been provided. Finally, the international community has pledged
nearly $13.5 billion in funding for this effort, of which approximately $1 billion has
been firmly committed.

As of March 17, 2004, the CPA and other agencies have awarded contracts valued at
$9 9 billion, of which $7.2 billion has been obligated In total, 77 sole-source contracts
were awarded, comprising 32% of the total dollar value; 745 limited cornpetxion con-
tracts were awarded, accounting for 48% of the total value; and 685 contracts, repre-
sentmg 20%of the total value, were awarded under full and open compet~tion

Thss initial data collection, provides the basis for the CPA-IG's preliminary develop-
ment of a comprehensive and informed audit plan that prioritizes the most important
opportunities for improving the economy, efficiency, and effectiveness of Iraq relief and
recomtructim actwmes,

CPA-IG's initial review has identified the following areas as potential nsks that mem
immediate attentum 3

. Security concerns and costs

CPA transition to Iraqi authority
Funding controls

- Logistics management and safeguarding of assets

Contractmg irregularities
interagency relationships

. Use of Continental U.S. (CONUS) contracts for intended purposes

Acquisition planning

The CPA-iG has also identified several areas of concern for potential process improvement'

. Corporate Governance
Contracting Processes

. Human Resource Management

Program Management

The CPA-IG will pursue an aggressive work plan, making every effort to complete
high-pnonty reviews and audits m Fiscal Year 2004. while maintaining the highest
standards of professionalism and integrity
 Coalition ProvisionalAuthority

Overview
The Coalition Provisional Authority was established to provide for the temporary gov-
ernance of a free Iraq. On May 9, 2003', the President of the United States appointed
the Honorable L Paul Bremer HI to serve as the Presidential Envoy to Iraq On May 13,
2003, the Secretary of Defense designated Ambassador Bremer as the head of the CPA,
with the title of Administrator and the responsibility for the temporary governance of
Iraq

The CPPA mission is to work with the Iraqi people to establish the conditions for a free,
sovereign, and democratically elected representative government m Iraq, The goal is a
unified, stable, democratic Iraq that secures an effective and 'repiesentatwe government
for the Iraqi people, protects freedoms for all Iraqis, provides for a growing market
economy, and is able to defend itself without posing a threat to its neighbors or
mtemmonal security

The CPA Established

The CPA is the temporary governing body of lraql and us 26 million people', until Iraq 4
m et n t y on June 30, 2004.

In May 2003, ORHA became the CPA, and regulations were promulgated for the
management of CPA and the temporary governance of Iraq. In July 2003, the
Department of Defense (DoD) designated the Secretary of the Army as Executive Agent
for CPA, making the U.S. Army responsible for providing "administrative, logistics, and
contracting support to ORHAICPA.'" In July 2003, the Iraqi Governing Councd was
established by order of the Administrator And in October 2003, the Administrator me-
ated the Program Management Office (PMO) to manage Iraq's relief and reconstruction
efforts In January 2004, the DoD additionally designated the Secretary of the Army as
Executive Agent for program management

In testimony before the 5enate7, DoD oilicr~binoted that at the tvme of ORHMCPAS
1nctpt,orL
40% of the Iraqi people did not have access to safe drinking water
70% of Iraq's sewage treatment plants needed repair
80% of Iraq's 25,000 schools were in poor condition with an average of one
book per six students
Iraq's electrical power system operated at half its capacity
 Iraq's agricultural production had dropped significantly
Iraq's oil infrastructure was neglected

Operation Iraqi Freedom has developed into the largest peacetime reconstruction effort
undertaken by the United States since the end of World War El. To help in this effort,
the U.S Government has employed a laree contingent of contractors to provide, among
other things, services, including large-scale construction, site security, personnel pro-
tection, and other meals, provisions, and engineering.

Scope of the CPA Mission

In addition to providing for a temporary government, the CPA also has the duty to
oversee the reconstruction and rehabilitation of Iraq. Those reconstruction and
ehabilitation activities fall into 10 categories enumerated in Public Law 108-106 The
categories are.

Security and Law Enforcement

Justice, Public Safety, Infrastructure, and Civil Society

-. Electricity
Oil infrastructure
Water Resources and Sanitation
Transportation and Telecommunications
Roads, Bndges. and Construction

..
 Health Carc
Pnvate Sector Development
Education, Refugees, Human Rights, and Governance

CPA Activities

Overview
The CPA has categorized its priorities into five general areas

Essential Services
Security
9 Governance

. Economy
S t ~ a t e gC~o m m u n ~ c ~ t ~ o n s

Among its stated intermediate objectives are: reconstitute the electrical power
infrastructure: reconstruct the telecommunications system; implement a Transitional
Administrative Law; build financial market structures; and improve information
dissemination.
In a briefing prepared by the Department of Defense outlining CPA activities through
March 11, 2004, the following were cited as highlights of CPA activities:

Electric power is available to Iraqis for anywhere from 11 to 24 hours per day,
depending upon the region. Oil production in Iraq is now at approximately 2.5
million barrels per day - the same as prewar peak oil production Crude exports
are reported at 1.5 million barrels per day, and the availability of fuels, including
diesel, kerosene, gasoline and benzene, has nearly reached CPA goals

In the areas of education and health care, ihe CPA has coordinated the distribu-
tion of 8.7 million textbooks and overseen the reconstruction of 2,300 schools.
A total of 52 clinics are under renovation and 600 primary health care
centers are being reequipped.

Nearly one minion telephone subscribers are reported, which is 14% above
active subscribers before the war This number includes 244,000 cellular phone
subticnbeni

. The Transitional Administrative Law was signed on March 8, 2004 The law is
a i l a b l e on the CPA Web sue at http-//www.cpa-iraq.org.
6
The complete DoD briefing has been included at Appendix M

Further Details on C P A Activity

The CPA is mandated, under Public Law 108-106, to provide the Congress with a quar-
terly report of its activities. The first was issued on January 5, 2004, and is available
1 the Web at hctv//wwwwhitehcuse eov/ornMeeislative/index,html A second report
is due o n April 5,2004, which will coni-am updated details on the activities of the CPA
The CPA-IG will review that report upon its issuance.

CPA Dissolution

On June 30. 2004, the CPA will transition its duties and responsibilities to the U.S.
Department of State In accordance with the agreement of November 15, 2003.
between the CPA and the Iraqi Governing Council, a new Iraqi transitional adminis-
tration will be recognized and will assume full sovereign powers as the government of
Iraq. Upon this transfer, the CPA will dissolve8.
 CPA Inspector General

Overview
On November 6, 2003, Congress created the position of CPA-IG The CPA-IG reports
to the Administrator of the CPA and serve5 as an independent, objective evaluator of
the Operations and activities of the CPA

On January 20,2004, Stuart W Bowen,Jr, was appointed by the Secretary of ~ e f e n s e ,

in consultation with the Secretary of State, as the CPA Inspector ~eneral".

Mission
The mission of the CPA-IG is:

To provide for the independent and objective conduct and supervision of audits,
inspections, and investigations relating to the programs and operations of the CPA
To provide for independent and objective leadership and coordination of, and
recommendations on, policies designed to promote economy, efficiency, and

- effectiveness in the administration of CPA programs and operatmns

To prevent and detect fraud, waste and abuse in such programs and operations
To report to the Congress on the use of appropriated funds in the reconstruction 7
and rehabilitation of Iraq
To report to the Congress on contracting processes and controls

Statutory Duties
The statutory duties of the CPA-IG containedinPublic Law 108-106 and the Inspector
General Act of 1978 are as follows.

Provide for the independent and objective leadership and coordination of, and
recommendations on, policies designed to promote economy, efficiency, and
effectiveness m the management of CPMraq reconstruction programs and
supporting operations
Prevent and detect fraud, waste and abuse
Conduct, supervise, and coordinate audits and investigations relating to the
treatment, handling, and expenditure of appropriated funds by the CPA or its
s o r entines on Iraq reconstruction, and of the programs, operations, and
contracts carried out in utilizing such funds
Review existing and proposed legislation and regulations and make appropriate
recommendations
 Maintain effective working relationships with other Federal, State, and local
governmental agencies, and nongovernmental organizations, (NGO) regarding
:he mandated duties of the Inspector General
Inform the Administrator of the CPA and its successor entities and Congress of
significant problems, abuses, and deficiencies and follow the progress of
corrective actions and implementation measures
Comply with the audit standards of the Comptroller General; avoid duplication
of General Accounting Office (GAO) activities
Report violations of law to the U.S. Attorney General and report on the
prosecutions and convictions that have resulted

Term
Under Public Law 108-106, the CPA Inspector General ceases to exist "6 months after
the authorities and duties of the Coalition Provisional Authority cease to exist."
Further details regarding the status of the CPA-IG will become known when the
Department of Defense and the Department of State transition plans are finalized
 Activities of the CPA-IG

Overview
Public Law 108-106 requires a summary of the activities of the CPA Inspector General's
Office This section outlines those activities for this quarterly report, and it provides an
overview of the work to come. The subsections are arranged in the following manner.

CPA-1G Strategic Plan

CPA-IG Organization

. CPA-IG Chronology
CPA-IG Coordination Plan
CPA-1G Audit Plan
CPA-IG Deployment

The activities presented are iterative m nature As input is gathered from key
stakeholders, including other Inspectors General and audit agencies, the approach will
be refined for future reports

CPA-1G Strategic Plan Overview

The CPA-IG drafted a Strategic Planin January 2004 based on the mandates provided
under Public Law 108-106, and 11was updated in March 2004. The plan continues 10
evolve and will be reviewed and updated further as necessary The Strategic Plan
provides the foundation for the CPA-IG's work efforts. The following is a graphic
representation of the CPA-IG's strategic approach:

Figure 2: CPA-IG Strategic Approach

Since its inception a little more than two months ago, the CPA-IG has focused on the
collection of information through data requests and interviews with key stakeholders
A preliminary evaluation and analysis was conducted of that information. followed by
a pnontization of initiatives As a result, inspectors, investigators, and auditors have
been deployed to begin work on areas considered high priority. The CPA-IG's ongomg
t i t i include initial assessments, a compilation of lessons learned, potential
process improvements for the CPA, and the pursuit of investigations.

The focus of the CPA-IG's strategic approach seeks to:

Leverage information, investigations, assessments, and audits completed and

planned by other organizations
Build the collaborative and coordinating role of the CPA-IG to improve
communication, enhance understanding, and avoid duplication of effort
Provide a single collection point for information to allow interagency,
intergovernmental, multijurisdictional coordination
Leverage human resources of other Inspectors General and investigative
bodies to reduce the amount of preparation time necessary to prepare audits,
investigations, and inspections 10
Focus and prioritize key areas that require investigation
Open channels of discussion and invite input through the new CPA-IG Web
s t and the fraud and abuse hotlmes
Develop policies that will solicit input to help CPA-IG identify and investigate
alleged wrongdoing
Consider the inclusion of Industry/DoD/Department of State best practices
and consensus standards into process and execution improvements
Performance Criteria
The CPA-IG will prioritize goals and evaluate performance against the following cnleria'

Risk Mitigation

.-
Identify problems, relative risks, and the potential to mitigate the risks in two key areas
Financial Risk
Mission Risk

Improved Execution
Financial process Improvement evaluation
Evaluation of major management challenges as a result of improved financial
efficiency or savings
Acquisition and logistics process improvements

Critical Path
Prioritize findingsand recommendations t o meet schedule and financial targets
Sequence actions and items to ensure logical implementation

Transparency
Ensure the openness and reliability of CPA-IG processes

Figure 3: Performance Criteria

Metrics
The following are the preliminary baseline metrics, developed by the CPA-IG 1.0
measure performance

- Identified cost irregularities

. Dollars saved through cost avoidance

m

. Number of risks identified and reported

umber of communic~tion~recomm~ndat~on~direclives
percentage resulting m decisions implemented
issued and

. Number of investigations initiated

Amount of recovered funds identified as fraud, waste, or abuse
Number of best practices and lessons learned identified and percentage

. implemented
Responsiveness to public and stakeholders
Timeliness of products
Performance and peer reviews
Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA)
The CPA-IG Strategic Plan integrates the requirements of the Government Performance
and Results Act (GPRA) of 1993 (Public Law 103-62). In addition, it takes into account
the President's Management Agenda @MA) recommendations to shift the strategic
focus from conducting compliance reviews to evaluating management control systems
and to conductmg reviews with line management.

N e x t Steps
The CPA-IG will post a summary of the Strategic Plan on the CPA-1G Web site and will
provide updates to ensure transparency in the progress of work Peer review and
collaboration is also an important component that the CPA-IG will use to ensure effi-
ctency The CPA-IG will work closely wnh fellow Inspectors General to ensure that the
respective organizations benefit from their combined experience and lessons learned,

CPA-IG Organization

The stand-up of the CPA-IG office began on January 21, 2004, with a staff of two. As
of March 30, 2004, CPA-IG reached a staffing level of 58 persons with 40 assigned in
Washington, D.C., and 18 deployed to Baghdad. The CPA-lG has acqui~edthe con.
tractual services of an auditing and accounting firm to supplement staff efforts

Below is a chart illustrating the organization of the CPA-IG Office.

CPA Insnector General's Office

F i e 4: CPA-IG Organization Chart