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Practice for Exam 2, questions

 Managing and Leading People in Organizations (Syracuse University)

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Sample Multiple Choice Questions

1. In the calm waters metaphor, ____________.

a. a constantly changing environment is interrupted by brief periods of calm
b. change is viewed as a temporary distraction in an otherwise predictable
environment
c. the external environment is unstable, complex, and dynamic
d. the future is not unknowable; all decisions must be made without complete
information

2. Kontek replaced the manually loaded diecast machines with robotic casting centers,
eliminating many of the burn hazards for its employees. This is an example of changing
the __________ of an organization.
a. Process consultation
b. Technology
c. People
d. Structure

3. "People will support what they help create" exemplifies which method of reducing
change resistance?
a. Negotiation
b. Co-optation
c. Facilitation
d. Participation

4. Which type of resistance to change is most likely to be beneficial to a company?

a. Conflict with company goals
b. Uncertainty
c. Habit
d. Fear of losing status or possessions

5. The EPA is planning to stiffen the requirements for cleaning pollutants from the stacks of
coal-fired electricity generating plants, requiring a 30% reduction by 2025. With respect
to organizational change, this would represent a change in ____________.
a. labor markets
b. the economy
c. the marketplace
d. government regulations

6. Management wanted to reclassify some of the maintenance people as computer

programmers but the union resisted because computer programmers were not union
members. As a consultant to management, you recommend ___________.
a. Negotiation

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b. Education
c. Coercion
d. Participation

7. Which of the following is an external force that would cause a company to make an
organizational change?
a. An organization-wide restructuring
b. The naming of a new CEO
c. A widening span of control for managers
d. A booming economy

8. Organizations can implement planned changes in various ways. The main purpose of
______________ is to __________________.
a. survey feedback; help managers diagnose interpersonal processes that need
improvement
b. intergroup development; clarify problems employees may be facing
c. process consultation; improve coordination among various groups
d. team building; increase members' trust and openness toward one another

9. You are hiring employees for your new entrepreneurial venture. You decide to use a
personality assessment as part of the hiring process. Because of the demands of the job,
you want to hire employees that identify opportunities, show initiative, take action, and to
act as an agent of change. Given this criteria, you would be looking to hire someone with:
a. Low self-monitoring ability
b. A high score on the Judging dimension of the Myers-Briggs
c. High levels of extraversion
d. A proactive personality

10. According to Festinger, which of the following scenarios would allow or cause an
individual to maintain rather than reduce dissonance:
a. The reward for maintaining dissonance is minimal.
b. They cannot control the elements causing the dissonance.
c. The elements causing the dissonance are extremely important to the individual.
d. They are able to rationalize the incompatibility between their thoughts and
actions.

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11. Helen is a baby-boomer human resources professional trying to understand why

participation in the retirement savings plan is so low among the millennials. She expected
her entire workforce would be as excited about it as she is. Which perceptual shortcut did
Helen likely use?
a. Assumed similarity
b. Halo effect
c. Stereotyping
d. Self-serving bias

12. "There is no reality beyond perception." Why is this statement important to managers?
a. Managers must define reality for their employees.
b. Employees react to perceptions, not to reality.
c. Employees will use this adage to justify their actions.
d. People are similar in their wants and needs. What works for one will work for all.

13. “The difference between God and Larry is that God does not believe that he is Larry.”
This statement would best describe someone who:
a. Is very Machiavellian
b. Is a narcissist
c. Has a Type A personality
d. Is a low self-monitor

14. Which one of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

a. If you and Cara can avoid getting into an argument for 90 days, I will remove this
disciplinary action from your record and no additional action will be taken.
b. The supervisor failed to respond when her subordinate shouted obscenities at her.
c. You are receiving this written disciplinary action because you and a co-worker
engaged in a fistfight on company property.
d. The employee was discharged for failing a drug test.

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15. You want to design a team that allows people from diverse areas within your organization
to meet to exchange information, solve problems, and coordinate complex projects.
Which of the following types of teams would be most appropriate given your goals?
a. Work groups
b. Problem-solving teams
c. Cross-functional teams
d. Virtual teams

16. Conformity can be a difficult problem for groups. Individuals tend to change their
attitudes and behaviors to conform to a group standard because:
a. Individuals tend to desire acceptance to important groups.
b. Individuals are uncomfortable when they perceive a disparity between what they
believe their status is and what others perceive it to be.
c. Individuals value their individual identity more than their social or group identity.
d. Groups provide a shield of anonymity, which stops individuals from engaging in
behaviors that they would not normally.

17. One of the primary reasons that social loafing occurs is that output contributions from
_______ be measured.
a. The group cannot
b. The group can
c. The individual cannot
d. The individual can

18. You are forming a cross-functional team, and you know that each group member has
unique information. You are concerned about shared information bias. Which of the
following will not help you reduce the effects of this bias?
a. Allow team members to take breaks
b. Encourage people to avoid disagreeing with other teammates in order to promote
cohesion.

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c. Encourage teammates to avoid making a judgment on the best solution until the
team has reviewed all of the information.
d. Acknowledge each person’s area of expertise.

19. Which of the following statements about groups and teams is not true?
a. Compared with teams, groups are interdependent.
b. Formal groups are defined by the organizational structure.
c. A task group is formed to solve a particular problem or to complete a specific
task.
d. During the norming phase of group development, group cohesiveness forms.

20. An individual who wants to buy a home in a neighborhood with a low crime rate is
satisfying which need?
a. Esteem
b. Safety
c. Physiological
d. Self-actualization

21. Theory Y assumes that people inherently

a. Are driven by fear
b. Are unhappy
c. Want to control their own destiny
d. Don’t trust one another

22. According to Herzberg, which of the following is considered a motivator?

a. Pay
b. Working conditions
c. Hygiene factors
d. Responsibility

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23. At your office, you hear the following feedback from Bilbo, one of your employees, “All
day, every day, I just fill out these forms. Form A. Form B. Form A. Form B. That is all I
do! I don’t think I can do this anymore. It is not enjoyable.” While redesigning the task in
order to improve the employee’s motivation, which of the following ideas would not be
useful?
a. Periodically shift employees. For one period, employees will complete forms. For
the next period, they will interact with customers.
b. Employees perform all tasks associated with one set of customers.
c. Provide feedback occasionally and only indicate problems and issues with the
work.
d. Allow employees to establish customer relations and gain feedback regarding the
significance of the work.

24. After you redesigned his job, Bilbo returns to you and tells you that he can tell that you
and the organization really values his contribution and cares about his well-being. Your
job redesign appears to have affected Bilbo’s
a. Organizational commitment
b. Perceived organizational support
c. Employee engagement
a. Job involvement

25. The job characteristics model maintains that ___________ is critical to motivating
employees.
a. How workers are treated
b. How jobs are designed
c. How equitable pay is
d. How specific goals are

26. According to Expectancy Theory, if a worker believes that his/her effort will result in
excellent performance and that the reward is one the worker values, but the worker does

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not expect that his/her individual performance will be rewarded, then the worker’s
motivation will be:
a. moderate.
b. high.
c. low.
d. zero.

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1. B
2. B
3. D
4. A
5. D
6. A
7. D
8. D
9. D
10. B
11. A
12. B
13. B
14. A
15. C
16. A
17. C
18. B
19. A
20. B
21. C
22. D
23. C
24. B
25. B
26. D

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