We have designed and buily a natural filter comprising of locally available coagulants like neem leaves

powder, Orange peel powder ,Tulsi leaves powder, charcoal, sand and pebble .Apart from the use of
coagulants, we have also used sand and pebbles in various stages to aid particle sedimentation and thus
further purification. Uniquely, the process we have developed is indigenous, eco-friendly, low cost and
requires minimum maintenance. It can purify up to 25 litres of water.

Charcoal

Charcoal’s chemical composition and physical structure both contribute heavily to a water filter. It is 85-
98% carbon-the same substance used in most modern filtration methods. Its structure is very porous, so
it can absorb and retain impurities easily. Properties of charcoal such as its high porosity, mineral
constituents, absorption rate, existence of harmless microbes etc., makes it perfect for its utilization in
the purification of water. During water purification processes, charcoal even dissolves its rich mineral
contents into the water, so the purified water becomes mineral-rich.  The same basic principles are used
in bamboo charcoal filtration and contemporary carbon filtration systems. Carbon readily absorbs
odours and other impurities from water including 2, 4-dichloro-hydroxybenzene (a major harmful
pollutant in drinking water), chlorine, and chloroform.  Bamboo charcoal is rich in a number of minerals
including potassium, magnesium, sodium, and calcium. As it filters your water, its minerals are dissolved
and it enriches the water. For this reason, you should not use bamboo charcoal to decrease the TDS
(Total Dissolved Solids) in your water, nor should you leave it in your water for prolonged periods of
time. Unlike modern carbon filters, Charcoal has the benefit to decompose toxic substances like
trihalomethane and chlorine. It is an anti-bacterial and anti-fungal bio-agent that naturally bonds to
cellulose without killing its beneficial microbes. Thus water is naturally cleared of toxic substances,
bacteria, and fungi. Charcoal is best used with bottled water because it enhances the taste and which
indicates that the water has been cleaned and mineralized. Once done with filtering the water, we can
reuse the bamboo charcoal by placing it out in direct sunlight for three hours so that it can shed its
impurities. Charcoal can be used all over again for up to a year in this fashion.   Charcoal water purifiers
are completely natural and eco-friendly. Gives our body the minerals it needs without having to spend a
lot of money for things like vitamin supplements or expensive mineral/vitamin water.

Sand
Sand either fine or course, is generally used as filter media. The filter sand should generally be obtained
from rocks like quartzite, and should contain the following properties:
 It should be free from dirt and other impurities.
 It should be uniform in nature and size.
 It should be hard and resistant.

The top layer is generally kept of finer variety (Passed under 600µ) than that of the rest, which is
generally kept uniform in grain size of 1.15mm.The coarsest layer should be kept at the bottom, and the
finest towards the top. The finer the sand used, the purer will be the obtained water, as more impurities
and bacteria will be removed.

Pebbles
This prevents the filtering material from falling out of the bottle.