PAPER TAHAPAN PERSIAPAN BERSAMA

WORLD WITHOUT POVERTY

By:

HANIWIN SEKAR TANJUNG

NPM: 170204170015

UNIVERSITAS PADJADJARAN

JATINANGOR

2017/2018
 Preface

In the name of Allah, the most grateful, I praise and thank to God because of his presence,
and his mercy, I can finish this paper about poverty.

This paper have contents information about poverty or more specifically about poverty in
Indonesia and in the world. I hope this paper can be useful for all of us.

Because of the lack of my knowledge and experience, this paper still has many flaws.
Therefore, I appreciate criticism and advices from the readers for this paper which still has
many flaws.

I hope this paper can be useful and provide knowledge to the reader.
Table Of Contents
Preface .................................................................................................................................1
Table of Contents ................................................................................................................2
Chapter I ..............................................................................................................................3
1.1 Issue Background ..........................................................................................................3
1.2 Problem Identification ..................................................................................................4
1.3 Purpose of The Paper.....................................................................................................4
1.4 Benefits of The Paper.....................................................................................................4
Chapter II..............................................................................................................................5
2.1 Definition of Poverty......................................................................................................5
2.2 The Cause of Poverty.....................................................................................................6
2.3 Poverty from Pancasila Point View..............................................................................6
2.4 Poverty In the World.....................................................................................................7
2.5 Poverty In Indonesia......................................................................................................7
2.6 Ways to Solve Poverty....................................................................................................9
Chapter III..........................................................................................................................11
3.1 Conclusion.....................................................................................................................11
3.2 Advice............................................................................................................................11
References ..........................................................................................................................12
 Chapter I

Introduction

1.1 Issue Background

Poverty is the biggest problem in the world which many countries have this problem in
their countries. Poverty is the state or condition of having little or no money, goods, or
means of support; condition of being poor. Poverty is a human development problem in
developing countries. Many peoples in the world live under poverty line. They are hungry,
homeless, jobless, powerless, dependent, isolated and marginalized. Poverty happened not
only because of internal factors but also external factors, like economy, health, and less
education. Poverty is a situation where a person can’t complete the needs of his/her life.
Poverty is defined as a person who can’t be able and don’t have a things and other. Poverty
is often understood in the very simplest sense of being lack of money, low income levels
and unmet basic daily needs. Poverty should be priorities of our government to reduce the
number of poverty. In fact, poverty is a very complex problem, both from the cause and the
impact it causes. Poverty is not only happening in developing countries but poverty also
happening in developed contries like US and UK. There are two conditions that causes
poverty could be occur, that is natural poverty and artificial poverty. This paper aimed to
explain what is poverty, poverty data, the causes of poverty.
1.2 Problem Identification
1. What is poverty?
2. What is the cause of poverty?
3. How is poverty from pancasila point of view?
4. What is the condition of poverty in the world?
5. What is the condition of poverty in Indonesia?
6. What are ways to solve poverty?

1.3 Purpose of the paper

1. To know about the definition of poverty
2. To know what is the cause of poverty
3. To know poverty from pancasila point of view
4. To know about poverty in the world
5. To know about poverty in Indonesia
6. To know the ways to solve poverty

1.4 Benefits of the paper

1. As a source to know the definition of poverty
2. To find out about what the causes of poverty
3. To know poverty from pancasila point of view
4. As a source to know about the condition of poverty in the world
5. As a source to know about the condition of poverty in Indonesia
6. To find out the ways to solve poverty
 Chapter II

Discussion

2.1 Definition of Poverty

Poverty is one of the biggest problem in the world, not only in developing countries
but also in developed countries like America and England. Poverty is a condition which a
person is lacks the essentials for a standard of life. These essentials maybe material
resources such as healthy food, drinking water, and a house or may be social resources
such as access to information, quality education, good health and well-being, and social
status. Poverty refers to the deprivation of basic human needs, such as sanitation, water,
food, clothing, shelter, health care and education. Poverty is the state of one who lacks a
certain amount of material possessions or money. Poverty can be caused by the scarcity of
basic needs fulfillment, or the difficulty of access to education and employment. Poverty is
a global problem. The World Bank Organization describes poverty in this way:

“Poverty is hunger. Poverty is lack of shelter. Poverty is being sick and not being
able to see a doctor. Poverty is not having access to school and not knowing how to read.
Poverty is not having a job, is fear for the future, living one day at a time.

Poverty has many faces, changing from place to place and across time, and has
been described in many ways. Most often, poverty is a situation people want to escape. So
poverty is a call to action – for the poor and the wealthy alike – a call to change the world
so that many more may have enough to eat, adequate shelter, access to education and
health, protection from violence, and a voice in what happens in their communities.”
2.2 The Cause of Poverty

There are some causes of poverty, that is

 Lack of education
Lack of education is also causative factor of poverty. If a person has a higher
education, he/she will get a job as well and the job can help to complete his/her
needs.
 People’s mindset
Indonesian people’s mindset is one of factors of poverty, because the people’s
mindset consisten (for example, there is a mother to be a beggar and then she will
tel her don/daughter to be a beggar too).
 Competition in universal job
Competition in universal job is one of the factors of poverty, because in Indoensia
still less job field so many company in Indonesia will choose the employee who has
many experience and higher education. People who has little education will
defeated with people who has many education.
 Social gap lifestyle
Social gap are one of the biggest factor of poverty, there is no balance between
economic people. In Indonesia there are two typical of people, the first is the rich
people, the rich people will always be the rich because they will keep his/her life to
be rich and always try to get his/her life needs. And the second is the poor people,
the poor people will always to be poor if their mindset don’t change, they don’t
know how to make themselves to be a rich and can get their life needs.
 Population growth rate
Indonesia’s population growth continues every year. The increasing number of
people in Indonesia makes Indonesia’s economic situation worse. Some of the
factor of population growth are marriagges at a young age and lack of people using
KB program. The number of people in Indonesia who have a job not comparable
with the amount of responsibility. Minimal income and a lot of responsibility
makes people live on the poor line.
 Lack of attention from the government
 Government that less care to the growth rate of the poor can be one of the factors of
poverty. Government can’t decided a good policy that can control the rate of the
poor in the country.

2.3 Poverty from Pancasila Point of View

In pancasila, poverty is closely related to the second and fifth precept of pancasila.
For the second precept, which is “Justice and civilized humanity”. Based on big Indonesian
dictionary, the definition of each related word and become the compiler element of the
priciple justice and civilized humanity, that is:

 Humanity: 1. Qualities worthy of human beings, such as not being selfish, not
being prestigious, helpful
2. Human condition in general
 Justice: 1. Equaly heavy, not heavy-side, impartiality
2. Side with the right, hold on the truth
3. Duly, not arbitrary
 Civilized: 1. Refinement and kindness, courtesy, moral

In general, the values of humanity, justice and civilization still inherent in the minds of
the Indonesian nation. Many Indonesian human beings who have lost their humanity,
represented by the number of crime numbers that occured. The impact of poverty is closely
related with justice and civilized humanity because poverty not only affects the economy
alone, but in other areas such as education, socio-cultural, political and others which gives
an impact also on the individual who experienced individual poverty or who are in the
neighborhood.

For the fifth precept, which is “Social justice all the people of Indonesia”. All the
people of Indonesia have the right to get justice, to get the prosperity of life, not in
comparison between the rich and the poor, at the time in the hospital was not only the rich
people who in priority because they have much money. And all the people of Indonesia
also have the right to live everyday, such as decent shelter, healthy food, and education.
Because the poor people don’t have much money, they can’t get a education, so they won’t
get a job without education, and the rich people who have much money they can get
education and they will get a good job. If it continues like that, then the poor people will
continue to be in circle of poverty. The government should be fair in giving a quality
education, government should help the poor people to get a education, so the circle of
poverty won’t exist anymore.

2.4 Poverty in the World

Poverty is defined contextually as economic inequality in the location. Poverty

reduction is a major goal and issue for every world and many international organizations
such as the United Nations and the World Bank. In every part of the world there can be
certain conglomerates and the poor. Where the conglomerate group can always meet its
needs, while the wretched group live within the limitations of material that makes it worse.
Now, the world is wounded by widespread poverty in most countries, if there is no
password, despite the differences and the number of poor people. There is hardly a single
country free from the problems of poverty in the present, including rich and advanced
countries in the fields of science and industry.

Asian Countries with the Highest Average Gini Ratio:

Country Gini Ratio in Gini Ratio in Difference

the 1990s the 2000s
China 0.34 0.45 +0.11
Indonesia 0.30 0.39 +0.9
Laos 0.32 0.38 +0.6
India 0.34 0.39 +0.5
Vietnam 0.37 0.37 +0
Cambodia 0.39 0.38 -0.1
Philippines 0.45 0.44 -0.1
Malaysia 0.49 0.47 -0.2
Thailand 0.46 0.41 -0.5
Source: World Bank

2.5 Poverty in Indonesia

The problem of poverty in Indonesia is equally severe with the low Human
Resources (HR), this is evidenced by the low quality of life of Indonesian people who will
be rich in Natural Resources (SDA). Indonesia's poverty condition worsened by the
economic crisis in 1998. But when economic growth that had declined due to the crisis can
be overcome and can be recovered, poverty is still difficult to overcome. Another
challenge is the gap between the village and the city. The proportion of rural poor is
relative higher than urban. Susenas data (national socioeconomic survey) in 2004 showed
that about 69.0 percent of Indonesian population including poor people mostly work in
agriculture sector.

Indonesian Provinces with Highest Absolute Poverty:

Province Poor People

(In million)
East Java 4.78
Central Java 4.51
West Java 4.49
North Sumatra 1.51
East Nusa Tenggara 1.16
March 2016

Source : Statistics Indonesia (BPS)

2.6 Ways to Solve Poverty

There are some ways to solve poverty:
1. Create jobs that can absorb a lot of manpower so as to reduce unemployment. Because
unemployment is one of the biggest causes of poverty in Indonesia. The government
should create jobs to reduce unemployment and the more jobs there is, the less there
unemployment in Indonesia.

2. Eradicate corruption, because corruption is one of the causes community service is not
running properly. This is what makes people can’t enjoy their rights as a citizens as they
should.

3. Make a zakat program, in Indonesia Islam is the majority religion. And Islam the
teachings of zakat introduced as a medium to cultivate welfare equality among the people
and reduce the rich-poor gap.

4. Maintain price stability of basic commodities, this program aims to ensure the
purchasing power of the poor/ the poor people can meet daily needs. Especially rice and
other main needs.

5. Improving the access of the poor people to basic services. This program aims to improve
access of the poor people to meet basic education, health and infrastructure needs. Such as,
scholarships for poor students, referral health services for poor families free of charge in
third class hospitals.
6. Improve and expand the scope of community-based development programs. This
program aims to improve synergy and optimize community empowerment in rural and
urban areas and to strengthen the provision of support for the development of business
opportunities for the poor people.

7. Improvements to the quality of education, help development education in Indonesia

8. Provide more funding for the poor people

9. Improvements of health facilities in Indonesia

10. Upgrading of rural road and electricity facilities.

 Chapter III
Closing
3.1 Conclusion
Poverty is the biggest problem in the world, poverty not only happening in Indonesia but
also in other countries especially developing countries. Poverty has many negative impact,
not only in economics but also in others. Poverty is a serious problem, poverty should be
reduced together. The incidence of poverty in Indonesia is very dangerous. The
governments should more giving attention to the poor people not only thinking of
themselves. The government should give special treatment and integrated together with the
community. Poverty is a situation that people don’t have much money and they are barely
able to pay for food and shelter. The increased cost of health system, education system, and
other system make poop people getting burdened. Cause of poverty not only just one, so
the government should be able to cope. In Indonesia, the government already succeed
reduce the poverty rate in Indonesia. The poverty rate in Indoenesia will be reduce if the
the government and society have a good cooperation and shared responsibility. Poverty
reduction is a major goal for many countries, not only in Indonesia but also in another
country want their country free from poverty. Poverty is the first problem which can give
rise to other problems, such as hunger, lack of education, the number of unemployed. To
solve the problem we need solutions that can reduce the poverty, and give a justice and
equal chance to all the people in country and it will help the people get them out of
poverty.

3.2 Advice
Poverty is a biggest problem that we should reduce and remove, we as a student can also
have to help solve the poverty. We need to support all government programs in earnest for
the future of the nation and the state of Indonesia free from poverty. The government also
should make a program which can reduce the poverty and also responsible with their
program. Poverty will be reduce if all of us more giving attention to the poor people and if
we have more we can give it to the people less able. To reduce poverty we should start by
ourselves and the people of Indonesia should realized that poverty sometimes from our
lazy self, not only the government was wrong. Start from ourselves and then support the
government to reduce the poverty in Indonesia.
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