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Q.2 Find the approx. number of molecules contained in a vessel of volume 7 litres at 0°C at 1.3 × 105 pascal
(A) 2.4 × 1023 (B) 3 × 1023 (C) 6 × 1023 (D) 4.8 × 1023
Q.3 A cylindrical tube of cross-sectional area A has two air tight frictionless pistons at its two ends. The
pistons are tied with a straight two ends. The pistons are tied with a straight piece of metallic wire. The
tube contains a gas at atmospheric pressure P0 and temperature T0. If temperature of the gas is doubled
then the tension in the wire is
(A) 4 P0 A (B) P0A/2
(C) P0 A (D) 2 P0 A
Q.4 An ideal gas mixture filled inside a balloon expands according to the relation PV2/3 = constant. The
temperature inside the balloon is
(A) increasing (B) decreasing (C) constant (D) can’t be said
Q.6 A rigid tank contains 35 kg of nitrogen at 6 atm. Sufficient quantity of oxygen is supplied to increase the
pressure to 9 atm, while the temperature remains constant. Amount of oxygen supplied to the tank is :
(A) 5 kg (B) 10 kg (C) 20 kg (D) 40 kg
Q.7 A perfect gas of a given mass is heated first in a small vessel and then in a large vessel, such that their
volumes remain unchanged. The P-T curves are
(A) parabolic with same curvature (B) parabolic with different curvature
(C) linear with same slopes (D) linear with different slopes
Q.8 At a temperature T K, the pressure of 4.0g argon in a bulb is p. The bulb is put in a bath having
temperature higher by 50K than the first one. 0.8g of argon gas had to be removed to maintained original
pressure. The temperature T is equal to
(A) 510 K (B) 200 K (C) 100 K (D) 73 K
Q.10 An ideal gas is trapped inside a test tube of cross-sectional area 20 × 10–6 m2 as shown in the figure. The
gas occupies a height L1 at the bottom of the tube and is separated from air at atmospheric pressure by
a mercury column of mass 0.002 kg. If the tube is quickly turned isothermally, upside down so that
L2
mercury column encloses the gas from below. The gas now occupies height L1 in the tube. The ratio L
1
is [Take atmospheric pressure = 105 Nm–2]
102 101 99 100
(A) (B) (C) (D)
101 99 100 99
Q.11 An open and wide glass tube is immersed vertically in mercury in such a way that length 0.05 m extends
above mercury level. The open end of the tube is closed and the tube is raised further by 0.43 m. The
length of air column above mercury level in the tube will be : Take Patm = 76 cm of mercury
(A) 0.215 m (B) 0.2 m (C) 0.1 m (D) 0.4 m
Q.12 A vessel of volume 0.02 m3 contains a mixture of hydrogen and helium at 20°C and 2 atmospheric
pressure. The mass of mixture is 5 gms. Find the ratio of mass of hydrogen to that of helium in the
mixture.
(A) 1 : 2 (B) 1 : 3 (C) 2 : 3 (D) 3 : 2
Q.13 An ideal gas follows a process PT = constant. The correct graph between pressure & volume is
Q.14 The process AB is shown in the diagram. As the gas is taken from A to B,
its temperature
(A) initially increases then decreases (B) initially decreases then increases
(C) remains constant (D) variation depends on type of gas
Q.15 During an experiment an ideal gas oberys an addition equation of state P2V = constant. The initial
temperature and pressure of gas are T and V respectively. When it expands to volume 2V, then its
temperature will be :
(A) T (B) 2T (C) 2 T (D) 2 2 T
Q.16 A barometer tube, containing mercury, is lowered in a vessel containing mercury until only 50 cm of the
tube is above the level of mercury in the vessel. If the atmospheric pressure is 75 cm of mercury, what is
the pressure at the top of the tube?
(A) 33.3 kPa (B) 66.7 kPa (C) 3.33 MPa (D) 6.67 MPa
Q.18 A vessel with open mouth contains air at 60°C. When the vessel is heated upto temperature T, one fourth
of the air goes out. The value of T is
(A) 80°C (B) 171°C (C) 333°C (D) 444°C
Q.19 28 gm of N2 gas is contained in a flask at a pressure of 10 atm and at a temperature of 57°. It is found
that due to leakage in the flask, the pressure is reduced to half and the temperature reduced to 27°C.
The quantity of N2 gas that leaked out is
(A) 11/20 gm (B) 20/11 gm (C) 5/63 gm (D) 63/5 gm
Q.21 The temperature of a gas is doubled (i) on absolute scale (ii) on centigrade scale. The increase in root
mean square velocity of gas will be
(A) More in case (i) (B) More in case (ii) (C) Same in both case (D) Information not sufficient
Q.22 A cylinder containing gas at 27°C is divided into two parts of equal volume each 100cc and at equal
pressure by a piston of cross sectional area 10.85 cm2. The gas in one part is raised in temperature to
100°C while the other maintained at original temperature. The piston and wall are perfect insulators.
How far will the piston move during the change in temperature?
(A) 1 cm (B) 2 cm (C) 0.5 cm (D) 1.5 cm
Q.23 12gms of gas occupy a volume of 4×10–3 m3 ata temperature of 7oC. After the gas is heated at constant
pressure its density becomes 6×10–4gm/cc. What is the temperature to which the gas was heated.
(A) 1000K (B) 1400K (C) 1200K (D) 800K
Q.27 An ideal gas of Molar mass M is contained in a vertical tube of height H, closed at both ends. The tube
is accelerating vertically upwards with acceleration g. Then, the ratio of pressure at the bottom and the
mid point of the tube will be
(A) exp[2MgH/RT] (B) exp[–2MgH/RT] (C) exp[MgH/RT] (D) MgH/RT
Q.29 One mole of an ideal gas at STP is heated in an insulated closed container until the average speed of its
molecules is doubled. Its pressure would therefore increase by factor.
(A) 1.5 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D) 4
Q.30 Three particles have speeds of 2u , 10u and 11u. Which of the following statements is correct?
(A) The r.m.s. speed exceeds the mean speed by about u.
(B) The mean speed exceeds the r.m.s. speed by about u.
(C) The r.m.s. speed equals the mean speed.
(D) The r.m.s. speed exceeds the mean speed by more than 2u.
9
Q.31 The ratio of specific heats of a gas is , then the number of degrees of freedom of the gas molecules
7
for translational motion is :
(A) 7 (B) 3 (C) 6 (D) none
Q.32 A diatomic gas of molecules weight 30 gm/mole is filled in a container at 27°C. It is moving at a velocity
100 m/s. If it is suddenly stopped, the rise in temperature of gas is :
60 600 6 10 4 6 105
(A) (B) (C) (D)
R R R R
Q.33 One mole of an ideal diatomic gas is taken through the cycle as shown in the figure.
1 2 : isochoric process 2 3 : straight line on P-V diagram
3 1 : isobaric process
The average molecular speed of the gas in the states 1, 2 and 3 are in the ratio
(A) 1 : 2 : 2 (B) 1 : 2 : 2 (C) 1 : 1 : 1 (D) 1 : 2 : 4
Q.39 Two monoatomic ideal gas at temperature T1 and T2 are mixed. There is no loss of energy. If the masses
of molecules of the two gases are m1 and m2 and number of their molecules are n1 and n2 respectively.
The temperature of the mixture will be :
T1 T2 n 2 T1 n1T2 n1T1 n 2 T2
(B) n n
T1 T2
(A) n n (C) n1 n 2 (D) n1 n 2
1 2 1 2
Q.40 At temperature T, N molecules of gas A each having mass m and at the same temperature 2N molecules
of gas B each having mass 2m are filled in a container. The mean sqaure velocity of molecules of gas B
is v2 and mean square of x component of velocity of molecules of gas A is w2. The ratio of w2/v2 is :
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 1/3 (D) 2/3
Q.41 Five particles have speeds 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 m/s. the average velocity of the particles is (in m/s)
(A) 3 (B) 0 (C) 2.5 (D) cannot be calculated.
Q.42 A given mass of a gas expands from a state A to the state B by three paths 1, 2 T 1 B
and 3 as shown in T-V indicator diagram. If W1, W2 and W3 respectively be
2
the work done by the gas along the three paths, then A 3
(A) W1 > W2 > W3 (B) W1 < W2 < W3 O V
Q.46 A reversible adiabatic path on a P-V diagram for an ideal gas passes through state A where P=0.7×105 N/
m–2 and v = 0.0049 m3. The ratio of specific heat of the gas is 1.4. The slope of path at A is :
(A) 2.0 × 107 Nm–5 (B) 1.0 × 107 Nm–5 (C) – 2.0 × 107 Nm–5 (D) –1.0 × 107 Nm–5
Q.48 An ideal gas is taken from point A to point C on P-V diagram through
two process AOC and ABC as shown in the figure. Process AOC is
isothermal
(A) Process AOC requires more heat than process ABC.
(B) Process ABC requires more heat than process AOC.
(C) Both process AOC & ABC require same amount of heat.
(D) Data is insufficient for comparison of heat requirement for the two processes.
Q.49 One mole of an ideal gas is contained with in a cylinder by a frictionless piston and is initially at
temperature T. The pressure of the gas is kept constant while it is heated and its volume doubles. If R is
molar gas constant, the work done by the gas in increasing its volume is
(A) RT ln2 (B) 1/2 RT (C) RT (D) 3/2 RT
Q.50 The figure, shows the graph of logarithmic reading of pressure and volume for two
ideal gases A and B undergoing adiabatic process. From figure it can be concluded
that
(A) gas B is diatomic (B) gas A and B both are diatomic
(C) gas A is monoatomic (D) gas B is monoatomic & gas A is diatomic
Q.51 A thermodynamic cycle takes in heat energy at a high temperature and rejects energy at a lower
temperature. If the amount of energy rejected at the low temperature is 3 times the amount of work done
by the cycle, the efficiency of the cycle is
(A) 0.25 (B) 0.33 (C) 0.67 (D) 0.9
Q.52 Monoatomic, diatomic and triatomic gases whose initial volume and pressure are same, are compressed
till their volume becomes half the initial volume.
(A) If the compression is adiabatic then monoatomic gas will have maximum final pressure.
(B) If the compression is adiabatic then triatomic gas will have maximum final pressure.
(C) If the compression is adiabatic then their final pressure will be same.
(D) If the compression is isothermal then their final pressure will be different.
Q.53 If heat is added at constant volume, 6300J of heat are required to raise the temperature of an ideal gas
by 150K. If instead, heat is added at constant pressure, 8800 joules are required for the same temperature
change. When the temperature of the gas changes by 300K, the internal energy of the gas changes by
(A) 5000J (B) 12600J (C) 17600J (D) 22600J
1 1 1 1 1 1
(B) Q + p0 (C) Q + p0 (D) Q - p0
(A) Q
1 2 2 1 1 2
Q.56 A polyatomic gas with six degrees of freedom does 25J of work when it is expanded at constant pressure.
The heat given to the gas is
(A) 100J (B) 150J (C) 200J (D) 250J
Q.57 An ideal gas expands from volume V1 to V2. This may be achieved by either of the three processes:
isobaric, isothermal and adiabatic. Let U be the change in internal energy of the gas, Q be the quantity
of heat added to the system and W be the work done by the system on the gas. Identify which of the
following statements is false for U?
(A) U is least under adiabatic process.
(B) U is greatest under adiabatic process.
(C) U is greatest under the isobaric process.
(D) U in isothermal process lies in-between the values obtained under isobaric and adiabatic processes.
Q.59 A perfect gas is found to obey the relation PV3/2 = constant, during an adiabatic process. If such a gas, initially
at a temperature T, is compressed adiabatically to half its initial volume, then its final temperature will be
(A) 2T (B) 4T (C) 2T (D) 22T
Q.60 A ideal monoatomic gas is carried around the cycle ABCDA as shown
in the fig. The efficiency of the gas cycle is
4 2
(A) (B)
21 21
4 2
(C) (D)
31 31
Q.61 A gas takes part in two processes in which it is heated from the same
initial state 1 to the same final temperature. The processes are shown on
the P-V diagram by the straight line 1-2 and 1-3. 2 and 3 are the points
on the same isothermal curve. Q1 and Q2 are the heat transfer along the
two processes. Then
(A) Q1 = Q2 (B) Q1 < Q2
(C) Q1 > Q2 (D) insufficient data
Q.63 A cylinder made of perfectly non conducting material closed at both ends is divided into two equal parts
by a heat proof piston. Both parts of the cylinder contain the same masses of a gas at a temperature
t0 = 27° and pressure P0 = 1 atm. Now if the gas in one of the parts is slowly heated to t = 57°C while
the temperature of first part is maintained at t0 the distance moved by the piston from the middle of the
cylinder will be (length of the cylinder = 84 cm)
(A) 3 cm (B) 5 cm (C) 2 cm (D) 1 cm
Q.64 1 gm water at 100°C and 105Pa pressure converts into 1841cm3 of steam at constant temperature and
pressure. If latent heat of vapourization of water is 2250 J/gm. The change in internal energy of water in
this process is
(A) zero (B) 2250 J (C) 2066 J (D) none
Q.65 Two identical vessels A & B contain equal amount of ideal monoatomic
gas. The piston of A is fixed but that of B is free. Same amount of heat is
absorbed by A & B. If B's internal energy increases by 100 J the change
in internal energy of A is
500
(A) 100 J (B) J
3
(C) 250 J (D) none of these
Q.69 A closed container is fully insulated from outside. One half of it is filled with an
ideal gas X separated by a plate P from the other half Y which contains a vacuum
as shown in figure. When P is removed, X moves into Y. Which of the following
statements is correct?
(A) No work is done by X (B) X decreases in temperature
(C) X increases in internal energy (D) X doubles in pressure
Q.71 A cyclic process ABCA is shown in PT diagram. When presented on PV, it would
Q.2 An ideal gas expands in such a way that PV2 = constant throughout the process.
(A) The graph of the process of T-V diagram is a parabola.
(B) The graph of the process of T-V diagram is a straight line.
(C) Such an expansion is possible only with heating.
(D) Such an expansion is possible only with cooling.
Q.3 A gas expands such that its initial and final temperature are equal. Also, the process followed by the gas
traces a straight line on the P-V diagram :
(A) The temperature of the gas remains constant throughout.
(B) The temperature of the gas first increases and then decreases
(C) The temperature of the gas first decreases and then increases
(D) The stright line has a negative slope.
Q.4 Figure shows the pressure P versus volume V graphs for two different gas sample
at a given temperature. MA and MB are masses of two samples, nA and nB are
numbers of moles. Which of the following must be incorect.
(A) MA > MB (B) MA < MB
(C) nA > nB (D) nA < nB
Mgh
(C) The variation of density = 0 e RT
(D) The molecular density decreases as one moves upwards.
Q.8 During an experiment, an ideal gas is found to obey a condition VP2 = constant. The gas is initially at a
temperature T, pressure P and volume V. The gas expands to volume 4V.
P
(A) The pressure of gas changes to
2
(B) The temperature of gas changes to 4T
(C) The graph of above process on the P-T diagram is parabola
(D) The graph of above process on the P-T diagram is hyperbola.
P2
Q.9 During an experiment, an ideal gas is found to obey a condition = constant [ = density of the gas]. The
gas is initially at temperature T, pressure P and density . The gas expands such that density changes to 2 .
(A) The pressure of the gas changes to 2 P
(B) The temperature of the gas changes to 2 T
(C) The graph of above process on the P–T diagram is parabola
(D) The graph of the above process on the P–T diagram is hyperbola.
Q.10 According to kinetic theory of gases, which of following statement will be true.
(A) Ideal gases can not be liquified
(B) The molecules of ideal gas do not obey newtons laws of motion.
(C) Pressure of gas is always inversely proportional to its volume
(D) molecules of gas never move in straight line.
Q.12 Two vessels of the same volume contain the same gas at same temperature. If the pressure in the vessels
be in the ratio of 1 : 2, then
(A) the ratio of the average kinetic energy is 1 : 2
(B) the ratio of the root mean square velocity is 1 : 1
(C) the ratio of the average velocity is 1 : 2
(D) the ratio of number of molecules is 1 : 2
Q.14 A vertical cylinder with heat-conducting walls is closed at the bottom and is fitted with a smooth light
piston. It contains one mole of an ideal gas. The temperature of the gas is always equal to the surrounding’s
temperature, T0. The piston is moved up slowly to increase the volume of the gas to times. Which of
the following is incorrect?
(A) Work done by the gas is RT0 ln .
(B) Work done against the atmosphere is RT0( 1).
(C) There is no change in the internal energy of the gas.
1
( 1)
(D) The final pressure of the gas is times its initial pressure.
Q.15 A closed vessel contains a mixture of two diatomic gases A and B. Molar mass of A is 16 times that of B
and mass of gas A contained in the vessel is 2 times that of B. The following statements are given
(i) Average kinetic energy per molecule of A is equal to that of B.
(ii) Root mean square value of translational velocity of B is four times that of A.
(iii) Pressure exerted by B is eight times of that exerted by A.
(iv) Number of molecules of B in the cylinder is eight time that of A.
(A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are true (B) (ii), (iii) and (iv) are true
(C) (i), (ii) and (iv) are true (D) All are true
Q.17 What is/are the same for O2 and NH3 in gaseous state
(A) ratio of specific heats
(B) average velocity
(C) maximum no. of vibrational degree of freedom
(D) None of these
Q.18 A piston is slowly pushed into a metal cylinder containing an ideal gas. Which of the following statements
is/are incorrect?
(A) The pressure of the gas increases
(B) The number of the molecules per unit volume increases
(C) The average speed of gas molecules increases
(D) The frequency of collision of the gas molecules with the piston increases.
Q.22 Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas have volume 1 cm3 each at N.T.P.
(A) Number of molecules is same in both the gases.
(B) The rms velocity of molecules of both the gases is the same.
(C) The internal energy of each gases is the same
(D) The average velocity of molecules of each gas is the same.
Q.23 A gas is enclosed in a vessel at a constant temperature at a pressure of 5 atmosphere and volume 4 litre.
Due to a leakage in the vessel, after some time, the pressure is reduced to 4 atmosphere. As a result, the
(A) volume of the gas decreased by 20% (B) average K.E. of gas molecule decreases by 20%
(C) 20% of the gas escaped due to the leakage (D) 25% of the gas escaped due to the leakage
Q.24 In case of hydrogen and oxygen at N.T.P., which of the following quantities is / are the same?
(A) average momentum per molecule (B) average kinetic energy per molecule
(C) kinetic energy per unit volume (D) kinetic energy per unit mass
Q.25 A container holds 1026 molecules/m3, each of mass 3 × 10–27 kg. Assume that 1/6 of the molecules
move with velocity 2000 m/s directly towards one wall of the container while the remaining 5/6 of the
molecules move either away from the wall or in perpendicular direction, and all collisions of the molecules
with the wall are elastic
(A) number of molecules hitting 1 m2 of the wall every second is 3.33 × 1028.
(B) number of molecules hitting 1 m2 of the wall every second is 2 × 1029.
(C) pressure exerted on the wall by molecules is 24 × 105Pa.
(D) pressure exerted on the wall by molecules is 4 × 105Pa.
Q.26 An ideal gas is taken from state 1 to state 2 through optional path A, B, C & D
as shown in P-V diagram. Let Q, W and U represent the heat supplied, work
done & internal energy of the gas respectively. Then
(A) QB – WB > QC – WC (B) QA – QD = WA – WD
(C) WA < WB < WC < WD (D) QA > QB > QC > QD
Question Bank on KTG & Thermodynamics [15]
Q.27 A student records Q, U & W for a thermodynamic cycle A B C A.
Certain entries are missing. Find correct entry in following options.
(A) WBC = – 70 J (B) QCA = 130 J
(C) UAB = 190 J (D) UCA = – 160 J
Q.28 Two moles of monoatomic gas is expanded from (P0, V0) to (P0 , 2V0) under isobaric condition. Let
Q1, be the heat given to the gas, W1 the work done by the gas and U1 the change in internal energy.
Now the monoatomic gas is replaced by a diatomic gas. Other conditions remaining the same. The
corresponding values in this case are Q2 , W2 , U2 respectively, then
(A) Q1 – Q2 = U1 – U2 (B) U2 + W2 > U1 + W1
(C) U2 > U1 (D) All of these
Q.30 An enclosed ideal gas is taken through a cycle as shown in the figure. Then
(A) Along AB, temperature decreases while along BC temperature increases
(B) Along AB, temperature increases while along BC the temperature decreases.
(C) Along CA work is done by the gas and the internal energy remains constant.
(D) Along CA work is done on the gas and internal energy of the gas increases.
Q.31 Two gases have the same initial pressure, volume and temperatue. They expand to the same final volume,
one adiabatically and the other isothermally
(A) The final temperature is greater for the isothermal process
(B) The final pressure is greater for the isothermal process
(C) The work done by the gas is greater for the isothermal process
(D) All the above options are incorrect
Q.32 In the previous question, if the two gases are compressed to the same final volume
(A) the final temperature is greater for the adiabatic process
(B) the final pressure is greater for the adiabatic process
(C) the work done on the gas is greater for the adiabatic process
(D) all the above options are incorrect
Q.33 The first law of thermodynamics can be written as U = Q + W for an ideal gas. Which of the
following statements is correct?
(A) U is always zero when no heat enters or leaves the gas
(B) W is the work done by the gas in this written law.
(C) U is zero when heat is supplied and the temperature stays constant
(D) Q = –W when the temperature increases very slowly.
Q.35 For two different gases X and Y, having degrees of freedom f1 and f2 and molar heat capacities at
constant volume CV1 and CV2 respectively, the ln P versus ln V graph is plotted for adiabatic process,
as shown
(A) f1 > f2 (B) f2 > f1
(C) C V2 > C V1 (D) C V1 > C V2
Q.36 2 moles of a monoatomic gas are expanded to double its initial volume, through a process P/V = constant.
If its initial temperature is 300 K, then which of the following is not true.
(A) T = 900 K (B) Q = 3200 R (C) Q = 3600 R (D) W = 900 R