UCSP: REVIEWER

THE HUMAN MOSAIC

What makes us different?

Why do we need to understand each other differences?
DIVERSITY Is not about how we differ.
Diversity is about embracing one another’s uniqueness.

EVOLUTIONARY DIFFERENCES
Interplay of Biology, environment and adaptation through time.
 NATIONALITY
The identity that is tied
CULTURAL VARIATIONS
The rich diversity in social practices that different culture exhibits around the world.

to being part of a
ENVIRONMENT + HISTORY
We are products of our natural and social environment.

nation or country.
NATIONALITY
NATION
A “group of people who
share the same
history, traditions and
language.”
 NATIONALITY
The identity that is tied to being part of a nation or country.
NATION
A “group of people who share the same history, traditions and language.”
Oftentimes inhabit a STATE.

3 TYPES OF ACQUISITION:
Jus Soli
Jus Sanguinis
Naturalization

ETHNICITY
Smaller cultural groups (ethnic groups) that share the specific environments, traditions, and histories that
are not necessarily subscribed to the mainstream culture.
ETHNOS – “group”, “nation”, “people”
 SOCIAL DIFFERENCES
Gender, Socioeconomic Status, Political Identity and Religion.

GENDER
“refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers
appropriate for men and women.”

SEX
“refers to the biological characteristic of humans such as male or female while gender categories are more
varied.”

(SOGI)
SEXUAL ORIENTATION/PREFERENCE
HETEROSEXUAL.
Sexually attracted to a person of the opposite sex.
HOMOSEXUAL.
Of the same sex. Gay/lesbian
BISEXUAL.
Attracted to both sexes.
ASEXUAL.
Incapable of being attracted to any sex.
PANSEXUAL/POLYSEXUAL.
Attracted to multiple types of gender identity.

GENDER IDENTITY
TRANSGENDER.
SO is not related to their genitalia.
TRANSSEXUAL.
Discord between their internal gender and their genitalia. (sexual reassignment)
 SOCIOECONOMIC CLASS
Income, Value of assets, and savings, cultural interest and hobbies, education, peers and relatives.

POLITICAL IDENTITY
Refers to the set of attitudes and practices that an individual adheres to in relation to the political systems
and actors within his or her society.

• Anarchism is an anti-authoritarian political philosophy that rejects hierarchies deemed unjust.

• Communism is an ideology of economic equality through the elimination of private property.
• Socialism refers to any system in which the production and distribution of goods and services is a
shared responsibility of a group of people.
• Liberalism is a political and economic doctrine that emphasizes individual autonomy, equality of
opportunity, and the protection of individual rights (primarily to life, liberty, and property).
• Conservatism generally refers to right- wing politics which advocate the preservation of personal
wealth and private ownership.
• Monarchy, political system based upon the undivided sovereignty or rule of a single person.
• Nazism ideology can be defined in four parts: expansion, racial purity, power, and militarism.
• Fascism puts nation and often race above the individual. It stands for a centralized government
headed by a dictator.

RELIGION
• Religare which means bind oneself with God.
• A system of beliefs and rituals that serve to bind people through shared worship, thereby creates
social group.