5/23/2019 What is difference between tempering, annealing, normalizing and quenching?

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Tempering Forging Industry Annealing Simulated Annealing Metallurgy Related Questions

Materials Science and Engineering

What is the difference between annealing and
stress-relieving?
What is difference between tempering, annealing,
normalizing and quenching? What is the difference between normalizing and
annealing?

What is the annealing process?

11 Answers
What are the practical applications of normalizing,
Joshua Paul, I love how materials work annealing and quenching heat treatment
Answered Nov 10, 2016 · Upvoted by Erdem Sahin, Ph.D Chemical Engineering & Materials processes?
Science and Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology (2013)
What is the difference between normalising and
Annealing: annealing?

It is the process of heating a metal in a furnace above it's recrystallization temperature and What is the differance between full annealing and
process annealing?
allow it to cool inside the furnace. First the temperature of the material is raised (say 912–
915°C for cast iron or steel). Secondly the material is soaked in that temperature for few What is solution annealing?
hours. Third, the temperature is lowered and the material is allowed to cool inside the
Is there any difference between quenching and
furnace. Annealing improves ductility, strength and good elongation properties. hardening?

Normalising: What is annealing?

The process is similar to that of annealing, but after soaking stage the material is taken out What is the difference between annealing and
tempering in heat treatment of materials?
from the furnace and allowed to cool in atmosphere. The properties of the material are bit
lower than that of annealing because of different cooling areas in the material.

Quenching:

Quenching is the process of heating the material above the recrystallization temperature
and cooling it suddenly in a water bath or oil bath or in polymers. Type of quenchant
depends upon the application. Martensite matrix structure is seen in case of quenched
materials. The material becomes so hard, more brittle and has the ability to
withstand wear, vibrations. Abrasive resistance is more but can't handle creep
and impact loads.

Tempering:

It is the heat treatment process which is done usually after quenching. In the process the
material is heated to a temperature below the recrystallization value and holded for few
hours. This process removes internal stress and improve a bit of ductility to the hard
material. Usually tool steels undergo this process to improve tool life.

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