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1- When a solid is melting, the temperature remains constant even though heat is being supplied because
A- The heat is being used to break up the intermolecular bonds.
B-The solid is not absorbing any heat.
C-The molecules are moving faster.
D-The molecules are further apart.
2- Ice is taken from a freezer and left in a room. The ice melts and eventually the water reaches room
temperature. Which energy transfers take place?
energy transfer energy transfer after
during melting melting
A from ice to room from water to room
B from ice to room from room to water
C from room to ice from room to water
D from room to ice from water to room
???? / [May-2008]
How many of these changes, if any, would alter the rate at which evaporation occurs?
A0 B1 C2 D 3 [May-2008]
5- A swimmer climbs out of a swimming pool on a warm, dry day. Almost immediately he begins to feel
cold. Why is this?
A The water allows a convection current to remove heat from his skin.
B The water takes latent heat from his body in order to evaporate.
C The water on his skin is a good conductor of heat.
D The water prevents infra-red radiation from reaching his body. [May-2003]
8- Some of the more energetic molecules in a liquid leave the surface, leaving the rest of the liquid slightly
cooler. What is the name given to this process?
A – boiling B – condensation C – evaporation D – freezing [May-2006]
9- A substance consists of particles that are close together and moving past each other at random. The
average speed of the particles is gradually increasing. What best describes the substance?
A - boiling B – condensing
C - melting D – solidifying [Nov-2002]
11- Ice at –10 °C is heated at a constant rate until it is water at +10 ° C. Which graph shows how the
temperature changes with time? B
[May-2003]
PHYSICS O - LEVEL PAST PAPER QUESTIONS
TOPIC-9 Latent Heat
12- When a liquid changes into a gas at a constant temperature, the temperature is known as its
13- Given that the specific latent heat of vaporization of oxygen is 214 kJ kg-1, how much heat will be
absorbed when 3 kg of oxygen is boiled off at its boiling point?
A- 64 kJ B- 140 kJ C- 14 kJ D- 642 kJ
14- When ice melts to become water, which force must be overcome?
A the attraction between electrons and the nucleus
B the attraction between the atoms in a molecule
C the force between molecules
D the force of gravity [Nov-2002] / [Nov-2008]
15- The diagram shows a cross-section through a rain-water puddle formed in a shallow hole in a
road surface.
Over a period of time, air temperature, wind speed and wind direction remain constant.
What happens to the rate of evaporation of water from the puddle?
A It decreases, because the surface area decreases.
B It increases, because the puddle gets shallower.
C It increases, because the surface area decreases.
D It remains constant. [Nov-2004] / [Nov-2009]
16- What will not affect the rate of evaporation from the surface of a liquid?
A depth of the liquid B draughts above the surface of the liquid
C surface area of the liquid D temperature of the liquid [Nov-2005]
18- A substance consists of particles that are close together and moving past each other at random.
The average speed of the particles is gradually increasing. What best describes the substance?
A a gas being heated B a liquid being heated
C a solid being heated D a solid being melted [May-2006]
PHYSICS O - LEVEL PAST PAPER QUESTIONS
TOPIC-9 Latent Heat
19- Some ice cubes are taken from a deep-freeze and placed in a metal container. The container is heated at
a constant rate and readings of temperature and time are taken. The results are recorded on a graph.
Which temperature corresponds to 0 °C? C
[May-2006]
20- What conditions of temperature and surface area would produce the most rapid evaporation from
a pool of water on a road surface?
temperature surface area
A high large
B high small
C low large
D low small
[Nov-2006]
21-The energy required to change liquid water into water vapour at the same temperature is called
latent heat of vaporisation.
What does this energy do?
A increases the average separation of the water molecules
B increases the average speed of the water molecules
C raises the temperature of the air near the water
D splits the water molecules into their separate atoms [Nov-2006]
22- A 2 kW kettle containing boiling water is placed on a balance. It is left there and continues to boil
for 5 minutes. The balance reading changes by 0.2 kg.
What does this information give as a value for the specific latent heat of vaporisation of water?
A 2000 J / kg B 3000 J / kg C 50 000 J / kg D 3 000 000 J / kg [Nov-2006]
24- The liquid in a puddle evaporates and this causes its temperature to change. How does the temperature
of the liquid change and why?
change reason
A decreases less energetic molecules leave the liquid
B decreases more energetic molecules leave the liquid
C increases less energetic molecules leave the liquid
D increases more energetic molecules leave the liquid
[May-2010]
25- An ice-cube has a mass of 7.50g. The ice-cube is at 0°C.Heat from the surroundings reaches the ice-cube
at an average rate of 1.25 J/s. How long does it take for all of the ice to melt?
(specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 333 J/g)
A 35.5s B 55.5s C 2000s D 3120s [May-2010]
26- A hot liquid is poured into a beaker. The graph shows how its temperature changes as it cools towards
room temperature.
PAPER-2 Theory
Inside the pipes in the ice-box, a liquid boils and takes in latent heat.
The gas condenses in the pipes at the back of the refrigerator and
thermal energy (heat) leaves through the black metal fins.
(a)
(i) State one similarity and one difference between boiling and
evaporation.
(ii) Explain, in terms of the molecules involved, why latent heat
is needed to boil the liquid.
(b)
PHYSICS O - LEVEL PAST PAPER QUESTIONS
TOPIC-9 Latent Heat
(i) Explain how the ice box at the top of the refrigerator keeps the whole of the food compartment cool.
2- a) The table below describes the conditions of the molecules of a substance in each of the
three states of matter, solid, liquid and gas.
In the right-hand column, write the state of the substance that is described in the lefthand
column.
(b) (i) What is the state of matter just before a substance boils?
(ii) Describe what happens to the molecules during boiling.
(c) (i) What is the state of matter just before a substance melts?
(ii) Aluminium melts at 660 °C. At what temperature does it freeze?
(i) State what happens to the bar between t = 600 s and 1000 s.
(ii) Explain what effect the energy supplied to the bar has on its molecules between t = 0
and 1000 s.
(iii) The mass of the bar is 0.030 kg and the specific heat capacity of aluminum is 880 J/(kg °C).
Calculate the energy supplied to the bar between t = 0 and 600 s.
(iv) Between t = 600 s and 1000 s the furnace supplies 30 joules of energy per second to the
bar. Calculate the specific latent heat of fusion of aluminum.
[May-2004]
5- Liquid air contains a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen. The boiling point of nitrogen is –196 °C and the
boiling point of oxygen is –183 °C.A sample of liquid air in a beaker is allowed to warm up slowly.
Fig. 4.1 shows how the reading of a thermometer in the beaker varies with time t.
PHYSICS O - LEVEL PAST PAPER QUESTIONS
TOPIC-9 Latent Heat
6- The graph shows how the temperature of a benzene varies with the time as it is being heated at a
constant rate. At the point E all the benzene is in the gas state. The mass of the benzene is 0.20kg.
a) At which of the three points B,C or D do the benzene molecules have the greatest energy? Give a reason
for your answer.
c) Calculate the change in the internal energy of the benzene between C and D? c ben =1710
J/(kg.K)
7- During a marathon race, the runner shown in Fig. 3.1 is very hot.
At the end of the race, evaporation and convection cool the runner.
(a) (i) Explain how evaporation helps the runner to lose energy. Use ideas about molecules
in your answer.
(ii) Explain why hot air rises around the runner at the end of the race.
PHYSICS O - LEVEL PAST PAPER QUESTIONS
TOPIC-9 Latent Heat
(b) At the end of the race, the runner is given a shiny foil blanket, as shown in Fig.
3.2.Wearing the blanket stops the runner from cooling too quickly. Explain how the shiny
foil blanket helps to reduce energy losses.
Use ideas about conduction, convection and radiation in your answer.
[May-2008]
8- A student has an open tank for storing water outside her house. The tank is black and is in direct
sunlight.
She notices that the level of water inside the tank
slowly decreases as water evaporates.
Change-1:
Change-2:
Change-3:
Change-4:
PHYSICS O - LEVEL PAST PAPER QUESTIONS
TOPIC-9 Latent Heat
(b) She notices that the water level in the tank falls by 0.05 m in 25 hours. The cross-sectional area of the
tank is 1.0m2. The density of water is 1000 kg/m3.The specific latent heat of vaporization of water is 2.2 ×
106 J/kg.
Calculate
(i) the volume of water that evaporates,
(iv) the average rate at which energy is used to evaporate the water. [May-2006]
9- A student investigates the evaporation of water. He pours 100 cm3 of water into measuring cylinder A
and 100 cm3 of water into measuring cylinder B. Measuring cylinder A is kept at 40 °C and B is kept at 80
°C in the same part of the laboratory. Fig. 2.1 shows the two measuring cylinders after 3 days.
(a) (i) Using ideas about molecules, explain why more water evaporates when the water is kept at 80 °C.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................
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(ii) Apart from an increase in temperature, state one change that causes water to evaporate faster.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................
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(b) The specific latent heat of vaporisation of water is 2300 J / g and the density of water is 1.0 g / cm3.
During the three days, the water level in B drops from the 100 cm3 mark to the level shown in Fig. 2.1.
Calculate the energy used to evaporate water from B during the three days.
energy = ................................................
[May-2007]