ETHICAL FASHION

“Would you like some sweet potato with your pineapple?” You might expect this question in a restaurant, but
now, it seems, it could be asked in your local clothing boutique as the ethical fashion industry is starting to gain
recognition.
Ethical fashion is all about creating and promoting clothing which uses raw materials that can be recycled, and
treating these materials in ways that are not environmentally harmful. In addition, ethical fashion aims to encourage
local craft workers, and many of the garments produced are made by women in co-operative groups in developing
countries. Ethical fashion also promises to reinvest part of its profits in local community projects such as health and
education.
In 2006, the Ethical Fashion Show in Paris featured 60 designers from all over the world. Some used organic
materials to create modern fashions. For example, one designer used a traditional technique from the Philippines in
order to create fabric made from pineapple leaves. Other designers focused on unusual methods of processing
fabrics. One French company employed a traditional Chinese practice to dye silk fabric. This involves coating the silk
in a sweet potato paste, and then burying it in the ground. It is later rinsed many times in water, an d ends up a soft,
off-black colour. This company also uses an old Japanese method to produce kakishibu, a natural dye made from
fruit, to colour silk scarves brown and pink.
Those involved in ethical fashion hope that the movement will gain in popularity. Twenty years ago, they say,
organic food was considered “alternative” and was produced mostly by small companies, but today it has become
mainstream. They hope this will happen to fashion, boosting sales and benefiting workers at local levels, as well as
helping the environment.
Raw materials: materia prima developing countries: países en vías de desarrollo fab ric: tejido
dye: tintar/tinte scarves: pañuelos, b ufandas mainstream: corriente/ b oost: alzar/levantar

I. READING COMPREHENSION.
Add TRUE or FALSE and copy the evidence from the text to support your answer.
1. Ethical fashion is about recycling old clothes.

2. The ethical fashion movement promotes local fashion.

3. Sixty traditional techniques were displayed at the Ethical Fashion Show.

4. The ethical fashion industry has always been very popular.

Answer the following questions according to the information given in the text. Where possible, use your
own words.

1. How do communities in developing countries benefit from being a part of the ethical fashion movement?

2. Why are pineapple leaves mentioned in the text?

Find words or phrases in the text that mean the same as these given.
1. motivate

2. covering

3. washed

4. more common and acceptable

PRESENT SIMPLE OR PRESENT CONTINUOUS

1. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Present simple or Present
continuous. (TAKE A LOOK AT “STATIVE VERBS”)
a. _____ you _________________ (watch) the news at the moment?
b. The milk _______________ (smell) bad. Don’t drink it.
c. Karen ______________ (tidy) her room now.
d. I’m sorry, but I ______________________ (not remember) your name.
e. Those jeans _______________________(look) good on you.
f. Jane _____________________ (think) of selling her scooter. Do you want to buy it?
g. ______ you __________________ (hear) that strange noise?
h. They ________________ (need) an answer from you very soon.

PAST SIMPLE OR PAST CONTINUOUS

2. Complete the e-mail with a suitable verb below. Use the Past Simple or Past Continuous.
Cross not hit drive do get put pass deal feel

Dear Sue,
Guess what! An hour ago, I _________________ my driving test! At the beginning of the test, I was so
nervous that I didn’t think I _____________________ anything correctly. Then, just as I _________________
a bit more confident, a man suddenly ________________ the road in front of me. I _________________ my
foot on the brake and stopped as quickly as possible. Luckily, I ________________ him. After that, as I
________________ down the road, the examiner said, “You _______________ with that situation very well”. I
was so pleased and at the end of the test I ___________________ my pass certificate. I’m so happy.

RELATIVE CLAUSES

3. Complete the sentences with the relative pronouns WHEN, WHICH, WHOSE, WHERE, WHO. Then tick the
sentences in which the relative pronoun may be replaced by THAT.
a. The tour ____________ we took was fabulous!
b. David, ___________ is good at history, helped me study for the exam.
c. I’ll always remember the day __________ I scored my first goal.
d. My brother, ___________ girlfriend is away, is coming to the film with us.
e. She’s going to call the boy _________ she danced with at the club.
f. There’s a great café in Sheldon Street ___________ we can meet for lunch.
g. At 11.00, _________ you’ll be driving home, it will be very dark.
h. The man __________ dog I found was extremely happy when I called.
i. This watch, ___________ cost only $5, keeps perfect time.
4. Combine the sentences. Use RELATIVE PRONOUNS. Make any necessary changes.
a. I finally listened to the Shakira CD. Jane gave it to me.

b. The band’s drummer was ill. They had to cancel their performances.

c. My mother is a historian. She teaches at the university.

d. I enjoy walking in the morning. It is quiet then.

e. The guide took us to many interesting places. Her tours are advertised on the internet.

f. I know a great clothes shop. We can get real bargains there.

INDIRECT SPEECH

5. Turn the sentences into INDIRECT SPEECH.

a. “I haven’t seen Brian since last week”, Carl said.

b. Tom asked, “What did you and Mary argue about last week?”

c. Fiona said, “We’ll have to go to a vegetarian restaurant because Sam doesn’t eat meat”

d. “Have you finished cleaning your room yet?”, Mum wondered.

e. “Let’s buy the tickets to London tomorrow”, John said.

f. “Don’t tell Steve about the surprise party next week”, Gill asked me.

g. The policeman ordered the driver, “Show me your license”!

h. “Are you sataying in a hotel near the beach?”, John enquired.

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

6. Complete the sentences without changing the meaning of the original sentence.

a. Cathy didn’t take the exam because she was ill.

i. If Cathy hadn’t been ill,……….

b. Because he runs every day, John is extremely fit.

i. If John didn’t ………….

c. I want this computer game, but I haven’t got enough money to buy it.

i. If I had the money, I ……

d. Oh dear, it’s so late. We can’t go to the film now.

i. If it weren’t so late, …..

e. We’ll be cold unless we wear jackets.

i. If we don’t…..

PASSIVE VOICE

7. Complete the sentences with the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets.
a. London Fields ____________________ (write) by Martin Amis.
b. By the time I got to the party, most of the food ___________________ (eat).
c. Our new chairs ______________________ (deliver) early next week.
d. Right now, the computer ___________________ (use)
e. I couldn’t ride my motorbike last week because it ____________________ (repair).
f. I’m sure that his phone number ________________ (can find) in the directory.
g. _____ he __________________ (ask) to take photos at the graduation ceremony yet?
h. The latest Johnny Depp film __________________ (should not / miss).
 8. Write both passive forms of the sentences below.
a. People give children too much junk food.
i. ___
ii. ___
b. The airline should offer us money for our lost baggage.
i. ___
ii. ___
c. I will give you your change in a moment.
i. ___
ii. ___
d. We gave the dog a bone.
i. ___
ii. ___
e. They should have offered you a discount.
i. ___
ii. ___
f. The charity is asking for donations from the public.
i. ___
ii. ___

THE CAUSATIVE

9. Complete the sentences with the causative form of the verbs in brackets
a. Tomorrow I _______________ my picture ______________ (take) for my new passport.

b. She _____________ her eyes ____________ (not examine) in over two years.

c. Last week, Sue ________________ her hair _________________ (colour) at the hairdresser’s.

d. We ________________ our house _________________ (clean) every week because we’re too busy

to do it ourselves.

e. You should __________ the invitations _________________ (print) soon