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COLLEGE
WEEK 6:
TCP/IP Model
1
OUTLINE:
• Introduction
• TCP/IP protocol
Slide 2
Introduction
Slide 3
TCP/IP model development
• Layer 4: Application
• Layer 3: Transport
• Layer 2: Internet
• Layer 1: Network access
• Send source packets from any network on the internetwork and have
them arrive at the destination independent of the path and networks
they took to get there.
– Packets, Logical addressing.
– Internet Protocol (IP).
– Route , routing table, routing protocol.
Layer 3: The transport layer
• IP
– Path selection ,
– routing and addressing
• ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol )
– sends error messages relying on IP
• a requested service is not available
• a host or router could not be reached
Protocols at the link layer
• Ethernet
– Uses CSMA/CD
• Token Ring
Comparing TCP/IP with OSI
7th
Application Layer
6th
Presentation Layer Application Layer
5th
Session Layer
4th
Transport Layer
Transport Layer
3rd
Network Layer
Network Layer
2nd
Link Layer
Link Layer
1st
Physical Layer
How the OSI and TCP/IP Models Relate
in a Networking Environment
OSI
OSI Model Equipment Words to TCP/IP
Model Pneumonic Equipment Data Protocols
Name Purpose Remember Model
Layer
Redirector,
Layer 7 Application All FTP, Telnet, Browsers Application
Regular Computer SMTP,
or A Special SNMP, Common Data
Layer 6 Presentation People Computer Data Application
Gateway. Used to Netware Format
combine networks Core
using different NFS, SQL, Dialogues and
Layer 5 Session Seem communication Application
RPC, X-Win Conversations
protocols Quality of
Layer 4 Transport To Computer Segment TCP and UDP Service, and Transport
Reliability
Segment Network Routable
Path Selection,
into Smaller Protocols.
Layer 3 Network Need Router Packet Routing, and Internet
Broadcast (IP, IPX,
Addressing
AppleTalk)
Domains
Bridge (2
Data Link Segment Network NDIS, ODI, Frames and
Ports) or Network
Layer 2 -MAC Data into Smaller Frame MAC Address, Media Access
Switch and Ether Talk Control (MAC) Access
-LLC Collision Domains
NIC
Repeater,
One Collision AND
Hub (Multi- Signals and Network
Layer 1 Physical Processing One Broadcast Bit Physical
Media
port), Access
Domain
Cabling
Reading
3 http://www.hawkclan.com/zxonly/iso/slide2.html
4 http://www.pku.edu.cn/academic/research/computer-
center/tc/html/TC0102.html, William L. Whipple &
Sharla Riead, 1997.
END OF LECTURE
THANK YOU
19