Homework 5 Transformer 4 (28-04-2020)

1) A single-phase transformer is fully loaded. The secondary winding voltage U 2 is 115V, and
voltage regulation rate is 2%, and the ratio of the number of turns from primary and
secondary winding is 20/1. Please try to calculate the primary winding voltage U 1.
(4Remarks)

U2 115
U 2 N= = =117.3 V
1−∆U 1−0.02

 K=20

U 1 N =k × U 2 N =20 ×117.3=2346 V

2) A single-phase transformer has its voltage ratio from primary to secondary winding of
14.5/1, under nominal load condition it is 15/1. Try to calculate the winding turn number
ratio and it nominal voltage regulation ratio. (4 Remarks)

K 1=14.5 , K 2=15

U1N
U −U 2 U 15
∆ U = 2N =1− 2 =1− =0.0333=3.33 %
U2 N U2N U1N
14.5
3) Transformer primary and secondary winding voltage and current reference directions are
shown in figure1 (a). If the ration k=2, primary voltage u1’s waveform is shown in Figure 1
(b). Try to draw e 1, e 2 and main magnetic flux ϕ and u2 waveforms. And please use phasor
diagram to show their relationship. (Note: Ignore leakage impedance)(4 Remarks)

Figure 1
Primary : U̇ 1=− Ė1 ; Ė1=− j 44 f N 1 Ф̇m ; Secundary : U̇ 2=− Ė2 ; Ė 2=− j44 f N 2 Ф̇ m

E1
=2=¿ E1=2 E2
E2

Waveforms and phasor diagrams:

-30°

U1

U2

30°
E2

E1

Ф
 N1
4) As it is shown in Figure 2, Transformer has its winding turn ratio equal to =3 ,if
N2
i 1=10 sin ωt , try to write the secondary current i 2 instantaneous value expression equation
for two cases shown in Figure 2. (Note: Ignore exciting current I 0) (4 Remarks)

Figure 2.

Case a:

−N 1
N 1 I 1 + N 2 I 2=0=¿ I 2= I =−3 I 1=−30 sin ( wt )
N2 1

Case b:

N1
N 1 I 1−N 2 I 2=0=¿ I 2= I =3 I 1=30 sin ( wt )
N2 1

5) Two single phase transformer: The rated parameters for the first transformer T1 are ,
nominal power S N 1=1 kVA , nominal voltagesU 1 N 1 /U 2 N 1=240V/120V, the equivalent
short circuit impedance is 4 ∠60° to the higher voltage side; For second transformer T2,
nominal power S N 2=1 kVA , nominal voltagesU 1 N 2 /U 2 N 2=120V/24V, the equivalent short
circuit impedance is 1 ∠ 60° to higher voltage side.
Now connect the higher voltage winding of T2 to the lower voltage winding, then connect
the higher voltage of T1 to a 240V power supply to realize step down voltage as shown in
Figure 3. Ignore exciting current, please calculate the voltages and currents at each winding
of the two transformers for case1： under the load of Z L =(10+ j √ 300) Ω and case 2：
short-circuit at load side. (4 Remarks)
 Figure 3.

T1:
U 1 N 240
= =K 1=2
U 2 N 120
T2:
U 1 N 2 120
= =K 2=5
U 2 N 2 24

Case 1: Z L =(10+ j √ 300) Ω

Z ' L =( Z K 2 + K 22 Z L ) K 21

ZT =Z K 1 + ( Z K 2+ K 22 Z L ) K 21

ZT =4<60 ° + 4 ¿

ZT =2008< 60°

Then:

U 1=I 1 × Z T

240
I 1= =0.12 A
2008

I 2=I 1 × K 1 =0.24 A

I 3=I 2 × K 2=0.24 A ×5=1.2 A

U 3=I 3 × Z L =1.2× ( 10+ j √ 300 )=24 <60 ° V

U 2=I 2 (Z K 2 + K 22 × Z L )=0.24 ¿

Case 2:

ZT =Z K 1 + ( Z K 2+ K 22 Z L ) K 21

ZT =4<60 ° + 4 ( 1< 60 °+ 0 )
ZT =8< 60°

U 1=I 1 × Z T

240
I 1= =30 A
8

I 2=I 1 × K 1 =60 A

I 3=I 2 × K 2=60 A × 5=300 A

U 3=I 3 × Z L =300 ×0=0 V