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Availability: VSAT services can be deployed anywhere having a clear view of the Clarke
Belt
Diversity: VSAT provides a wireless link completely independent of the local
terrestrial/wire line infrastructure - especially important for backup or disaster recovery
services
Deployability: VSAT services can be deployed in hours or even minutes (with auto-
acquisition antennas)
Homogeneity: VSAT enables customers to get the same speeds and service level
agreements at all locations across their entire network regardless of location
Acceleration: Most modern VSAT systems use onboard acceleration of protocols such
as TCP ("spoofing" of acknowledgement packets) and HTTP (pre-fetching of recognized
HTTP objects); this delivers high-quality Internet performance regardless of latency (see
below)
Multicast: Most current VSAT systems use a broadcast download scheme (such
as DVB-S) which enables them to deliver the same content to tens or thousands of locations
simultaneously at no additional cost
Security: Corporate-grade VSAT networks are private layer-2 networks over the air
Disadvantages
Latency: Since they relay signals off a satellite in geosynchronous orbit 36,000 km
(22,300 miles) above the Earth, VSAT links are subject to a minimum latency of
approximately 500 milliseconds round-trip. This makes them a poor choice for "chatty"
protocols or applications such as online gaming
Encryption: The acceleration schemes used by most VSAT systems rely upon the ability
to see a packet's source/destination and contents; packets encrypted via VPN defeat this
acceleration and perform slower than other network traffic
Environmental concerns: VSATs are subject to signal attenuation due to weather
("Rain Fade"); the effect is typically far less than that experienced by one-way TV systems
(such as DirecTV, DISH Network or British Sky Broadcasting) that use smaller dishes, but is
still a function of antenna size and transmitter power and frequency band
Installation: VSAT services require an outdoor antenna installation with a clear view of
the sky (southern sky if the location is in the northern hemisphere or northern sky if the
location is in the southern hemisphere); this makes installation in skyscraper urban
environments or locations where a customer does not have "roof rights" problematic
Future applications
FSS satellite systems currently in orbit have a huge capacity with a relatively low price structure.
FSS satellite systems provide various applications for subscribers,
including: telephony, fax, television, high speed data communication services, Internet access,
Satellite News Gathering (SNG), Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) and others. These systems
are applicable for providing various high-quality services because they create efficient
communication systems, both for residential and business users.
COMPONENTS OF VSAT
• The IDU (In-Door Unit) is a satellite modem which converts IP signals into
radio signals.
• The ODU (Out-Door Unit) consists of Dish antenna, up converter, and
amplifier.