Amontons's Law

 Lesson5 chapters
 Questions

Objective
At the end of this lesson, you should be able to describe the relationship between pressure and
temperature of a gas at constant volume and number of moles.

What is the relationship between pressure and temperature according to Amontons's law?

Report errors
12345

Learn about it!

Amontons's law states that the temperature and pressure of a given mass of confined gas are
directly proportional, given that the volume of the system is held constant. This law was formulated
by Guillaume Amontons between 1700 and 1702.

Mathematically, it can be expressed as:

PT=constant
It would be useful to look into the initial and final characteristics of gases. In terms of pressure and
temperature,

P1T1=P2T2
where:

T1 = initial temperature

T2 = final temperature
P1 = initial pressure
P2 = final pressure
Report errors

12345

Example
A sample of gas with temperature of 280 K has a pressure of 2.00 atm.

What will be the pressure of this gas if it is heated to a temperature of 330 K?

How can the formula be used?

Step 1: Identify what is asked in the problem.
final pressure of the gas, P2
Step 2: Write down the given in the problem.

T1 = 280 K
T2 = 330 K
P1 = 2.00 atm
Step 3: Use the equation to find the unknown quantity.

P1T1=P2T2
P2=(2.00atm)(330K)(280K)
Step 4: Find the answer.

P2=2.36atm
Report errors

12345

Try it!
A specific amount of gas has temperature of 440 K at 2 atm. What will be the pressure of the gas
when the temperature drops to 300 K?

Try it! Solution

Step 1: Identify what is asked in the problem.

final pressure of the gas, P2

Step 2: Write down the given in the problem.

T1 = 440 K
T2 = 300 K
P1 = 2.00 atm
Step 3: Use the equation to find the unknown quantity.

P1T1=P2T2
P2=(2.00atm)(300K)(440K)
Step 4: Find the answer.

P2=1.36atm
Report errors

12345

Tips
In solving for unknown quantities, remember to:

 make sure the temperature is in Kelvin;

  check the consistency of units; and
 isolate the unknown quantity on one side of the equation before substituting the given.

What do you think?

If you are going to plot a pressure vs. temperature graph, how would it look like?

Key Points
 Amontons's law states that the temperature and pressure of a given mass of confined gas
are directly proportional, given that the volume of the system is held constant.
 Amontons's law can be mathematically expressed as: P1T1=P2T2

Report errors
12345
Q1

Single Answer

Question

Which of the following is the SI unit for temperature?

Correct answer

Kelvin
Celsius
Farenheit
Rankine

Explanation

Kelvin is the SI unit for temperature.

Report errors
Q2

Multiple Choice

Question

Which two quantities are correlated in Amontons's law?

Correct answer

pressure
temperature
volume
number of moles
Explanation

Amontons's law relates the temperature and pressure of a gas.

Report errors
Q3

Single Answer

Question

What is the relationship between pressure and temperature according to Amonton's law?

Correct answer

They are directly proportional.

They are inversely proportional.
They are equal.
They do not have a direct relationship.

Explanation

According to Amontons's law, the temperature and pressure of a given mass of confined gas are directly proportional,
given that the volume of the system is held constant.

Report errors
Q4

Multiple Choice

Question

Which of the following is the mathematical expression of Amontons's law?

Correct answer

PT=constant
P1T1=P2T2
P2T1=P1T2
PT=constant

Explanation

Mathematically, Amontons's law can be expressed as:

PT=constant

If the gas has initial and final states, then Amontons's law can be expressed as:

P1T1=P2T2

Report errors
Q5
Single Answer

Question

A gas has an initial pressure and temperature of 70 atm and 350 K, respectively.

What is the pressure of a gas at 500 K?

Correct answer

100 atm
200 atm
49 atm
88 atm

Explanation

P1T1=P2T2

P2=(70atm)(500K)(350K)

P2=100atm

Report errors
Q6

Single Answer

Question

Nitrogen has a pressure of 760 mm Hg at a temperature of 450 K.

At what temperature will it have a pressure of 1000 mm Hg?

Correct answer

592 K
600 K
1000 K
800 K

Explanation

P1T1=P2T2

T2=(1000mmHg)(450K)(760mmHg)

T2=592K

Report errors
Q7

Single Answer
Question

3.0 atm of gas with a temperature of 500 K is heated to a temperature of 700 K.

What is the pressure of gas after it was heated?

Correct answer

4.2 atm
8.4 atm
10 atm
20 atm

Explanation

P1T1=P2T2

P2=(3atm)(700K)(500K)

P2=4.2atm

Report errors
Q8

Single Answer

Question

What will happen to the pressure of a gas when the temperature is increased?

Correct answer

It will decrease.
It will increase.
It will remain constant.
Not enough information is given.

Explanation

According to the Amontons's law, when the temperature of the gas increases, its pressure increases.

Report errors
Q9

Single Answer

Question

What will happen to the pressure of a gas when its temperature is doubled?

Correct answer

It will be halved.
It will be doubled.
It will not change.
It will become zero.

Explanation

According to the Amontons's law, when the temperature of the gas increases, its pressure decreases. Thus, if the
temperature is doubled, the pressure will be doubled as well.

Report errors
Q10

Single Answer

Question

What will happen to the temperature of a gas when you decrease the pressure into half of its original value?

Correct answer

It will be doubled.
It will be halved.
It will be quartered.
It will remain the same.

Explanation

According to Amontons's law, when the temperature of the gas increases, its pressure decreases. Thus, if you
decrease the pressure of a gas into half of its original value, the temperature will be halved as well.