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a) What is your research topic which you selected for the course of BRM: How you were
collecting data and what were your research variables. Please develop schematic research
b) Please develop research questions which you were developing for your research work.
Ans.01.a)
Topic
Investigation about market conditions which directly effect on behavior of fund investor;
behavior in the hedge fund industry, especially the volatility in the up and down markets as
We required to construct a novel data set for both primary and secondary sectors of money
market, here we referring primary data as stock markets and secondary data as mutual funds and
securities companies. Data shall be collect through following data collection techniques.
Interviews
Since, Interviews are somewhat similar to surveys, and like sometimes they may have the same
questions used. Further, Such method usually gives the researcher, detailed information about
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the perspective or opinions from its subject. It is important to note that, carrying out interviews
with subject matter experts can also give important information critical to some businesses.
Focus groups
We shall use this strategy to focus companies of particular area for which we will move towards
our research as Focus groups are a set of individuals selected specifically to understand their
opinions and behaviors. It is usually a small set of a group that is selected keeping in mind, the
parameters for their target market audience to discuss a particular product or service. Such a
method enables a researcher with a larger sample than the interview or a case study while taking
Questioner developing
Given below is the schematic research model for For carrying out our research.
Reason to collection data from Government Statistical department to establish between investors
and existing market position using country economy performance indicator. This data will be
S. No Variable
3 Import Bill
4 Live Stock
Required Data from prime money market funds For Three Years
S. No Variable
1 Institutional share
2 Adviser's share
3 Fee waivers
5 Individual Investment
6 Gross Yield
7 Net Yield
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S. No Variable
1 Amount Invested
2 Types of Investment
4 Net Gain
In order to receive the data through questionnaire and interviews there may be some ambiguity in
data; therefore to bring the data in uniform following type of cleaning shall be required.
No
i.e. in Range
3 Data written in words i.e. Transforming such type of data in uniform unit
$15,000
After preprocessing and data cleaning following tools shall be applied to retrieve the different
❖ ARIMA (Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Averages) Model – (To predict that
Ans.01.b)
Research questions
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Our research questions will be based on variables mentioned in data collection section. Given
1. What are the reasons / factors due to stock market movement seem unpredictable?
2. How a relations can be established between investors and existing market position using
3. How a safe and secure investment process can be approach to produce attractive situation
for investors which cause growth of relevant sectors i.e. stock market, mutual funds,
securities etc.
Ans.01.c)
Research Hypothesis
Our research hypothesis is to finding a favorable / attractive situation for investors and side by
side collecting evidence through which reasons could be revealing due to stock market
The basic structure of our setting involvesthree players: fund managers, fund owners, and outside
fund investors. For simplicity, weassume that fund managers and fund owners have the same
objective functions, possiblybecause the owner puts the manager on an optimal incentive
scheme. Our model thereforefocuses on the interaction between owners and investors. We
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further add an outside parameter which is related to the economy condition being present by
statistical division of country. We compare two organizational forms in which owners of money
At time 1, funds decide whether to invest in high-risk or low-risk instruments. We assume that
assume that returns capture both the yield on asset holdingsand the ow-performance relationship,
At time 2, funds survive with probability (1pr) or default with probability pr, where
We assume that risk taking increases theprobability of default, i.e. pH > pL. If a fund survives,
the owner pays out the returnto the fund's investors and keeps a management fee proportional to
the fund's size whichrepresents the owner's compensation. The owner also maintains the
franchise value of per dollar invested. If the fund defaults, the fund's investors su_er an equal
loss, _,which represents credit losses and losses from _re-sale liquidation. We assume the loss_
is distributed uniformly on the interval [0,_r], where the maximum loss _r increases inrisk, i.e.
_H > _L.4 The owner then has a choice whether to provide support to a fundby covering the loss,
_. The bene_t of covering losses is that the owner maintains thefranchise value, .
We now compare the two organizational forms in terms of their risk taking. We solve
the model backwards. We _rst analyze funds owned by stand-alone investment companies.Since
stand-alone companies have no resources to support funds in distress, the probabilitythat they
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would cover fund losses at time 2 is zero. The funds choose their desired levelsof risk by
a) Please develop background and introduction for the topic on which you were work from
at least three references for each section and develop the bibliography in APA format.
b) Please develop research significance, scope and limitations for the work you were
carrying for your research and develop list of bibliographic references where applicable
and possible
c) Please provide theoretical framework with in-text citations and bibliographic references
Ans.02.a)
Background
The financial system or the financial sector of any country consists of specialized and non-
instruments and services which facilitate transfer of funds and off course the flow or circulation
of funds are mainly contribute the economic development of a country or nation that usually
being reflected by the progress of the various economic segments, largely catheterized /
classified into corporate sector, investment market (being operated by both local and foreign
investors) government and household sector. While performing their activities, these units are in
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a surplus /deficit/ balanced budgetary situations. There are areas or people with surplus funds or
with a deficit. A financial system or financial sector functions as an intermediary and facilitates
the flow of funds from the areas of surplus to the areas of deficit [1]. The word ‘system’, in the
term ‘financial system’, implies a set of complex and closely connected or interlinked
institutions, agents, practices, markets, transactions, claims, and liabilities in the economy. The
financial system is concerned about money, credit and finance. Money refers to the current
normally with interest. Finance is monetary resources comprising debt and ownership funds of
the state, company or person. Economic growth implies a long-term rise in per capita national
output. The basic conditions determining the rate of growth are three- ‘Effort’, ‘Capital’ and
‘Knowledge’ [2]. Around all above avoiding the surplus deficit, and mitigating risk for investors
indicator that could show health of country economy epically relevant part where investors
looking for or showing their will of investment. For the purpose it is further required an
investigation about market conditions which directly effect on behavior of fund investor behavior
in the hedge fund industry, especially the volatility in the up and down markets as referred above
Introduction
Money markets play key role / contribution in the economy of country and its directly being
affected with the up and down of country economy vice versa. Investors approach to the different
sectors of money market for investment and off course they want to seek safe forum for their
and facilitates the flow of funds from the areas of surplus to the areas of deficit [1]. The basic
conditions determining the rate of growth are three- ‘Effort’, ‘Capital’ and ‘Knowledge’ [2].
Around all above avoiding the surplus deficit, and mitigating risk for investors by making
investment market predictable in term of reflecting some economy performance indicator that
could show health of country economy epically relevant part where investors looking for or
showing their will of investment. For the purpose it is further required an investigation about
market conditions which directly effect on behavior of fund investor behavior in the hedge fund
industry, especially the volatility in the up and down markets as referred above as risk for
investor. We shall work to devise a framework after following that will ensure the investor that
his/her investment shall remain safe. To proceed with our work we shall collect the data from
different companies of money market and individuals (investors) who invest their money in
stock market / mutual funds, or securities / bonds. Side by side we will collect the data from
companies and ask them that in which circumstances they decided that which sector become safe
for investment.
Ans.02.b)
Research Significances
In order to invest the money in stock market, mutual funds, securities, and bonds, every one
like an option of safe investment and seeks the options which makes sure that his/her
investment shall remain secure; for those people our research will be helpful and will works
as decision tool. In addition to this securities companies, fund companies (money market)
could use our research as a tool to retain the investors and on behalf of our research /
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proposed procedure companies will be enable to present clear picture before the investors
that market condition will remain stable and which sector is safe for investment.
Scope& Limitation
Our research shall covers only money markets for investment i.e. stock market, mutual fund,
securities and will predict that at real time investment shall remain safe or not. This research
will not be related to any sort of decision about country economy, establishing of new
business or else. Further anything that is not included in this scope will be considered as out
of scope.
Ans.02.c)
Theoretical Framework
deviation
6. Deciding that which statistical technique should be applied on the basis of available
7. Analysis of Data through Time Series Analysis Techniques. For this purpose we shall
apply ARIMA (Auto Regressive Moving Averages) Model, Which will be used for
Inclusion Of Variables
S. No Variable
3 Import Bill
4 Live Stock
S. No Variable
1 Institutional share
2 Adviser's share
3 Fee waivers
5 Individual Investment
6 Gross Yield
7 Net Yield
S. No Variable
1 Amount Invested
2 Types of Investment
4 Net Gain
Exclusion Of Variables
Not Applicable
a) Develop Literature review for the study through discussing linkage of variable through
CREAWR rule and mark proper in-text citations and bibliographic references.
b) Develop research methodology for your research through indicating research philosophy,
c) Discuss the way through which you will collect data for conducting research i.e. from
Ans.03.a.
Literature review
How investors allocate their assets to form portfolio according to risk, especially the risk in the
up anddown markets, is one of the topics under debate. On the one hand, practitioners use Roy’s
(1952) safetyfirst principle to argue that investors only care about downside volatility [3]. On the
other hand, academicresearchers claim that the risk is important in both up and down markets.
Although Ang, Chen, and Xing(2006) have provided evidence to show that investors require a
higher return to hold stocks withhigh downside beta than stocks with low downside beta, it is
still not clear whether investors are onlyconcerned about the downside volatility [7]. It is
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possible that upside volatility also influences investors’decision making. In this study, we
separate market conditions into up, down, quiet, and volatile markets,and their combinations to
investigate how market conditions affect fund investor behavior in the hedgefund industry.2 If
upside volatility has no effect on investment behaviors, investors will have the sameinvestment
strategies across all market conditions except the down-volatile market; otherwise, investors
may show different behaviors between volatile and quiet markets, and probably between up-
impact on investors’ abilityto identify outperforming hedge funds and hedge funds’ performance
upside and downside volatilities.Studying the relation between hedge fund flows and market
conditions allows for betterunderstanding about investor’s behavior and attitude toward risk at
the market level. During the 2008financial crisis, most hedge fund investors fled out of the
industry regardless of the fund performance.This seems to support Roy’s principle that investors
care about downside volatility and prefer safety first.As Kelly (1997) documents, investors’
wealth is positively correlated with the probability of being smartmoney and negatively
associated with the probability of being a noise trader [5]. Hedge fund investors aregenerally
considered the most sophisticated investors on the market and possibly better informed, partly
due to the unique characteristics of hedge fund investors.4 In addition, they are likely equipped
withsound financial knowledge[1]. Thus, it is reasonable to assume that hedge fund investors are
not noise traders. Iffund investors have certain preferences over market risk, their investment
decisions will vary with marketvolatility [3]. Docking and Koch (2005) show that market
direction and volatility affect how investors respond todividend change announcements.
Avramova et al. (2011) suggest that hedge fund investors will benefit byincorporating
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performance under each market condition also provides some insights into the debate [4]. Asone
of the most sophisticated investment advisors, hedge fund managers possess the freedom of
adoptingflexible investment strategies[6]. As a result, they can adjust fund betas more easily than
their mutual fundpeers, especially during volatile markets, thus producing better risk-adjusted
returns for fund investors.However, hedge fund managers are unable to deal with volatility to
provide reliable risk-adjustedReturns [5]. Some studies have documented that hedge fund
Ans.03.b.
Research methodology
deviation
6. Deciding that which statistical technique should be applied on the basis of available
7. Analysis of Data through Time Series Analysis Techniques. For this purpose we shall
apply ARIMA (Auto Regressive Moving Averages) Model, Which will be used for
Ans.03.c.
✓ Interviews
✓ Focus Group
✓ Questionnaire
a) How you avoid unethical practices i.e. Fabrication, Falsification and Plagiarism in the
process of research discuss the parameters you have taken to conduct research ethically.
b) What are the issues you faced in writing report please discuss briefly
c) Please notify the role of BRM in the development of students from the area of
Ans.04.a.
Avoidance of Plagiarism
We shall present the words, data, or ideas of others with the implication with reference. This
word copying beyond a short phrase or six or seven words of someone else's text, that section
will be enclosed in quotation marks or indented and referenced, at the location in the manuscript
of the copied material, to the original source. The work of others even if he or she had been a
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co-author or editor of the work shall be cited or had been an adviser or student of the author of
such work. The oral presentation, or material on a website. Each journal or publisher shall be
specify the particular form of appropriate citation. One need not provide citations, however, in
the case of well-established concepts that will be found in common textbooks or in the case of
Text Recycling
We shall gain the benefits of the limited reuse of textual material from methods sections. Since,
substantial text recycling of most other parts of a typical journal article and particularly when
carried out by native writers of English, suggest a certain degree of scholarly laziness. At worst,
these practices, particularly when they involve the presentation of previously published data that
is presented as new data, can result in serious consequences to the scholarly and scientific
literature.
Since Fabrication and falsification of research results are serious forms of misconduct therefore
our primary responsibility as a researcher will be to avoid either a false statement or an omission
that distorts the research record. We shall must not report anticipated research results that had not
yet been observed at the time of submission of the report. In order to preserve accurate
documentation of observed facts with which later reports or conclusions can be compared, have
We shall perform with the relevant quantitative methods available for processing data, including
graphical and tabular methods of presentation, error analysis, and tests for reliability. Because
research integrity requires not only that reported conclusions are based on accurately recorded
Ans.04.b.
Although a huge collection of articles were available on different business forums and sites but it
was really a hard task to filter the article that is closed to our research topic and our required
research outcome.
Since real data was not available therefore it is difficult to decide the variable inventory, for the
purpose we analyzed different data about money market and decided the variables.
Development of Methodology
Due to unavailability of dataset it had become to develop the methodology but on the basis of
Ans.04.c.
BRM plays very essential role for the development of student from management sciences. After
studying BRM students become able to think about problem and finding solutions or we can say
that BRM grooms the students and enable them to finding facts and figures for any problem
related to field of management sciences Business research is one of the most effective ways to
understand customers, the market and competitors. Such research helps companies to understand
the demand and supply of the market. Using such research will help businesses reduce costs, and
create solutions or products that are targeted to the demand in the market and the correct
audience. In-house business research can enable senior management to build an effective team or
train or mentor when needed. Business research enables the company to track its competitors and
hence can give you the upper hand to stay ahead of them. Failures can be avoided by conducting
such research as it can give the researcher an idea if the time is right to launch its
product/solution and also if the audience is right. It will help understand the brand value and
measure customer satisfaction which is essential to continuously innovate and meet customer
demands. This will help the company grow its revenue and market share. Business research also
helps recruit ideal candidates for various roles in the company. By conducting such research a
company can carry out a SWOT analysis, i.e. understand the strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities, and threats. With the help of this information, wise decisions can be made to
Business research is the first step that any business owner needs to set up his business, to survive
or to excel in the market. The main reason why such research is of utmost importance is that it
helps businesses to grow in terms of revenue, market share and brand value.
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✓ It helps identify problems and using this information, wise decisions can be made to
✓ It helps to understand customers better and hence can be useful to communicate better
✓ Financial outcomes and investments that will be needed can be planned effectively using
business research.
✓ Business research can enable a company to make wise decisions as to where to spend and
how much.
✓ Business research can enable a company to stay up-to-date with the market and its trends
✓ Business research can sometimes give you inaccurate information, because of a biased
✓ Business research results can quickly become obsolete because of the fast-changing
markets.
Given below is the short detail of practical implications / scope of BRM students from area
of management science.
determine whether a company can succeed in a new region, to understand their competitors, or to
simply select a marketing approach for a product. This research can be carried out using
Quantitative research methods are research methods that deal with numbers. It is a systematic
methods usually start with data collection and then proceed to statistical analysis using various
methods. The following are some of the research methods used to carry out business research.
Survey research
Survey research is one of the most widely used methods to gather data especially for conducting
business research. Surveys involve asking various survey questions to a set of audiences through
various types like online polls, online surveys, questionnaires, etc. Nowadays, most of the major
corporations use this method to gather data and use it to understand the market and make
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appropriate business decisions. Various types of surveys like cross-sectional surveys which are
needed to collect data from a set of audience at a given point of time or longitudinal surveys
which are needed to collect data from a set of audience across various time duration in order
understand changes in the respondents’ behavior are used to conduct survey research. With the
advancement in technology, now surveys can be sent online through email or social media.
For example: A company wants to know the NPS score for their website i.e. how satisfied are
people who are visiting their website. An increase in traffic to their website or the audience
spending more time on a website can result in higher rankings on search engines which will
enable the company to get more leads as well as increase its visibility. Hence, the company can
ask people who visit their website with a few questions through an online survey to understand
their opinions or gain feedback and hence make appropriate changes to the website to increase
satisfaction.
Correlational research
Correlational research is conducted to understand the relationship between two entities and what
impact each one of them has on the other. Using mathematical analysis methods, correlational
research enables the researcher to correlate two or more variables. Such research can help
understand patterns, relationships, trends, etc. Manipulation of one variable is possible to get the
desired results as well. Generally, a conclusion cannot be drawn only on the basis of
correlational research.
For example: A research can be conducted to understand the relationship between colors and
gender-based audiences. Using such research and identifying the target audience, a company can
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choose the production of particular color products to be released in the market. This can enable
the company to understand the supply and demand requirements of its products.
Causal-Comparative research
research, it involves establishing an independent variable and analyzing the effects on the
dependent variable. In such research, manipulation is not done; however, changes are observed
on the variables or groups under the influence of the same changes. Drawing conclusions
through such research is a little tricky as independent and dependent variables will always exist
in a group, hence all other parameters have to be taken into consideration before drawing any
For example: A research can be conducted to analyze the effect of good educational facilities in
rural areas. Such a study can be done to analyze the changes in the group of people from the rural
areas when they are provided with good educational facilities and before that, Another example
can be to analyze the effect of having dams and how it will affect the farmers or production of
Experimental research
Experimental research is based on trying to prove a theory. Such research may be useful in
business research as it can let the product company know some behavioral traits of its
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consumers, which can lead to more revenue. In this method, an experiment is carried out on a set
of audiences to observe and later analyze their behavior when impacted with certain parameters.
For example: Experimental research was conducted recently to understand if particular colors
have an effect on its consumers’ hunger. A set of the audience was then exposed to those
particular colors while they were eating and the subjects were observed. It was seen that certain
colors like red or yellow increase hunger. Hence, such research was a boon to the hospitality
industry. You can see many food chains like Mcdonalds, KFC, etc. using such colors in their
Another example of inferences drawn from experimental research, which is used widely by most
bars/pubs across the world is that loud music makes a person drink more in less time. This was
proven through experimental research and was a key finding for many business owners across
the globe.
Literature research is one of the oldest methods available. It is very economical and a lot of
information can be gathered using such research. Online research or literature research involves
gathering information from existing documents and studies which can be available at Libraries,
annual reports, etc. Nowadays, with the advancement in technology, such research has become
even more simple and accessible to everyone. An individual can directly research online for any
information that is needed, which will give him in-depth information about the topic or the
organization. Such research is used mostly by marketing and salespeople in the business sector to
understand the market or their customers. Such research is carried out using existing information
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that is available from various sources, although care has to be taken to validate the sources from
For example: A salesperson has heard a particular firm is looking for some solution which their
company provides. Hence, the salesperson will first search for a decision maker from the
company, investigate what department he is from and understand what the target company is
looking for and what are they into. Using this research he can cater his solution to be spot on
when he pitches it to this client. He can also reach out to the customer directly by finding a mean
Qualitative research is a method that has a high importance in business research. Qualitative
Such research enables the researcher to not only understand what the audience thinks but also
why he thinks it. In such research, in-depth information can be gathered from the subjects
depending on their responses. There are various types of qualitative research methods such as
interviews, focus groups, ethnographic research, content analysis, case study research that are
widely used. Such methods are of very high importance in business research as it enables the
researcher to understand the consumer. What motivates the consumer to buy and what does not is
what will lead to higher sales and that is the prime objective for any business.
a) Make your own analysis regarding the market response of your study that what could be
found through this research. Please discuss in detail and quote necessary questions and
Ans.05.a.
Since every one like safe investment and seeks the options which makes sure that his/her
investment shall remain secure; for those people our research will be helpful. In addition to
this securities companies, fund companies (money market) could use our research as a tool to
retain the investors and on behalf of our research / proposed procedure companies will be
enable to present clear picture before the investors that market condition will remain stable
References.
[1]. Ding, Bill, Mila Getmansky, Bing Liang, and Russ Wermers, (2009). Share restrictions and
[2]. Ang, Andrew, Joseph Chen, and Yuhang Xing, (2006). Downside Risk, Review of
[3]. Deutsche Bank Research (February14, 2007): India’s Capital Markets – Unlocking the
[4]. Bhole L.M. (2003), “Financial Institutions and Markets”, Tata McGraw-Hill.
[5]. Subramanyan Pratap G. (2008), “Investment Banking-Concepts, Analyses and cases”, Tata
[6]. Madhusoodan T.P.(1997), “Risk and Return: A New Look at the Indian Stock Market”,
[7]. Subramanyan Pratap G. (2008), “Investment Banking-Concepts, Analyses and cases”, Tata