LINEAR LAW

PAPER 1

1 x and y are related by the equation

y  px 2  qx , where p and q are constants.
A straight line is obtained by plotting
y
against x , as shown in Diagram 1.
x
Calculate the value of p and q. [4 marks]

DIAGRAM 1

2. Diagram 2 shows a straight line graph of y

y x
against x . Given that y  6 x  x 2 ,
x
calculate the value of k and of h .
[3 marks] • (2, k )

• ( h , 1)

x
O
DIAGRAM 2

3. The variables x and y are related by the

log10 y
equation y  kx 4 , where k is a constant.
(a) Convert the equation to linear form.
(b) Diagram 3 shows the straight line
(2, h)
obtained by plotting log10 y against
log10 x .
Find the value of
(i) log10 k • ( 0 , 3)
(ii) h .
[4 marks] log10 x
O DIAGRAM 3
4 y 1 y
Diagram 4 shows the graph of against .
x x x
Express y in terms of x .

[3 marks] • (4, 13)

( 1,
3) •

1
O x
DIAGRAM 4

DIAGRAM 5(a) DIAGRAM 5(b)

Diagram 5(a) shows the curve y = –3 x 2 + 5. Diagram 5(b) shows the straight line graph
obtained when y = –3 x 2 + 5 is expressed in the linear form Y = 5X + c.
Express X and Y in terms of x and /or y [3 marks]

2
PAPER 2

6. Table 1 shows the values of two variables x and y related by the equation y  ab x 1 ,
where a and b are constants.

x 3 4 5 6 8
y 12.1 6.46 3.47 1.89 0.52

TABLE 1
(a) Draw the graph of log10 y against ( x  1) . [4 marks]

(b) From your graph, find

(i) the value of y when x  7
(ii) the value of a
(iii) the value of b . [6 marks]

7. Table 2 shows the values of two variables, x and y, obtained from an experiment.
Variables x and y are related by the equation y = p k x , where p and k are constants.

x 2 4 6 8 10 12
y 3.16 5.50 9.12 16.22 28.84 46.77

TABLE 2
(a) Plot log10 y against x by using a scale of 2 cm to 2 units on the x-axis and 2 cm to 0.2
unit on the log10 y -axis.
Hence, draw the line of best fit. [4 marks]

(b) Use your graph from (a) to find the value of

(i) p
(ii) k [6 marks]

8. Table 3 shows the values of two variables, x and y, obtained from an experiment.
2
It is known that x and y are related by the equation y  pk x , where p and k are constants.

x 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

y 1.59 1.86 2.40 3.17 4.36 6.76

TABLE 3
2
(a) Plot log y against x .
Hence, draw the line of best fit. [5 marks]

(b) Use the graph in (a) to find the values of

3
 (i) p
(ii) k . [5 marks]

9. Table 4 shows the values of two variables, x and y, obtained from an experiment. The
r
variables x and y are related by the equation y  px  , where p and r are constants
px

x 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.5

y 5.5 4.7 5.0 6.5 7.7 8.4

TABLE 4

(a) Plot xy against x 2 , by using a scale of 2 cm to 5 units on both axes.

Hence, draw the line of best fit. [5 marks]

(b) Use your graph from (a) to find the value of

(i) p
(ii) r . [5 marks]

10. Table 5 shows the values of two variables, x and y, obtained from an experiment.
The variables x and y are related by the equation y  pk x 1 , where p and k are constants

x 1 2 3 4 5 6
y 4.0 5.7 8.7 13.2 20.0 28.8

TABLE 5

(a) Plot log y against (x+1), using a scale of 2 cm to 1 unit on the (x+1)-axis and 2 cm
to 0.2 unit on the log y-axis. Hence, draw the line of best fit.
[5 marks]

(b) Use your graph from (a) to find the value of

(i) p
(ii) k. [5 marks]

4
Linear Law

Answer

1. p  2, q  13
2. h  5, k  4
3. (a) log10 y  4 log10 x  log10 k
(b) (i) 3
(ii) 11
4 y  5x  2
1
5. X = 2
x
y
Y= 2
x

6.
(b) (i) y = 1
(ii) a = 42.66
(iii) b = 0.5337

7
(b) (i) p = 1.920
(ii) k = 1.309

(b) (i) p  1.259

(ii) k  1.109

(b) (i) p  1.37

(ii) r  5.48

10.

(b) p = 1.778
k = 1.483