Вправа 1.

Змінити порядок членів речення у реченні для утворення інверсії

починаючи з готової конструкції.

For example: We had hardly arrived when Julie burst into the house.
→ Hardly (Ледь) had we arrived when Julie burst into the house.

1. You come to realise the significance of the murder only in the last few pages of the book.
Only in the last __________________________________________________________
2. The demands of her job are such that she is rarely able to take a holiday.
Such __________________________________________________________________
3. The matter could be explained in no other way.
In ____________________________________________________________________
4. I have seldom heard such beautiful singing.
Seldom ________________________________________________________________
5. Peter didn't realize that he had lost his keys until he got home.
Not ___________________________________________________________________
6. If Mr Chan had been kinder to his employees, his business would not have collapsed.
______________________________________________________________________
7. If an emergency should arise, dial 999.
______________________________________________________________________
8. There are no circumstances where audience members may consume alcohol.
Under no circumstances _________________________________________________
9. They started to argue soon after they had got married.
No sooner _____________________________________________________________
10. You can't use my new car at any time.
At no time _____________________________________________________________
11. The gang didn't know that the police had them under surveillance.
Little ____________________________________________________________
12. We won't consider you for the basketball team until you grow up.
Not until _________________________________________________________
13. Nobody has won so many matches for his team since 1994.
Not since ________________________________________________________
14. You will not be allowed to enter the auditorium under any circumstances once the play
has started.
Under no circumstances ____________________________________________
15. He would never play in front of a live audience again.
Never ___________________________________________________________
16. Amy had not enjoyed herself so much since she went to the circus as a child.
Not since ________________________________________________________
17. I have never seen such a terrible performance of Hamlet before.
Never before _____________________________________________________
18. They only realized the painting had been hung upside down when someone complained
at reception.
Only when _______________________________________________________
19. I had been in the room for a few minutes when I realized that everyone was staring at me.
Only after ________________________________________________________
 20. He discovered that he had injured his knee when he tried to run.
Only when _______________________________________________________
21. The new park was hardly finished when vandals destroyed the flowerbeds.
Hardly __________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
22. You shouldn't sign a contract you haven't read thoroughly under any circumstances.
Under no circumstances ____________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Вправа 2. Змінити порядок членів речення у реченні для утворення інверсії.

1. John had never been to such a fantastic restaurant.

________________________________________________________________________
2. I in no way want to be associated with this project.
________________________________________________________________________
3. They had no sooner eaten dinner than the ceiling crashed onto the dining table.
________________________________________________________________________
4. I had scarcely finished writing my essay when the examiner announced the end of the exam.
________________________________________________________________________
5. I seldom leave my house so early.
________________________________________________________________________
6. People rarely appreciate this musician’s talent.
________________________________________________________________________
7. We would understand what had happened that night only later.
________________________________________________________________________
8. They had met such rude people nowhere before.
________________________________________________________________________
9. He understood little about the situation.
________________________________________________________________________
10. The children should on no account go on their own.
________________________________________________________________________

Вправа 3. Повторити граматику на Conditionals (0, I, II,III).

0 Conditional

 Used to state general truths, facts, or habits.

1st Conditional

 Used to predict future probabilities. The speaker believes the event is likely and a real
possibility.

2nd Conditional

 Used for unlikely or impossible events in the future: If I met an alien, I would ask many
questions.
  Used for situations that are not true now (Counterfactual): If I weren’t here, I would be at
home sleeping.

3rd Conditional

 Used for Past Counterfactuals. If WWII had not happened, … .

 Often used to express regret or mistakes: If you had told me to bring an umbrella, I
would have brought one.

Mixed Conditional

 IF clause uses 3rd conditional; result clause uses the 2nd If I hadn’t eaten it, my stomach
wouldn’t be upset.
 Less common: IF clause uses 2nd conditional; result clause uses 3rd conditional: If he were
smart, he would have applied.

Вправа 4. Обрати I, II,III умовний спосіб.

1. (First conditional) If we __________________ (not / work) harder, we __________________

(not pass) the exam.
2. (Third conditional) If the students __________________ (not be) late for the exam, they
__________________ (pass).
3. (Third conditional) If the weather __________________ (not be) so cold, we
__________________ (go) to the beach.
4. (Second conditional) If she __________________ (have) her laptop with her, she
__________________ (email) me.
5. (First conditional) If she __________________ (not go) to the meeting, I
__________________ (not go) either.
6. (Third conditional) If the baby __________________ (sleep) better last night, I
__________________ (not be) so tired.
7. (First conditional) If the teacher __________________ (give) us lots of homework this
weekend, I __________________ (not be) happy.
8. (Second conditional) If Lucy __________________ (have) enough time, she
__________________ (travel) more.
9. (First conditional) If the children __________________ (not eat) soon, they
__________________ (be) grumpy.
10. (First conditional) If I __________________ (not go) to bed soon, I __________________
(be) tired in the morning.
11. (Second conditional) If I __________________ (want) a new car, I __________________
(buy) one.
12. (Second conditional) If José __________________ (not speak) good French, he
__________________ (not move) to Paris.
13. (First conditional) If John __________________ (drink) too much coffee, he
__________________ (get) ill.
14. (Third conditional) If we __________________ (tidy) our flat, we __________________
(not lose) our keys.
15. (Third conditional) If Luke __________________ (not send) flowers to his mother, she
__________________ (not be) happy.
16. (Second conditional) If the children __________________ (be) in bed, I
__________________ (be able to) have a bath.
17. (Second conditional) If you __________________ (not be) so stubborn, we
__________________ (not have) so many arguments!
18. (Third conditional) If Julie __________________ (not go) to Sweden, she
__________________ (go) to Germany.
19. (First conditional) If she __________________ (go) to the library, she __________________
(study) more.
20. (Third conditional) If we __________________ (not have) an argument, we
__________________ (not be) late.
21. (Second conditional) If you __________________ (arrive) early, it __________________
(be) less stressful.
22. (Third conditional) If I __________________ (not go) to the party, I __________________
(not meet) Amanda.
23. (Second conditional) If Julie __________________ (like) chocolate, I __________________
(give) her some.
24. (Second conditional) If Luke __________________ (live) in the UK, I
__________________ (see) him more often.
25. (Third conditional) If the children __________________ (not eat) all that chocolate, they
__________________ (feel) sick.
26. (First conditional) If they __________________ (not / arrive) soon, we
__________________ (be) late.
27. (Third conditional) If she __________________ (study) Siam language, she
__________________ (go) to Bangkok.
28. (Second conditional) If we __________________ (not be) so tired, we __________________
(go) out.
29. (First conditional) If you __________________ (buy) the present, I __________________
(wrap) it up.
30. (First conditional) If Lucy __________________ (not quit) her job soon, she
__________________ (go) crazy.

Вправа 5. Зробити Task 5, Task 6 (multiple choice) в файлах Alena_ZNO_7; 8. Вони

корисні.
Вправа 6. Прочитати правила та поставити артикль у правильній формі.

Rule #1 - Specific identity not known: Use the indefinite article a or an only with a

singular count noun whose specific identity is not known to the reader. Use a before nouns
that begin with a consonant sound, and use an before nouns that begin with a vowel sound.

 Use the article a or an to indicate any non-specified member of a group or category.

I think an animal is in the garage
That man is a scoundrel.
We are looking for an apartment.

 Use the article a or an to indicate one in number (as opposed to more than one).
I own a  cat and two dogs.

 Use the article a before a consonant sound, and use an before a vowel sound.

a boy, an apple

◊ Sometimes an adjective comes between the article and noun:

an unhappy boy, a red apple

 The plural form of a or an is some. Use some to indicate an unspecified, limited amount

(but more than one).
an apple, some apples

Rule #2 - Specific identity known: Use the definite article the with any noun

(whether singular or plural, count or noncount) when the specific identity of the noun is
known to the reader, as in the following situations:

 Use the article the when a particular noun has already been mentioned previously.
I ate  an apple yesterday. The apple was juicy and delicious.

 Use the article the when an adjective, phrase, or clause describing the noun clarifies or
restricts its identity.
The  boy sitting next to me raised his hand.
Thank you for the advice you gave me.

 Use the article the when the noun refers to something or someone that is unique.
the  theory of relativity
the  2003 federal budget

Rule #3 - All things or things in general: Use no article with plural count nouns or

any noncount nouns used to mean all or in general.

Trees are beautiful in the fall. (All trees are beautiful in the fall.)
He was asking for advice. (He was asking for advice in general.)
I do not like coffee. (I do not like all coffee in general.)

Additional Information Regarding the Use of Articles

 When indicating an unspecified, limited amount of a count or noncount noun, use some.

My cousin was seeking some advice from a counselor (not advice in general or advice about
everything, but a limited amount of advice).
I would love some coffee right now (not coffee in general, but a limited amount of coffee).

We might get rain tomorrow. Some rain would be good for the crops (a certain amount of rain, as
opposed to rain in general).

There are some drops of water on the table (a limited number, but more than one drop).

 Noncount nouns are those which usually cannot be counted. Following are some
common examples:
◊ Certain food and drink items: bacon, beef, bread, broccoli, butter, cabbage, candy,
cauliflower, celery, cereal, cheese, chicken, chocolate, coffee, corn, cream, fish, flour, fruit, ice
cream, lettuce, meat, milk, oil, pasta, rice, salt, spinach, sugar, tea, water, wine, yogurt

◊ Certain nonfood substances: air, cement, coal, dirt, gasoline, gold, paper, petroleum, plastic,
rain, silver, snow, soap, steel, wood, wool

◊ Most abstract nouns: advice, anger, beauty, confidence, courage, employment, fun,

happiness, health, honesty, information, intelligence, knowledge, love, poverty, satisfaction,
truth, wealth

◊ Areas of study: history, math, biology, etc.

◊ Sports: soccer, football, baseball, hockey, etc.

◊ Languages: Chinese, Spanish, Russian, English, etc.

◊ Other: clothing, equipment, furniture, homework, jewelry, luggage, lumber, machinery, mail,
money, news, poetry, pollution, research, scenery, traffic, transportation, violence, weather, work

 Geographical names are confusing because some require the and some do not.
◊ Use the with: united countries, large regions, deserts, peninsulas, oceans, seas, gulfs, canals,
rivers, mountain ranges, groups of islands

the Gobi Desert

the United Arab Emirates
the Sacramento River
the Aleutians

◊ Do not use the with: streets, parks, cities, states, counties, most countries, continents, bays,
single lakes, single mountains, islands

Japan
Chico
Mt. Everest
San Francisco Bay
 Поставити артикль a, an, the або прочерк
1. Jake took out _________ bottle of beer from __________ fridge.
2. Emma looked at _______ letter she received from ______ company she wanted to join.
3. She is on _________ diet, so she ordered _________ low-calorie meal.
4. We are planning on having _________ wedding in _________ early fall, probably in
_________ September.
5. The plane was climbing up through _________ sky.
6. Winston Churchill was _________ Prime Minister who led England during _________ World
War II.
7. Our father ruled our family with _________ iron fist.
8. _________ Marmalade is usually made from _________ oranges.
9. She is currently driving at _________ enormous speed.
10.The TV show portrays the lives of _________ Royal Family.
11.She gave us _________ umbrella because it started to rain.
12.Carol’s father works as _________ electrician.
13.We left Rome and flew across _________ Alps to Munich.
14.Most _________ children like _________ sweets. 1
5.Have you got _________ idea about how we can solve _________ problem?
16.Our friends, the Millers, moved to _________ Netherlands last winter.
17.Our children go to _________ school by _________ bus.
18. She likes ______ Indian tea but she doesn’t like ______ tea that comes from Sri Lanka.
19.The two countries reached _________ peace after a long, disastrous war.
20.We needed _________ place to live whenever we were in London.
21.Over 20 people were buried by _________ avalanche last weekend.
22.She had laughing eyes and _________ very charming expression on her face.
23.We need to be at _________ airport in just over _________ hour.
24._________ Milk is rich in _________ nutrients.
25.Some people say _________ money is the most important thing in _________ life.