SECTION A

Answer ALL questions

(10 Marks)
1. A Network engineer has to design an antenna that should overcome environmental
challenges like mountains, valleys, buildings etc.

a. How can that be achieved using a normal Hertzian dipole? (0.5

marks)

b. If he decided to create a Marconi antenna and the frequency of transmission is

527885555 Hz, calculate the length of the dipole (in meters) that will be used,
if the antenna for the given scenario will be mounted on top of a building.
( 1.5
marks)

Page 1 of 12
2. The network designers in Oman-Defence are planning to use a modulation technique
for all their Wi-Fi communication applying the 802.11b standard.
a. Analyze - which type of modulation technique that will be used? (0.5 mark )
b. State ONE reason why this type of modulation is preferred. (0.5 mark )
c. Which type of chipping code will help the designers to achieve slow speeds
of 2 mbps and also high speeds up to 11 mbps? Discuss in short both
scenarios. ( 3 mark )

Page 2 of 12
3. Examine the signal representations given below- Signal1 and Signal2 are having the
same frequency of 5GHz. Both the signals on transmission meet at the same time and
lead to change in one of the radio-signal characteristic (property). By analyzing the
diagram given below, answer the questions given below.

a) Which property of the RF signals will be affected? (1 mark)

b) Explain what will happen to the signal-strength of the above signals? (2 marks)
c) Write TWO terms that describes the above situation (1 mark)

Page 3 of 12
 SECTION B
Short Answer Questions
Answer ALL questions (10 Marks)
4. a) You are a network engineer, and your boss has given you the task of making sure that
access points are deployed in the proper location, for making sure that the proper type of
antenna is chosen, and for monitoring the health of the wireless network. Compare and
contrast the given wave propagation behaviours listed in the table below. Explain any two
Types of the behaviour and any TWO materials that should be avoided for efficient
wireless transmission. (Total 3 marks)

*Mark-distribution- Types carry 1.0 marks each. Examples carry 0.5 marks each

Serial Name of Types of behaviour Material(any

number propagation TWO) that should
behaviour be avoided for
efficient wireless
network
Scattering

Refraction k-
factor
2

Page 4 of 12
4 b) Your organization’s microwave transmission is experiencing attenuation because of the
presence of reflections from a waterbody and concrete-buildings in the path of the RF signals.
This is largely due to the two signals reaching the receiving antenna at the same time as given
in the diagram below.

i) What is the name of time difference between the two signals? (0.5 mark)

ii) Make a report to your manger, regarding the decrease of signal problems ONLY, that
may occur due to this issue? Write any TWO issues due to this, in brief. (1.5
marks)

Page 5 of 12
5. Analyze the network topology diagram given below. Given that the Internet layer is using
Optical-fiber connection with speeds of more than 2Gbps and Ethernet is operating at 1Gbps.
Also, wired/wireless connections to the PCs, mobile-devices and laptops are working in
speeds between 10 to 100 mbps.

5 a) Identify the correct layer and fill in the given spaces indicated in the diagram below.
WRITE name of the layer only. (2 marks)

1. _______________________________________

2. ________________________________________

3. ________________________________________

4. ________________________________________

5. b) As a network engineer, you are planning for an effective capacity v/s coverage design
for a large exam hall with many client-laptops to be connected.

i) Which method is preferred? (1 mark)

Page 6 of 12
ii) How can that be achieved in this scenario and also prevent interference issues? (2 marks)

SECTION C
Answer ALL Questions (20 Marks)
6. A Wi-Fi router is providing WLAN access to a hall using a directional antenna. Router is
transmitting at 0.04 Watt. The cable connector between router and antenna creates a loss of
26dB. The gain created by the antenna is 13dBi. Calculate the power generated by IR and the
antenna(EIRP) separately using (Total- 5 marks)

a. Rules of 10s and 3s (4 marks)

Mark distribution- 3 Marks for steps. Correct EIRP-0.5 mk, correct IR -0.5mk.

b. Use logarithm formula to verify the result obtained for IR answer only in
step(a) (1 mark)

SHOW THE CORRECT STEPS. WRITE FORMULA WHEREVER NEEDED.

Page 7 of 12
7. Read the following scenarios and answer as asked in the questions given below.
(Total – 7 marks)
7 a) Analyse and write which type of WLAN infrastructure device is adequate for the
scenario given below. Write name of the device and features (ANY THREE) also.

i) A small Local area network where there are SEVEN work-station devices that do not have
WiFi-radio cards. A wireless Access-point connects to the network where server is available
and the Access point connects wirelessly to the infrastructure device.

a) Identify the WLAN infrastructure device-________________________ (1 mark)

b) Features of the device you identified. (1.5 marks)

ii) Clients need to share the wireless (Wi-Fi) in SOHO (Small/Home office) with functions
like giving DHCP, Firewall security, PAT, etc.

a) Identify the WLAN infrastructure device-_____________________________(1 mark)

b) Features of the device you identified. (1.5 marks)

Page 8 of 12
7 b) You are using Point to Point Wireless LAN bridges for communicating between two
offices situated in two different buildings.

A) What is the main issue that might happen if the distance between the bridges is 30
km (18 miles)? ____________________________________ ( 0.5 mark)

B) How will solve this issue? _________________________ (0.5 mark)

7 c) In the Online tutorial- Wireless Communication/Adhoc Networking- Practical part-

Sem2 19-20 available in E-learning link, go through the video, especially at video-time –7:50
https://youtu.be/mvi9_QdXmCg?t=468

COPY THE ABOVE YOUTUBE LINK AND PASTE IT IN YOUR BROWSER, IF IT IS NOT
OPENING FROM WORD-DOCUMENT

Write ATLEAST 2 POINTS on why for the security mode (WPA2 Personal), AES
encryption was used, as given in the video tutorial? (1 mark)

Page 9 of 12
8. Understand the scenario given for adhoc networks and answer the question correctly.
( Total – 3 marks)
8 a) Adhoc networks are infrastructure less. But two things are necessary for proper
working. Which are they? ( 1 mark)

8 b) Look at the below diagram showing the topology of one adhoc-network. What can be the
issues and implication of this topology setup? ( 2 marks)

Page 10 of 12
9. Use formula and calculate for the questions correctly showing steps to do it.
( Total – 5 marks)
9 a) Find Power in Watts if an Intentional Radiator uses a current of 2.5 Ampere and a
voltage of 250 Volts to produce RF waves. Write formula and show steps also. (2 marks)

9 b) How much frequency (in Hz) is needed for getting a wavelength of 3 m ? ( 1 mark)

9 c) Calculate Path Loss using 6dB rule. If an IR is transmitting radio waves and the signal
loss is 331dB in 4km, what will be Path Loss (Free space path loss) at 16km. ( 2 marks)

Page 11 of 12
-End of Question Paper-

Page 12 of 12