Effect of Residual Chlorine Concentration on Water Pipe

Corrosion
Wednesday, 4 October 2017: 17:20
Camellia 2 (Gaylord National Resort and Convention Center)
K. S. Han (Seoul Water Institute, Seoul Metropolitan Government), J. H. Park (National
Institute of Environmental Research), Y. B. Park (Seoul Water Institute), S. J. Kim, H. D. Kim
(Seoul Water Institute, Seoul Metropolitan Government), Y. J. Choi (Seoul Water Institue,
Seoul Metropolitan Government), I. C. Choi (National Institute of Environmental Research),
and S. H. Hong (Department of Chemical Engineering, Soogsil University)
1. Introduction
Water pipe corrosion corrodes the iron by the oxidation reduction reaction, and the corrosion
rate is accelerated by the oxidizing agent used as disinfectant in the tap water. The major
oxidizing agent in tap water are ozone and chlorine. pH, alkalinity and residual chlorine
concentration are factors of internal corrosion.
We are replacing the ductile cast iron pipe with inner coating and stainless steel pipe.
However, it is still used in many cases, such as gray cast iron pipes and galvanized steel pipes
without internal coatings in Korea.
Chlorine is a very strong oxidant for all metals and organics, and the reaction between
chlorine and iron is as follows.
HOCl + 2Fe2+ + 5H2O → 2Fe(OH)3↓ + Cl- + 5H+
Recently, as the problem with sinkholes has arisen on the a buried road as water pipes,
sewage pipes, etc, interest in corrosion has been growing.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of residual chlorine on the corrosion factor
by analyzing the water quality and to evaluate the necessity of the proper residual chlorine on
in the water purification plant.
2. Experimental Method
In order to evaluate the corrosion of residual chlorine concentration of tap water, we were
carried out Tafel experiment and water quality analysis. The corrosion rate was measured by
a Tafel experiment using an electrochemical corrosion measurement system (PAR VMP-3).
For tap water in Seoul, corrosion evaluation was performed according to alkalinity and
hardness, residual chlorine concentraion.
3. Summary of results
The tap water quality of Seoul was as follows that residual chlorine is 0.4 mg/L, and
alkalinity is 50 mg/L as CaCO3, with a pH of 7.3. The results of experiments on the rate of
corrosion of Carbon Steel specimens to residual chlorine in seoul tap water, can be seen in
Fig. 1.
As a result of the Tafel experiment according to the initial residual chlorine concentration
under the same conditions (same LI index), The corrosion rate was 0.01 mmpy at 0 mg/L of
residual chlorine and 0.074mmpy at 0.8mg/L of residual chlorine, corrosion rate for residual
chlorine in carbon steel specimens was more than 7 times. It was confirmed that the higher
the concentration of residual chlorine, the faster the corrosion rate was increased.
The corrosivity of tap water in Korea is evaluated by the LI index, but residual chlorine has a
large effect on corrosion, so it is required to add residual chlorine for the tap water corrosion
evaluation.
It is reducing the concentration of residual chlorine for reduce the chlorine odor of tap water
in the distribution water system in Korea. But, residual chlorine guideline for corrosion
reduction is necessary in Korea.

See more of: Application, Monitoring and Models in Corrosion

See more of: C01: Corrosion General Session
See more of: Corrosion Science and Technology