Figure 4-12.

Section of FHWA wall (reproduced after Allen and Bathurst, 2001)

(a) (b)
Figure 4-13. FHWA wall: (a) Flat and (b) backsloped crest (Leshchinsky et al., 2014)

4.1.1 Concluding Remarks

Not all reported cases in the literature that compare LE with the performance of physical models
of MSE structures are summarized here. However, the summarized cases are based on modelling

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