INTRODUCTION TO

PSYCHOLOGY
ASSIGNMENT # 01
LEADERSHIP

Submitted By:
Maryam Javed
SP15-BCS-034
 LEADERSHIP
Leadership is the ability of a superior to influence the behaviour of a subordinate or group
and persuade them to follow a particular course of action. Leadership is the ability of a
person or a group of individuals to motivate and guide others. It is a skill of an individual
who is capable enough to take the lead and motivate others to achieve goals. It is the art to
of influencing and directing people in such a way that will win their obedience, confidence,
respect and loyal cooperation in achieving common objectives.
A leader has many qualities and skills with which he motivates and inspire others to follow a
particular vision.
o A leader should have the realization of intended, real change that meets people’s
enduring needs.
o Leadership involves making sound and sometimes difficult decisions, creating and
articulating a clear vision, establishing achievable goals and providing followers with
the knowledge and tools necessary to achieve those goals.
o A good leader should have the guts to take the responsibility if something goes
wrong instead of putting blame on others.
o Innovation distinguishes between a leader and a follower. Creative thinking and
constant innovation are what makes a leader stand out.
o A good communicator is a good leader because words have the power to motivate
people and make them do the unthinkable.
o Understanding the problems of your followers and feeling their pain is one of the
important steps to become an effective leader.
o To be an effective leader, you should be confident and honest enough to ensure that
other follow your commands and trust you.
o One of the more important qualities of a good leader is courage. Having the
quality of courage means that you are willing to take risks in the achievement of
your goals with no assurance of success.
o A good leader is the one who gets everyone working and pulling together.
Leadership is the ability to get people to work for you because they want to.
o The most important skill a leader needs are to be able to think strategically. The best
strategic thinkers see the big picture and are not distracted by side issues or minor
details.
o Management and project planning are also helpful skills for a good leader. Good risk
management is also important to help you avoid things going wrong.
o Leaders also need tools to help them understand the way how others behave, and create
positive interactions.
 Types of leadership

Authentic Leadership
Authentic leaders are self-aware and genuine. Authentic leaders are self-actualized
individuals who are aware of their strengths, their limitations, and their emotions.
Authenticity is about being genuine and not acting in a manipulative way.
Autocratic Leadership
Autocratic leadership is a management style wherein one person controls all the decisions
and takes very little inputs from other group members. Autocratic leaders make choices or
decisions based on their own beliefs and do not involve others for their suggestion or
advice.
Laissez - Faire Leadership
Laissez-faire leadership is the direct opposite of autocratic leadership. Instead of a single
leader making all decisions for an organization, group or team, laissez-faire leaders make
few decisions and allow their staff to choose appropriate workplace solutions.
Transnational Leadership
Transnational Leadership contrast, involves management by exception, intervention,
and punishing those who made errors. This can lead to negative emotions and performance
on the part of the subordinates . This approach would also require close monitoring of
the subordinates , who would surely not like it, and if they felt constrained , their
performance might not be best.
Bureaucratic Leadership
Bureaucratic leadership relies on a strict and formal hierarchy, which guarantees members
within the organization are aware of the structure. The authority is organized in a manner
that guarantees a higher level of leadership controls each level of subordinates.
Charismatic Leadership
Charismatic leadership is basically the method of encouraging particular behaviour in others
by way of eloquent communication, persuasion and force of personality. Charismatic
leaders motivate followers to get things done or improve the way certain things are done.
Participative Leadership
Also known as democratic leadership. A Participative Leader, rather than taking autocratic
decisions, seeks to involve other people in the process, possibly including subordinates,
peers, superiors and other stakeholders.
Directive Leadership
Directive Leadership provides guidance about what should be done and how to do
it, scheduling work, and maintaining standers of performance. Thus, it may
be inferred that directive leadership is effective as the subordinates lacks experience and
has a high need for clarity or a low need of achievement.
Supportive Leadership
Supportive Leadership show concern for the needs of the employees , leader is friendly
and approachable . Supportive Leadership would be more suitable for highly
structured tasks , under bureaucratic and formal authority relationship.
In supportive Leadership, leader support to their subordinates officially and sometime
personally also. It boost employees moral also.
Achievement Oriented Leadership
Achievement oriented Leadership encourage employees to perform at their highest level by
setting challenging goals , emphasizing excellence and demonstrating confidence in
employees abilities . Achievement Oriented Leadership is largely suitable
for unstructured tasks , where the subordinate need for achievement is high. 
In short, Leadership is the attitude assumed by those looking for something different, who
are committed to achieving a goal and whose conviction they manage to transmit to others
through enthusiasm and optimism to reach a common goal.