Types of Organic

Compounds
Carbohydrates
Elements Monomers

carbon hydrogen oxygen

6 1 8

C H O
12.011 1.0079 15.999

C6H12O6 C6H12O6

Function: ● Can be broken down to provide cells with energy

● Used in the cell structure of plants
Examples

Sucrose
C12H22O11 Maltose
Lactose C12H22O11
C12H22O11
Lipids
Elements Monomers

carbon hydrogen oxygen C3H8O3

6 1 8

C H O
12.011 1.0079 15.999

Function: ● Can be broken down to provide

cells with energy
● Can be used in cell structure
● Can provide warmth (fat)
Examples

Monolaurin
C15H30O4 1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl octadecanoate
Triolein C21H42O5
C57H104O6
Proteins
Elements Monomers

carbon hydrogen oxygen

6 1 8

C
12.011
H
1.0079
O
15.999

nitrogen sulphur
7 16

N
14.007
S
32.065
Amino Acids

Function: ● Makes hair, nails, tissue, bones, enzymes, muscles, skin, blood, etc.
● Helps with eyesight and other body functions
Examples

Hemoglobin

Alpha-amylase
Insulin
Nucleic Acids
Elements Monomers
carbon hydrogen oxygen
6 1 8 Phosphate Group, Sugar, Nitrogen Base

C
12.011
H
1.0079
O
15.999

nitrogen phosphorus
7 15

N P
30.974
14.007

Function: ● Used for energy (ATP/ADP)

● Stores information on building proteins (DNA)
● Builds Proteins (RNA)
Examples

ATP

RNA DNA
Summary
Function in Organisms Examples Building Blocks

Carbohydrates Used for energy and Glucose, Fructose, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and
plant cell structure Sucrose, Maltose, Carbon which make up
Starch Basic Sugars

Lipids Used for energy and Saturated, Unsaturated, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and
animal cell structure Trans Carbon which make up
(warmth) Glycerol and Fatty
Acids

Proteins Used for a variety of Globins, Enzymes, Carbon, Hydrogen,

things within the human Insulin Oxygen, Nitrogen, and
body Sulphur which make up
Amino Acids

Nucleic Acids Used to store ATP, ADP, DNA, RNA Carbon, Hydrogen,
information on building Oxygen, Nitrogen, and
proteins and to build Phosphorus which
proteins make up Nucleotides.
Sources
● http://sjzbsfactory.com/ufile/20141232113096920.jpg
● http://img2.timeinc.net/health/images/gallery/eating/lactose-intolerante-food-400x400.jpg
● http://photos2.demandstudios.com/DM-Resize/photos.demandstudios.com%2Fgetty%2Farticle%2F211%2F125%2F104143837
_XS.jpg?w=400&h=10000&keep_ratio=1
● http://study.com/cimages/multimages/16/maltose_haworth.png
● https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Lactose_Haworth.svg/300px-Lactose_Haworth.svg.png
● https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Saccharose2.svg/200px-Saccharose2.svg.png
● http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Organic/sugar.html
● https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disaccharide
● http://www.lop.parl.gc.ca/content/lop/ResearchPublications/images/prb0521e-3.jpg
● https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Glycerin_-_Glycerol.svg/220px-Glycerin_-_Glycerol.svg.png
● http://www.prettyhealthy.co/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/saturated-and-unsaturated-fat-molecule.gif
● https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-molecular-formula-of-hemoglobin-How-is-it-determined
● http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P02062
● http://www.cryst.bbk.ac.uk/education/AminoAcid/the_twenty.html
Sources (Continued)
● http://www.astrochem.org/sci_img/aminoacid.jpg
● http://www.newhealthadvisor.com/images/1HT18566%20foods%20high%20in%20trans%20fat/Trans-Fats-%202.jpg
● http://images.wisegeek.com/bottle-of-olive-oil.jpg
● http://ghk.h-cdn.co/assets/16/08/980x490/landscape-1456165374-bacon-strips.jpg
● http://creationwiki.org/pool/images/7/74/Triglyceride.gifhttp://archive.cnx.org/resources/14cf9a1c1bd7d93d5a51bffee3de77904e
c0cfb5/Figure_02_03_07.jpg
● http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P69905
● http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A6XGL2
● https://www.aic.cuhk.edu.hk/web8/Hi%20res/RBC.png
● https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/InsulinHexamer.jpg
● https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Salivary_alpha-amylase_1SMD.png
● https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Protein_HBB_PDB_1a00.png
● https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/PDB_1hbb_EBI.jpg
● https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/1GZX_Haemoglobin.png/800px-1GZX_Haemoglobin.png
● https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Homelard.jpg/250px-Homelard.jpg
● http://www.advancedhealing.com/wp-content/uploads/monolaurin_lauric_acid_lauracidin.png
● http://theorganiclifeblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Coconut-Oil-Web.jpg
● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triolein#/media/File:Triolein.PNG
● http://www.drcruzan.com/Images/Biology/ATP/ATP_MainImage.png
● https://dlc.dcccd.edu/images/biology/lesson3/phosphate_group.jpg
● http://image.slidesharecdn.com/rna-130302235238-phpapp01/95/rna-structure-types-and-functions-3-638.jpg?cb=1362269697