2012.

050 COMMERCE AQUATORIUM

3/16/15 COMMERCE, CA

SECTION 13152

SWIMMING POOL CONCRETE

PART 1 GENERAL

1.01 WORK INCLUDED

A. Forming for cast-in-place concrete and shotcrete associated with swimming pools and
pool decks.

B. Reinforcement for cast-in-place concrete and shotcrete associated with swimming pools
and pool decks.

C. Cast-in-place concrete for swimming pool structures and pool decks.

D. Provide labor, materials and equipment as required to install sealant for all pool deck
expansion joints, or any other caulking, as indicated on the aquatic Drawings and herein
specified.

1.02 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Qualifications of Workers:

1. The entity performing the work of this Section shall have been successfully engaged in
the respective trade for at least five (5) years immediately prior to commencement of
the Work.
2. For actual construction operations, use only trained and experienced workers with a
minimum of three (3) years experience with the materials and methods specified.
3. Provide at least one person who shall be present at all times during execution of the
work of this Section, with a minimum of five (5) years experience with the type of
materials being installed, the referenced standards, and who shall direct all Work
performed under this Section.

B. Standards:

1. In addition to complying with the California Building Code (latest edition), comply
with all pertinent recommendations contained in "Recommended Practice for
Concrete Formwork," Publication ACI 347 of the American Concrete Institute.
2. In addition to complying with California Building Code (latest edition), comply with all
pertinent recommendations contained in “Manual of Standard Practice for Detailing
Reinforced Concrete Structures,” Publication ACI 315 of the American Concrete
Institute.
3. In addition to comply with all local codes and regulations, comply with all pertinent
recommendations contained in American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM);
ASTM C 920 “Standard Specification for Elastomeric Joint Sealants.”
4. Where provisions of applicable codes and standards conflict with the requirements
of this Section, the more stringent provisions shall govern.

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C. Tolerances: Construct all swimming pool concrete straight, true, plumb and square within
a tolerance horizontally of one in 200 and vertically of one in 2000.

1.03 SUBMITTAL AND SUBSTITUTIONS

A. Provide submittals in conformance with the requirements of Section 01200.

B. Samples and Certificates, Concrete Reinforcement:

1. Provide all data and access required for testing as described in Section 01400 of
the Specifications.
2. All material shall bear mill tags with heat number identification. Mill analysis and
report shall be made available upon request.
3. Material not so labeled and identifiable may be required by the Owner’s
Representative to be tested by the testing laboratory selected by the Owner’s
Representative and at no additional cost to the Owner, in which case random
samples will be taken for one series of tests from each 2-1/2 tons or fraction thereof
of each size and kind of reinforcing steel.
4. Design mix from batch plant demonstrating previous use history and associated
strengths at 28 days.

C. Submit proof of qualifications as specified in Article 1.02.A of this Section.

D. Submit reinforcing shop drawings for pool walls, gutters, floors, dike walls and balance
tanks, etc. as shown on the construction drawing.

1.04 PRODUCT HANDLING

A. Delivery: Deliver materials to the Project Site in the manufacturer's original unopened
containers with all labels intact and legible.

B. Storage: Store materials under cover in a manner to prevent damage and contamination,
and store only the specified materials at the Project Site.

C. Protection: Use all means necessary to protect the swimming pool concrete before, during,
and after installation and to protect the installed Work specified in other Sections.

D. Replacements: In the event of damage, immediately make all repairs and replacements
necessary to the approval of the Owner’s Representative.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.01 CONCRETE FORMWORK

A. Form Materials:

1. Form Lumber: All form lumber in contact with exposed concrete shall be new except
as allowed for reuse of forms in Part 3 of this Section, and all form lumber shall be one

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of the following, a combination thereof, or an equal approved in advance by the

Owner’s Representative.

a. "Plyform," Class I or II, bearing the label of the Douglas Fir Plywood
Association; "Inner-Seal" Form as manufactured by Louisiana-Pacific, or
approved equal.
b. Douglas Fir-Larch, number two grade, seasoned, surfaced four sides.

2. Form Release Agent: Colorless, non-staining, free from oils; chemically reactive
agent that shall not impair bonding of paint or other coatings intended for use.

B. Ties and Spreaders:

1. Type: All form ties shall be a type which do not leave an open hole through the
concrete and which permits neat and solid patching at every hole.
2. Design: When forms are removed, all metal reinforcement shall be not less than
two (2) inches from the finished concrete surface.
3. Wire Ties and Wood Spreaders: Do not use wire ties or wood spreaders.

C. Alternate Forming Systems: Alternate forming systems may be used subject to the
advance approval of the Owner’s Representative.

2.02 CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT

A. Bars: Bars for reinforcement shall conform to “Specifications for Deformed Billet-Steel
Bars for Concrete Reinforcement,” ASTM A-615, Grade 60.

B. Wire Fabric: Wire fabric shall conform to “Specifications for Wire Fabric for Concrete
Reinforcement,” ASTM A-185.

C. Tie Wire: Tie wire for reinforcement shall conform to “Specifications for Cold-drawn Steel
Wire for Concrete Reinforcement,” ASTM A-82 black annealed 16 gauge tie wire.

2.03 CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE

A. Concrete:

1. All concrete, unless otherwise specifically permitted by the Owner’s Representative,

shall be transit-mixed in accordance with ASTM C94. Concrete for water retaining
structures that do not receive a waterproofing finish such as ceramic tile or swimming
pool plaster shall contain an integral waterproofing admixture.
2. The control of concrete production shall be under the supervision of a recognized
testing agency, selected by the Owner in accordance with Section 01400 of the
Specifications.
3. Quality: All concrete shall have the following minimum compressive strengths at
twenty-eight (28) days and shall be proportioned within the following limits:

a. 3,000 psi minimum compressive strength.

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b. 1” maximum size aggregate.

c. 6.0 minimum sacks of cement per cubic yard.*
d. 4” maximum slump.
* For estimate only: to be determined by mix design.

4. Cement: All cement shall be Portland Cement conforming to ASTM C-150, Type II, and
shall be the product of one manufacturer.
5. Aggregates:
a. Shall conform to “Standard Specifications for Concrete Aggregates,” ASTM C33,
except as modified herein.
b. Coarse Aggregate: Clean sound washed gravel or crushed rock. Crushing may
constitute not more than 30% of the total coarse aggregate volume. Not more
than 5% flat, thin, elongated or laminated material nor more than 1% deleterious
material shall be present. 1" aggregate graded from 1/4” to 1”, fineness modulus
6.90 to 7.40.
c. Fine Aggregate: Washed natural sand of hard, strong particles and shall contain
not more than 1% of deleterious material, fineness modulus 2.65 to 3.05.

6. Water: Clean, fresh, free from acid, alkali, organic matter or other impurities liable to be
detrimental to the concrete (potable).
7. Admixtures: Admixtures shall be used upon approval of the Owner's
Representative.

a. Air-entraining admixture: Conform to ASTM C260.

b. Water-reducing admixture: Conform to ASTM C494.
c. Waterproofing admixture: Conform to ASTM C494.

B. Construction Joints: Use keyform for slab pour joints. Either preformed galvanized or PVC
construction joint forms of a standard manufacturer may be used. Install per manufacturer's
recommendations and tool edges of slabs.

C. Waterstops: PVC bulb-type for use between concrete pours / lifts, conforming with ASTM D
570, D 624, and D 638. Provide in configuration(s) as recommended by manufacturer for
specific application. Greenstreak, W.R. Meadows, or approved equal.

D. Curing Materials:

1. Liquid Membrane (covered slab): Chlorinated rubber membrane forming, curing-

sealing compound conforming to ASTM C309.
2. Liquid Membrane (exposed slab): Clear methyl and butyl methacrylate non-staining,
membrane forming, curing-sealing compound conforming to ASTM C309.

E. Cement Grout and Drypack:

1. Cement Grout: Mix 1 part by volume of Portland Cement, 1/2 part by volume of water
and fine aggregate enough to make mixture flow under its' own weight.
2. Drypack: Mix 1 part by volume of Portland Cement, 1/2 part by volume of water and
fine aggregate enough to make a stiff mix that will mold into a ball. Mix no more than
can be used in 30 minutes.

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2.04 JOINT SEALANT MATERIALS

A. Caulking: Multipart, non-sag gun grade polyurethane based sealant meeting the
requirements of ASTM C920-02, Type S or M, Mamemco International, Pecora, Sika
Corp., Sonneborn Building Products, Tremco or approved equal. Self-leveling caulking
materials are not allowed.

B. Primer: Non-staining type, recommended by sealant manufacturer to suit application.

C. Joint Cleaner: Non-corrosive and non-staining type, recommended by sealant

manufacturer; compatible with joint forming materials.

D. Sealant Backer Rod: Provide compressible polyethylene or polyurethane backer rod as

recommended by the sealant manufacturer.

E. Bond Breaker Tape: Provide polyethylene tape or other plastic tape as recommended by
sealant manufacturer, to be applied to sealant-contact surfaces where bond to substrate
or joint filler must be avoided for proper performance of sealant.

F. Sand: Cover the surface of the caulking with #30 silica sand.

2.05 OTHER MATERIALS

A. All other materials, not specifically described but required for proper completion of the
work of this Section, shall be as selected by the Contractor subject to the advance review
by the Owner’s Representative.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.01 SURFACE CONDITIONS

A. Inspection:

1. Prior to all Work of this Section, carefully inspect the installed Work of other trades
and verify that all such Work is complete to the point where this installation may
properly commence.
2. Verify that all Work may be constructed in accordance with all applicable codes and
regulations, the referenced standards, and the original design.

B. Discrepancies:

1. In the event of discrepancy, immediately notify the Owner’s Representative.

2. Do not proceed with installation in areas of discrepancy until all such discrepancies
have been fully resolved.
3. Failure to notify the Owner’s Representative and give written notice of discrepancies
shall constitute acceptance by the Contractor of existing conditions as fit and proper
to receive work.

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3.02 CONCRETE FORMWORK

A. Construction of Forms:

1. General: Construct all required forms to be substantial, sufficiently tight to prevent

leakage of concrete paste, and able to withstand excessive deflection when filled
with wet concrete.
2. Layout:

a. Form for all required cast-in-place concrete to the shapes, sizes, lines and
dimensions indicated on the Drawings.
b. Exercise particular care in the layout of forms to avoid necessity for cutting
concrete after placement.
c. Make proper provisions for all openings, offsets, recesses, anchorages,
blocking and other features of the Work as shown or required.
d. Perform all forming required for Work of other trades and do all cutting and
repairing of forms required to permit such installation.
e. Carefully examine the Drawings and Specifications and consult with other
trades as required relative to providing for pipe and conduit penetrations,
reglets, chases and other items in the forms.

3. Imbedded Items: Set all required steel frames, angles, bolts, inserts and other such
items required to be anchored in the concrete prior to concrete being placed.
4. Bracings:

a. Properly brace and tie the forms together so as to maintain position and
shape and to ensure safety to workmen.
b. Construct all bracing, supporting members and centering of ample size and
strength to safely carry, without excessive deflection, all dead and live loads to
which they may be subjected.
c. Properly space the forms apart and securely tie them together, using metal
spreader ties that give positive tying and accurate spreading.

5. Wetting: Keep forms sufficiently wetted to prevent joints from opening up before
concrete is placed.

B. Plywood Forms:

1. Design: Nail the plywood panels directly to studs and apply in a manner to minimize
the number of joints.
2. Joints: Make all panel joints tight butt joints with all edges true and square.

C. Footing Forms:

1. Wood Forms: All footing forms shall be wood unless otherwise specifically approved
by the Owner’s Representative, or as specified in paragraph 3.02(C)(2).
2. Earth Forms:

a. Side walls for footings may be of earth provided the soil will stand without

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caving and the sides of the bank are made with a neat cut to the minimum
dimensions indicated on the Drawings.
b. For excavation and backfill of earth forms, conform with applicable provisions
of Section 13151.

D. Reuse of Forms:

1. Reuse of forms shall be subject to advance approval of the Owner’s Representative.

2. Except as specifically approved in advance by the Owner’s Representative, reuse of
forms shall in no way delay or change the schedule for placement of concrete from
the schedule obtainable if all forms were new.
3. Except as specifically approved in advance by the Owner’s Representative, reuse of
forms shall in no way impart less structural stability to the forms nor less acceptable
appearance to finished concrete.

E. Removal of Forms:

1. General:

a. In general, side forms of footings may be removed seven (7) calendar days
after placement of concrete, but time may be extended if deemed necessary
by the Owner’s Representative.
b. Forms for footings, foundations, grade beams, slabs, walls, and other formed
concrete may be removed fourteen (14) calendar days after placement of
concrete.

2. Removal:

a. Use all means necessary to protect workers, passersby, the installed Work of
other trades and the complete safety of the structure.
b. Cut nails and tie wires or form ties off flush, and leave all surfaces smooth and
clean.
c. Remove metal spreader ties on exposed concrete by removing or snapping off
inside the wall surface and pointing up and rubbing the resulting pockets to
match the surrounding areas.
d. Flush all holes resulting from the use of spreader ties and sleeve nuts using
water, and then solidly pack throughout the wall thickness with cement grout
applied under pressure by means of a grouting gun; grout shall be one part
Portland Cement to 2-1/2 parts sand; apply grout immediately after removing
forms.

3.03 CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT

A. Bending:

1. General:

a. Fabricate all reinforcement in strict accordance with the Drawings.

b. Do not use bars with kinks or bends not shown on the Drawings.

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c. Do not bend or straighten steel in a manner that will injure the material. (When
opposite end is already encased in concrete.)

2. Design:

a. Bend all bars cold.

b. Make bends for stirrups and ties around a pin having a diameter of not less
than two (2) times the minimum thickness of the bar.
c. Make bends for other bars, including hooks, around a pin having a diameter of
not less than six (6) times the minimum thickness of the bar.

B. Placing:
1. General: Before the start of concrete placement, accurately place all concrete
reinforcement, positively securing and supporting by concrete blocks, metal chairs
or spacers, or by metal hangers.
2. Clearance:

a. Preserve clear space between bars of not less than one and one-half (1-1/2)
times the nominal diameter of the round bars.
b. In no case let the clear space be less than one and one-half (1-1/2) inches nor
less than one and one-third (1-1/3) times the maximum size of the aggregate.
c. Provide the following minimum concrete covering of reinforcement:

1) Concrete deposited against earth: three (3) inches.

2) Concrete below grade deposited against forms: two (2) inches.
3) Concrete elsewhere: As indicated on Drawings or otherwise approved
by the Owner’s Representative.

3. Splicing:

a. Horizontal Bars:

1) Place bars in horizontal members with minimum lap at splices sufficient

to develop the strength of the bars.
2) Bars may be wired together at laps except at points of support of the
member, at which points preserve clear space described above.
3) Whenever possible, stagger the splices of adjacent bars.
4) Splice forty (40) bar diameters minimum.
5) Provide non-contact lap slices for shotcrete.

b. Wire Fabric: Make all splices in wire fabric at least one and one-half (1-1/2)
meshes wide.
c. Other Splices: Make only those other splices that are indicated on the
Drawings or specifically approved by the Owner’s Representative.

4. Dowels: Place all required steel dowels and securely anchor them into position
before concrete is placed.
5. Obstructions: In the event conduits, piping, inserts, sleeves and other items
interfere with placing reinforcement as indicated on the Drawings or otherwise

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required, immediately consult with the Owner’s Representative and obtain approval
of a new procedure prior to placing concrete.

C. Cleaning Reinforcement: Steel reinforcement, at the time concrete is placed around it,
shall be free from rust scale, loose mill scale, oil, paint and all other coatings which will
destroy or reduce the bond between steel and concrete.

3.04 SHOTCRETE REINFORCEMENT

A. The maximum size of reinforcement shall be No. 5 bars unless it can be demonstrated by
preconstruction tests that adequate encasement of larger bars can be achieved. When
No. 5 or smaller bars are used, there shall be a minimum clearance between parallel
reinforcement bars of 2-1/2 inches (64 mm). When bars larger than No. 5 are permitted,
there shall be a minimum clearance between parallel bars equal to six diameters of the
bars uses. When two curtains of steel are provided, the curtain nearest the nozzle shall
have a minimum spacing equal to 12 bar diameters and the remaining curtain shall have a
minimum spacing of six bar diameters.

B. Lap splices in reinforcing bars shall be by the non-contact lap splice method with at least
2 inches clearance between bars. The enforcement agency may permit the use of contact
lap splices when necessary for the support of the reinforcing provided it can be
demonstrated by means of preconstruction testing, that adequate encasement of the bars
at the splice can be achieved, and provided that the splices are placed so that a line
through the center of the two spliced bars is perpendicular to the surface of the shotcrete
work.

3.05 CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE

A. Conveying and Placing Concrete:

1. Before placing concrete, mixing and conveying equipment shall be well cleaned, and
the forms and space to be occupied by concrete shall be thoroughly cleaned and
wetted. Ground water shall be removed until the completion of the work.
2. No concrete shall be placed in any unit of work until all formwork has been completely
constructed, all reinforcement has been secured in place, all items to be built into
concrete are in place, and form ties at construction joints tightened.
3. Concrete shall be conveyed from mixer to place of final deposit in such a way to
prevent the separation or loss of ingredients. It shall be placed as nearly as practicable
in its’ final position to avoid rehandling or flowing. Concrete shall not be dropped freely
where reinforcing bars will cause segregation, nor shall it be dropped freely more than
six (6) feet. Use tremies, spouts and dump boxes in deep sections. Vibrators are not
acceptable for facilitating concrete transport.
4. Concrete shall be tamped and spaded to insure proper compaction into all parts of
forms and around reinforcement. A mechanical vibrator shall be used to thoroughly
compact the concrete. Vibration must be by direct action in the concrete and not
against forms or reinforcement.

B. Construction Joints / Expansion Joints: Construction joints and expansion joints shall be
provided at locations and in the manner shown on the Drawings. With exception of existing

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concrete / new shotcrete joints, use PVC bulb-type waterstops appropriate for design
condition between all concrete pours / lifts to avoid cold joints. Waterstops shall be placed in
such a way to protect reinforcing steel from rust and oxidation. All expansion joints must be
the full depth of the concrete section in which they are located.

C. Slab Finishes: Concrete slabs shall be compacted and screeded uniformly to grades shown.
Push large aggregates below the surface with a screen tamper, screed and bull float. As
soon as the surface becomes workable, it shall be wood floated, then finished as indicated on
the Drawings to a uniform smooth, true surface in a neat and workmanlike manner. Carefully
coordinate slab finish requirements with other trades (ceramic tile, pool plaster) to insure
concrete finish is appropriate substrate for final finish material.

1. Contractor shall provide three mock-up deck samples, minimum 2’x 2’, with a wedge
anchor installed in one sample. These (3) samples shall be constructed; one with a
light broom finish, one (1) with a medium broom finish and one (1) with a heavy broom
finish for determination and selection of an appropriate deck finish. Each sample shall
be edged on all four sides to demonstrate a 3/4” radius edge. Anchor installation shall
demonstrate acceptable interface between anchor and the top of deck. Deck samples
shall remain on job site through final inspection for reference.
2. Pool Floor Slab: Heavy Wire Broom Finish.

D. Protection and Curing:

1. Concrete shall be protected from injurious action of the elements and defacement of
any nature during construction.
2. All forms must be kept wet to prevent drying out of the concrete.
3. All concrete surfaces including footings must be kept wet for at least seven (7) days
after concrete is placed.
4. Apply the appropriate curing materials, as specified in 2.03 of this Section,
immediately after finishing slabs. Application shall be as specified by the
manufacturer.

E. Form Removal:

1. Take care in removing forms so that surfaces are not marred or gouged and that
corners are true, sharp and unbroken.
2. No steel spreaders, ties or other metal shall project from or be visible on any concrete
surfaces.

F. Defective Work:

1. Should the strength of any concrete for any portion of the work indicated by tests of
molded cylinders and core tests fall below minimum 28 days strength specified or
indicated, concrete will be deemed defective work and shall be replaced.
2. Concrete work that is not formed as indicated, is not true to intended alignment, not
plumb or level where so intended, not true to intended grades or elevations, not true to
specified or selected finish, contains sawdust shavings, wood, or embedded debris,
which exhibits cracks or contains fine or coarse sulfide particles, or expansive
aggregates detrimental to performance or appearance of the concrete shall be deemed

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defective.
3. Promptly perform work required to replace and properly clean (by sandblasting if
necessary) any defective concrete panels (control joint or expansion joint to control joint
or expansion joint), at Contractor's expense, including all expense of additional
inspection, tests, or supervision made necessary as a result of defective concrete.

3.06 EXPANSION JOINTS

A. Temperatures: Do not install sealants when air temperature is less than 40°F.

B. Tooling: Tool exposed joints to a slightly concave surface using slicking materials
recommended by the manufacturer. The tooling procedure shall press sealant against the
sides of the joint. No materials shall be left “feathered” out or smeared on the abutting
materials. Completed joints shall have a uniform professional appearance.

C. Joint Construction: Sealant joint width, thickness and cross-sectional profile to be

constructed in strict accordance with the sealant manufacturer’s recommendations.

D. Sand: At the appropriate time cover the sealant with sand to provide a sanded finish.

3.07 CLEAN-UP

A. Upon completion of the Work of this Section, immediately remove all swimming pool
concrete materials, debris and rubbish occasioned by this Work to the approval of the
Owner’s Representative.

END OF SECTION

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