“EVALUATION OF THE MINI ICE PLANT SCALE MODEL””

Undergraduate project study manuscript submitted in partial fulfillment of the

requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering from the
Mariano Marcos State University, Batac City, 2906 Ilocos Norte. Prepared under the
guidance of Engr. Nathaniel Ericson R. Mateo.

STANLEY JOHN C. BALANTAC

MARC DANIELLE G. JOSUE
RENZ JOSHUA L. TABAY

Rationale of the Activity

Ice Plant is a complete installation for the production and storage of ice, including the

icemaker itself, which is the unit that converts water into ice together with the associated

refrigeration machinery, harvesting and storage equipment and the building.

In this particular activity, the Mini Ice Plant Scale Model serves as laboratory

equipment for evaluating of parts and its properties such as Coefficient of performance and

the Freezing time of water.

General Objective:

This activity is to evaluate the performance of the Mini Ice Plant Scale Model of the

department.

Specific Objectives:

The following lists are the specific objectives of this activity.

1. Evaluate the components of the equipment as to functionality

 2. Evaluate the performance of the Mini Ice Plant Scale Model as regards to:

 Coefficient of Performance

 Freezing time

Locale of the Study

This activity will be conducted at Mariano Marcos State University college of

Engineering. The laboratory equipment will then be located at the Mechanical Engineering

laboratory room.

Methodology

I. As to components functionality:

EVALUATION
FUNCTION NOT
COMPONENTS FUNCTION
REMARKS

Compressor

Condenser

Filter Drier

Expansion Valve
 Evaporator

Thermocontroller

II. To determine the Coefficient of Performance of the Mini Ice Plant Scale Model we will

conduct an actual and theoretical test. We will solve the refrigerating effect compared to the

power supplied to the compressor simply;

ℜ
COP=
W Compression

PROCEDURE:

Check the model if is in good condition before performing the experiment. Check if

there is no leakage in the system. A cool surrounding is preferred for the experiment.

If the refrigerant in the system is minimal, charge an additional refrigerant. The

refrigerant used is R22, ranging from 40-60 psi in the analyzer

Before starting, prepare the brine solution. 0.15 kg of salt per liter of water. Mix first the

solution by using the agitator of the system.

Check if all the circuits are okay. Start the system.

Set the thermometer to the maximum value for continuous operation of the system.
 Let the system run and wait until the brine reaches -4 .While waiting, prepare the ice

cans with water containing 175 ml of water each can when the brine is already at -4 degrees

Celsius, place the load, record the time initial monitor the system until the load becomes ice.

Record the final temperature and pressure from the pressure gauges, plot the different

points in the PH diagram and calculate the work of the compression, work of the condenser,

refrigerating effect, tons of ice capacity, COP and TOR .

Fig.8-53 schematic diagram for the ideal vapor-compressor

The p-h diagram in the figure 8-53 will be used in the evaluation of the mini-ice plant.

Using the diagram, the work of compression, work of the condenser, and refrigerating effect.

The work of compression in kW can be determined in the process 1-2, using the diagram, the

work of compression is

Work of the compression, Wc, = mref(H2-H1)

Where:
 H1 = enthalpy at the compressor inlet

H2 = enthalpy at the compressor discharge

Mref = mass flow of the refrigerant

The second process in the system is the condensation process, the superheated

refrigerant flowing through the condenser rejects heat to the surrounding. This rejection of

the heat is the work of the condenser. Considering the process 2-3, the work at the condenser

is

Work of the condenser: = mref(H2-H3)

Where:

H2 = enthalpy at the compressor inlet

H3 = enthalpy at the condenser outlet

The expansion valve reduces the pressure of the system from point 3 to point 4 and

consequently the temperature decreases. The decrease if pressure and temperature enables the

refrigerant to absorb heat which occurs in the evaporator. This work on the evaporator is also

known as the refrigerating effect, Qa, which occurs in point 4 to point 1. Thus, the

refrigerating effect is equal to

Refrigerating effect = Mref = (H1-H4)

Where:

H1 = enthalpy at the compressor inlet

 H2 = enthalpy at the evaporator inlet

Where:

COP = coefficient of performance

RE = refrigerating effect

Wcompresion= work of compressor

In addition, in determining the Actual Freezing Time is based on number of ice cans to be

used:

 Two Cans

 Four Cans

Conceptual Framework

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Assessment of the Performance of the Evaluation of the

MIPSM system system

 Design  Troubleshooting  COP

 Functionality  Repairing/Repla  Freezing time
 Specifications cing

Review of Related Literature

I. Refrigeration may be defined as the process of achieving and maintaining a

temperature below that of the surroundings, the aim being to freeze ice, cool some product, or

space to the required temperature. The basis of modern refrigeration is the ability of liquids to
absorb enormous quantities of heat as they boil and evaporate. One of the important

applications of refrigeration is in ice plant. Ice plant is used for producing refrigeration effect

to freeze potable water in standard cans placed in rectangular tank which is filled by brine.

Our project based on simple refrigeration system which uses the vapour compression cycle.

The vapour compression cycle comprises four process compression, condensing, and

expansion and evaporation process. Our ice plant mod el contains various parts such as-

Compressor, condenser, filter drier, Expansion valve, Evaporator coil, chilling tank and

various measuring equipment like digital temperature indicator, pressure gauges, energy

meter etc. The conventional ice plant has been studied and a prototype model of an ice plant

has been fabricated with above said accessories. The model is analyzed for its cooling

capacity assumed per unit mass flow rate of refrigerant. Its COP is also calculated. The model

is compared for its coefficient of performance (COP) and cooling capacity by using R-134 a

refrigerant with a theoretical COP and cooling capacity obtained using refrigerant R-22. The

variations found in COP and cooling capacity are 0.12 and 0.042 TR respectively for unit

mass flow rate of the refrigerant.