2014 International Conference on Advances in Communication and Computing Technologies
Implementation of Tripwire System Using Video
Surveillance for Railway Platform Security
Jadhav Panchashila
Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication (VLSI &
Embedded System)
D. Y. Patil College of Engineering
Akurdi, Pune-411044, India
pbrahmecha@gmail.com
Abstract— Indian Railways are the leading railway system of
Asia and the second leading railway system of the world. In the
India as compared with other sector railways are the biggest
sector, which provides more employment. It is a convenient, chief
and efficient public transportation system. As per the recent year
the security of station platform is an important issue. CCTV and
DVR are the present monitoring equipment to record the
passenger behavior on the platform, but could not provide any
warning message to a passenger instantly. This paper proposes a
new technique by employing a tripwire analytic technique and
extracts the motion vectors from the digital compressed video
files and then uses these motion vectors to work out, whether or
not the passenger is approaching railway. This method detects
the passenger’s moving direction on the platform without using
any additional detecting equipment. If a passenger is
approaching the warning line of the railway platform, the
proposed method can successfully detect the moving direction of
passenger o n the platforms and can successfully start the
broadcasting warning system to increase the safety on the
platform.
Index Terms— Railway station platform, monitoring
equipments, motion vector, security system.
I. INTRODUCTION
According to rail safety measures not only prevent the loss
of life and property, but also instill greater confidence in
commuters – factors that have fast come to the attention of
governments and rail transport providers worldwide. The
corresponding maintenance and management task will be
increased for facility additionally installed, rendering certain
exclusion effect to the budget of the unit. Hence, it has become
the focal point of this study if platform safety protection
function can be enhanced without having to additionally install
platform safety facility, but by making use of existing
equipment or system through novel processing technology.
As per the past, studies on platform accidents would
mostly focus on the analytic thinking of human mistake, and it
is why every of the operating units would, in steps, increase
safety services to prevent the occurrence of accidents. The
subsequent maintenance and management task are redoubled
for facility in addition put in; description bound segregation
result of the budget of the unit. Hence, it has become the
primary object of this study if platform safety protection
performs is increased while not having to in addition install
978-1-4799-7319-4/14/$31.00 ©2014 IEEE
Dr. Mrs. P. Malathi
H. O. D. of Electronics & Telecommunication
D. Y. Patil College of Engineering
Akurdi, Pune-411044, India
malathijesudason@ymail.com
platform safety facility, however, by creating function of
existing equipment or system through new technology.
Basically, the moving object as a passenger is the primary
subject on station platform, and their scope of movement is
confined to a limited area on the platform. Besides, image
monitoring system set up at the station is mostly MPEG-4 or
H.264 recording format. These formats are already stored with
motion estimation information within an image recording file.
This article would exploit images of the monitoring system to
directly extract information of motion vectors, and predict
object movement direction so as to track down as a major form
of mass rapid transit; rail transport is not only a fast, but also
the efficient way of transporting huge masses of people and
goods from one location to another. However, without
adequate protection from threats such as international terrorist
activities, which have become increasingly prevalent and
diverse over the years, such vital transport arteries present
critical security weaknesses that stand to derail social stability.
II. RELATED WORK
The millions of passengers in the world use railway systems
in daily life. There are many passengers along the railway
platform who travel by train and they would extend their head
to determine if the train has arrived or not and stand in the
warning line of the platform. For that reason, several accidents
have taken place with passengers. In recent years strengthen
the safety and security of station platform has become an
important issue. As per the recent development there are
different types of security systems. But the main drawback of
such a system is that it just could record the video frames and
could not provide a warning message to a passenger
immediate. Hence, we propose a novel method that could
detect the passenger moving direction without using additional
passenger detection equipment. [2] In this paper they proposed
a vision based monitoring system for railway station platform.
The system right away perceives dangerous factors of
passengers on the platform by victimization image process
technology. [3] This paper analysis the incorporated use of
safety watching with the domestic and international latest
analysis on rail safety protection system, associate degrees
specialize in the implementation of an organic full system,
with the watching and early warning, risk assessment,
prophetical management and emergency rescue system.
 [4] This literature pictured the departs management of the
rail transportation software package and presented the
simplest strategy and spot of outward bound intelligent
decision network supported Petri internet. Article formally
modeled definition; purpose and actualization of the self-
check operate in automatic driving control software. Literature
had researched the analysis and design of the train strategic
decision supporting system by using the method facing
objects. Literature optimized the train’s initiative driving by
using linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) method and hereditary
algorithm.
For the past few years, the IEEE equivalence committee is
very active in equivalence research part of the rail
transportation information and control, strictly follow after
releasing many standards in this constituency, and some parts
are related to transportation safety.
III. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
We will avoid the accident on the railway platforms by
using this planned technology. In our programming we tend
to use eclipse, which has related to the integrated development
surroundings (IDE). It comprises of a base space related to a
protractible connect system for customizing the environment
and Java development tools. OpenCV contains a regular
structure that suggests that the package includes several shared
or static libraries.
A. Digital Image processing Techniques.
A digital image processing method having a good
application in several areas. Image processing refers to a way
of process of a picture by standard algorithms, if a (x, y) is an
picture co-ordinate with reference to the x-axis and y-axis of
the current frame and the reference frame, then ‘a’ represents
the amplitude (e.g. brightness) of the picture at the coordinate
position (x, y). The modern digital technology has created its
potential to control multi-dimensional signals with systems
that vary from straightforward digital circuits to advanced
parallel computers.
B. Capture Frame:
Already exist video camera capture different video frames
continuously on the railway platform. This video capturing
refers to storing video pictures in an exceedingly Computer.
The Graphical monitors show footage by dividing the video
display into thousands (or millions) of pixels, organized in
rows and columns. The pixels are therefore close that they
seem connected.
C. Motion Detection:
In digital image processing technique, motion detection
refers to the process of the closed-circuit television to detect
motion and capture the events. Motion detection is typically a
software-based observation formula that, once it detects
motion can signal the digital processing camera to start
capturing the event. A complicated motion detection closed-
circuit television will related analyze the nature of motion to
examine if it warrants an alarm associate application that
permits embedded image capture capabilities that permits
ICACACT 2014
video, pictures or extracted data to be compressed, receive,
hold on or transmitted over communication networks or digital
link.
D. Motion vector
The motion vectors nothing but an area unit compresses
video by storing the changes to a picture from one frame to
successive. In this technique the process of video compression
plays a major role in the motion evaluation process. The
H.264/MPEG-4 AVC normal defines motion vector as a two-
dimensional vector used to lay to rest computation that gives
an offset from the coordinates within the decoded image to the
coordinates in a reference image.
The motion vectors could also be defined by a change of
location model or several alternative models that may
approximate the motion of a true video camera, like rotation
and translation and zoom. In general, a video is generated
from existing camera in a group of 2-D successive pictures
with concerning thirty frames per second that means the lapse
time interval is concerning 1/30 second for 2 continuous
frames. The amendment of object in between 2 continuous
frames can barely be dynamic in such short-span of time
making use of such a feature. It will split the frames that
required to be encoded into several overlapped frames, then
take reference recording for correlation. During this way the
foremost ideal approach of correlation to use for the total
system and resolve the foremost similar frame. In video
processing the actual fact is that two adjoining frames are
extremely similar and apply correlation at the relative position
with the current frame and the reference frame.
Figure 1. Motion Vector
The equations like Mean Square Error (MSE), Mean
Absolute Error (MAE) and Sum of Absolute Difference
(SAD). These three mathematical equations that have often
been used to conclude the similarity between two frames.
These equations are described as follows:
1. Mean Square Error (MSE):
1
, ,
2. Mean Absolute Error (MAE):
 1 B. Reference frame or Image designation:
| , , | Image designation process is nothing but the pre-recorded
videos of various kinds of simulation contexts with regard to
3. Sum of Absolute Difference (SAD): one-side and two-side line-crossing of passengers on station
platform that we utilize as a reference frame.
| , , |
C. Acceptable of minimal error:
As per above three equations, C (x, y) denotes the pixel The acceptable or minimum error has to be pre-decided and
value of the current frame and R (x + u, y + v) is denotes the is due to the effect of camera shack or image shadow, the
pixel value of the reference frame, whereas u and v are the pixel value could be changed. Therefore, minimal error is
comparable positions of human body motion. Among these designed so as to decrease the probability of misjudging object
equations, the effect of MSE is considered as the best. But it motion when the system is placed at various places or
requires multiplication and division during calculation and has interface on the station platform and specific margin have
difficult process. But SAD simply uses addition and been chosen on both sides of the platform.
subtraction, and its calculation is comparatively easy so that it
D. Pre-decided margin:
is considered as for mathematical calculations in this paper.
As per the safety purpose the system interface can choose
IV. PROPOSED WORK its specific margin on both sides of the platform and it will be
Generally in video processing a video is made up of a set of predefined, it also convenient to the passenger and system.
2-D successive images processing with about 30 frames per E. Image change with pixel motion:
second. The lapse time interval of two successive frame is
In the reference frame pixel will constant, but if there is
about 1/30 second, and whatever the change of entity in
change in pixel coordinate of current and reference frame and
between of two successive frames can only just within short-
its amount of change has exceeded the minimal error which
span of time interval. As per the use of such features, it will
was initially decided, it can be programmed at its most select
divide the pictures that required to be encoded into a number
value so that the system can function more effectively.
of overlapped frames, and then take a reference frame
(previously recorded frame) for correlation. Thus, the best
way of correlation is to search for the entire reference frame
and find out the most similar frame. If recorded two adjacent
frames by the camera it can be highly similar; so the general
practice is to conduct correlation at the relative position with
the encoded frame that is current frame and the reference
frame. The test videos are captured from a Sony digital
camera or existing camera on the platform with the MPEG-4
format. In addition, frame rate is 30 frames per second, and
the resolution is 320×240. Primary frame (reference frame)
and secondary frame (current frame) are compared and the
result is stored in the memory. By using a tripwire analytics
technique we detect the motion between the frames.

Figure 2.Motion Detection:

A. Search Algorithms:
The algorithm for detecting the moving object is shown in
Fig. 3 Figure 3.Flow chart for motion object:

The following result shows the motion of the object.

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Figure 4. Image found with pixel motion
F. The moving object exceed margin
On any side on station platform when the motion object has
exceeded or cross the margin line as pre-decided in the
system, the system will display warning message immediately
via broadcasting or speech message.
Figure 5. Motion object exceed the margin.
Advantages:
The system can successfully work in rainy days and night.
It extract motion vector, and can predict and capture the
position and direction of displacement for the target motion
object motion object by comparing the current and reference
frame. When the motion object exceeds the margin
destination, the system can automatically display warning
message immediately.
V. CONCLUSION
In this paper we propose a method that could detect the
passenger moving direction along the platform without using
any additional passenger detection equipment and uses to
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motion vectors to determine whether passenger is approaching
railway. Once passenger is solely too approaching railway, the
projected technique can give message to the passenger via
broadcasting or speech message to extend the security on the
platform. This planned technique will reduces the complicated
method of image recognition system and this technique
successfully works in rainy days and in night. This project will
be useful in different places like railway platform system or
any bank area system. In our dissertation we implement
railway station public safety using tripwire system at video
surveillance.
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