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Multiple Choice - Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. When the force on rocks is great enough, they break, producing vibrations called ____.
a. faults c. strains
b. earthquakes d. stresses
____ 2. Once the elastic limit of rocks is passed, they break and move along surfaces called ____.
a. faults c. strains
b. earthquakes d. stresses
____ 3. The point on Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake is the ____.
a. focus c. fault
b. epicenter d. inner core
____ 7. The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and triggers an earthquake is called the
a. syncline.
b. footwall.
c. epicenter.
d. focus.
____ 8. Use the Mercalli scale below to answer this question.
You are eating dinner when the lamp above the table begins to swing. After a few seconds it stops. According
to the Mercalli scale, how strong was the earthquake you felt?
a. magnitude 2 b. magnitude 4 c. magnitude 6 d. magnitude 8
____ 9. S waves are also known as
a. primary waves.
b. secondary waves.
c. surface waves.
d. focus waves.
____ 10. The risk of earthquakes is high along the Pacific coast of the United States because
a. there have been no earthquakes there lately.
b. serious earthquakes are rare east of the Rockies.
c. satellites have detected increasing elevation of the ground surface.
d. that's where the Pacific and North American plates meet.
____ 11. As depth beneath Earth's surface increases, temperature and pressure
a. both increase.
b. both decrease.
c. approach zero.
d. stay the same.
____ 14. Most geologists think that the movement of Earth's plates is caused by
a. gravity.
b. subduction.
c. convection currents in the asthenosphere.
d. Earth's magnetic field.
____ 15. The geological theory that states that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant, slow motion is the theory of
a. subduction.
b. plate tectonics.
c. deep-ocean trenches.
d. sea-floor spreading.
Fill-in-the blank
Choose the correct word from the word bank to complete each sentence.
Mantle
Continental drift
Convection
Crust
Increases
Decreases
Pangea
Inner core
Outer core
17. The ____________ has high temperatures that softens rock and flows in convection currents.
18. Alfred Wegener provided evidence from landforms and climate in support of his theory of
________________
20. One of the forces that cause tectonic plates to move is _______________currents in the asthenosphere.
22. The _______________ is solid due to tremendous pressure and is the hottest layer of Earth.
23.
24.
25.
26.
LABEL EACH OF THE FOLLOWING
BOUNDARIES, AS CONVERGENT
DIVERGENT, OR TRANSFORM. Then
list one physical feature that results.
27.
28...____________________________
29.
30.____________________________
31.
32.____________________________
33.
34.____________________________
36. __________________________